Lipids bearing fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms can be used as pharmaceuticals or nutritional supplements. In particular, such lipids are used in the treatment and / or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases, optic and
retinal degenerative diseases, demyelinating diseases, neuromuscular disorders and
muscular dystrophy, brain or
spinal cord nerve injury,
amyloid related diseases, or other chronic diseases selected from
kidney diseases, diabetes, or
asthma. The lipids can also be used as a
functional food or
food supplement for anti-aging or life-span
prolongation and
brain function improvement for human and / or animals. The
herb Ophioglossum can be used for the treatment and / or prevention of said diseases.