The present invention belongs to the field of
biomedicine and relates to a method for designing a vaccine with enhanced
antigen presentation effect, which is mainly applied to the design and preparation of structural sequences of
nucleic acid,
protein, and polypeptide vaccines. In the present invention, a
target antigen and a ligand, such as a polypeptide or
protein domain having the function of binding or recruiting E3
ubiquitin ligase, are both encoded in the same
nucleic acid sequence. After the
nucleic acid molecule enters the
cell, fusion expression of the
antigen protein and the E3
ubiquitin ligase ligand is achieved, which promotes degradation of the
antigen protein via the
proteasome pathway, increases the number and abundance of antigen peptides containing the
antigen epitope, forms more
peptide-MHC (p-MHC) complexes, and is thus presented on the
cell surface, enhancing the subsequent immune response and exerting efficient tumor
immunotherapy. The nucleic acid, protein, and polypeptide vaccines provided by the present invention have efficient
antigen presentation effect and strong
immunogenicity, and have good prospects for clinical application.