The invention belongs to the field of
cryopreservation agents, and particularly relates to a design method of
antifreeze polypeptide, a polypeptide-based
cryopreservation protective agent and a preparation method and application of the polypeptide-based
cryopreservation protective agent. The polypeptide-based cryopreservation protective agent comprises
antifreeze polypeptide, small molecules and a
buffer solution, and the
negative charge density of the
antifreeze polypeptide is 5-25%. The cryopreservation protective agent disclosed by the invention has good
biocompatibility. Wherein small molecules are used as a natural
osmotic pressure regulator, can enter cells to regulate
osmotic pressure balance, and can inhibit formation and growth of
ice crystals in the cells; the antifreeze polypeptide is simple in structure, so that the problem of
immunogenicity of natural
antifreeze protein is solved. The synergistic effect of the two can effectively inhibit the growth and recrystallization of
ice crystals, form a round and fine ice
crystal morphology, protect cells from mechanical damage during cryopreservation, and improve the
survival rate and function of frozen cells. As a preferable form of the invention, the erythrocytes are preserved in
liquid nitrogen by using the cryopreservation protective agent, the
survival rate of the recovered erythrocytes reaches 93%, and the morphology and
oxygen carrying functions of the erythrocytes are retained.