843 results about "Fluoride salt" patented technology

A method of continuously forming carbon-based films on substrates includes: (i) forming a carbon-based film on a substrate in a reactor a pre-selected number of times; (ii) exciting an inert gas, an oxygen gas, and a nitrogen tri-fluoride gas to generate a plasma for cleaning; (iii) cleaning an inside of the reactor with the plasma after step (i) to remove particles accumulated during step (i) on the inside of the reactor.

The present invention relates to dilute fluoride solutions and methods for cleaning plasma etch residue from semiconductor substrates including such dilute solutions. The compositions and methods according to the invention can advantageously provide both cleaning efficiency and material compatibility.

A corrosion resistant member to be exposed to a halogen-containing gas atmosphere or a halogen-containing gas plasma atmosphere, comprising a substrate and a plurality of layers deposited thereon including a layer of rare earth fluoride providing the outermost surface and a layer of rare earth oxide having a porosity of less than 5% underlying the rare earth fluoride layer.

The present invention provides high capacity and high voltage Li-ion batteries that have a carbonaceous cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution comprising LiF salt and an anion receptor that binds the fluoride ion. The batteries can comprise dual intercalating electrode Li ion batteries. Methods of the present invention use a cathode and electrode pair, wherein each of the electrodes reversibly intercalate ions provided by a LiF salt to make a high voltage and high specific capacity dual intercalating electrode Li-ion battery. The present methods and systems provide high-capacity batteries particularly useful in powering devices where minimizing battery mass is important.

The invention provides methods, apparatus and kits for regenerating dental tissue in vivo that are useful for treating a variety of dental conditions, exemplified by treatment of caries. The invention uses tissue scaffold wafers, preferably made of PGA, PLLA, PDLLA or PLGA dimensioned to fit into a hole of corresponding sized drilled into the tooth of subject to expose dental pulp in vivo. In certain embodiments the tissue scaffold wafer further comprises calcium phosphate and fluoride. The tissue scaffold wafer may be secured into the hole with a hydrogel, a cement or other suitable material. Either the wafer or the hydrogel or both contain a morphogenic agent, such as a member encoded by the TGF-β supergene family, that promotes regeneration and differentiation of healthy dental tissue in vivo, which in turn leads to remineralization of dentin and enamel. The tissue scaffold may further include an antibiotic or anti-inflammatory agent.

Disclosed are methods for treating metal substrates, including ferrous substrates, such as cold rolled steel and electrogalvanized steel. The methods include contacting the substrate with a pretreatment composition that includes: (a) a group IIIB and/or IVB metal; (b) free fluorine; (c) a metal fluoride salt formed from a metal which forms a fluoride salt having a pK_sp of at least 11; and (d) water.

Novel slurries for the chemical mechanical polishing of thin films used in integrated circuit manufacturing. A tungsten slurry of the present invention comprises an oxidizing agent, such as potassium ferricyanide, an abrasive such as silica, and has a pH between two and four. The tungsten slurry of the present invention can be used in a chemical mechanical planarization process to polish back a blanket deposited tungsten film to form plugs or vias. The tungsten slurry can also be used to polish copper, tungsten silicide, and titanium nitride. A second slurry, which is a 9:1 dilution of the tungsten slurry is ideal for chemical mechanical polishing of titanium nitride films. A third slurry of the present invention comprises a fluoride salt, an abrasive such as silica and has a pH</=8. The third slurry can be used to polish titanium films.

Lithium ion battery positive electrode material are described that comprise an active composition comprising lithium metal oxide coated with an inorganic coating composition wherein the coating composition comprises a metal chloride, metal bromide, metal iodide, or combinations thereof. Desirable performance is observed for these coated materials. In particular, the non-fluoride metal halide coatings are useful for stabilizing lithium rich metal oxides.

In solid oxygen ion conducting electrolytes for electrochemical cells based on magnesium oxide and calcium oxide, obtained by the addition of metal fluorides selected from elements in the groups of alkali metals and earth alkali metals to the host oxides of magnesium and calcium, conductivity values are obtained, which are comparable with those of stabilized zirconia, but the magnesium oxide and calcium oxide based oxygen ion conducting electrolytes have a superior thermodynamic stability and, therefore, can operate at much lower oxygen concentrations in comparison with other oxygen ion conducting electrolytes and without becoming noticeably electronically conductive.

A method for preparing fluorinated organic compounds wherein at least one fluorinated olefin is reacted with methyl fluoride in the gas-phase and in the presence of a Lewis Acid catalyst to form at least one product having at least 3 carbon atoms.

A novel method for high power optical amplification of ultrashort pulses in IR wavelength range (0.7-20 Ãm) is disclosed. The method is based on the optical parametric chirp pulse amplification (OPCPA) technique where a picosecond or nanosecond mode locked laser system synchronized to a signal laser oscillator is used as a pump source or alternatively the pump pulse is created from the signal pulse by using certain types of optical nonlinear processes described later in the document. This significantly increases stability, extraction efficiency and bandwidth of the amplified signal pulse. Further, we disclose five new practical methods of shaping the temporal and spatial profiles of the signal and pump pulses in the OPCPA interaction which significantly increases its efficiency. In the first, passive preshaping of the pump pulses has been made by a three wave mixing process separate from the one occurring in the OPCPA. In the second, passive pre-shaping of the pump pulses has been made by spectral filtering in the pump mode-locked laser or in its amplifier. In the third, the temporal shape of the signal pulse optimized for OPCPA interaction has been actively processed by using an acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter (Dazzler) or liquid crystal light modulators. In the fourth alternative method, the signal pulse intensity envelope is optimized by using passive spectral filtering. Finally, we disclose a method of using pump pulses which interact with the seed pulses with different time delays and different angular orientations allowing the amplification bandwidth to be increased. In addition we describe a new technique for high power IR optical beam delivery systems based on the microstructure fibres made of silica, fluoride or chalcogenide glasses as well as ceramics. Also we disclose a new optical system for achieving phase matching geometries in the optical parametric interactions based on diffractive optics. All novel methods of the ultrashort optical pulse amplification described in this disclosure can be easily generalized to other wavelength ranges.

Disclosed is a method of preparing a micro-structured powder for bonded magnets having high coercivity, which is advantageous in terms of low preparation costs by recycling magnet scraps, simplified mass production, minimal environmental contamination by such a recycling process, and the preparation of stable anisotropic powders having high coercivity. Further, a magnet powder prepared by the above method is provided. The current method is characterized in that R—Fe—B type anisotropic sintered magnets or scraps thereof are crushed to prepare 50-500 μm sized magnet powders, which are then mixed with 1-10 wt % of rare earth fluoride (RF₃) powders and thermally treated at high temperatures (500-1100° C.) in a vacuum or an inert gas, to cause the change of matrix-near surface and grain boundary of the powders. Thus obtained powders include a matrix phase having R₂Fe₁₄B crystal structure, a R-rich grain boundary phase containing rare earth fluoride, and other phases, in which the matrix phase has an average grain size of 1-20 μm, and the powders have an average size of 50-500 μm with superior magnetic characteristics of (BH)max≧20 MGOe and iHc≧5 kOe.

In a rotating machine comprising a rotor including a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnet segments, and a stator including a stator core and windings, the permanent magnet segment is obtained by disposing a powder comprising an R² oxide, R³ fluoride or R⁴ oxyfluoride on a sintered magnet body of R¹—Fe—B composition, wherein R¹ to R⁴ are rare earth elements, and heat treating the powder-covered magnet body. The permanent magnet segment of a cross-sectional shape which is tapered from the center toward opposed ends has a higher coercive force at the ends than at the center.

Oral compositions are provided that comprise a propolis extract; an oral care active compound chosen from: a cationic antibacterial agent, an anti-attachment agent, a biofilm disruption agent, and an anti-inflammatory agent; and a source of fluoride ions. Further, in certain embodiments, the oral composition comprises an anionic polymeric linear polycarboxylate. The oral composition can be in a form of a mouth rinse, a dentifrice, a confectionary, a medicament, or a film. Methods of making and using the oral compositions are also provided.

A flow field plate for a fuel cell that has one or more outer layers that makes the plate more conductive and hydrophilic. In one embodiment, the coating is co-deposited as combination of a conductive material and a metal oxide coating. A suitable conductive material is gold and suitable metal oxides include SiO₂, HfO₂, ZrO₂, Al₂O₃, SnO₂, Ta₂O₅, Nb₂O₅, MoO₂, IrO₂, RuO₂ and mixtures thereof. The conductive material and metal oxide can also be deposited as two separate layers, where the metal oxide is the outer layer. According to another embodiment, a metal layer is deposited on the plate with nanopores that provide the hydrophilicity. Also, doping ions can be added to the metal oxide to provide low fluoride solubility of the coating to control the rate that hydrofluoric acid etches away the oxide layer.

Aqueous, silicate free, cleaning compositions of about pH 9 or below and method of using the cleaning compositions for cleaning microelectronic substrates, which compositions are able to essentially completely clean such substrates and produce essentially no metal corrosion of the metal elements of such substrates. The aqueous cleaning compositions of this invention have (a) water, (b) at least one of ammonium and quaternary ammonium ions and (c) at least one of hypophosphite (H₂PO₂⁻) and/or phosphite (HPO₃²⁻) ions. The cleaning compositions also may contain fluoride ions. Optionally, the composition may contain other components such as organic solvents, oxidizing agent, surfactants, corrosion inhibitors and metal complexing agents.

A composition and method using same for removing photoresist and/or processing residue from a substrate are described herein. In one aspect, there is provided a composition for removing residue consisting essentially of: an acidic buffer solution having an acid selected from a carboxylic acid or a polybasic acid and an ammonium salt of the acid in a molar ratio of acid to ammonium salt ranging from 10:1 to 1:10; an organic polar solvent that is miscible in all proportions in water; a fluoride, and water wherein the composition has a pH ranging from about 3 to about 7.

A flux cored wire for duplex stainless steel and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The flux cored wire can include a sheath and a flux filled into the sheath. The flux cored wire comprises about 24.0-30.0 wt % Cr, about 7.0-10.5 wt % Ni, about 2.0-4.0 wt % Mo, about 0.10-2.50 wt % Cu, about 0.40-1.00 wt % Si, about 1.5-3.0 wt % Mn, about 0.10-0.30 wt % N compound (converted value of N), and the remainder including Fe and inevitable impurities on the basis of the total weight of the wire. The flux comprises about 6.50-12.00 wt % of TiO₂+SiO₂+ZrO₂+Al₂O₃, about 0.10-0.50 wt % of Li₂O+K₂O+Na₂O, about 0.10-2.00 wt % of the other oxides, and about 0.10-0.50 wt % of metal fluoride (converted value of F) on the basis of the total weight of the wire. The flux can be filled into the sheath at a ratio of about 26-35%.

A metal-air battery includes a housing having an aperture for the passage of air and a pair of electrodes that extend from the housing. An air cathode may be interconnected with one of the electrodes and an anode may include a metal foil that is interconnected with another of the electrodes. A separator may be interposed between the air cathode and the metal foil and a barrier layer may surround the metal foil. The barrier layer may function to substantially reduce the passage of moisture to the metal foil. A method of making a metal-air battery is also presented.