The invention relates to the technical field of resources and environments, in particular to a method for controlling
rumen microorganisms to stably produce
methane in vitro, which comprises the following steps: regulating and controlling a
nitrogen-rich substrate to account for 50-75% of the total
dry weight of a
system, reducing ORP (oxidation-
reduction potential) to below 350mV, and enriching hydrolytic acidification
bacteria Clostridium and methanogenic
bacteria Methanosarcina; the pH value is adjusted to 6.9 to 7.5, and the
glycolysis and Enter-Doudoroff pathway flux is improved; by taking propionic acid
metabolism delta Gpropanoate less than or equal to 42 kJ / mol and
butyric acid metabolism delta Gbutanoate less than or equal to 90 kJ / mol as a stable judgment standard, regulating and controlling CO2
partial pressure and enhancing the expression of an
acetic acid nutritional type
methanogen gene mtaABC and a
hydrogen nutritional type
methanogen gene mtrH, wherein the
acetic acid metabolism delta Gpropanoate is less than or equal to 42 kJ / mol and the
butyric acid metabolism delta Gbutanoate is less than or equal to 90 kJ / mol; for the condition that the indexes do not reach the standard, optimization is carried out by increasing the proportion of
nitrogen-rich substrates and regulating and controlling the
hydrogen partial pressure to be 24.41 kPa or below. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the
methane yield is stably improved and the activity of hemicellulase and
cellulase is remarkably enhanced by regulating and controlling microbial communities, metabolic pathways and
functional genes, so that the problem of
methane yield fluctuation caused by improper in-vitro
domestication is effectively solved, and a reliable technical scheme is provided for efficiently converting
cellulose biomass into biological methane.