181 results about "Protoplasm" patented technology

The invention discloses a preparation method of fresh taxus chinensis stem and leaf protoplasts. The preparation method comprises a preparation process and a purification process. The preparation method of the taxus chinensis stem and leaf protoplast is simple and easy to operate, raw materials are easy to obtain and low in price, reagent components have good biocompatibility, and the taxus chinensis stem and leaf protoplast is free of harmful components, safe and environmentally friendly. The invention provides a simple and rapid taxus chinensis stem and leaf protoplast enzymolysis preparation method, which adopts vacuum filtration, accelerates the permeation of enzymatic hydrolysate and improves the enzymolysis efficiency, so that the protoplast can be rapidly obtained. Meanwhile, high-purity separation of the protoplast is carried out in combination with density gradient sedimentation of the iodixanol solution, so that the protoplast with uniform size and complete form is obtained, and convenience is provided for scientific researches such as subsequent conversion and single cell transcriptome sequencing.

The present invention relates to the field of plant-derived cellular vesicles, and in particular of nanovesicles obtained from plant protoplasts. A method for their preparation and uses thereof in the medical, cosmetic and nutraceutical fields are described.

The invention discloses a method for site-specific replacement or insertion of DNA fragments in a plant genome, and belongs to the technical field of biology. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: editing a genome of a plant protoplast by adopting a CRISPR / Cas9 system and taking a double-stranded DNA repair template as a donor template to obtain an edited protoplast; and carrying out culture regeneration on the edited protoplast by utilizing a plant protoplast transformation method to obtain a site-directed mutagenesis plant in the genome so as to realize site-directed mutagenesis of the target plant genome. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for accurately replacing DNA in a plant genome at a fixed point. According to the invention, a recognition sequence of recombinase can be accurately inserted into a genome at a fixed point through homologous recombination, and then accurate fixed-point replacement of a gene large fragment is realized by virtue of a specific recombinase system.

The invention discloses a genetic transformation method of PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) mediated penicillium sclerotiorum strain protoplast and application of the genetic transformation method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) culturing penicillium sclerotiorum to produce spores, germinating hyphae, and collecting and cleaning fresh penicillium sclerotiorum hyphae; (2) compounding Lysing Enzymes, Yatase, cellulase and pectinase to prepare a protoplast enzymatic hydrolysate, and then adding the protoplast enzymatic hydrolysate into the penicillium sclerotiorum hypha for enzymolysis to obtain a penicillium sclerotiorum protoplast; and (3) adding plasmids to be transformed into the penicillium sclerotiorum protoplast, and carrying out PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) mediated transformation and resistance screening to obtain a penicillium sclerotiorum protoplast transformant. According to the method, the number and regeneration rate of the protoplast can be remarkably increased, and the enzymolysis time can be effectively shortened.

The present invention relates generally to the field of molecular biology and concerns a method for high throughput screening and characterization of one or more candidate plant pathogen effect genes and / or one or more candidate plant disease resistance genes in a single plant cell, the method comprises: (i) introducing into a plant protoplast one or more expression cassettes comprising at least one candidate plant pathogen effect gene and / or at least one candidate plant disease resistance gene; (ii) transiently expressing the one or more candidate plant pathogen effect genes and / or the one or more candidate plant disease resistance genes; (iii) measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the protoplast; then (iv) separating the plant protoplast producing the ROS; and (v) identifying the introduced at least one candidate plant pathogen effect gene and / or at least one candidate plant disease resistance gene. Alternatively, the protoplast is capable of expressing the selectable marker, thereby allowing for the measurement of modulated selectable marker expression as an alternative indicator for HR activation.

The invention discloses a plant gene editing system and method for delivering CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) / Cas9 based on mobile RNA (ribonucleic acid). The system does not depend on tissue regeneration or protoplast culture, Cas9 and gRNA are remotely delivered from the root to enter the overground part by fusing a CRISPR / Cas9 gene editing carrier of a tRNA-like sequence (TLS) movable motif and combining a hairy root transformation system, target gene editing is completed, and heritable gene editing seeds can be obtained at the current generation. The method comprises the following steps: 1, constructing a movable CRISPR / Cas9 gene editing fusion vector, wherein the movable CRISPR / Cas9 gene editing fusion vector comprises a target vector, an intermediate vector and an editing vector; and 2, application of the agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated plant hairy root transformation system. And 3, detecting the mobility and editing type of the movable editing carrier. And 4, gene function verification application. The system greatly breaks through the bottlenecks of difficult plant genetic transformation and long time consumption of precise breeding, and provides theoretical basis and technical support for gene function research and germplasm innovation of important agronomic traits of plants.

The invention discloses a method and a device suitable for CUAMP. The invention discloses a method for extracting liriodendron tulipifera cell nucleuses by a Tag technology and application of the liriodendron tulipifera cell nucleuses. Hybridized liriodendron tulipifera calluses are used as materials, and protoplasts are released through enzymolysis solution vacuumizing and mild enzymolysis for 1.5 h; the method comprises the following steps: sequentially purifying by using a W5 solution and mannitol, detecting the activity by FDA, cracking by using an NE buffer solution, and washing by using a Wash buffer solution in two steps, thereby obtaining 2 * 10 < 6 >-3 * 10 < 6 > high-purity and high-integrity cell nucleuses. The obtained core is clean in background and complete in membrane structure, and can be directly used for CUTamp; tag is used for building a library, so that the magnetic bead capturing efficiency is improved by 46%, and protein-DNA interaction high-throughput sequencing under the condition of low sample size is realized. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient to operate and good in repeatability, and provides key technical support for epigenetic research of rare tree species such as liriodendron tulipifera.

The invention discloses a female-breeding primary pulp composition based on a seed circulation method and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of functional foods.The female-breeding primary pulp composition is prepared from, by weight, 15%-25% of organic flaxseeds, 15%-25% of organic black beans, 10%-20% of figs, 10%-20% of soybeans, 5%-15% of the root of kudzu vine, 5%-15% of pumpkin seeds and 2%-8% of lycium ruthenicum. The invention also provides a preparation method of the female-nourishing protoplasm composition and application of the female-nourishing protoplasm composition in functional food for regulating the balance of female estrogen and progestational hormone. According to the female-nourishing puree composition based on the seed circulation method, various medicinal and edible raw materials are selected and scientifically compounded, a special processing technology is adopted for wall breaking and effect releasing, and the ready-to-drink puree which can be drunk fixedly every day so as to realize synchronous balance adjustment of estrogen and progesterone is prepared; the pain points of high cycle dependence, low absorption rate and inconvenience in use of the traditional method are fundamentally solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial genetic transformation, and particularly relates to a method for high-yield production of pleurotus ostreatus transformants, a genetic transformation system and application of the genetic transformation system. Through optimization of protoplast preparation conditions, the number of the obtained protoplast is 4.95 * 10 < 8 > CFU.mL <-1 >, and the regeneration rate of the protoplast in an OM-YEPS regeneration culture medium is 12.7%. A method for producing high-yield pleurotus ostreatus transformants is researched by using a PEG-mediated protoplast transformation method, a set of efficient and stable genetic transformation and screening method is established, about 200-300 positive transformants with stably expressed exogenous genes are obtained, and the transformation efficiency is 65.38%. The genetic transformation system of the high-yield Pleurotus ostreatus transformant, constructed by the invention, lays a solid technical foundation for subsequent gene function verification, metabolic engineering transformation and molecular breeding with excellent characters, and further accelerates the biological research and industrial application process of Pleurotus ostreatus and even other macro fungi.

This invention discloses a gene editing method and application for *Trichoderma reesei* based on a ribonucleoprotein complex. It aims to overcome the problems of low editing efficiency, easy generation of heterozygotes, and risk of exogenous DNA integration in *Trichoderma reesei* using plasmid-based CRISPR / Cas9 systems. This invention combines a dual-site cleavage strategy guided by double sgRNAs with direct RNP delivery. The method involves: designing two guide RNAs spaced 50-700 bp apart for the target gene, pre-assembling them with Cas9 protein in vitro to form an active RNP complex; delivering this complex along with exogenous donor DNA to *Trichoderma reesei* protoplasts. The exogenous donor DNA contains a left homologous arm, an editing sequence, and a right homologous arm, wherein the left and right homologous arms are homologous to the genomic sequences outside the dual cleavage sites on the target gene determined by the double sgRNAs, respectively; upon entering the cell, the RNP complex introduces dual-site cleavage at the target site, achieving precise editing under the guidance of the exogenous donor DNA.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cytology, and particularly relates to a method for improving the transformation efficiency of plant protoplast, which comprises the following steps: preparing enzymatic hydrolysate: each liter of enzymatic hydrolysate contains 20 mmol of KCl, 5-20 g of cellulase, 2-6 g of macerozyme, 10 mmol of CaCl2, 1 g of BSA and the balance of water; performing leaf enzymolysis; obtaining a protoplast; preparing a competent protoplast; resuspending the MMG solution; and transforming and incubating the protoplast resuspension by using the target plasmid. According to the method, the high-quality protoplast can be obtained, and when the protoplast is applied to downstream experiments, the conversion efficiency and stability of the experiments can be remarkably improved.

According to the method, engineering microorganisms are immobilized on stationary phases such as gelatin by applying a microorganism immobilization technology, cell walls of the microorganisms are removed by applying lysozyme, and 6s-5 methyltetrahydrofolic acid in cells can be easily extracted through cell membranes under the action of a surfactant. A culture solution and an eluent are made into mobile phases, the mobile phases flow through a stationary phase containing engineering bacteria, so that the 6s-5 methyltetrahydrofolic acid is continuously extracted from microorganisms, and after the 6s-5 methyltetrahydrofolic acid is collected, the treated mobile phases such as the culture solution and the eluent are circularly input into the stationary phase to form a continuous flow production process. The continuous flow process shows a milk squeezing effect, and the concentration balance of 6s-5 methyltetrahydrofolic acid in microorganisms is broken, so that the 6s-5 methyltetrahydrofolic acid is continuously biosynthesized and output. The technical problem of low concentration of biological fermentation final products at present is solved.

The use of an LtPCL6 protein and a gene encoding same in regulating pathogenicity, mycelial growth, and stress resistance of Lasiodiplodia theobromae. The gene encoding LtPCL6 protein is derived from Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and a knockout mutant is obtained by constructing a knockout fragment of a Lasiodiplodia theobromae LtPCL6 gene, and introducing same into a Lasiodiplodia theobromae protoplast. Experiments indicate that the LtPCL6 gene has an effect in the growth, cell wall and cell membrane integrity, and stress resistance of Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and significantly reduces the pathogenicity of the Lasiodiplodia theobromae with regard to a host. Therefore, the LtPCL6, serving as a fungicide target and a key protein of a pathogenic mechanism of diseases, can be used for developing agents for diseases caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae infection and breeding new resistant varieties, and has broad application prospects in the control of plant pathogenic fungal diseases.

The application discloses a lithium acetate-polyethylene glycol mediated protoplast lipid nanoparticle delivery method and belongs to the technical field of biology. 2+ )concentration to improve the PEG formula, successfully delivers the lipid nanoparticle (LNP) to the protoplast of oil palm, coconut and other palm crops, the mRNA of the nanoparticle is wrapped with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), and the fluorescent protein can be directly expressed in the protoplast with the mRNA as a template without a promoter. After the LNP is delivered to the protoplast of the palm crops by the method, green fluorescent signals are detected by laser confocal microscopy. The method can be used for directly delivering target gene mRNA to the protoplast of the palm crops, and can also deliver CRISPR / Cas system protein and the like for gene editing technology research.

The invention discloses a construction method and application of a basic group editor of industrial bacteria of cephalosporium acremonium based on CRISPR-Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9), and belongs to the field of gene engineering. The cephalosporium acremonium industrial bacterium base editor provided by the invention can be used for specific mutation of a specific site of the DNA level of the cephalosporium acremonium industrial bacterium. The cytosine base editor CBE constructed by the invention is a plasmid comprising a fusion protein A and an sgRNA expression element. The base editor CBE can successfully mediate C.G-T.A, is suitable for the base editor of the high-yield CPC cephalosporium acremonium industrial bacteria, utilizes the protoplast, is high in conversion efficiency, can mediate specific site mutation in the cephalosporium acremonium industrial bacteria, and has application value.

The invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom biological breeding, and particularly discloses a Stropharia rugoso-annulata breeding method based on Tricholoma giganteum and Stropharia rugoso-annulata protoplast fusion, which comprises the following steps: respectively preparing Stropharia rugoso-annulata protoplast and Tricholoma giganteum protoplast; performing thermal inactivation on the stropharia rugoso-annulata protoplast, and performing ultraviolet inactivation on the tricholoma giganteum protoplast; mixing the two inactivated protoplasts, and adding an induction reagent for protoplast fusion; coating the fusion product on a regeneration culture medium for culturing to obtain a fusion strain; screening a target fusion strain through an antagonism test and a molecular marker technology; fruiting management is carried out, and a new high-temperature-resistant stropharia rugoso-annulata strain is screened out. By optimizing protoplast preparation and PEG fusion promotion conditions, the distant fusion efficiency is remarkably improved, and a novel stropharia rugoso-annulata strain which can normally fruit at the high temperature of 30 DEG C and is excellent in agronomic character and good in flavor is successfully obtained in combination with an efficient screening and identification system.

The present invention discloses a fusion strain of Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium adolescentis, as well as its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of strain breeding technology. A fusion strain of Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium adolescentis was successfully prepared using the method provided by the present invention. The prepared fusion strain has a new morphology, a broadened carbon source utilization range, and significantly improved inhibitory effects on three pathogens. Furthermore, it is resistant to both vancomycin and mupirocin lithium salts. It also has good fermentation characteristics, with a pH of 4.05 and a titer of 114°T after 28 days of storage, and the viable cell count can still be maintained at 1×10 7 The protoplasts have a CFU / mL value of above 2260 mPa·s, a viscosity value of 37.462 g, a hardness of 37.462 g, and a consistency of 282.04 g·s, and can be used for the development and application of dairy products. The preparation method provided provides protoplasts with strong regeneration ability, high vitality, and high fusion rate, providing support for the selection of excellent lactic acid bacteria strains using protoplast fusion technology.

This invention discloses a stable and efficient method for preparing protoplasts from *Pseudolarix amabilis*. The method directly uses etiolated *Pseudolarix amabilis* seedlings as material to prepare protoplasts, requiring no other aseptic procedures, and the entire process is simple and convenient. Furthermore, by setting different buffer component ratios and a specific mannitol concentration, this invention achieves stable maintenance of the osmotic pressure of *Pseudolarix amabilis* seedling cells during the separation process. Experimental verification shows that the protoplast yield using this method is 1.32 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The protoplasts were prepared at a density of 1 protoplast per ml, with 95% of them intact and undamaged, resulting in significantly improved quality and activity. Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysate described in this invention overcomes the difficulty of enzymatic hydrolysis caused by the high degree of leatheriness in *Pseudolarix amabilis* leaf tissue. This method is suitable for widespread application in the field of herbaceous plant biotechnology.

The present disclosure provides methods for inducing callus formation and plant regeneration from isolated protoplasts of grape. This technology allows for the production of non-chimeric gene edits in grape plants by allowing the delivery of DNA through the plant cell membrane with the recovery of whole plants from a single edited cell.

The invention provides an application of a compound enzyme in preparation of a Chinese rose protoplast, and belongs to the technical field of plant protoplast preparation. According to the compound enzyme disclosed by the invention, the cellulase R-10 and the macerozyme R-10 are compounded for use, and the cellulase R-10 mainly acts on a cellulose component in a cell wall of a Chinese rose leaf, so that a cell wall structure begins to collapse; the macerozyme R-10 can act on components such as pectin in cell walls, and has a synergistic effect with cellulase R-10, so that the cell wall structure is further destroyed, and the release of protoplast is promoted. When the compound enzyme is used for preparing the rosa chinensis protoplast, the high activity of the protoplast is kept, and the number of the obtained protoplast is large. The method disclosed by the invention has outstanding beneficial effects in the aspects of keeping the high activity of the rosa chinensis protoplast and increasing the number of the rosa chinensis protoplast, and opens up a broader way for related research and application of the rosa chinensis protoplast.

The application discloses a chrysanthemum constitutive high-expression promoter and application thereof in gene editing. The nucleotide sequence of the promoter CmUbi is shown as SEQ ID NO. 4. Through double luciferase reporter experiments and stable genetic transformation experiments, it is proved that the expression activity of the CmUbi promoter in chrysanthemum protoplast and callus is significantly higher than that of commonly used CaMV 35S, AtRPS5a and corn ZmUbi promoters. A CRISPR / Cas9 gene editing vector is constructed by using the promoter, and a key gene of branch of hexaploid chrysanthemum is edited BRC1b , and a plurality of allele simultaneous mutation complete editing strains are successfully obtained, and the number of branches of the mutants is significantly increased. The endogenous high-activity promoter of the chrysanthemum provided by the application effectively solves the problems of low expression activity of an existing heterologous promoter in the chrysanthemum and poor gene editing efficiency of a polyploid, and provides an efficient and adaptive expression regulation element for chrysanthemum molecular breeding and functional genomics research.

The invention provides a method for improving the success rate of a wheat protoplast instantaneous transformation system, which comprises the following steps: S1, fully rinsing a cell culture container for incubation by using a 10% bovine serum albumin solution, so that all structures in the container are infiltrated by the 10% bovine serum albumin solution, and discarding waste liquid after rinsing; and S2, resuspending the wheat protoplast into which the exogenous gene is transferred by using 900-1200mu L of a W5 solution, transferring the wheat protoplast into the cell culture container rinsed in the S1, wrapping the cell culture container by using tin foil paper, and incubating for 12-16 hours at room temperature. Compared with a traditional incubation process, the method has the advantages that the integrity rate and activity of the protoplast are remarkably improved, and the risks of protoplast rupture and death in the incubation process are effectively reduced. According to the system, the instantaneous conversion efficiency can stably reach more than 50%, and the reliability and operability of gene function verification and regulation mechanism research are greatly improved.

Disclosed is a use of an Ltvcx1-1 protein and an Ltvcx1-1 protein coding gene in regulating the pathogenicity and stress resistance of Lasiodiplodia theobromae. The Ltvcx1-1 protein coding gene is derived from Lasiodiplodia theobromae. By constructing a knockout gene fragment directed at the Ltvcx1-1 gene of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and introducing the knockout gene fragment into a protoplast of Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a knockout mutant is obtained. It has been found from experiments that the Ltvcx1-1 gene plays a role in the cell membrane integrity and stress resistance of Lasiodiplodia theobromae and significantly reduces the pathogenicity of Lasiodiplodia theobromae to a host. Therefore, Ltvcx1-1 can be used as a target for a fungicide and a key protein of a pathogenic mechanism of a disease to develop an agent for a disease caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae infection and breed a novel disease-resistant variety, and has wide application prospects in the control of phytopathogenic fungal diseases.

The invention discloses a method for detecting methylation level of heterozygous heterologous DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in saccharomyces cerevisiae. Comprising the following steps: preparing a saccharomyces cerevisiae genome, carrying out enzymolysis on the saccharomyces cerevisiae genome, and detecting the methylation level of heterozygous heterologous DNA in saccharomyces cerevisiae by using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. According to the method, saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls can be better removed, the use time of protease K is adjusted, protein combined with DNA molecules is better removed, saccharomyces cerevisiae genomes are extracted with high quality, and impurities are greatly reduced; the PMSF protease inhibitor is added in the saccharomyces cerevisiae genome extraction process, so that the activity of protease K can be effectively inhibited, the residual protease K is prevented from degrading nuclease and other key enzymes in the subsequent DNA enzymolysis process, and the DNA enzymolysis efficiency is improved. The method can be directly applied to DNA methylation detection of saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The invention discloses a pea cotyledon protoplast separation and instantaneous conversion method and application. The method discloses steps of pea cotyledon protoplast separation and instantaneous conversion and used reagents. The method comprises the steps of material acquisition, protoplast preparation, purification, activity detection, instantaneous conversion and the like. The method is easy to operate and short in digestion time, and a large amount of early-stage preparation work is saved. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the high-quality pea cotyledon protoplast suspension can be quickly and efficiently obtained, the activity of the protoplast can reach 90% or above, and a powerful technical support is provided for scientific researches such as subsequent gene function verification, gene editing and single cell transcriptome sequencing.

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial genetic transformation, and particularly discloses a PEG (Polyethylene Glycol)-mediated camellia anthracnose protoplast genetic transformation method which comprises the following steps: obtaining young and tender camellia anthracnose mycelia, filtering and collecting protoplast by using double-layer lens wiping paper, obtaining protoplast precipitate, purifying the protoplast by using an STC solution, and resuspending the protoplast by using the STC to obtain the PEG-mediated camellia anthracnose protoplast. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding plasmids into a camellia anthracnose protoplast, lightly and uniformly mixing, standing at room temperature, adding a PTC solution, uniformly mixing, standing at room temperature, adding a PTC solution, uniformly mixing, standing at room temperature, pouring into a TB3 solid culture medium, uniformly mixing, pouring into a plate, culturing overnight, covering with a potato dextrose agar culture medium containing geneticin, and culturing at room temperature. The transformant is inoculated to a potato dextrose agar culture medium containing heredity mycin, the transformant with stable characters is screened, and the strain obtained through genetic transformation is obtained.By means of the method, construction of genetic transformation of the camellia anthracnose bacteria is achieved, the time needed by genetic transformation is shortened, and the transformant expressing red fluorescence and stably inheriting is obtained.

Disclosed in the present invention is the use of a threonine dehydratase in the regulation of the growth of Didymella segeticola and as a bactericide target. The threonine dehydratase gene Td of the present invention is derived from Didymella segeticola, and a knockout mutant is obtained by means of constructing a knockout gene fragment targeting the Td gene and then introducing same into a D. segeticola protoplast. Experiments find that the Td gene plays a role in the growth, the in-vivo pyruvic acid content and the in-vivo ATP content of D. segeticola, and the sensitivity thereof to wuyiencin. By means of molecular docking analysis, molecular dynamics simulation and microscale thermophoresis experiments, it is verified that threonine dehydratase can be used as a bactericide target, and the bactericide wuyiencin is obtained by means of screening. The threonine dehydratase of the present invention can be used as a bactericide target and a key protein in the pathogenic mechanism of a disease, and has broad application prospects in the control of plant pathogenic fungal diseases.

The invention provides enzymatic hydrolysate for preparing turnip protoplast and a preparation method and application of the turnip protoplast, and belongs to the technical field of protoplast preparation. According to the enzymatic hydrolysate for preparing the turnip protoplast and the preparation method of the turnip protoplast, provided by the invention, efficient degradation of turnip tissue cell walls can be realized, so that the turnip protoplast is released to the maximum extent, the yield of the protoplast is favorably improved, and meanwhile, the protoplast can keep relatively high activity. The result of the embodiment shows that the turnip protoplast can be efficiently prepared by taking the turnip stem cotyledons as the material by adopting the enzymatic hydrolysate, and the yield and activity of the obtained protoplast are relatively high.

The application discloses a preparation method of fresh taxus chinensis stem and leaf protoplasts, which comprises a preparation process and a purification process. The preparation method of the taxus chinensis stem and leaf protoplasts is simple and easy to operate, raw materials are easy to obtain, the price is low, reagent components have good biocompatibility, have no harmful components, and are safe and environmentally friendly. The application provides a simple and rapid enzyme hydrolysis preparation method of the taxus chinensis stem and leaf protoplasts, vacuum filtration is adopted to accelerate the permeation of the enzyme hydrolysate and improve the enzyme hydrolysis efficiency, so that the protoplasts can be quickly obtained. Meanwhile, the high-purity separation of the protoplasts is carried out by combining with the density gradient sedimentation of iodixanol solution, and the uniform size and complete morphology of the protoplasts are obtained, which provides convenience for subsequent scientific researches such as transformation and single-cell transcriptome sequencing.