53 results about "Cyclovirus" patented technology

The present invention provides methods for the determination of the viral titer of a culture of host animal host cells infected with a circovirus. The FACS-based methods of the invention may include determining the viability of the host cells in a cell culture medium supernatant and of those cells that remain adherent to a solid support. Detecting and measuring the percentage of cells that expressed the viral antigens ORF1 and ORF2 may determine the viral load of the cultured host cells. The yield of the virus may be established by the detection and measurement of both antigens in supernatant cells, for example 5 to 7 days from when the host cells are transferred to a serum free medium. The methods of the invention may yield rapid quantitative data. This allows the repeated in-process monitoring of the viral production throughout the incubation period, and ready selection of the most appropriate harvesting point.

The present invention provides methods for the determination of the viral titer of a culture of host animal host cells infected with a circovirus. The FACS-based methods of the invention may include determining the viability of the host cells in a cell culture medium supernatant and of those cells that remain adherent to a solid support. Detecting and measuring the percentage of cells that expressed the viral antigens ORF1 and ORF2 may determine the viral load of the cultured host cells. The yield of the virus may be established by the detection and measurement of both antigens in supernatant cells, for example 5 to 7 days from when the host cells are transferred to a serum free medium. The methods of the invention may yield rapid quantitative data. This allows the repeated in-process monitoring of the viral production throughout the incubation period, and ready selection of the most appropriate harvesting point.

The present invention belong to veterinary new biological medicine technology field, relates to porcine circovirus type II (PCV2) inactivated vaccine of and method for preparing same. The vaccine used seed virus is porcine circovirus type II DBN-SX07 strain, the preservation number is CGMCC No 3064, the virus strain is used as antigen preparation of inactivation by alkyl agents and emulsification by adding oil adjuvant. Using the invention provided PCV2 inactivated vaccine to immune pig can generate an uniform and effective protection force-shorting PCV2 infection windows period obviously, and prolong immune duration-reducing times of booster immunization.

The invention discloses a large-scale full-suspension production method of a porcine circovirus type 2. The inventors of the invention domesticate a porcine kidney cell adaptable to large-scale serum-free full-suspension culture, which is named as sPK15-YP, is collected in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center and has the culture collection number of CGMCC NO.13846. The sPK15-YP cell adaptable to full-suspension culture is used for achieving serum-free large-scale culture of the porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), so that the conventional spinner bottle culture technology is replaced, the human resource is reduced, the product quality is improved, and the bottleneck that the virus content is low during PCV2 full-virus culture is solved; by a full-suspension sPK15-YP cell technology, a high-potency PCV2 semifinished product is prepared; by a hollow fiber method, a PCV2 virus culture solution is concentrated and purified to obtain a more pure PCV2 virus concentrated antigen. By the large-scale full-suspension production method, a solid foundation is laid for studying a PCV2 multivalent vaccine, the dosage of the vaccine is reduced, the stress of a swine herd is reduced and the immune level of the swine herd is enhanced.

A chimeric hog cyclovirus PCV1-2 is disclosed. Its configuring method include ssuch steps as using the PVC2-ORF2 of hog cyclovirus PVC2 to replace the PVC1-ORF2 of PVC1, configuring a fragment of deficiency PCV1-ORF2 genome (pSK-PVC1 delta ORF2), and linking it to a fragment of PCV2-ORF2 genome. It can be used to prevent and treat the multi system failure syndrome of delactated piglet by PCV1-2 infectious immunizing cesarean section and deprivating foremilk.

A composition for treating skin pigmentation, a method of forming the composition, and a method of treating skin pigmentation are disclosed. The composition comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable additive. The composition further comprises at least one melanin production inhibitor, which may be a depigmentation agent. The melanin production inhibitor is present in an amount effective to inhibit melanin production in human skin cells of a subject that is administered the composition. The melanin production inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of cyclovirobuxine D, lipoic acid, nuciferine, peimisine, oleuropein, Rhodiola algida extract, Rhodiola kirilowii (Regel) Maxim extract, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extract, Cirsii japonici herba extract, Platycladi semen extract, Synotis erythropappa extract, Astragali complanati semen extract, Plantaginis semen extract, Lycopi herba extract, Euryales semen extract, Cuscutae semen extract, Amomi fructus extract, Tara seed extract, Platycladi cacumen extract, Eucommiae cortex extract, Dioscoreae rhizoma extract, Cirsii herba extract, and combinations thereof.

The invention discloses colloidal gold rapid diagnosis test paper of a porcine 2 type torque teno virus antibody and a preparation method thereof. The test paper comprises a PVC (Poly Vinyl Chloride) baseplate, a sample pad, a colloidal gold combination pad, a nitrocellulose membrane and water absorbing filter paper, wherein the sample pad, the colloidal gold combination pad, the nitrocellulose membrane and the water absorbing filter paper are sequentially arranged on the PVC baseplate in the chromatography direction; one end of the sample pad is folded at the front end of the colloidal gold combination pad; the back end of the colloidal gold combination pad is folded at one end of the nitrocellulose membrane; the front end of the water absorbing filter paper is folded at the other end of the nitrocellulose membrane; a detection line and a quality control line are respectively sprayed on the nitrocellulose membrane; and the colloidal gold combination pad is composed of a layer of nitrocellulose membrane and rTTSuV2ORF1' colloidal gold sprayed on the nitrocellulose membrane. The colloidal gold rapid diagnosis test paper of the porcine 2 type torque teno virus antibody, disclosed by the invention, is capable of rapidly detecting the TTSuV2 antibody and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use and good sensitivity and specificity.

The invention relates to construction of a PCV (Porcine Circovirus) double subtype ORF2 co-expression vector and vaccine preparation, in particular to an immunogenic composition, a preparation method and pharmaceutical purposes thereof, and a kit containing the immunogenic composition. The immunogenic composition contains Cap proteins coded by PCV2a ORF2 and Cap proteins coded by PCV2b ORF2. The invention also relates to the PCV double subtype ORF2 co-expression vector, a recombinant shuttle plasmid and recombinant baculoviruses containing the porcine circoviruses namely the PCV2a ORF2 and the PCV2b ORF2. The immunogenic composition can prevent and control the PCV more effectively and more comprehensively, the one-injection double-prevention effect is achieved, the comprehensive protection effect is provided, the number of immune times can be decreased, and the immune cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a primer pair for detecting pigeon torque teno viruses. The nucleotide sequence of the primer pair is represented by SEQID NO:2 and SEQ ID NO:3. The invention also discloses a nucleotide sequence of the pigeon torque teno viruses and a preparation method for the nucleotide sequence. The nucleotide sequence of the virus is obtained by performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the primer pair and is represented by SEQ ID NO:1. The invention also discloses a detection kit which comprises the primer pair and is used for detecting the pigeon torque teno viruses and a detection method. According to the primer pair for detecting the pigeon torque teno viruses, on the basis of a specific primer pair, a PCR condition is optimized; the nucleotide sequence of the pigeon torque teno viruses is amplified; and a detection condition and a detection system are optimized, so that the kit for detecting the virus is prepared. The kit is relatively high in specificity and stability; the sensitivity of the kit is up to 5 pg; and the kit can quickly and accurately detect the pigeon torque teno viruses. The kit can be used as an effective tool for quickly detecting the pigeon torque teno viruses.

The invention relates to a method for preparing porcine circovirus type 2 inactivated vaccine by utilizing a bioreactor, wherein the bioreactor is a riptide type bioreactor; a circulatory system is composed of a perfusion bag and a riptide bag; a cell culture bag is built in the perfusion bag; a paper carrier is in the cell culture bag; and the method comprises the following steps of: culturing PK-15 cells; inoculating porcine circovirus type 2; culturing the porcine circovirus type 2, measuring sugar consumption by taking a virus maintenance solution, and obtaining a virus solution when the sugar consumption is decreased; and preparing the porcine circovirus type 2 inactivated vaccine. The method for preparing the porcine circovirus type 2 inactivated vaccine by utilizing the riptide type bioreactor disclosed by the invention is small in production site, low in labour intensity, relatively lower in production cost, simple in operation, low in inter-batch difference, and high and steady in product quality; full-automatic micro-computer control can be achieved; and the prepared porcine circovirus type 2 inactivated vaccine is good in safety, high in immune efficacy and low in side effect and has the better immune protective effect on virulent attack of porcine circovirus type 2.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese drug composition for pig and a preparation method and application thereof. The composition comprises drug substances of 6-18 parts of indigofera tinctoria by weight, 4-12 parts of Chinese amphibious knotweed rhizome by weight and 5-15 parts of Chinese mosla herb by weight. The preparation method of the composition comprises: distilling Chinese mosla herb, and collecting the distillate; adding indigofera tinctoria and Chinese amphibious knotweed rhizome in the residue and residual liquid after distillation and decocting for 2-3 times, mixing the decoctive solution and concentrating the solution to viscous liquid, adjusting an alcohol concentration of ethanol to be 60 percent to 70 percent, precipitating, filtrating and concentrating the liquor, adding ethanol and adjusting the alcohol concentration to be 75 percent to 80 percent, sequentially performing precipitation, filtration and concentration of filter liquor, and adding distilled water and refrigerating for precipitation, filtration, and concentration; and blending the distillate of Chinese mosla herb with the collected concentrated solution of indigofera tinctoria and Chinese amphibious knotweed rhizome. The Chinese drug composition can be used for preparation of traditional Chinese veterinary drug to treat blue ear pig disease, porcine circovirus infection, pseudo rabies, piglet pullorum disease of piglet, paratyphoid of piglet, pig erysipelas and edema disease of piglet. Moreover, the Chinese drug composition has the advantages of few side effect and safe and convenient use.

The invention discloses an antibacterial antivirus Chinese medicinal composition for the animal, comprising the following main medicament ingredients: scutellaria extract, honeysuckle extract, isatis root extract and glycyrrhiza extract. the pharmaceutical composition of the invention can be made into premix, injection, oral liquid or granula, also can be made into feedstuff premix adding into thefeedstuff. the chinese medicinal composition of the invention is a pure Chinese medicinal compound preparation which has the antibacterial, anti-inflammation, antivirus and immunity-reinforced functionsand wide application range, can effectively prevent and treat various livestock and poultry diseases caused by the virus and the bacteria, such as piggyyellow-white dysentery, swine plague, infectious pleuropneumonia, asthma, canker, circovirus, swine influenza, white diarrhea, newcastle disease, bursa of Fabricius, egg drop syndrome, duck serositis and the like, and has fast effect and remarkable curative effect.

The present invention provides methods for the determination of the viral titer of a culture of host animal host cells infected with a circovirus. The FACS-based methods of the invention may include determining the viability of the host cells in a cell culture medium supernatant and of those cells that remain adherent to a solid support. Detecting and measuring the percentage of cells that expressed the viral antigens ORF1 and ORF2 may determine the viral load of the cultured host cells. The yield of the virus may be established by the detection and measurement of both antigens in supernatant cells, for example 5 to 7 days from when the host cells are transferred to a serum free medium. The methods of the invention may yield rapid quantitative data. This allows the repeated in-process monitoring of the viral production throughout the incubation period, and ready selection of the most appropriate harvesting point.

The invention relates to a gene chip for a detecting porcine respiratory disease complex virus and a method for detecting the porcine respiratory disease complex virus, wherein the gene chip comprises a solid phase carrier, and an oligonucleotide probe and a quality control oligonucleotide probe which are fixed on the carrier. The oligonucleotide probe comprises DNA sequences selected from an NPS2 gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, gene among circovirus II type genome sequence 990-1500bp, gE gene and pK gene of pseudorabies, HA, NA and M genes of swine influenza virus H1N1, and HA and NA genes of swine influenza virus H3N2. After a to-be-detected sample genomic DNA is amplified and labeled by utilizing a designed primer, the gene chip is used for hybridization, and the porcine respiratory disease complex virus can be detected according to the hybridization signals. According to the gene chip and the detection technology of the gene chip, four samples and five viruses can be simultaneously detected on the same one chip, and the diagnosis efficiency can be greatly improved.

The application relates to a synthetic peptide clb-bsa of porcine circovirus type 2 and ELISA kits and immune microsphere detection reagents developed by using synthetic peptide clb-bsa, and is used for specifically detecting porcine circovirus type 2 antibodies.

The invention relates to the technical field of porcine circovirus, in particular to a porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) immune protection polypeptide, and a vaccine containing the PCV2 immune protection polypeptide. The amino acid sequence of the PCV2 immune protection polypeptide is shown in the sequence table 1-4. According to the vaccine, tests show that after 42-63 days of first immune of a vaccine of P5013 and a vaccine of P1300, the antibody titer and the neutralizing antibody titer of an ELISA antibody are remarkably increased, the lymphocyte proliferative response and IL-4 and IFN-Gamma cytokines are significantly higher than those of a control group, and the antibody level and the cellular immunity level of the vaccine group of P5013 are the highest; mice tests show that PCV2 immune response induced by the synthetic peptide vaccine of P5013 is the highest and the strongest; pig tests find that the synthetic polypeptide vaccine of P5013 can induce pigs to generate a PCV2-specific immune response, can reduce viremia caused by PCV2 virulent virus attack, alleviate the clinical symptoms and pathological lesions of viremia, and has immune protection effect on PCV2.

The invention patent relates to a diagnosis technology in the technical field of agriculture. Specific primers L1, L2 and L3 are designed automatically, and virus DNAs are extracted; on the basis, the PCR method is used for discriminating and detecting different serotypes of the porcine circovirus, the size of an estimated amplified fragment of the amplified porcine circovirus II type (PCV2) is 404bp, and the size of an estimated amplified fragment of the amplified porcine circovirus I type (PCV1) is 198bp; on the basis, a special-purpose kit is successfully developed. Compared with the prior art, the diagnosis method and the special-purpose kit have stronger specificity and sensibility, and compared with methods of virus separation, IFA and the like, the coincidence rate of the method can reach more than 90%. The amplified results of the primers for a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, a hog cholera virus, a porcine pseudorabies virus, porcine parvovirus are all feminine, and the primers can be widely used for detecting the porcine circovirus in clinical applications and laboratories.

The invention discloses a PCV3 epitope polypeptide sequence screening method. The amino acid sequences of comprised five polypeptides are respectively PCV3-1: GTPQNNKPWH; PCV3-2: SPAQQTKTMF; PCV3-3: WLQDDPYAESSTRKV; PCV3-4: MTSKKKHSRY; PCV3-5: VPEKTGMTDFYGTKE. The method uses an ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) method to detect antiserums IgG of PCV2 and PCV3, and an oligopeptide specifically combined with a PCV3 antibody is screened through the ELISA method. The screened oligopeptide provides a reliable evidence for a PCV3 subunit vaccine, a related agent used for diagnosing the infection of a circovirus 3, and an antibody for treating the infection of the circovirus 3, etc. The PCV3 epitope polypeptide sequence screening method has the advantages that the antigenicity of the screened five polypeptides are good, the epitope is identified to be held by the PCV3, the sequence is conservative, whether an animal is infected with the PCV3 is identified effectively by applying theepitope sequence, and an effective detection means is provided for the prevention of the PCV3 in future.

The invention relates to a multivalent vaccine for preventing and treating the infectious diseases of a pig, in particular to a combined vaccine for treating and preventing porcine circovirus type 2 and porcine parvovirus and a preparation method thereof. The multivalent vaccine selects and uses the porcine circovirus type 2 and the porcine parvovirus. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: culturing the porcine circovirus type 2, inactivating and concentrating; culturing the porcine parvovirus, inactivating and concentrating; mixing the two antigen components by proportion, and adding adjuvants to prepare into the vaccine. The bivalent vaccine prepared by the invention is convenient in use and is safer, and the immune effect is superior to that ofcombination of two single vaccines.

The invention relates to the field of epidemic prevention detection, in particular to a method, primer, probe and kit for detecting porcine circovirus through triple digital microdroplet PCR. According to an application of a detection target spot to detection of the porcine circovirus, the detection is a non-disease detection and diagnosis method, and the detection target spot comprises one or more of the following detection target spots: the sequence of the porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) detection target spot is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1; the sequence of a porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) detection target is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2; and the sequence of a porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) detection target is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3. Based on the advantages of ddPCR, a high-sensitivity and accurate identification and detection method for different genotypes of the porcine circovirus is established, and the method can be applied to conventional animal quarantine and quarantine monitoring and load titration of animal-derived products with low virus content and complex matrixes such as feeds, meat products and vaccines.

The invention provides a method for efficiently preparing porcine circovirus 2 type empty capsid, which comprises the following steps: cloning different viral strain lines of antigen genes cap required by forming circovirus empty capsid and artificially reconstructed cap mutant into a domestic silkworm baculovirus carrying vector to obtain a homologous recombinant vector, recombining or transpositioning the homologous recombinant vector and parent virus DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in an insect cell or bacterium to obtain recombinant baculovirus, and infecting the insect with the recombinant baculovirus containing the antigen gene; and culturing the infected insect host to express the corresponding circovirus 2 type empty capsid, determining the information required by efficiently assembling the virus empty capsid by comparison and experimentation, and obtaining a recombinant viral strain line capable of efficiently expressing and assembling virus empty capsid, thereby carrying out mass production on the circovirus 2 type empty capsid. The porcine circovirus 2 type empty capsid produced by the method can be used for preparing vaccines for preventing and treating porcine circovirus disease after being subjected to primary purification.

The invention belongs to the field of veterinary vaccines, particularly relates to a quad inactivated vaccine of PCV2-type baculovirus, swine mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, a porcine influenza virus and haemophilus parasuis and further discloses a preparation method for the quad inactivated vaccine and application of the quad inactivated vaccine. The quad inactivated vaccine disclosed by the inventioncontains inactivated protein Cap expressed by the PCV2-type baculovirus, inactivated swine mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, an inactivated porcine influenza virus H1N1subtype virus, inactivated haemophilus parasuis types 4, 5 and 13 and an adjuvant of the vaccine; four kinds of antigens are free of interference to one another, four kinds of protection can be achieved by one injection, and four kinds of epidemic diseases can be prevented through one-time immunization; and meanwhile, in view of toxic substance counteracting protection and serum antibody level, the immunization effect reaches or exceedsthat of each single commodity vaccine, the immunization duration is long, the efficacy is durable, and the quad inactivated vaccine has the advantages that the safety is good, the preparation methodis simple, the immunization is convenient, the immunization cost is reduced, and the like.

The invention relates to a chimeric virus-like particle vaccine and a preparation method therefor and application of the chimeric virus-like particle vaccine, in particular to a porcine Seneca valleyvirus and porcine circovirus-2 chimeric virus-like particle vaccine. According to the chimeric virus-like particle vaccine, sequences of VP0, VP3 and VP1 are connected in tandem for expression, wherein part of the VP3 sequences are replaced with porcine circovirus-2 ORF2 gene C-terminal epitope sequences to form a recombination sequence; the recombination sequence transfects sf9 cells after beingconstructed on recombinant bacmid for further expression to obtain porcine Seneca valley virus and porcine circovirus-2 chimeric virus-like particles. It is the first time for the invention to developthe porcine Seneca valley virus and porcine circovirus-2 chimeric virus-like particle vaccine by utilizing the chimeric virus-like particles, and the porcine Seneca valley virus and porcine circovirus-2 chimeric virus-like particle vaccine can exert a relatively good immune protection effect on the porcine Seneca valley virus and the porcine circovirus-2; and the vaccine of the invention is economical and practical, can effectively reduce the epidemic prevention cost of diseases, and provides a new method of preventing two diseases at the same time for breeding enterprises in China.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for pigs and a preparation method and application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition for pigs. The composition is prepared from, by weight 6-18 parts of Fructus Broussonetiae, 15-45 parts of Schizomussaenda Dehiscens, 9-27 parts of Radix Mahoniae and 8-24 parts of Rhapis Excelsa. The preparation method includes: mixing the four traditional Chinese medicines, adding water, soaking, decocting for 2-3 times, combining decoctions, concentrating to a thick state, using ethyl alcohol to adjust the alcohol concentrate to 60%-70%, precipitating, filtering, adding ethyl alcohol to concentrated medicine liquid to adjust the alcohol concentration to 75%-80%, precipitating, filtering, concentrating filtrate, adding distilled water, refrigerating, precipitating, filtering, and concentrating to obtain a required dosage form. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is used for preparation of Chinese veterinary drugs for treating blue ear disease, porcine circovirus disease, pseudorabies, necrotic enteritis, swine enzootic pneumonia and haemophilus parasuis and is free of evident toxic and side effects and safe and convenient to use.

The invention belongs to the technical field of virus detection, and specifically relates to a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR detection primer probe set, kit and method of porcine circovirus type 3. The detection accuracy is enhanced by designing primers on PCV3 cap protein in the invention for the first time; a fully closed tube operation is achieved in the detection method, the occurrence of false positive phenomenon is reduced, and at the same time, the high specificity of TaqMan probe technology and the high sensitivity of spectroscopy technology not only overcome the shortcoming of conventional PCR technology that can only achieve qualitative detection, but also solve the shortcoming of an SYBR Green method with poor specificity, and the detection method is more suitable for clinical testing; and the method has high sensitivity, good specificity and good reproducibility, the lowest detection limit is 11.8 copies / [mu]L, and the detection method is more sensitive than otherfluorescent quantitative PCR detection methods.

The invention discloses a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) primer group for visual detection on infection conditions of duck circovirus (DuCV) and goose circovirus (GoCV) and a method thereof. According to the method, the detection on the infection conditions of DuCV and GoCV is carried out by using dissolution curve temperature Tm value difference caused by the difference between nucleotide GC contents of DuCV and GoCV specific gene fragment regions amplified by primers, and the infection conditions of DuCV and GoCV can be subjected to visual differential diagnosis specifically by only combining the SYBR Green I based real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR primer group to difference of dissolution curve Tm values which are automatically generated after reaction is ended. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and is relatively high in efficiency and accuracy.

The invention provides a preparation method of a phage display-expressing circovirus antigen vaccine. The preparation method comprises the following steps: extracting porcine circovirus II type (PCV2) RNA, carrying out inverse transcription, carrying out a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification so as to obtain porcine II type circovirus ORF2 gene's open reading frame fragments, directionally inserting the fragments into a T4 phage; obtaining a T4 phage with the ORF2 gene by an immunoscreening method; purifying and infecting X-Blue ST1(CCTCC M 2014397) host cell again; carrying out fermental cultivation to obtain the X-Blue ST1 host cell, and carrying out inducible expression and inactivation and taking a culture as an antigen; carrying out ELISA calibration of antigen valence, and carrying out double dilution on the antigen with normal saline to the final concentration of 107U / ml; and a vaccine adjuvant is added according to the ratio of 1:2.5, so as to obtain the vaccine. According to the invention, the phage is utilized to express the porcine circovirus II type antigen and the vaccine is prepared. Thus, the virulence enhancement risk of an attenuated vaccine is avoided. In addition, fermental cultivation is beneficial to large-scale industrial production. Cost of the vaccine provided by the invention is far lower than that of a vaccine produced by a cell culture method.

A porcine circovirus type 3 virus strain and a vaccine composition prepared from the immunogenic substance of the strain are described. The porcine circovirus type 3 virus strain has good immunogenicity, and the prepared vaccine composition can provide complete protection against varies of porcine circovirus type 3 viruses from different sources.

The invention discloses a fluorescent quantitative PCR primer group and kit for detecting European eel circovirus, the kit comprises the primer group, the primer group comprises a forward primer F, a reverse primer R and a fluorescent probe Q. The kit also comprises DNA polymerase, UDG enzyme, a 2 * reaction buffer solution, a sealing solution, a positive reference substance and a negative reference substance. The kit provided by the invention can directly detect the European eel circovirus from a complex sample, has the advantages of strong specificity, high sensitivity, good experimental repeatability and convenience and rapidness in operation, can complete detection without expensive instruments, and can be used for on-site rapid and accurate detection of the European eel circovirus.