The present disclosure relates to reagents, kits, and methods for the detection of anti-PF4 antibodies and the diagnosis of non-
heparin-induced thrombotic events including vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia. The methods provided by the present disclosure include (i) contacting a
whole blood,
plasma, or serum sample obtained from a subject with a
reagent comprising (a) a binding molecule selected from the group consisting of
platelet factor 4
protein (PF4), a fragment of PF4 capable of binding to an anti-PF4
antibody, and an anti-
idiotype antibody of an anti-
platelet factor 4
antibody (anti-PF4 antibody), and (b) a
solid support, wherein the binding molecule (a) is covalently bound to the surface of the
solid support (b), and the binding molecule (a) does not contain
heparin or a
heparin surrogate, and (ii) analyzing the sample to detect a complex formed by the
reagent and the anti-PF4 antibody, wherein detecting the complex indicates that the sample contains an anti-PF4 antibody, and includes.