103 results about "Drug infusion" patented technology

A method and apparatus for treatment of heart failure, hypertension and renal failure by stimulating the renal nerve. The goal of therapy is to reduce sympathetic activity of the renal nerve. Therapy is accomplished by at least partially blocking the nerve with drug infusion or electrostimulation. Apparatus can be permanently implanted or catheter based.

Treatment of hypertension includes implantation of the discharge portion(s) of a catheter and / or electrical stimulation electrode(s) adjacent the tissue(s) to be stimulated. Stimulation pulses, i.e., drug infusion pulses and / or electrical pulses, are supplied by one or more implanted stimulators, through the catheter and possibly also a lead, tunneled subcutaneously between the stimulator and stimulation site. A microstimulator(s) may also / instead deliver electrical stimulation pulses. Stimulation sites include the carotid sinus and carotid body, among other locations. Treatments include drugs used for acute and / or chronic treatment of hypertension. In a number of embodiments, a need for or response to treatment is sensed, and the electrical and / or infusion pulses adjusted accordingly.

A method and apparatus for treatment of heart failure, hypertension and renal failure by stimulating the renal nerve. The goal of therapy is to reduce sympathetic activity of the renal nerve. Therapy is accomplished by at least partially blocking the nerve with drug infusion or electrostimulation. Apparatus can be permanently implanted or catheter based.

Introducing one or more stimulating drugs to the brain and / or applying electrical stimulation to the brain is used to treat epilepsy. At least one implantable system control unit (SCU) produces electrical pulses delivered via electrodes implanted in the brain and / or drug infusion pulses delivered via a catheter implanted in the brain. The stimulation is delivered to targeted brain structures to adjust the activity of those structures. The small size of the SCUs of the invention allow SCU implantation directly and entirely within the skull and / or brain. Simplicity of the preferred systems and methods and compactness of the preferred system are enabled by the modest control parameter set of these SCU, which do not require or include a sensing feature.

A local renal delivery system includes a flow isolation assembly and a local injection assembly. The flow isolation assembly in one mode is adapted to isolate only a partial flow region along the outer circumference along the aorta wall such that fluids inject there are maintained to flow substantially into the renal arteries. Various types of flow isolation assemblies and local injection assemblies are described.

Systems and methods for introducing one or more stimulating drugs and / or applying electrical stimulation to the brain to alleviate pain use at least one implantable system control unit (SCU), producing electrical pulses delivered via electrodes implanted in the brain and / or producing drug infusion pulses, wherein the stimulation is delivered to targeted areas in the brain. In some embodiments, one or more sensed conditions are used to adjust stimulation parameters.

A generic model structure captures basic characteristics in BIS-based patients' responses to anesthesia and surgical stimulation, the model being used in combination with the insight of an anesthesiologist. The model structure represents the patient response with a time delay, a time constant for response speed, and a nonlinear function for drug sensitivity. Clinical data confirms the model structure and is used to establish parameters and function forms for individual patients. A feedback and predictive control strategy for anesthesia drug infusion is then introduced on the basis of the patient model. Feedback control alone cannot avoid large fluctuations in BIS values when significant surgical stimulation is imposed, as a result of time delays in a patient's response to drug infusion. Predictive control attenuates fluctuations of BIS levels from surgical stimulation.

The application discloses a drug infusion system comprising a base and a drug dispenser. The base is configured to receive a cannula that delivers a drug to beneath a wearer's skin. The base is attachable to the skin of the wearer. The reusable drug dispenser is removably attachable to the base and has a pump unit configured to establish fluid communication between a removably attachable drug reservoir and the cannula. The pump unit pumps the drug to the wearer upon activation by the wearer. The pump unit may have an inlet to contact the drug within the reservoir, which may be a needle. The pump unit may also have a receiving unit to receive the reservoir. Such a receiving unit may be a tubular for a cylindrical reservoir, or may have a cavity or an encasing unit to hold the reservoir.

When using a drug container having an identification tag fixed or detachably provided at a predetermined position of the container, the tag having drug data on a kind and a concentration of a drug and both or one of upper and lower limits of a flow rate on a continuous infusion and the upper and lower limits, time and flow rate on a one-shot administration recorded thereon, it is possible to ensure safety by prompting for a stop of injection by a warning when a setting beyond the upper and lower limits is performed and rewrite a liquid infusing time and a flow rate and so on required to be set according to symptoms of a patient.

System and methods for introducing one or more stimulating drugs and / or applying electrical stimulation to the cortex of the brain to treat movement disorders uses at least one implantable system control unit (SCU), specifically an implantable signal / pulse generator (IPG) or microstimulator with two or more electrodes in the case of electrical stimulation, and an implantable pump with one or more infusion outlets in the case of drug infusion. In certain embodiments, a single SCU provides both electrical stimulation and one or more stimulating drugs. In some embodiments, one or more sensed conditions are used to adjust stimulation parameters.

Apparatus and method detect a detection cluster that is associated with a neurological event, such as a seizure, of a nervous system disorder and update therapy parameters that are associated with a treatment therapy. The occurrence of the detection cluster is detected when the maximal ratio exceeds an intensity threshold. If the maximal ratio drops below the intensity threshold for a time interval that is less than a time threshold and subsequently rises above the intensity threshold, the subsequent time duration is considered as being associated with the detection cluster rather than being associated with a different detection cluster. Consequently, treatment of the nervous system disorder during the corresponding time period is in accordance with one detection cluster. Treatment therapy may be provided by providing electrical stimulation, drug infusion or a combination. Therapy parameters may be updated for each mth successive group of applications of the treatment therapy or for each nth detection cluster.

An adjustable infusion injection apparatus which is designed to be used in conjunction with a surgically implanted infusate injection port. The apparatus utilizes a catheter assembly and an introducer needle assembly. The catheter assembly is to be installed on the skin of the patient in alignment with the port and the introducer needle is to be inserted in conjunction with the catheter assembly to insert a catheter within an internal chamber of the port and then the introducer needle is then removed with the catheter to then be used to inject medication from an inlet tube. During installation a movable portion of said catheter assembly can be moved to abuttingly be in contact with the skin of the patient.

This document discusses, among other things, systems and methods that detect hypotension based on a measurement of thoracic impedance. It also provides an alert, a logging, or a therapy to treat the hypotension. Examples of anti-hypotension therapies include, among other things, pacing therapy, neural stimulation therapy, drug infusion therapy, or gene therapy.

Systems and methods for introducing one or more stimulating drugs and / or applying electrical stimulation to tissue affecting the penis to treat erectile dysfunction (for instance, following prostate surgery) uses at least one implantable system control unit (SCU) producing electrical pulses delivered via electrodes and / or producing drug infusion pulses, wherein the stimulating drug(s) are delivered via one or more pumps and infusion outlets.

The invention provides a drug delivery infusion device comprising an injection means (18) in fluid connection with a drug reservoir chamber (12) and pressure-generation means (10) coupled to both the drug reservoir (12) and to a liquid-filled control chamber (13), wherein the coupling is such that the liquid-filled control chamber (13) serves to constrain the motion of the pressure-generation means (10), thereby controlling the drug infusion rate, wherein the liquid-filled control chamber (13) is associated with means for controlled depletion of the liquid therein whereby depletion of the volume of liquid in the control chamber enables the pressure-generation means to drive the drug in the reservoir chamber therefrom for infusion thereof.

The invention of this application relates generally to intravenous (IV) infusion of drugs to patients, and more particularly to aspects of an IV infusion system comprising an infusate cassette and an infusate container. The present invention provides a drug infusion cassette that incorporates a strong vial spike that may be non-metal, a means for sheathing the spike when it is not in use, an anti-free flow device, and other beneficial features such as an air entrainment lockout mechanism, quality assurance tags, stopcocks made of soft materials and means of securing tubing to the cassette with a minimum of individual parts. The drug cassette can be used with an automated spiking mechanism comprising a motorized vial holder that holds a vial. The spike remains sheathed if the drug cassette is not fully engaged with a mating surface of devices such as a pumping unit or a sedation and analgesia delivery system.

Various apparatuses and methods are described to treat vulnerable plaque with the use of combination drug therapy. In one embodiment, the apparatus has an elongated catheter body adapted for insertion in a body lumen, with a drug delivery device attached near a distal portion of the elongated body. The drug delivery device is configured to deliver a therapeutic or biologically active agent to stabilize a vulnerable plaque. In another embodiment, a drug eluting stent is delivered and deployed in conjunction with a second apparatus that delivers drug in pressurized retrograde perfusion. Still another embodiment uses a uniquely shaped balloon to deploy a stent while utilizing a drug infusion needle to inject drug into the vessel wall through a hollow guide wire.

Apparatus and method detect a detection cluster that is associated with a neurological event, such as a seizure, of a nervous system disorder and update therapy parameters that are associated with a treatment therapy. The occurrence of the detection cluster is detected when the maximal ratio exceeds an intensity threshold. If the maximal ratio drops below the intensity threshold for a time interval that is less than a time threshold and subsequently rises above the intensity threshold, the subsequent time duration is considered as being associated with the detection cluster rather than being associated with a different detection cluster. Consequently, treatment of the nervous system disorder during the corresponding time period is in accordance with one detection cluster. Treatment therapy may be provided by providing electrical stimulation, drug infusion or a combination. Therapy parameters may be updated for each mth successive group of applications of the treatment therapy or for each nth detection cluster.

A method and apparatus for treatment of heart failure, hypertension and renal failure by stimulating the renal nerve. The goal of therapy is to reduce sympathetic activity of the renal nerve. Therapy is accomplished by at least partially blocking the nerve with drug infusion or electrostimulation. Apparatus can be permanently implanted or catheter based.

An automatic injection apparatus uses non-continuous fluid-flow of drugs to identify an intended injection site and includes a drive mechanism, a sensor and a controller for establishing fluid flow and pressure and preventing fluid flow until the pressure drops below a predetermined threshold. The pressure threshold is determined based on an internal pressure generated during an injection and more fluid will not flow until it drops below a predetermined pressure. An injection is performed to establish an initial pressure threshhold and then to stop the fluid flow into a patient until the pressure drops below a predetermined pressure which allows fluid flow to resume, thus identifying a fluid filled tissue space. The initial pressure threshold is used as a control parameter to a microprocessor below which controls the rate of injection. Fluid flows below certain pressures are also used to identify a specific location within the body during injections.

A sympatholytic cardiovascular agent delivered by a drug delivery pump to a central nervous system site to alleviate symptoms of acute or chronic cardiac insult or impaired cardiac performance. The drug delivery pump can be external or implantable infusion pump (IIP) coupled with a drug infusion catheter extending to the site. A patient activator can command delivery of a dosage and / or an implantable heart monitor (IHM) coupled with a sensor can detect physiologic parameters associated with cardiac insult or impaired cardiac performance and trigger dosage delivery. The IIP and IHM can be combined into a single implantable medical device (IMD) or can constitute separate IMDs that communicate by any of known communication mechanisms. The sympatholytic cardiovascular agent is one of the group consisting of an alpha-adrenergic agonist and an alpha2-adrenergic agonist (e.g., clonidine, p-aminoclonidine, guanabenz, lidamidine, tizanidine, moxonidine, methyldopa, xylazine, guanfacine, detomidine, medetomidine, and dexmedetomidine).

Systems and methods are provided for applying electrical stimulation and / or introducing one or more stimulating drugs to the brain to treat or prevent aphasia, including through use of at least one system control unit (SCU) for controlling electrical pulses delivered via electrodes implanted in the brain and / or for producing drug infusion pulses to targeted areas in the brain.

A sympatholytic cardiovascular agent delivered by a drug delivery pump to a central nervous system site to alleviate symptoms and otherwise treat heart failure (HF) and pathologies associated with HF. The drug delivery pump can be external or implantable infusion pump (IIP) coupled with a drug infusion catheter extending to the site. A patient activator can command delivery of a dosage and / or an implantable heart monitor (IHM) coupled with a sensor can detect physiologic parameters associated with HF (or pathologies associated with HF) and trigger dosage delivery. The IIP and IHM can be combined into a single implantable medical device (IMD) or can constitute separate IMDs that communicate by any of known communication mechanisms. The sympatholytic cardiovascular agent is one of the group consisting of an alpha-adrenergic agonist and an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, e.g., clonidine, p-aminoclonidine, guanabenz, lidamidine, tizanidine, moxonidine, methyldopa, xylazine, guanfacine, detomidine, medetomidine, and dexmedetomidine.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for the treatment of heart failure (both systolic and diastolic), hypertension, and arrhythmia in patients by stimulating one or more nerves, particularly peripheral nerves, using neurostimulation are described. The therapeutic treatment is accomplished by applying electrical signals to at least one or more nerves using cutaneous, subcutaneous, implantable, or catheter-based neurostimulation assemblies, alone or in combination with one or more additional therapy or stimulation devices associated with the patient's heart, and / or with one or more therapeutic drug infusions or therapies, such as immune modulation therapy (IMT).

Thrombolytic and / or anticoagulation therapy of the present invention includes implantation of the discharge portion(s) of a catheter and, optionally, one or more electrodes on a lead, adjacent tissue(s) to be stimulated. Stimulation pulses, i.e., drug infusion pulses and optional electrical pulses, are supplied by a stimulator implanted remotely, and through the catheter or lead, which is tunneled subcutaneously between the stimulator and stimulation site. Stimulation sites include the coronary arteries, coronary veins, cerebral arteries, other blood vessels, chambers of the heart, mesenteric vessels, deep vessels of the leg, and other locations. Disclosed treatments include drugs used for chronic treatment and / or prevention of thromboembolic disease, for acute treatment of thromboembolic disease, for acute treatment of thrombosis, and combinations of these. The invention reduces or eliminates the incidence of thromboembolic disease and related morbidities, improve symptoms resulting from thromboembolic disease, and improve patient quality of life.

Systems and methods for introducing one or more stimulating drugs and / or applying electrical stimulation to tissue affecting the penis to treat erectile dysfunction (for instance, following prostate surgery) uses at least one implantable system control unit (SCU) producing electrical pulses delivered via electrodes and / or producing drug infusion pulses, wherein the stimulating drug(s) are delivered via one or more pumps and infusion outlets.

Systems and methods for introducing one or more stimulating drugs and / or applying electrical stimulation to the brain to at least treat or prevent obesity and / or other eating disorders, as well as drug, nicotine and alcohol addiction, uses at least one system control unit (SCU) producing electrical pulses delivered via electrodes implanted in the brain and / or producing drug infusion pulses, wherein the stimulating drug(s) are delivered to targeted areas in the brain.

A system for performing an intraparenchymal drug infusion including a pump device, a delivery tube, a sensor, and a processor. The tube is fluidly coupled to the pump device, establishing an infusate pathway from the pump to an infusate exit port of the delivery tube. The sensor is positioned to sense a parameter indicative of pressure in the infusate pathway. Finally, the processor is programmed to generate information indicative of infusate delivery effectiveness of a drug infusion procedure based upon information from the sensor. In some embodiments, the processor generates a net infusion pressure profile, such as a pressure-time curve, and prompts display of the pressure profile to a neurosurgeon for subsequent evaluation of infusate delivery effectiveness.

The present invention is directed to a drug delivery pump apparatus, which comprises: (a) an expandable and contractible enclosure having an interior volume that defines a medication reservoir; (b) one or more electroactive polymer actuators; (c) a medication outlet port providing fluid communication between the interior volume of the contractible and expandable enclosure and an exterior of the delivery pump apparatus; and (d) a control unit electrically coupled to the one or more actuators and sending control signals to the same. The one or more electroactive polymer actuators act to reduce the interior volume of the contractible and expandable enclosure based upon the received control signals. The present invention is also directed to a method of delivering a liquid therapeutic agent to a patient. The method comprises: (a) providing the above infusion pump apparatus; (b) placing the outlet port of the infusion pump apparatus in fluid communication with a patient; and (c) sending the control signals to the one or more actuators to reduce the internal volume of the contractible and expandable enclosure, thereby forcing a portion of the liquid therapeutic agent within the medication reservoir through the outlet port and into the patient.