GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna

Abstract

The present invention proposes a GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna, characterized in that it comprises two dipole arms with a phase difference of 180°, the two dipole arms are respectively located on the upper surface and the lower surface of a dielectric plate and are respectively connected to the inner and outer centers of a coaxial line running through the center of the dielectric plate; the two monopole arms of each dipole arm have a phase difference of 90° and are connected through a three-quarter ring arranged on the periphery of the coaxial line. It can obtain a wider impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth, ensure the miniaturization of the antenna, and realize circularly polarized radiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the technology of using single-point feeding and self-phase shift to achieve circular polarization in cross-dipole antennas has been widely used, but its bandwidth is relatively narrow. How to obtain wider impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth for such antennas is also a question worth studying. Summary of the invention

[0003] Taking into account the problems of large size and low resource utilization of existing antennas of the same type, the present invention provides a new GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna solution, which aims to obtain a wider impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth by methods such as slotting the dipole arms and coupling the parasitic unit gaps, and ensure the miniaturization of the antenna.

[0004] The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna, characterized in that it comprises two dipole arms with a phase difference of 180°, the two dipole arms are respectively located on the upper surface and the lower surface of a dielectric plate and are respectively connected to the inner and outer centers of a coaxial line running through the center of the dielectric plate; the two monopole arms of each dipole arm have a phase difference of 90° and are connected through a three-quarter ring arranged on the periphery of the coaxial line.

[0006] Preferably, each of the monopole arms has the same gap and serrated structure.

[0007] Preferably, four identical and symmetrically distributed rectangular radiation patch pairs are arranged around the dipole arm; each of the rectangular radiation patch pairs is composed of L-shaped radiation patches symmetrically distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric plate.

[0008] Preferably, the antenna body comprises a top layer, a middle layer, and a bottom layer where a dielectric plate penetrated by the coaxial line is located;

[0009] On the upper surface of the intermediate layer, four middle-layer monopole arms are arranged in the projection area of ​​the two dipole arms, each of the middle-layer monopole arms is connected to the monopole arm of the corresponding dipole arm through a middle-layer short-circuit plate, and four middle-layer radiation patches are arranged in the projection area of ​​the rectangular radiation patch pair, and the middle-layer radiation patches are connected to the corresponding rectangular radiation patch pair through a middle-layer radiation patch short-circuit plate;

[0010] A fence-shaped cavity is arranged on the periphery of the bottom plate, and the fence-shaped cavity is respectively connected to four rectangular radiation patch pairs through four short-circuit plates.

[0011] Preferably, on the upper surface of the bottom plate, a bottom cross-shaped radiation patch is arranged on the periphery of the coaxial line, a bottom plate annular cavity is arranged on the periphery of the bottom plate annular cavity, and four bottom plate radiation patches are arranged on the periphery of the bottom plate annular cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the top layer, the middle layer, and the bottom plate are all square; the size of the middle layer is smaller than that of the top layer and the bottom plate; the coaxial line runs through the center of the top layer, the middle layer, and the bottom plate; and the short-circuit plate is located at the periphery of the middle layer.

[0013] The present invention and its preferred embodiment change the current path on the radiating arm and the resonance point of the antenna by designing the slot-shaped and sawtooth-shaped slot radiating arms, thereby making the resonance points dense and improving the impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna. Through the three-quarter ring structure, the current phase on the radiating arm of the antenna can be 90° different and the amplitude is the same, which can make the antenna produce circularly polarized radiation, and the three-quarter ring structure also has the function of improving the antenna bandwidth. The structure of the radiating patch can produce a good coupling effect with the radiating arm, and add new resonances on the basis of the resonance points generated by the dipole arm, thereby achieving the broadband effect of the antenna. The middle layer extends the length of the dipole arm through probe connection, and there are four radiating patches around the monopole. By changing the current path, the antenna impedance bandwidth is improved and the size of the antenna is reduced. The bottom plate of the antenna has a radiating patch and a ring cavity structure, and there is also a fence-type cavity outside the bottom plate of the antenna. This structural combination can improve the low elevation gain and directivity performance of the world by affecting the radiation of the current. On the basis of the device, by reasonably adjusting the distance between the reflector and the radiation patch of the antenna, the antenna can also have very excellent directional performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic top view of the overall structure of the GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the middle-layer structure of the GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5This is the underlying structure of the GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient simulation results of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient simulation results of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 8 The simulation results of the axial ratio of the embodiment of the present invention are shown as follows Figure 1 ;

[0023] Fig. 9 The simulation results of the axial ratio of the embodiment of the present invention are shown as follows Figure 2 ;

[0024] Fig.10 The right-hand direction when phi is 0° in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0025] Fig.11 The right-hand direction when phi is 0° in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0026] In the figure: 1-dipole arm; 2-rectangular radiation patch pair; 3-three-quarter ring; 4-fence type cavity; 5-short-circuit board; 6-middle layer short-circuit board; 7-coaxial line; 8-middle layer monopole arm; 9-middle layer radiation patch; 10-middle layer radiation patch short-circuit board; 11-bottom plate radiation patch; 12-bottom plate annular cavity; 13-bottom layer cross-shaped radiation patch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following embodiments are specifically described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna solution provided in this embodiment includes: a top layer, a middle layer, and a bottom plate where a dielectric plate is located and a coaxial line 7 passes through. The top layer, the middle layer, and the bottom plate are all square; the size of the middle layer is smaller than that of the top layer and the bottom plate; the coaxial line 7 passes through the center of the top layer, the middle layer, and the bottom plate.

[0029] The dielectric plate mainly includes two dipole arms 1 with a phase difference of 180° as a cross dipole antenna. The two dipole arms 1 are respectively located on the upper surface and the lower surface (front and back sides) of the dielectric plate and are respectively connected to the inner and outer centers of the coaxial line 7 that runs through the center of the dielectric plate; the two monopole arms of each dipole arm 1 have a phase difference of 90° and are connected through a three-quarter ring 3 arranged on the periphery of the coaxial line 7. This makes the current amplitudes on the antenna radiation arms the same, and the antenna realizes circular polarization radiation.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, each monopole arm has the same gap and sawtooth structure, which can realize the coupling function. Through this structure, the path of the current can be changed and the position of the resonance point can be adjusted, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the antenna impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth.

[0031] Four identical and symmetrically distributed rectangular radiation patch pairs 2 are also arranged around the dipole arm 1; each rectangular radiation patch pair 2 is composed of L-shaped radiation patches symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric plate. This structure can produce a coupling effect between the radiation patch and the radiation arm, generating a new resonant frequency point. When the resonance point of the radiation patch is close to the resonance point of the radiation arm, the purpose of increasing the antenna bandwidth can be achieved. At the same time, the short-circuit patch also has the effect of increasing the directivity of the antenna.

[0032] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, on the upper surface of the middle layer, four middle-layer monopole arms 8 are arranged in the projection area of ​​the two dipole arms 1, and each middle-layer monopole arm 8 is connected to the monopole arm of the corresponding dipole arm 1 through a middle-layer short-circuit plate 6, and four middle-layer radiation patches 9 are arranged in the projection area of ​​the rectangular radiation patch pair 2, and the middle-layer radiation patches 9 are connected to the corresponding rectangular radiation patch pair 2 through a middle-layer radiation patch short-circuit plate 10. This structure can extend the dipole arm 1, and by changing the current path, improve the antenna impedance bandwidth, and reduce the overall size of the antenna.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, a fence-type cavity 4 is provided at the periphery of the bottom plate, and the fence-type cavity 4 is respectively connected to four rectangular radiation patch pairs 2 through four short-circuit plates 5 located at the periphery of the middle layer. The annular cavity of this structure can resonate with the radiation patch, enhance the lateral current of the antenna, and facilitate the realization of the low elevation angle gain and directivity of the antenna.

[0034] On the upper surface of the bottom plate, the outer periphery of the coaxial line 7 is further provided with a bottom cross-shaped radiation patch 13, the outer periphery of the bottom cross-shaped radiation patch 13 is provided with a bottom plate annular cavity 12, and the outer periphery of the bottom plate annular cavity 12 is provided with four bottom plate radiation patches 11. These radiation patches and cavities affect the radiation mode of the current through coupling, promote the phase difference of the current, and are beneficial to the circular polarization and directivity of the antenna.

[0035] like Figure 6-Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment also provides the performance test results of the antenna device: wherein, Figure 6 Reflects S 11 Low frequency parameters, Figure 7 Reflects S 11 High frequency parameters, Figure 8 is the AR low-frequency image of the antenna, Fig. 9 is the AR high frequency diagram of the antenna, Fig.10 is the low-frequency radiation pattern of the antenna, Fig.11 The above test results all reflect the superior performance of the antenna.

[0036] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other various forms of GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antennas under the inspiration of the present invention. All equal changes and modifications made within the scope of the patent application of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna, characterized in that: It comprises two dipole arms with a phase difference of 180°, the two dipole arms are respectively located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric plate and are respectively connected to the inner and outer centers of the coaxial line running through the center of the dielectric plate; the two monopole arms of each dipole arm have a phase difference of 90° and are connected through a three-quarter ring arranged on the periphery of the coaxial line; Each of the monopole arms has the same gap and sawtooth structure; Four identical and symmetrically distributed rectangular radiation patch pairs are arranged around the dipole arm; each of the rectangular radiation patch pairs is composed of L-shaped radiation patches symmetrically distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric plate; The antenna body includes a top layer where a dielectric plate penetrated by the coaxial line is located, a middle layer, and a bottom plate; On the upper surface of the intermediate layer, four middle-layer monopole arms are arranged in the projection area of ​​the two dipole arms, and each of the middle-layer monopole arms is connected to the monopole arm of the corresponding dipole arm through a middle-layer short-circuit plate, and four middle-layer radiation patches are arranged in the projection area of ​​the rectangular radiation patch pair, and the middle-layer radiation patches are connected to the corresponding rectangular radiation patch pair through a middle-layer radiation patch short-circuit plate.

2. The GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fence-shaped cavity is arranged on the periphery of the bottom plate, and the fence-shaped cavity is respectively connected to four rectangular radiation patch pairs through four short-circuit plates.

3. The GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: On the upper surface of the bottom plate, a bottom cross-shaped radiation patch is arranged at the periphery of the coaxial line, a bottom plate annular cavity is arranged at the periphery of the bottom plate annular cavity, and four bottom plate radiation patches are arranged at the periphery of the bottom plate annular cavity.

4. The GNSS full-band satellite positioning terminal antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top layer, the middle layer, and the bottom plate are all square; the size of the middle layer is smaller than that of the top layer and the bottom plate; the coaxial line runs through the center of the top layer, the middle layer, and the bottom plate; The short-circuit plate is located at the periphery of the middle layer.

Images