An air cooling system for heat dissipation of power battery pack

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wind cooling technology design for a power battery, and in particular to a wind cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack. While optimizing the heat dissipation structure of the battery pack, the air temperature is reduced, and through an electronic control device, targeted high-efficiency cooling of a battery module is achieved, so as to improve the working efficiency, safety and temperature balance of the battery pack. The system comprises a battery module (2), wherein a battery pack shell (1) is provided outside the battery module (2), a battery pack air outlet (7) is provided on the upper part of the battery pack shell (1), and the battery pack air outlet (7) can be connected to the battery module (2) through the battery pack shell (1), a battery pack air inlet (6) is provided at the bottom of the battery pack shell (1), and the battery pack air inlet (6) is also connected to the battery pack shell (1), and semiconductor refrigeration devices (3) are provided on both sides of the battery pack shell (1).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an air cooling technology design for a power battery, and in particular to an air cooling system for dissipating heat of a power battery pack. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, environmental pollution and resource shortages have become increasingly serious. Electric vehicles have received great attention due to their significant advantages such as low energy consumption and low noise pollution. As a power source, lithium-ion single cells have relatively small voltage and capacity. The battery pack is composed of single cells connected in series and parallel, and is closely arranged in the battery pack. The heat generated during use is difficult to discharge. Under normal circumstances, the operating temperature of lithium batteries should be maintained between 25-40°C, and the maximum temperature difference of single cells should not exceed 5°C. Therefore, optimizing the air cooling and heat dissipation system of the power battery pack plays an extremely important role in solving problems such as battery performance degradation and shortened service life caused by battery overheating. At present, air cooling mainly adopts forced air cooling, which is greatly affected by ambient temperature; and the battery pack adopts a consistent battery cooling system, which is not conducive to improving the temperature balance of the battery pack. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide an air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack. While optimizing the heat dissipation structure of the battery pack, the air temperature is reduced, and through the electronic control device, targeted and efficient cooling of the battery module is achieved, so as to improve the working efficiency, safety and temperature balance of the battery pack.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack, comprising a battery module, a battery pack shell is provided on the outside of the battery module, a battery pack air outlet is provided on the upper part of the battery pack shell, the battery pack air outlet can be connected to the battery module through the battery pack shell, a battery pack air inlet is provided at the bottom of the battery pack shell, the battery pack air inlet is also connected to the battery pack shell, semiconductor refrigeration devices are provided on both sides of the battery pack shell, the semiconductor refrigeration devices include electric cooling fan 1 and electric cooling fan 2, the electric cooling fan 1 is provided on the side wall of the battery pack shell and is connected to the battery module, the electric cooling fan 2 is also provided on the side wall of the battery pack shell and is connected to the battery module, the electric cooling fan 2 is located below the electric cooling fan 1, a temperature sensor is also provided on the inner wall of the battery module, a controller is provided on the top inner wall of the battery pack shell, and the controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the electric cooling fan 1 and the electric cooling fan 2, respectively.

[0005] Preferably, it also includes an air inlet movable baffle, which is arranged on the battery pack shell and located between the second electric cooling fan and the battery module.

[0006] Preferably, a dustproof screen is provided in the air inlet of the battery pack.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a battery module air outlet, which is arranged above the battery module and is connected to the battery pack shell air outlet.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a second dustproof mesh plate, which is arranged at the air outlet of the battery pack.

[0009] Preferably, a fixed baffle plate 1 is provided on the battery pack shell, and the fixed baffle plate 1 is arranged between the electric cooling fan 1 and the electric cooling fan 2.

[0010] Preferably, a second fixed baffle is provided on the battery pack shell, and the second fixed baffle is respectively connected to the battery pack air inlet and the first fixed baffle.

[0011] Preferably, the battery module comprises a plurality of single cells, and the gaps between adjacent single cells form air channels.

[0012] Preferably, the battery pack air outlet, battery pack air inlet and battery module air outlet are perpendicular to the air flow channel.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The air cooling system for heat dissipation of the power battery pack of the present invention adopts an inlet and outlet located on the same side and perpendicular to the air flow channel. Compared with the structure in which the inlet and outlet are located on the opposite side and parallel to the air flow channel, the maximum temperature of the battery pack is reduced and the temperature difference between the single cells is reduced; the battery module adopts a non-equidistant and symmetrical distribution of the single cells, which further reduces the temperature difference of the single cells, so that the air cooling heat dissipation effect is improved under room temperature environment.

[0014] The present invention adopts a semiconductor refrigeration device, which is divided into two parts, the upper part dissipates heat for the battery pack, and the semiconductor refrigeration device effectively reduces the air temperature, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency; the lower part dissipates heat for the battery module, and by moving the position of the movable baffle plate at the air inlet of the battery module, the battery module with excessively high temperature can be individually cooled, thereby effectively reducing the temperature imbalance during the operation of the battery pack.

[0015] In the present invention, when the temperature of the battery pack is too high or there is an internal short circuit, the semiconductor refrigeration device is turned on, the upper part dissipates heat to the internal space of the battery pack, and the movable baffle of the air inlet of the battery module in the lower part is fully opened, and the semiconductor refrigeration device is used to dissipate heat to the battery module, thereby reducing the battery temperature and ensuring personal safety in emergency situations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a side cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a side view of the arrangement of the battery modules of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a side view of the semiconductor refrigeration device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a front view of the semiconductor refrigeration device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a side view of the heat dissipation structure of the battery module of the present invention.

[0021] Description of the drawings: 1. Battery pack shell; 2. Battery module; 3. Semiconductor refrigeration device; 4. Electric cooling fan 1; 5. Electric cooling fan 2; 6. Battery pack air inlet; 7. Battery pack air outlet; 8. Battery module air outlet; 9. Fixed baffle 1; 10. Air inlet movable baffle; 11. Dustproof mesh 1; 12. Dustproof mesh 2; 13. Temperature sensor; 14. Controller; 15. Fixed baffle 2; 16. Single battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] A wind cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack comprises a battery module 2, wherein a battery pack shell 1 is provided on the outside of the battery module 2, a battery pack air outlet 7 is provided on the upper part of the battery pack shell 1, and the battery pack air outlet 7 can be communicated with the battery module 2 through the battery pack shell 1, a battery pack air inlet 6 is provided at the bottom of the battery pack shell 1, and the battery pack air inlet 6 is also communicated with the battery pack shell 1, semiconductor refrigeration devices 3 are provided on both sides of the battery pack shell 1, and the semiconductor refrigeration devices 3 include an electric cooling fan 1 4 and an electric cooling fan 2 5, the electric cooling fan 1 4 is provided on the side wall of the battery pack shell 1 and is communicated with the battery module 2, the electric cooling fan 2 5 is also provided on the side wall of the battery pack shell 1 and is communicated with the battery module 2, the electric cooling fan 2 5 is located below the electric cooling fan 1 4, a temperature sensor 13 is also provided on the inner wall of the battery module 1, a controller 14 is provided on the top inner wall of the battery pack shell 1, and the controller 14 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 13, the electric cooling fan 1 4 and the electric cooling fan 2 5, respectively.

[0024] It also includes an air inlet movable baffle 10, which is arranged on the battery pack shell 1 and is located between the electric cooling fan 2 5 and the battery module 2; a dustproof mesh 11 is arranged in the battery pack air inlet 6; it also includes a battery module air outlet 8, which is arranged above the battery module 2 and is connected to the battery module air outlet 8; it also includes a dustproof mesh 2 12, which is arranged at the battery pack air outlet 7; a fixed baffle 1 9 is provided on the battery pack shell 1, and the fixed baffle 1 9 is provided on the electric cooling fan 1 4 and the electric cooling fan 2 5; a fixed baffle 2 15 is provided on the battery pack shell 1, and the fixed baffle 2 15 is connected to the battery pack air inlet 6 and the fixed baffle 1 9 respectively; the battery module 2 includes a plurality of single cells 16, and the gaps between adjacent single cells 16 form an air flow channel; the battery pack air outlet 7, the battery pack air inlet 6 and the battery module air outlet 8 are perpendicular to the air flow channel.

[0025] Implementation plan 1:

[0026] This embodiment provides an air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack, and the side cross-sectional view of the system is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a battery pack housing 1, a semiconductor refrigeration device 3, an electric cooling fan 1 4 and an electric cooling fan 2 5, a battery module 2, a battery pack air inlet 6, a battery pack air outlet 7, a battery pack air inlet 6, a battery module air outlet 8, a fixed baffle 1 9, an air inlet movable baffle 10, a temperature sensor 13 and a controller 14. Figure 1-3 The battery module and battery pack size are designed according to the size of the single battery and the battery gap. The size of the single battery 16 is: 65mm long, 20mm wide, and 120mm high; the battery module 2 is composed of six single batteries 16 distributed non-equidistantly, and the size of the battery module 2 is designed to be: 148mm long, 69mm wide, and 140mm high. Among them, each single battery 16 is provided with a micro bracket, and 10mm space is left above and below the battery module 2 to achieve parallel ventilation and heat dissipation of the battery module 2. A temperature sensor 13 is provided in the center of the top of each battery module 2 to monitor the battery module temperature in real time; the battery pack shell 1 is composed of battery modules 2 arranged in 2×3, and the size of the battery pack shell 1 is designed to be: 456mm long, 179mm wide, and 160mm high. Among them, a 20mm interval is provided between the top of the battery pack shell 1 and the battery module 2 for the arrangement of the controller 14, wires, BMS and other equipment. Among them, the battery pack air inlet 6 has a height of 10 mm, which coincides with the battery module air inlet; the battery pack air outlet 7 has a height of 30 mm, which includes the battery module air outlet 8; the battery pack air outlet 7 is provided with a dustproof mesh plate 12, and the battery pack air inlet 6 is provided with a dustproof mesh plate 2 12.

[0027] Among them, the inlet and outlet of the battery module 2 are located on the same side and perpendicular to the air flow channel, and the single cells 16 inside the module are distributed non-equidistantly and symmetrically. And through the simulation results, it can be known that the temperature of the single cells in the middle and at both ends of the battery module 2 is relatively low, so the battery gap is set to a0, a0+2d, a0+d, a0, a0+d, a0+2d, a0. Among them, the value of d is 0.3mm, and the corresponding battery gap is 3.74mm, 4.34mm, 4.04mm, 3.74mm, 4.04mm, 4.34mm, 3.74mm. The relative battery inlet and outlet are located on the opposite side and parallel to the air flow channel, and the single cells 16 inside the module are distributed equidistantly (such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the overall maximum temperature dropped from 308.2K to 306.5K, and the maximum temperature difference of the single battery dropped from 5K to 3.18K. The heat dissipation effect of the battery has been significantly improved, and the safety and temperature balance have been significantly improved.

[0028] The present invention monitors the internal temperature change of each battery module 2 in real time through the temperature sensor 13. When the battery temperature rises, the controller 14 turns on the external fan of the battery pack to achieve air cooling and heat dissipation of the normal temperature module.

[0029] Implementation Plan 2:

[0030] Based on Example 1, Figure 3 and 4 As shown, a semiconductor refrigeration device 3 is centrally arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the battery pack housing, and the battery modules 2 are symmetrically and evenly arranged in 2×3, with the inlet and outlet of the battery module facing the side of the semiconductor refrigeration device 3. The top of the semiconductor refrigeration device 3 is 20 mm away from the top of the battery module 2, and is divided into an upper and lower part, each corresponding to a different cooling fan. The upper part is 446 mm long and 80 mm wide, and is evenly distributed by four large fans 4 (80×80 mm). The lower part is 446 mm long and 20 mm wide, and is composed of nine electric cooling fans 2 5 (20×20 mm). Every three electric cooling fans 2 5 are evenly distributed above a battery pack air inlet 6, and are separated by a fixed baffle 2 15 in the middle. Fixed baffles 1 9 and 2 15 are provided on the top and both sides of the lower half of the semiconductor refrigeration device 3, so that it completely corresponds to the three battery modules 2. A movable baffle 10 for the air inlet of the battery module is provided at the bottom to change the air inlet channel of the battery module.

[0031] When the temperature sensor 13 measures that the battery temperature continues to rise, the heat dissipation structure with the upper and lower inlet makes the high temperature mainly concentrated on the upper half of the battery module 2, and the controller 14 can drive the electric heat dissipation fan 14 to dissipate the upper half of the battery pack shell 1; at the same time, for a single battery module 2 with too high temperature, the motor drives the module air inlet movable baffle 10 to be in position b, and the controller drives the electric heat dissipation fan 25 to work. At this time, the heat dissipation mode is changed from room temperature air cooling to semiconductor refrigerator air cooling, which can timely and effectively reduce the temperature of the battery pack shell 1 and improve the temperature balance of the battery pack shell 1. When the battery is charged and discharged for a long time and the temperature is too high, or a short circuit occurs inside the battery to cause thermal runaway, the electric heat dissipation fan 14 and the electric heat dissipation fan 25 are turned on at the same time, the battery module air inlet movable baffle 10 is in position b, the electric heat dissipation fan 14 dissipates the heat of the entire battery pack shell 1, and the electric heat dissipation fan 25 dissipates the heat of each battery module 2. Timely and effective cooling can effectively reduce the battery temperature, prolong the time from smoke to fire, and ensure personal safety in emergencies.

[0032] The above are preferred implementation modes of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can also change and modify the above implementation modes. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation modes. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery module (2), wherein a battery pack housing (1) is provided on the outside of the battery module (2), a battery pack air outlet (7) is provided on the upper part of the battery pack housing (1), and the battery pack air outlet (7) can be connected to the battery module (2) through the battery pack housing (1), and a battery pack air inlet (6) is provided on the bottom of the battery pack housing (1), and the battery pack air inlet (6) is also connected to the battery pack housing (1), and semiconductor cooling devices (3) are provided on both sides of the battery pack housing (1), and the semiconductor cooling device (3) comprises an electric cooling fan 1 (4) and an electric cooling fan 2 (5), wherein the electric cooling fan 1 (4) is provided on the side wall of the battery pack housing (1) and is connected to the battery module (2), and the electric cooling fan 2 (5) is also provided on the side wall of the battery pack housing (1) and is connected to the battery module (2), and the electric cooling fan 2 (5) Located below the electric cooling fan 1 (4), a temperature sensor (13) is also provided on the inner wall of the battery module (2), and a controller (14) is provided on the top inner wall of the battery pack shell (1), and the controller (14) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (13), the electric cooling fan 1 (4) and the electric cooling fan 2 (5) respectively; a fixed baffle 1 (9) is provided on the battery pack shell (1), and the fixed baffle 1 (9) is arranged between the electric cooling fan 1 (4) and the electric cooling fan 2 (5); a fixed baffle 2 (15) is provided on the battery pack shell (1), and the fixed baffle 2 (15) is connected to the battery pack air inlet (6) and the fixed baffle 1 (9) respectively.

2. The air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air inlet movable baffle (10), which is arranged on the battery pack housing (1) and located between the second electric cooling fan (5) and the battery module (2).

3. The air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dustproof screen plate (11) is provided inside the battery pack air inlet (6).

4. The air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a battery module air outlet (8), wherein the battery module air outlet (8) is arranged above the battery module (2) and is connected to the battery pack air outlet (7).

5. The air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second dustproof mesh plate (12), wherein the second dustproof mesh plate (12) is arranged at the battery pack air outlet (7).

6. The air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery module (2) comprises a plurality of single cells (16), and the gaps between adjacent single cells (16) form air channels.

7. The air cooling system for heat dissipation of a power battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery pack air outlet (7), the battery pack air inlet (6) and the battery module air outlet (8) are perpendicular to the air flow channel.

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