152 results about "Forensic science" patented technology

We present a micro-x-ray fluorescence (XRF) system having a high-brightness x-ray illumination system with high x-ray flux and high flux density. The higher brightness is achieved in part by using x-ray target designs that comprise a number of microstructures of x-ray generating materials fabricated in close thermal contact with a substrate having high thermal conductivity. This allows for bombardment of the targets with higher electron density or higher energy electrons, which leads to greater x-ray flux. The high brightness/high flux x-ray source may then be coupled to an x-ray optical system, which can collect and focus the high flux x-rays to spots that can be as small as one micron, leading to high flux density at the fluorescent sample. Such systems may be useful for a variety of applications, including mineralogy, trace element detection, structure and composition analysis, metrology, as well as forensic science and diagnostic systems.

The invention belongs to the field of forensic medicine genetics and in particular relates to a forensic medicine compound detection kit based on a Y chromosome SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) genetic marker for individual recognition and genetic relationship identification by a legal medical expert. The forensic medicine compound detection kit provided by the invention is used for carrying out forensic medicine genetic relationship identification and individual recognition on human biology detection materials by utilizing a Y chromosome SNP genetic marker. According to the technical scheme for solving the technical problem, the forensic medicine compound detection kit based on the Y chromosome SNP genetic marker comprises a separated and packaged compound amplification primer mixture, a multiple single-basic-group extension reaction primer mixture, an allele typing standard mixture, a compound amplification reaction mixture and a single-basic-group extension reaction mixture. The kit provided by the invention can be applied to detection of common degradable materials in forensic medicine.

The invention relates to the field of medical jurisprudence inspection, in particular to a diatom inspection method in medical jurisprudence. The method at least comprises the following steps: (1) microwave digestion: adding concentrated nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide solution into the inspected sample to carry out microwave digestion; (2) vacuum filtration: carrying out vacuum filtration on the digestion solution, adding ultrapure water, carrying out vacuum filtration continually until the surface of the filter membrane is approximately neutral, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out vacuum filtration to remove moisture from the filter membrane; (3) a scanning electron microscope automatically takes pictures and stores the pictures; and (4) qualitative and quantitative analysis on diatom: carrying out inspection, classification and statistic treatment on the diatom in the on-spot pictures in an artificial identification way or computer automated identification way. The invention has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, high accuracy of qualitative and quantitative analysis, simpleness, high efficiency and environmental protection, can effectively avoid pollution, greatly improves the working environment for diatom inspection technicians in medical jurisprudence, and reduces the labor intensity, thereby having wide application prospects in drowning diagnosis practice in medical jurisprudence.

The invention belongs to the field of forensic medicine, and in particular relates to a medicolegal composite assay kit based on twenty triallelic SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) genetic markers. The kit consists of a composite amplification primer mixture, a multiple single-base extension reaction primer mixture, an allelic typing reference material mixture, a composite amplification reaction mixed liquor and a single-base extension reaction mixed liquor, which are packed in a separate way. The kit can quickly and exactly obtain the typing of twenty triallelic SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) genetic markers of a biologic assay material at one time to ensure the individual source of the assay material and provide a new technical means for the personal identification by a composite amplification reaction and a multiple single-base extension reaction in a single pipe and a capillary electrophoresis platform generally used in a medicolegal heredity lab. Therefore, the kit has good application prospect in the field of forensic medicine.

The invention relates to a forensic medical diatom detection automation method, comprising the following steps: the building of a diatom scanning electron microscope image database, the building of a diatom automation recognition system and the diatom automation detection process in a water sample and a corpse visceral organ are sequentially carried out; wherein the diatom automation detection process in the water sample and the corpse visceral organ comprises the following steps: (1) microwave digestion and vacuum filtration are carried out to the water sample and the visceral organ; (2) divided field images of the sample are shot one by one by an automatic scanning electron microscope; (3) image reinforcement, image cutting and binaryzation treatment are carried out to the shot sample field scanning electron microscope images by adopting a Gabor filter, and gray threshold segmentation processing and mathematical morphology processing methods; morphological structure characteristics are extracted, and match retrieval and statistical calculation are carried out in a diatom morphological structure characteristic database. The method has the characteristics of simpleness, high efficiency, environment protection, accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis, thereby having good application prospect in the forensic medical drowning diagnosis practice.

Screening conditions of SNP sites in paternity identification detection are optimized, and a multi-PCR primer group formed by SNP genetic marker sites is built according to the screening conditions. Human paternity identification is carried out by adopting the primer group, so that the defects of non-invasive paternity identification in early pregnancy can be overcome, the accuracy is high, and the multi-PCR primer group can be applied to judicial expertise and forensic medicine study.

The invention relates to a high-throughput sequencing-based detection kit for SNP loci used for detecting 273 SNP loci (234 SNP loci are located on an autosome, 9 SNP loci are located on a Y chromosome and 30 SNP loci are located on an X chromosome). The detection kit comprises a primer composition formed by primer pairs of 273 SNP loci. The sequence of the primer composition is as shown in SEQ ID NO:1 to SEQ ID NO:546. The invention further provides a detection method using the kit, and an application of the kit in the field of judicial identification of triplet paternity test, diad paternity test, grandparent and grandchild test, siblings identification and individual recognition. Parallel sequencing is carried out on the SNP loci by adopting a high-throughput sequencing technology, and variation information of a flanking sequence can be obtained while locus information is read; sequence information of 384 samples on the 273 SNP loci can be obtained through single sequencing, so that the DNA sample capacity is reduced and the detection time is shortened; and fragment libraries are concentrated below 200bp and are suitable for forensic degradable materials.

The teaching provides a method for selectively lysing sperm cells in a mixed cell sample, particularly in the field of forensic sciences. Reagents and kits for carrying out the methods are also provided.

The invention belongs to the field of forensic medicine, and discloses a microhaplotype genetic marker for forensic detection and a kit thereof. The invention provides a genetic marker combination consisting of 21 microhaplotypes located on autosomal chromosomes. The genetic marker combination can be effectively applied to forensic detection. Compared with the traditional detection kit, the microhaplotype genetic marker for forensic detection and the kit thereof provided by the invention have high sensitivity, accurate detection result and high applicability in individual identification, can realize individual identification of human biological samples in a relatively short period of time, and wins valuable time for solving of forensic cases.

The invention belongs to the technical field of forensic science spectral measurement, and relates to a composite fluorescence imaging system applied in forensic science evidence testing, and an application method thereof. The system comprises: a light source unit, a light filtering unit, and an image collection and processing unit of a composite fluorescence imaging system. The method comprises steps that: an intensity of a multichannel light is regulated to a minimal value; a focal length of a single-lens reflex camera is adjusted, such that a visual field of an instant image displayed on aportable computer is clear; fluorescence spectral measurement is carried out upon an object requiring testing; a determined optimal light filter is placed in front of the single-lens reflex camera, and the multichannel light is regulated to an optimal wavelength and an optimal intensity; a fluorescence image of the object requiring testing is collected by a spectrometer, and the fluorescence image of the object requiring testing is shot; the fluorescence image is collected by the single-lens reflex camera under the remote controlling of the portable computer. With the system and the method provided by the invention, rapid processing of the image can be realized; the optimal exited wavelength can be selected rapidly, such that an optimal fluorescence effect can be obtained rapidly; and theimage of an object with fluorescence characteristics can be collected.

The invention provides a method for screening toxic substances in a sample by using solid phase microextraction-GC-MS. The method comprises the following steps: extracting the sample by using a mixed solution containing a water-soluble organic solvent and deionized water, and producing an extract; centrifuging the extract, collecting a supernatant and removing organic solvents in the supernatant, performing centrifuging again, collecting a supernatant, and producing a sample liquid; inserting a PDMS extraction head into the sample liquid for carrying out solid phase microextraction, after extraction, fetching out the PDMS extraction head, inserting the extraction head into the GC-MS for desorption, and analyzing the desorbed sample which enters into a chromatographic column by using a GC-MS method. According to the invention, different toxic substances of a plurality of structures in a sample can be rapidly and effectively detected, especially screening of more than 60 kinds of toxic substances can be realized by single determination with high detection efficiency; the method provided by the invention is especially suitable for fields such as forensic science and has a good praticical value.

The present invention provides a method for the isolation of sperm DNA from swabs taken from rape victims without having to perform a change in buffers. Non-sperm cells from the victim are digested with an enzyme and solubilized, and then in the same buffer an enzyme capable of digesting soluble DNA is added and the victim's DNA is degraded, leaving only the rapist's DNA intact. Since no change of buffer is needed, no centrifugation or filtration steps are needed. The inventive method has utility particularly in the forensic science field.

The invention discloses a forensic physical evidence paternity testing and individual identification parameter calculating method. The calculation of a paternity index, a biological full-sib state consistency score and an individual identification matching probability of paternity testing in forensic practice is carried out by adopting an Excel table; when parameters are calculated, a corresponding kit and a corresponding calculation formula are found; an allele is input into a corresponding locus of the Excel table to generate the parameters. The method disclosed by invention is combined with forensic physical evidence practice, and simple and easy, efficient and accurate calculation software is designed and programmed by taking genetic data of Yunnan population and kits which are commonly used in each laboratory and have stable properties as the foundation, so that the calculation of important forensic parameters including the paternity index, the biological full-sib state consistency score and the individual identification matching probability of the paternity testing in the forensic practice and the like can be solved very well, and powerful helps and technical supports are provided for more objectively and more conveniently obtaining testing opinions.

The invention relates to a method for preparing an anti-coagulation raticide bromadiolone half antigen and a complete antigen. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) adding bromadiolone and anhydrous potassium carbonate into 1,4-dioxane respectively, reacting while stirring, adding succinic anhydride, heating and refluxing; (2) pouring a mixture obtained by reacting in the step (1) into water, and precipitating a greyish-white solid out; (3) filtering, and recrystallizing with ethanol to obtain a bromadiolone half antigen; (4) adding the bromadiolone half antigen, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) into dimethylsulfoxide, adding a phosphate buffer solution of which the pH is 6-7, and stirring; and (5) dialyzing, and performing freeze drying to obtain a bromadiolone complete antigen. The preparation method provided by the invention is easy, convenient and rapid, can be applied to immune animals, can be used for preparing a monoclonal antibody of bromadiolone and establishing a rapid detection method of anti-coagulation raticide bromadiolone, and is widely applied in the fields of forensic science, clinical medicine and the like.

The invention discloses a forensic medicine diatom test method.The forensic medicine diatom test method comprises the following steps that sulfamethazine, acrylic acid, acrylamide, N'N-methylene bisacrylamide, ammonium persulfate and deionized water are taken according to a proportion and fully mixed in a beaker; after oxygen is removed with nitrogen, the mixture is poured into a sandwich space formed by two glass slides and then put into an oven at the temperature of 60 DEG C for a polymerization reaction for 3 h, and film-state imprinting hydrogel is prepared; the obtained imprinting hydrogel is soaked in a 10% acetic acid solution, template molecules sulfadimidine in the imprinting hydrogel are removed through ultrasonic oscillation, then the imprinting hydrogel is soaked in a sample to be tested for 5-10 min and then taken out, and then the imprinting hydrogel is put under an optical microscope for observation; diatom on the filter film or a shot picture is checked, classified and counted in a manual recognition mode or an automatic computer recognition mode.The forensic medicine diatom test method is high in yield, efficiency and performance cost ratio, easy to popularize, accurate in qualitative and quantitative analysis and low in labor intensity.

The invention belongs to the technical field of forensic medicine, and particularly relates to a 26 mitochondria SNP genetic markers-based forensic medical composite detection kit which is used for carrying out forensic medical personal identification on the unknown human biological samples by utilizing SNP genetic markers. The 26 mitochondria SNP genetic markers-based forensic medical composite detection kit comprises a multiplex amplification primer mixture, a multiple single base extension reactant mixture and an allele parting standard mixture, wherein the mixtures are separately packaged. According to the kit, the technologies of complex amplification in single tubes and multiple single base extension are adopted, so that the gene parting of the 26 mitochondria SNP genetic markers of the biological samples can be obtained at one time and the forensic medical personal identification can be rapidly carried out.

The invention discloses a new kind of ten STR gene loci for Y chromosome and the typing method, which is characterized in that polyacrylamide gel is utilized for electrophoresis typing; the ten STR gene loci for Y chromosome, which can be applied in forensic medicine field, are screened out with silver staining coloration method; furthermore, the allelic ladder of each locus is prepared; a PCR primer and the expansion condition of the Y chromosome STR locus are optimized; wherein the optimization to the PCR primer and the expansion condition and the preparation of allelic ladder can be standardized and simplified, which is suitable for popularization of base unit. The ten STR gene loci for Y chromosome can be applied for individual identification, paternity testing and gene diagnosis in forensic medicine, anthropology, genetics, disease and other field. The new kind of ten STR gene loci for Y chromosome and the typing method has the advantages of wide application prospect, which is particularly suitable for paternity testing in the condition of patrilateral loss such as death or missing in forensic medicine practice and individual identification of mixed stain in rape and gang-rape cases, in particular to the identification to suspect having azoospermia or oligospermia disease.

The invention belongs to the technical field of forensic medicine, and particularly relates to a forensic medicine composite detection reagent kit based on 20 triallelic SNP genetic markers and a detection method. The reagent kit is composed of a composite amplification primer mixture, a multiplex single-basic-group extension reaction primer mixture, an allelic ladder mixture, composite amplification reaction mixed liquor and single-basic-group extension reaction mixed liquor which are separately packaged. The invention further discloses the method for carrying out detection through the reagent kit. The method includes the steps of extracting sample nucleic acid, preparing a reaction system for amplification and carrying out electrophoretic analysis. By carrying out a composite amplification reaction and a multiplex single-basic-group extension reaction in a single tube and using a general capillary electrophoresis platform, the types of 20 triallelic SNP genetic markers of a biological sample can be rapidly and accurately obtained at a time, the individual source of the sample can be determined, and a new technological means can be provided for forensic personal identification. The reagent kit has good application prospects in the field of forensic medicine.

The invention relates to a method and a reagent for improving the rate of extraction of the DNAs of castoff cells in a case trace sample. Due to the problems of trace amount of case sample, keratinization of cells, multiple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) complex amplification of 16 short tandem repeat (STR) loci and the like, the extraction of the DNAs of castoff cells has long been a difficult point in forensic medicine. According to researches, the combination of pronase digestion, bath at 70 to 100 DEG C and polyethylene glycol(PEG)-ethanol magnetic bead combined system can help to effectively extract trace DNAs and to obtain DNA fragments with a proper length, so that the need of complex amplification of the 16 STR loci in case detection can be satisfied and the success rate of the case detection is improved. The pronase digestion and warm bath allow the castoff cells to release DNAs effectively and ensures the relatively complete structure of the DNAs and the easy combination of the DNAs with the magnetic beads in the PEG-ethanol system. The use of the PEG-ethanol combined system promotes the high-efficiency DNA adsorption of the magnetic beads, ensures the relatively complete structure of the DNA and ensures that DNA fragments with proper length can be obtained to satisfy the need for the complex amplification of the 16 STR loci in case detection.

The invention discloses a forensic medicine examination automatic identification system based on deep learning. The system is used for examining diatom and comprises a data acquisition module which isused for performing automatic image acquisition and image segmentation on a to-be-examined tissue sample so as to obtain a plurality of electron injection images corresponding to the tissue sample astraining data samples and output the training data samples; a data expansion module which is connected with the data acquisition module and is used for carrying out sample quantity amplification on the input training data samples based on a predetermined sample amplification method; a model iterative training module which is connected with the training data expansion module and is used for carrying out iterative training by adopting a deep learning method based on the training data sample and/or an externally input training sample to form a deep learning model; and a recognition module whichis connected with the model iterative training module and is used for carrying out diatom component inspection on the input electron injection picture based on the deep learning model, so that the full automation of the diatom inspection is realized, and the diatom inspection accuracy is improved.

The invention provides a judicial expertise/ forensic science intelligent information management system comprising a physical evidence transfer and storage management module, an identity authentication and authorization management module, an inspection equipment management module, a physical evidence and sample inspection detection tracking management module, a consumable item out-put and in-put and use management module, a storage query management module of archive file data and laboratory environment variable monitoring module. The system depends on the informatization management means, perfectly combines the Internet+, Internet of Things management technology, inspection and appraisal affairs, quality control and quality control, achieves the conversion of the quality control from static to dynamic, a traceable dynamic information chain is established, the instantaneity of control and feedback is achieved, the quality of inspection and verification is ensured, the occurrence of non-conformance terms is effectively reduced, meanwhile the management is librated from tedious manual operation, and the working efficiency is actually improved.