A potato missed seeding machine that can achieve high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, specifically a potato missed seeding machine that can achieve high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding, which includes: a fixed frame, a fertilizer device, a granular medicine sowing device, a reseeding device, a seeding device, a missed seeding detection device, a rotary tillage and ridging device, a weeding and spraying device and a film covering and soil covering device. There is a crossbeam in front of the two fixed frames, a suspension frame is installed on the crossbeam, a fertilizer trenching shovel is installed in the middle of the crossbeam, and a walking wheel is installed on each of the two fixed frames. A rotary tillage and ridging device is installed behind the fixed frame, and a drip irrigation belt laying device and a film covering and soil covering device are arranged behind the rotary tillage and ridging device. The potato missed seeding machine that can achieve high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding has a compact mechanical structure, a simple structure, and stable operation, which realizes the precise sowing of potatoes and reduces the missed seeding rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a potato missed-seeding reseeding machine capable of achieving high efficiency, precision and low missed-seeding. Background Art

[0002] The potato missed planting replanting machine is used to complete operations such as fertilization, potato missed planting replanting, pesticide application, ridging, laying drip irrigation belts, mulching and covering soil, etc., which improves the potato sowing efficiency and sowing accuracy, and reduces the potato missed planting rate. At present, with the development of agricultural mechanization, my country's potato planting area is getting larger and larger, but at present, my country's potato missed planting problem is manually replanted, which has low work efficiency, high cost and low operation accuracy. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a potato planter with intelligent missed planting detection and automatic replanting. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0004] In view of the above problems and / or the problems existing in the existing reseeding machines, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a potato missed seeding machine which can achieve high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding, has a compact mechanical structure, a simple structure, and stable operation, thereby achieving precise potato sowing and reducing the missed seeding rate.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A potato missed seeding machine capable of achieving high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding, comprising: a fixed frame, a fertilizing device, a granular medicine sowing and applying device, a reseeding device, a seed discharge device, a missed seeding detection device, a rotary tillage and ridging device, a weeding and spraying device and a film covering and soil covering device;

[0008] There is a crossbeam in front of the two fixed frames, a suspension frame is installed on the crossbeam, a fertilizer trenching shovel is installed in the middle of the crossbeam, a walking wheel is installed on each of the two fixed frames, a rotary tillage and ridging device is installed behind the fixed frames, and a drip irrigation belt laying device and a film covering and soil covering device are arranged behind the rotary tillage and ridging device;

[0009] The fertilizing device is located at the front of the machine body. When the tractor moves forward, the fertilizing trenching shovel first breaks the soil. The fertilizing trenching shovel has an upper fertilizer discharge pipe and a lower fertilizer discharge pipe.

[0010] The granular medicine broadcasting device is located behind the fertilizer box, the granular medicine broadcasting device is filled with insecticide granular medicine, and the granular medicine broadcasting device is provided with a ground wheel chain driving groove wheel;

[0011] The reseeding device is installed between the medicine box and the seeding device;

[0012] The seeding device is located in the middle of the whole machine. A sensor A is installed on the upper part of the seed box of the seeding device, and a sensor B is installed on the back side of the seed barrel of the seeding device. The sensor A and the sensor B are divided into an upper sensor and a lower sensor, and there is a certain gap between the upper sensor and the lower sensor.

[0013] The rotary tillage and ridging device is located behind the seed box, and a shaping plate is installed behind the rotary tillage and ridging device;

[0014] A film hanging roller, a film pressing roller, a drip irrigation belt device and a film pressing wheel are arranged on one side of the weed control spraying device, and a soil covering shovel is installed at the end of the fixed frame.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the potato missed seeding machine of the present invention that can achieve high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding, the fertilizing device mainly includes a fertilizing trenching shovel, a lower fertilizer discharge pipe and an upper fertilizer discharge pipe, the fertilizing trenching shovel is fixedly connected to the crossbeam on the fixed frame by a cotter pin, the front part of the lower fertilizer discharge pipe is welded to the back of the fertilizing trenching shovel, the back of the lower fertilizer discharge pipe and the front part of the upper fertilizer discharge pipe are fixed by bolts and nuts, and the fertilizer discharge openings of the upper fertilizer discharge pipe and the lower fertilizer discharge pipe are both equipped with retaining plates.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the potato missed seeding machine described in the present invention that can achieve high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding, the missed seeding detection device includes sensor A and sensor B, the sensor A is installed and fixed on the upper part of the seed box and against one side of the seeding chain, and the sensor B is installed at the rear of the seeding device and is located on one side of the seed barrel.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the potato missed seeding machine described in the present invention that can achieve high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding, the reseeding device mainly includes a reseeding box, a groove wheel frame, a reseeding groove wheel, a stepping motor, a slide and an electromagnetic telescopic rod. The upper part of the reseeding box is fixed by a bending plate and a seed barrel, the middle part of the reseeding box is fixed by a reinforcing rib and a square tube on the groove wheel frame, the stepping motor is positioned and matched with the lower arc opening of the reseeding box through the annular groove on the edge, the two reseeding groove wheels are positioned on the groove wheel frame through two shafts and bearings, the groove wheel frame is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, the upper end of the slide is close to the bottom of the reseeding groove wheel, and the lower part of the slide is fixed to the bottom of the seeding device, and the middle and lower part of the slide is equipped with an electromagnetic telescopic rod, and the electromagnetic telescopic rod is fixed to the bottom of the seed barrel through a steel plate.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the potato missed seeding machine of the present invention which can achieve high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding, the rotary tillage and ridging device is installed at the rear of the seed box, and a group of rotary tillage blades are installed on each side of the rotary tillage and ridging device.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies:

[0020] (1) The present invention comprises a fixed frame, a fertilizer application device, a granular medicine application device, a reseeding device, a seed discharge device, a missed seed detection device, a rotary tillage and ridging device, etc., which solves the shortcomings of the existing potato planter, such as low manual reseeding efficiency, low sowing accuracy and high cost, improves the sowing accuracy and reduces the missed seeding rate.

[0021] (2) The fertilization device of the device is located at the front of the machine body. When the tractor moves forward, the fertilizer opener breaks the soil first. The opener has two fertilizer discharge pipes, upper and lower. The motor drives the groove wheel to rotate to discharge the fertilizer, which can realize the layered fertilization of fertilizer in the soil and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.

[0022] (3) The granular medicine application device of the device is located at the rear of the fertilizer box. It is filled with insecticide granules. The granules are discharged into the sowing furrow opener through the groove wheel driven by the ground wheel chain and buried in the soil together with the potato tubers to play an insecticidal role.

[0023] (4) The reseeding device of the device is installed between the medicine box and the seeding device. When the seed spoon misses seeds during the seeding process, the reseeding device reseedes the seed taking position under the control of the stepper motor, thereby reducing the missed seeding rate.

[0024] (5) The seeding device of the device is located in the middle of the whole machine. The spoon chain seeding device extracts the cut seed potatoes from the seed box and first passes through sensor A. The sensors are divided into upper and lower rows. The lower layer mainly counts the seed spoons. There is a certain gap between the upper and lower sensors. Sensor B is installed on the back side of the seed barrel of the seeding device. Its layout is also upper and lower. The detection method is the same as sensor A. Improve the detection accuracy and sowing accuracy.

[0025] (6) The mechanical structure of the present invention is compact, simple, and stable, which enables accurate potato sowing and reduces the missed sowing rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0027] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the missed seeding reseeding structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the leakage monitoring structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the layered fertilizing shovel of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reseeding groove wheel of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1 fixed frame, 2 fertilizing device, 3 walking wheel, 4 stepping motor, 5 sensor B, 6 electric control box, 7 shaping plate, 8 rotary tillage ridging device, 9 film hanging roller, 10 film pressing roller, 11 film pressing wheel, 12 covering shovel, 13 drip irrigation belt device, 14 weeding spraying device, 15 seed box, 16 sensor A, 17 driving motor, 18 seeding device, 19 reseeding device, 20 granular medicine broadcasting device, 21 upper sensor, 22 electromagnetic telescopic rod, 23 seed spoon, 24 lower sensor, 25 reseeding groove wheel, 26 groove wheel frame, 27 slide, 28 crossbeam, 29 fertilizer trenching shovel, 30 lower fertilizer discharge pipe, 31 upper fertilizer discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagram showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagram is only an example, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional space dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] A potato missed seeding reseeding machine comprises a fixed frame 1, a fertilizing device 2, a granular medicine sowing device 20, a reseeding device 19, a seed discharge device 18, a missed seeding detection device, a rotary tillage and ridging device 8, a weeding and spraying device 14 and a film covering and soil covering device.

[0038] There is a crossbeam 28 in front of the fixed frame 1 on the left and right sides, on which a suspension frame is installed, which is convenient for hanging with the rear of the tractor, and a fertilizer trenching shovel 29 is installed in the middle of the crossbeam 28; a walking wheel 3 is installed on each of the frames on both sides to support the entire machine; a rotary tillage and ridging device 8 is installed behind the frame; behind the rotary tillage and ridging device 8 is a drip irrigation tape laying device 13 and a film covering and soil covering device.

[0039] The fertilizing device 2 is located at the front of the machine body. When the tractor moves forward, the fertilizing trenching shovel 29 first breaks the soil. The fertilizing trenching shovel 29 has an upper fertilizer discharge pipe 31 and a lower fertilizer discharge pipe 30. The motor drives the groove wheel to rotate to discharge the fertilizer, so that the fertilizer can be fertilized in layers in the soil.

[0040] The granular medicine broadcasting device 20 is located at the rear of the fertilizer box, and contains insecticide granular medicine. The granular medicine is discharged into the sowing furrow opener through the ground wheel chain driving the groove wheel, and buried in the soil together with the potato tubers to play an insecticide role;

[0041] The reseeding device 19 is installed between the medicine box and the seeding device 18. When the seeding spoon 23 misses seeds during the seeding process, the reseeding device reseedes the seed taking position under the control of the stepping motor 4.

[0042] The seeding device 18 is located in the middle of the whole machine. The spoon chain seeding device extracts the cut seed potatoes from the seed box 15 and first passes through the sensor A16. The sensors are divided into two rows, upper and lower rows. The lower sensor 24 is mainly used to count the seed spoons. There is a certain gap between the upper sensor 21 and the lower sensor 24. Sensor B5 is installed on the back side of the seed cylinder of the seeding device. Its layout is also upper and lower two layers, and the detection method is the same as that of sensor A16.

[0043] The rotary tillage and ridging device 8 is located behind the seed box 15, and cuts the soil on both sides of the machine path into pieces and throws them to the middle. The rear shaping plate 7 reshapes the soil into a potato ridge shape.

[0044] The weeding spraying device 14 continuously sprays herbicides during the ridge forming process, followed by the film hanging roller 9 and the film pressing roller 10 completing the film covering on the ridge surface, the drip irrigation tape device 13 lays the drip irrigation tape between the ridge surface and the film, the film pressing wheel 11 presses the two sides of the ridge tightly, and the covering shovel 12 shovels up the soil on the surface on both sides to press the two sides of the film tightly.

[0045] During operation, the electrical control box 6 controls the speed of the drive motor 17, and can adjust the speed according to the actual sowing spacing. Driven by the drive motor 17, the seed chain extracts the seed potatoes from the seed box by the seed spoon 23 for transportation. When passing through the sensor A16, the seed spoon 23 and the seed potatoes are detected. If there is no shortage of seeds in the seed spoon 23, the presence of seed potatoes in the seed spoon 23 prompts the height of the seed spoon 23 plus the seed potatoes to increase, and the height is greater than the distance between the upper sensor 21 and the lower sensor 24. In this case, the upper sensor 21 and the lower sensor 24 can be triggered at the same time, and the lower sensor 24 only counts the number of the seed spoon passing once to confirm that no seeds are missed.

[0046] If there is no seed potato in the seed spoon 23 when it passes through sensor A16, it is in a seed missing state. Then the distance between the upper sensor 21 and the lower sensor 24 must be greater than the height of the seed spoon 23, and the upper sensor 21 and the lower sensor 24 will not be triggered at the same time. At this time, the lower sensor 24 also counts once and transmits the seed missing signal to the intelligent control box 6. After analysis by the PLC, a rotation command is issued to the stepper motor 4. At this time, the micro potatoes in the seed refilling box will fall into the slide 27 through the seed refilling groove wheel 25. At the end of the slide 27, there is an electromagnetic telescopic rod 22, and the micro potatoes to be refilled will be blocked here. With the transmission of the seed missing spoon 23, when it passes through the sensor B5, it is detected that there is a lack of seeds in the seed spoon 23 again. At this time, the signal is transmitted to the control box 6 again, and the control box 6 will issue a command to the electromagnetic telescopic rod 22 to release the obstruction to the seed potatoes to be refilled. Then the replanted micro potatoes will fall to the seed missing position to fill the gap and complete the replanting.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the embodiments disclosed in the present invention may be used in combination with each other in any manner, and the fact that these combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification is only for the sake of omitting space and saving resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A potato missed seeding machine that can achieve high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding, characterized in that: include: A fixed frame (1), a fertilizing device (2), a granular medicine sowing device (20), a reseeding device (19), a seed discharge device (18), a seed leakage detection device, a rotary tillage and ridging device (8), a weeding and spraying device (14), and a film covering and soil covering device; A crossbeam (28) is provided in front of the two fixed frames (1), a suspension frame is installed on the crossbeam (28), a fertilizer trenching shovel (29) is installed in the middle of the crossbeam (28), a walking wheel (3) is installed on each of the two fixed frames (1), a rotary tillage and ridging device (8) is installed behind the fixed frames (1), and a drip irrigation tape laying device (13) and a film covering and soil covering device are provided behind the rotary tillage and ridging device (8); The fertilizing device (2) is located at the front of the machine body. When the tractor moves forward, the fertilizing trenching shovel (29) first breaks the soil. The fertilizing trenching shovel (29) has an upper fertilizer discharge pipe (31) and a lower fertilizer discharge pipe (30). The granular medicine broadcasting device (20) is located behind the fertilizer box, the granular medicine broadcasting device (20) contains insecticide granular medicine, and the granular medicine broadcasting device (20) is provided with a ground wheel chain driving groove wheel; The reseeding device (19) is installed between the medicine box and the seeding device (18), and the reseeding device (19) is connected to a stepping motor (4); The seeding device (18) is located in the middle of the whole machine. A sensor A (16) is installed on the upper part of the seed box of the seeding device (18). A sensor B (5) is installed on the back side of the seed barrel of the seeding device (18). The sensor A (16) and the sensor B (5) are divided into an upper sensor (21) and a lower sensor (24). There is a certain gap between the upper sensor (21) and the lower sensor (24). The rotary tillage and ridging device (8) is located behind the seed box (15), and a shaping plate (7) is installed behind the rotary tillage and ridging device (8); A film-hanging roller (9), a film-pressing roller (10), a drip irrigation belt device (13) and a film-pressing wheel (11) are arranged on one side of the weed-killing spraying device (14), and a soil-covering shovel (12) is installed at the end of the fixed frame (1); The seed leakage detection device comprises a sensor A (16) and a sensor B (5), wherein the sensor A (16) is mounted and fixed on the upper part of the seed box (15) and is close to one side of the seeding chain, and the sensor B (5) is mounted on the rear part of the seeding device (18) and is located on one side of the seeding cylinder; The reseeding device (19) mainly comprises a reseeding box, a groove wheel frame (26), a reseeding groove wheel (25), a stepping motor (4), a slideway (27) and an electromagnetic telescopic rod (22). The upper part of the reseeding box is fixed by a bending plate and a seed barrel, the middle part of the reseeding box is fixed by a reinforcing rib and a square tube on the groove wheel frame (26), the stepping motor (4) is positioned and matched with the arc-shaped opening at the bottom of the reseeding box through an annular groove on the edge, the two reseeding groove wheels (25) are positioned on the groove wheel frame (26) through two shafts and bearings, the groove wheel frame (26) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (1), the upper end of the slideway (27) is close to the bottom of the reseeding groove wheel (25), and the lower part of the slideway (27) is fixed to the bottom of the seeding device (18), and the electromagnetic telescopic rod (22) is installed at the middle and lower part of the slideway (27), and the electromagnetic telescopic rod (22) is fixed to the bottom of the seed barrel through a steel plate.

2. A potato missed seeding machine capable of achieving high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizing device (2) mainly comprises a fertilizing trenching shovel (29), a lower fertilizer discharge pipe (30) and an upper fertilizer discharge pipe (31); the fertilizing trenching shovel (29) is fixedly connected to a crossbeam (28) on a fixed frame via a cotter pin; the front portion of the lower fertilizer discharge pipe (30) is welded to the back of the fertilizing trenching shovel (29); the back of the lower fertilizer discharge pipe (30) and the front portion of the upper fertilizer discharge pipe (31) are fixed via bolts and nuts; and retaining plates are installed at the fertilizer discharge openings of the upper fertilizer discharge pipe (31) and the lower fertilizer discharge pipe (30).

3. A potato missed seeding machine capable of achieving high efficiency, precision and low missed seeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary tillage and ridging device (8) is installed at the rear of the seed box (15), and a group of rotary tillage blades are respectively installed on both sides of the rotary tillage and ridging device (8).

Images