105 results about "Cavitation bubble" patented technology

The invention provides an acoustic coalescence elimination method for hydrogen bubbles in molten aluminum, and belongs to the technical field of molten aluminum bubble elimination. According to the method, sound field collaborative focusing is achieved by arranging a phase control array transducer set in a molten aluminum smelting furnace, primary gathered sound waves and efficient coalescence sound waves are applied in stages according to bubble size evolution in a double-frequency scanning mode, and the hydrogen bubbles in the molten aluminum are eliminated. A target frequency is dynamically adjusted in combination with a bubble resonance frequency optimization model to match the inherent frequency of a bubble, a sound-bubble coupling dynamic tracking system is used for monitoring bubble evolution triggering stage switching in real time, and a sound field focus point dynamically scans and covers a three-dimensional space area through phase delay control. A delay detection method is adopted to eliminate cavitation bubble interference and accurately measure the hydrogen content, sound intensity and frequency parameters are optimized according to a sound field parameter self-adaptive regulation and control model, and the technical problem that hydrogen bubbles in a molten aluminum deep area are difficult to be effectively driven by sound waves and cannot be fully coalesced and eliminated is solved.

The invention discloses automatic cleaning equipment for geothermal well maintenance, and relates to the technical field of geothermal well cleaning equipment.The automatic cleaning equipment comprises a pipeline adaptive cleaning assembly, the pipeline adaptive cleaning assembly extends into a geothermal well and can clean the inner walls of pipelines with different sizes of the geothermal well, and the top of the pipeline adaptive cleaning assembly is connected with a magnetic connecting structure; under the cooperation of the pipeline adaptive cleaning assembly, the shaft joint mechanical arm and the magnetic connecting structure, the whole device can accurately adapt to vertical, bent and variable-diameter pipelines through the cooperation of laser ranging and a lead screw sliding block adjusting structure and the cooperation of a self-driving wheel and a transmission rod structure, the problems of pipe clamping and blind areas of traditional equipment are solved, and the working efficiency is improved. And by means of the arrangement that the focus of ultrasonic waves coincides with the center of high-pressure water flow, the composite effect that cavitation bubble impact is matched with mechanical water flow cleaning is formed, the hard scale removing efficiency is effectively improved, and under the cooperation of the variable-angle inclined spray head and the adjustable spray hole structure, the circumferential direction can be covered, and different scales can be accurately hit.

The invention provides an ultrasonic parameter adaptive adjustment and cleaning evaluation method in a wafer cleaning process, and relates to the technical field of semiconductor manufacturing, and the method comprises the steps: calculating sound field energy distribution through collecting wafer surface temperature distribution and cavity vibration response data; based on the temperature gradient and the sound intensity gradient, calculating the micro-flow field distribution of the cleaning fluid, and establishing a cavitation bubble collapse characteristic matrix; recognizing and cleaning a dead zone through singular value decomposition of the feature matrix, and controlling a piezoelectric transducer to generate focused ultrasonic waves; meanwhile, the plasma resonance sensor is used for monitoring the surface adsorption characteristic change and evaluating the cleanliness. According to the invention, real-time self-adaptive adjustment of ultrasonic cleaning parameters is realized, and the cleaning uniformity and efficiency are improved.

The invention discloses a cavitation effect enhancing device of an ultrasonic cleaning machine and a multi-material workpiece accurate descaling method.The cavitation effect enhancing device is installed on the ultrasonic cleaning machine and comprises an intelligent control mechanism, a water flow jetting mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, a circulating assembly and a sealing protection assembly; the intelligent control mechanism can receive and analyze monitoring signals transmitted by the monitoring mechanism in real time and output control instructions to adjust working parameters of the water flow jetting mechanism, the ultrasonic transducer and the circulation assembly. The water flow spraying mechanism is located in the cleaning tank and used for spraying water flow to impact the workpiece and disturb the cleaning liquid. The ultrasonic cleaning device has the beneficial effects that through injection and water flow disturbance of the water flow injection mechanism, removal of dissolved gas in cleaning liquid is promoted, the number of cavitation bubbles is increased, meanwhile, the intelligent control mechanism dynamically adjusts the power of the ultrasonic transducer, the power density is improved, the collapse energy of the cavitation bubbles is enhanced, and the cavitation effect strength is remarkably improved.

The invention provides an ultrasonic microcavity reactor which comprises a reactor main body and an ultrasonic wave generating device, and the reactor main body is installed in an ultrasonic wave radiating surface of the ultrasonic wave generating device; at least one micro-cavity unit is arranged in the reactor main body, the micro-cavity unit is of a hollow pipeline structure extending in the horizontal axial direction, and the inner diameter of a cavity of the micro-cavity unit sequentially comprises an axial divergent section with the cross section area continuously increasing from the inlet end of the axial divergent section to the outlet end of the axial divergent section in the fluid flowing direction; and the axial gradually-shrinking section is positioned at the downstream of the axial gradually-expanding section, and the cross sectional area of the axial gradually-shrinking section is continuously reduced from the inlet end of the axial gradually-shrinking section to the outlet end of the axial gradually-shrinking section. The micro-cavity unit is designed into a rotational flow cavity which is gradually expanded and gradually shrunk in the axial direction; therefore, a hurricane type cavitation bubble group can be formed in the reaction cavity of the ultrasonic microcavity reactor. Compared with a conventional ultrasonic cavitation reactor, hurricane type cavitation bubbles can be generated, the sound field distribution is concentrated, the shearing capacity is high, and the mixing and emulsifying effects are good.

The utility model discloses a catamaran propelling device which comprises a catamaran body (1), a paddle propelling device (2), a deck (3), paddles (4), a gear (5), a chain (6), a roller (7), an inner chain plate (8), a sleeve (9), a pin shaft (10), an outer chain plate (11) with paddles and an outer chain plate (12) with paddles. The paddles are driven through rotation of the chain, and the catamaran is pushed to move through interaction of the paddles and water. Water flow between the two ship bodies can be adjusted and rectified, the flowing state of the water flow is changed, and resistance received by the catamaran is reduced. Due to the action characteristics of the paddles, cavitation bubbles can be reduced, the propulsion efficiency is improved, and the navigation stability and the operation performance of the ship are improved.

The invention discloses a cavitation shot peening surface strengthening method and system based on cooperation of high hydrostatic pressure and spherical focused ultrasound. The method comprises the following steps: establishing and maintaining a hydrostatic pressure environment higher than 0.1 MPa in a high-pressure processing cavity filled with a degassing liquid medium; the to-be-machined surface of the workpiece is positioned in a sound field focal region of the spherical focused ultrasound transducer; and in the high hydrostatic pressure environment, a transducer is driven to work so as to generate a cavitation bubble group in a space confinement range in a focal region of the transducer, and meanwhile, the workpiece is controlled to move according to a preset path, so that cavitation collapse impact acts on a target region on the surface of the workpiece. The device comprises a high-pressure processing cavity, a spherical focused ultrasonic transducer, a multi-degree-of-freedom movement mechanism and a control system. Through cooperation of high hydrostatic pressure constraint and the spherical focusing sound field, precise localization and energy strengthening of the cavitation effect are achieved, a plastic deformation layer can be efficiently and controllably introduced to the surface of a metal material, the surface hardness can be remarkably improved, a residual compressive stress layer is formed, surface layer grains are refined, and the method is suitable for precise surface strengthening of complex components.

According to the cleaning equipment and the control method thereof, a straight pipe or a common spray pipe on a water inlet pipeline of traditional cleaning equipment is replaced with a Laval spray pipe, and high-energy cavitation water flow generated by the Laval spray pipe is rich in a large number of micron-sized cavitation bubbles. The cavitation bubbles are instantly collapsed when impacting the surface of an object to be washed (such as a shoe), and extremely high local shock waves and micro-jet are generated. The strong physical force can effectively penetrate through fiber gaps, and stubborn stains (such as oil stains and mud stains) which are difficult to treat through traditional scrubbing or common water flow are thoroughly stripped and removed. The blots are exploded by increasing the energy per unit volume of the water flow (i.e., generating a cavitation effect). Therefore, the cleaning effect far better than that of the traditional technology can be achieved under the condition that less water is used. The environment-friendly policy of energy conservation and emission reduction is actively responded, and the long-term use cost is also reduced for users.

The invention discloses a numerical simulation method for researching the influence of ultrasonic parameters on the whole process of a cavitation effect, which comprises the following steps: constructing a two-dimensional model subjected to grid division in Fluent, the two-dimensional model being a model in which an ultrasonic transducer is immersed in water; adding a mixture model and a cavitation model based on a gas-liquid two-phase flow continuity equation into Fluent, and obtaining a simulation result of the influence of ultrasonic parameters on cavitation bubbles based on the mixture model and the cavitation model; and based on a Keller-Miksis equation, analyzing in Matlab to obtain a simulation result of the influence of the ultrasonic parameters on the growth and fracture of the cavitation bubbles. According to the numerical simulation method provided by the invention, the influence of the ultrasonic parameters on the whole process of the cavitation effect can be explained, the influence of the ultrasonic parameters from bubble nucleus generation to growth to collapse can be summarized relatively completely, and the relationship between the ultrasonic parameters and the cavitation effect can be known more clearly.

The invention provides an offshore photovoltaic cleaning robot based on a cavitation jet cleaning technology, and the robot comprises a vehicle body walking mechanism which is used for enabling the robot to walk autonomously on the surface of an offshore photovoltaic array; the cavitation jet cleaning device is used for generating cavitation jet by taking fresh water as a medium, stripping sea salt crystals, biological scales and water scales on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in a non-contact manner by utilizing cavitation bubble collapse energy, and recycling unused fresh water; and the computer vision device is used for collecting the surface image of the photovoltaic panel in real time, identifying the type and distribution of stains and dynamically adjusting the pressure and flow of the cavitation jet flow according to the types and distribution of the stains so as to realize on-demand cleaning. According to the invention, high-frequency micro-jet and shock wave effects generated by cavitation jet are utilized to realize high-efficiency non-contact removal of attachments (such as sea salt crystals, biological scales, water scales and the like) on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

The application discloses a kind of based on wettability difference capillary ultrasonic microreactor and continuous efficient extraction method.The reactor includes sandwich type ultrasonic transducer and the capillary microreactor of segmented design along fluid flow direction: inner wall of front-end pipe section is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene, is hydrophobic, facilitate oil phase continuous and excite a large number of acoustic cavitation bubbles;Back-end pipe section is bare hydrophilic base material, guarantee efficient transmission of acoustic energy, enhance bubble vibration intensity.Through axial wettability gradient design, synergistic control cavitation bubble quantity and intensity, and induce liquid-liquid system to occur controllable phase state overturn in flow, significantly strengthen interface update and mass transfer.The system structure is compact, easy to operate, suitable for a variety of not mutually soluble liquid-liquid system, in 2-100 seconds can complete efficient extraction, compared with traditional microextraction method (2-60 minutes) efficiency is improved several times.

The invention relates to a mercury-containing acid mud efficient recovery method and device based on difference frequency resonance coupling. The high-efficiency mercury-containing acid mud recovery method based on difference frequency resonance coupling comprises the following steps: step 1, acid mud pretreatment: crushing, screening and drying mercury-containing acid mud; 2, coupled field leaching is conducted, specifically, a product in the step 1 is conveyed into a reaction kettle, stirring is conducted after an oxidizing agent is added, an acid mud turbid liquid is obtained, an oxidation-reduction reaction is conducted through catalysis of a difference frequency resonance coupled field formed by two frequency-adjustable ultrasonic waves, and the difference frequency adjusting range delta f is 6-10 kHz; step 3, carrying out solid-liquid separation; leaching liquid containing mercury and selenium is obtained. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the standing wave effect can be formed through the difference frequency, and the crushing efficiency of the cavitation bubbles is improved, so that the oxidation reaction speed of the mercury-containing acid mud turbid liquid is improved; secondly, through the adjustable frequency, the situation that the ultrasonic frequency is not matched with the mercury ion concentration and the turbid liquid temperature, and consequently ultrasonic energy waste is caused is avoided.

This invention discloses a method for identifying cavitation bubbles in high-velocity clouds based on adaptive multi-threshold segmentation, belonging to the field of cavitation bubble image recognition and fluid measurement technology. The method first uses a high-speed camera to acquire images of the evolution of dense bubble groups in a high-velocity cloud cavitation flow field. Based on the image's grayscale distribution characteristics, the OTSU adaptive global thresholding method is used to determine the background noise threshold and the scattered light noise threshold, respectively. On this basis, an adaptive multi-threshold segmentation algorithm is constructed, combining grayscale threshold sequences and bubble diameter threshold sequences for multi-round identification. Connected component analysis and area compensation are used to separate adherent bubbles and accurately extract small-scale bubbles. This invention can adapt to environments with high flow rates, non-uniform illumination, and uneven bubble distribution, achieving high-precision, non-invasive identification and statistical analysis of tiny bubbles inside cloud cavitation.

The invention relates to a multi-phase flow closed-loop regulation and control experiment system for ventilation cavitation bubbles around a revolving body of a vertical water tunnel, and belongs to the field of cavitation water tunnel experiment technologies and equipment. Comprising a control system, a sensing system, a ventilation system, a rudder deflection system and an experimental model. The sensing system senses the state of the experimental model in real time; the control system is used for generating a rudder deflection control instruction and sending the rudder deflection control instruction to the rudder deflection system; a ventilation control instruction is generated and sent to a ventilation system; the rudder deflection system is used for adjusting rudder deflection parameters of the experimental model according to the rudder deflection control instruction, so that the attitude of the experimental model is adjusted, and the free pitching motion of the experimental model is realized; the ventilation system is used for adjusting ventilation parameters of the experimental model according to the ventilation control instruction so as to adjust the cavitation flow capacity of the experimental model; according to the invention, an experimental platform and a research basis are provided for research on flow phenomena such as cavitation falling and collapse and related large-scale and strongly-uncertain hydrodynamic characteristics under the flow direction gravity condition.

This invention discloses an optical path adjustment system for in-situ dynamic calibration of pressure sensors based on laser cavitation. Inside a vessel operating underwater, a pulsed laser beam is emitted from a pulsed laser. After passing through a designed optical path adjustment system, the beam is focused onto the vicinity of the pressure sensor being calibrated via a light-transmitting aperture on the vessel's internal bulkhead, generating laser-induced cavitation. The microsecond-level pressure shock wave generated during the collapse phase of the cavitation bubbles is used as the excitation signal to calibrate the pressure sensor in the actual in-situ environment. Simultaneously, an algorithm is designed based on the optical path adjustment system to calibrate pressure sensors at different locations. This invention's optical path adjustment system requires a simple structure, has lower cost, and is suitable for widespread application.

The utility model discloses a wave type icebreaking robot which comprises a main cabin body, an ultrasonic vibrator deicing device, a sinking and floating device, a control device and a driving device, the tail part of the main cabin body is fixedly connected with the propeller; the main cabin body is of a symmetrical structure, an ultrasonic vibrator deicing device and a control device are arranged in a central cavity of the main cabin body, sinking and floating devices are symmetrically installed on the two sides of the central cavity, and driving devices are installed on the outer sides of the sinking and floating devices. The high-frequency vibration of ultrasonic waves is utilized to cause rapid change of local pressure, and cavitation bubbles are generated. When the cavitation bubbles are broken near an ice layer, powerful waves can be generated, stripping and breaking of the ice layer are facilitated, and compared with a traditional ice breaking device, the ice breaking device has the efficient and rapid ice removing capacity and can remove the large-area ice layer within a short time. No chemical agent is needed, and pollution of the chemical agent to marine organisms and corrosion of the chemical agent to the surface of an object are avoided. And non-contact deicing is adopted, so that mechanical damage to the surface of an object is avoided.

The invention relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing, in particular to a twisted rudder for a ship. The twisted rudder for the ship comprises a first rudder blade, a second rudder blade and a third rudder blade, the two ends of the second rudder blade are connected to the first rudder blade and the third rudder blade respectively, the first rudder blade is connected to deadwood, and the degrees of the front end of the first rudder blade, the front end of the second rudder blade and the front end of the third rudder blade are reduced in the same proportion from top to bottom and are in smooth transition. The propeller comprises a propeller shaft and fan blades, the propeller shaft is connected to the ship body and sleeved with the fan blades, the diameter of the fan blades is D, the distance between the top of the second rudder blade and the propeller shaft is h, and h is larger than or equal to 0.7 D and smaller than or equal to 1.1 D. The twisted rudder for the ship adopts a sectional structure, the front end of the whole rudder blade is in smooth transition, and cavitation bubbles can be avoided and energy loss can be reduced by adjusting the relative position of the propeller and the second rudder blade.

A method for testing the accuracy and the performance of an ultrasound transducer able to generate cavitation bubbles by placing in a volume of an ultrasound-transmitting medium an elastomer block at an expected cavitation region of the ultrasound transducer, activating the ultrasound transducer so as to generate cavitation bubbles in the elastomer block, detecting in the elastomer marks corresponding to the generated cavitation bubbles and deducing from the marks the three-dimensional characteristics of a real cavitation region of the ultrasound transducer. A system comprising volume of an ultrasound-transmitting medium, an elastomer block disposed in the volume of an ultrasound-transmitting medium, and an ultrasound transducer is also provided.

This invention discloses a hydraulic actuation testing device for aviation hydraulic components, belonging to the field of hydraulic component testing technology. It includes a base with a protective cover above it, a hydraulic station inside the base, a fixture and a lateral loading assembly on the base surface, an actuator cylinder installed inside the fixture, and a main thrust actuator and a hydraulic testing assembly on both sides of the fixture. This invention constructs a multi-axis composite load simulation system by setting up a main thrust actuator, a vertical bending load actuator, a lateral force actuator, and a torque actuator. This system can accurately reproduce the complex spatial loads acting on the actuator cylinder when an aircraft lands on a sea-based platform. Simultaneously, an ultrasonic device integrated into the hydraulic testing assembly can actively generate cavitation bubbles in the oil circuit, simulating extreme fluid environments. This transforms the transient impact of a simulated aircraft landing on a sea-based platform into a cyclical continuous loading process, improving the data quality for fatigue damage research and life prediction testing of aviation hydraulic actuator cylinders.

This utility model provides a brake disc cleaning mechanism, including an ultrasonic cleaning tank. A mounting box is located at the rear of the ultrasonic cleaning tank. Multiple guide pillars are arranged inside the mounting box, and a lifting frame plate is slidably arranged between the outer arc surfaces of the guide pillars. Multiple support plates are arranged on the inner wall of the lifting frame plate, and a bearing pillar is arranged on the right side of each support plate. A limit locking mechanism is provided inside the lifting frame plate to limit the movement of the brake disc during cleaning. With this brake disc cleaning mechanism, the brake disc is suspended in the cleaning tank, allowing both sides to directly contact the ultrasonic cleaning fluid and cavitation bubbles, ensuring that all surfaces are thoroughly cleaned. This avoids blind spots caused by contact with the cleaning frame and eliminates the need for manual rotation of the brake disc, reducing operational steps, improving overall work efficiency, and minimizing downtime.

This invention discloses a submerged uniform cavitation-assisted electrolytic surface processing device and method. A first switch and a first power supply are connected in series via wires between the positive and negative electrodes. A cavitation water jet generating system is installed between the positive electrode cavity and the processing tank, and between the negative electrode cavity and the processing tank. Each cavitation water jet generating system includes a high-pressure plunger pump connected by a high-pressure water pipe and a cavitation nozzle. The first end of the first high-pressure water pipe extends into the positive electrode cavity, and the first end of the second high-pressure water pipe extends into the negative electrode cavity. Both cavitation nozzles are completely submerged in the water of the processing tank. A moving platform moves the workpiece to be processed directly below the two cavitation nozzles. Two electromagnetic induction coils are sealed inside the platform's fixed base, with a corresponding cavitation nozzle directly above each electromagnetic induction coil. This invention can uniformly polish the workpiece surface and uniformly coat it with a deep coating. Uniform processing is achieved by guiding cavitation bubbles through a magnetic field generated by the specially designed nozzles and magnetic induction coils.

The present invention relates to a method for reducing a first pressure fluctuation in a fluid in a fluid-carrying element of a temperature control device for a directly position- or shape-sensitive or an indirectly position- or shape-sensitive element of a lithography system, comprising acquiring information associated with the first pressure fluctuation in the fluid-carrying element, determining, based on the acquired information, an optical power to be introduced into the fluid-carrying element in order to counteract the first pressure fluctuation, and introducing the determined optical power into the fluid in the fluid-carrying element in order to generate a cavitation bubble in the fluid, thereby generating a second pressure fluctuation in the fluid which counteracts the first pressure fluctuation.

The utility model discloses a defibrating machine which comprises a machine shell internally provided with a cavity and a first main shaft rotatably arranged in the cavity, and a first spiral assembly and a first spiral channel are arranged on the outer side of the first main shaft; the first spiral assembly comprises a first spiral structure, and the first spiral channel comprises a first spiral groove; a cavitation structure is arranged in the area, corresponding to the first spiral groove, of the inner side of the machine shell, and the first spiral groove is communicated with the cavitation structure. According to the defibrating machine, the first main shaft rotates to drive the first spiral structure to rotate, so that materials rub with the first spiral structure to generate cavitation bubbles, and the materials bear extrusion force opposite to the first direction; after materials in the first spiral groove are extruded to enter the cavitation structure, extrusion force is reduced, cavitation bubbles are broken, huge energy is released, hydrogen bonds between fibers are promoted to be broken, fiber bundles are dissociated into single fibers, and the thread rolling effect is good.

The application provides a device and method for preparing secondary micro-dimple by near-wall laser-induced double cavitation bubbles, and relates to the technical field of laser strengthening, and comprises a laser system, a beam expanding and focusing system, a climbing system, a light splitting system, a glass tank, a liquid medium, a material to be processed, an electric three-dimensional moving platform, and the beam expanding and focusing system comprises a beam expander, a left focusing lens and a right focusing lens; the laser emitted by the laser system is evenly divided into two symmetrical paths through the beam expander, the climbing system and the light splitting system, and the two paths of laser are focused by the left focusing lens and the right focusing lens respectively, and then simultaneously break through the liquid medium from top to bottom, the focal points act on the surface of the material to be processed, and cavitation bubble one and cavitation bubble two are simultaneously formed on the surface of the material to be processed, the double cavitation bubbles generate superposition to form a composite interference zone in the pulsation evolution process, and the secondary micro-dimple is prepared on the surface of the material to be processed in the composite interference zone. The secondary micro-dimple is prepared by the double cavitation bubble interference zone, and the strengthening effect on the surface of the material is effectively improved.

This invention discloses a method for designing ventilation parameters for a supercavitating vehicle. Referring to the vehicle's shape and speed, the required ventilation volumetric flow rate for generating a suitable cavitation bubble size is calculated using the ventilation rate formula. The gas density inside the bubble is determined based on the environmental pressure and required cavitation number. The combustion surface of the solid propellant grain in the gas generator is designed in conjunction with fuel characteristics. Supercavitating vehicles designed using this invention are launched from underwater UUVs and surface ships, primarily for countering underwater targets. The method of this invention can efficiently obtain the ventilation parameters required for generating the appropriate supercavitation size when the vehicle is operating under variable conditions. Furthermore, through reasonable propellant design, the supercavitation size of the vehicle can be easily changed to adapt to changes in operating conditions. This avoids the problem of the vehicle not being fully covered by a supercavitation size that is too small after changing operating conditions, as well as the waste and even performance degradation caused by a supercavitation size that is too large.

This utility model belongs to the field of cavitation heat pump technology, specifically a cavitation heat pump capable of noise reduction. It includes a base, a working motor fixedly connected to the top edge of the base, a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the working motor, a pump casing mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a pump body fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft. A cavitation drum, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pump casing, is sleeved on the outer wall of the pump body. The outer wall of the cavitation drum has cavitation holes, and a protective frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pump body. This utility model, by incorporating a sponge and a connecting plate, absorbs the noise generated by the bursting of cavitation bubbles. Simultaneously, the pump casing vibrates, causing the connecting plate to vibrate synchronously. This transmits energy to a first damping spring via a lifting plate and to a second damping spring via a telescopic plate, thus reducing vibration of the pump casing.

A flight vehicle configured for underwater trajectory includes a vehicle forebody attached to a fuselage. The flight vehicle forebody has a curved sensor window and an integral ring cavitator situated aft of the sensor window that triggers and manages cavitation underwater during the underwater trajectory. The placement of the integral ring cavitator aft of the curved sensor window provides the sensors with a forward field of view enabling guidance. The curved sensor window and the integral ring cavitator may be configured to transfer load at impact with water to the fuselage. The size and the shape of the of the integral ring cavitator, the location of the integral ring cavitator with respect to the forebody, and the shape of the curved sensor window are selected to generate a cavitation bubble and maintain a pitch angle when the flight vehicle is traveling underwater.

The invention discloses a polymer coating structure for cavitation protection and a preparation method thereof. The structure is a sandwich structure formed by a material bottom layer, a porous structure layer and a surface layer. The structure is suitable for cavitation erosion protection of the surface of a base material in hydraulic machinery, the structure can be prepared and coated through a high polymer material, the structure can be formed on the surface of the base material after the material is cured, and the structure can also be generated in the form of 3D printing and the like. When cavitation bubbles generated around collapse close to the surface, the structural layer reduces the internal pressure through deformation and surface layer upheaval to balance the low pressure between the cavitation bubbles and the wall surface when the cavitation bubbles collapse, so that the collapse direction of the cavitation bubbles is changed, the impact of micro-jet generated when the cavitation bubbles collapse is remarkably inhibited, the strength of impact waves is reduced, and the cavitation bubbles are prevented from collapsing. Therefore, the purpose of cavitation erosion protection of hydraulic machinery is achieved. The invention provides a novel way with practicability and economical efficiency for cavitation protection of hydraulic machinery.

According to the energy-saving guide wheel test device and method, through changes of angles and positions of blades of an energy-saving guide wheel, the propulsive efficiency is improved, the guide wheel provides pre-rotation, the wake flow rotation energy loss of a propeller is reduced, and the efficiency is improved by about 3-8%; the energy-saving guide wheel with the matched structure can further reduce the fuel consumption, the comprehensive fuel-saving effect exceeds 2-5%, and the annual operation cost is reduced; cavitation bubbles and vibration are reduced, the water flow uniformity is optimized, propeller cavitation bubble corrosion and hull vibration are reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged; the angles of part of the self-adaptive guide wheels can be adjusted, so that the self-adaptive guide wheels are suitable for different drafts or navigational speeds. The form of the guide wheel is optimized, and the adjustable guide wheel is adapted to dynamic working conditions. Meanwhile, the problem that CFD calculation is not accurate enough can be solved, and the accuracy is improved.

The invention discloses a method for obtaining an ultra-smooth surface by dispersing abrasive particles of a polishing solution under the assistance of ultrasonic vibration, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The method comprises the steps that S110, the abrasive particles in the polishing solution are dispersed through an ultrasonic generator; s120, the dispersed polishing solution is conveyed to the surface of the fused quartz workpiece; and S130, ultra-smooth machining of the fused quartz workpiece is conducted through the machining tool. According to the device and the method, a large number of cavitation bubbles are generated under the ultrasonic cavitation effect, transient high temperature and high pressure and micro jet flow can be generated locally during collapse, so that abrasive particles in the polishing solution are promoted to be dispersed, efficient abrasive particle depolymerization is achieved by optimizing process parameters of ultrasonic vibration, the average particle size of the abrasive particles is reduced by about 26.0%, and particle size distribution is remarkably narrowed.