The invention aims at providing a primer and a probe for detecting peste des petits ruminants virus by virtue of a RPA (Recombinase Polymerase Amplification) technique. According to the primer and the probe, a forward primer sequence is represented by SEQ ID NO:1, a reverse primer sequence is represented by SEQ ID NO:2, and a probe sequence is represented by SEQ ID NO:3. According to a method, a large number of primers and probes are designed according to genomic sequences of the peste des petits ruminants virus, and a pair of primer and probe combinations capable of rapidly detecting nucleic acid of the peste des petits ruminants virus are screened out; obvious amplification curves can be obtained by carrying out rapid detection by virtue of the primer and the probe and taking nucleic acid RNA of the peste des petits ruminants virus of domestically separated Tibet strains and Xinjiang strains as a template, and no amplification curve is obtained through a reaction by taking other pathogenic nucleic acids such as foot and mouth disease virus, contagious pustular dermatitis virus, mycoplasma capricolum and bluetongue disease virus as the template.