The invention discloses a puffed minced fish instant food, which is characterized by consisting of frozen minced fish, NaCl, ovalbumin, starch, chicken extract, ginger juice, cooking wine, granulated sugar, white pepper powder, zanthoxylum powder and foaming agent, respectively by the mass percentage concentration: 60-90, 1-3, 0.5-2, 5-25, 0.5-2, 0.5-3, 0.5-3, 0.5-2, 0.01-0.1, 0.01-0.1 and 0.5-2. The preparation method comprises the steps of: unfreezing the frozen minced fish; chopping and stirring; adding with the NaCl, the ovalbumin and the starch; seasoning; adding with the foaming agent to be formed and shaped; boiling; and finally puffing by means of microwave, vacuum microwave, vacuum frying and/or vacuum drying. The puffing rate of the puffed minced fish instant food prepared by the invention is more than 2 times, thereby having crisp mouth feel, even texture, beautiful exterior appearance, and being a popular snack food.