Electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism and electric vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism and an electric vehicle, belonging to the technical field of electric vehicles: comprising a shell, a rotating lock block and a locking block, the battery pack is provided with a locking protrusion extending laterally, the rotating lock block is hinged to the shell, and is provided with a locking inclined surface; when the locking block puts the rotating lock block in a locked state, the locking inclined surface extends laterally outside the shell and is connected to the locking protrusion; when the locking block puts the rotating lock block in a released state, the locking inclined surface shrinks into the shell and disengages from the locking protrusion. The locking block of the present invention comprises a locking spring and a spring bracket arranged inside the locking spring, the locking spring can play a role of buffering and shock absorption, and compensate for dimensional errors to a certain extent. When multiple rotating lock blocks are used to lock the battery pack, and after repeated friction loss between the rotating lock block and the locking protrusion, the relative position of the rotating lock block and the locking protrusion can be automatically adjusted, so that the multiple rotating lock blocks are subjected to uniform force to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle battery pack installation, and in particular to an electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, the installation of electric vehicle battery packs is all done by threaded connection, that is, the battery pack is installed and fastened to the bottom plate of the vehicle body by screws or bolts. Threaded connection technology is mature, with simple structure, low cost, high safety and reliability. However, there is an obvious shortcoming of threaded connection, which is that it cannot be installed and disassembled quickly and repeatedly. The safety and reliability of threaded connection require that the contact between the screw / bolt and the nut must be relatively static and in a preset locking state, without loosening, and the force-bearing surface must be uniform, otherwise the threaded connection will fail, which will limit the number of repeated installation and disassembly of the battery pack. In addition, the installation points of battery packs of different models on the bottom plate of the vehicle body are different. If the battery pack is to be installed or disassembled, either the screws / bolts must be loosened one by one, or a special threaded disassembly tooling is used, which makes it difficult to design a universal battery pack unloading system to adapt to electric vehicles of different brands and models. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism and an electric vehicle, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that the electric vehicle battery pack installation structure has poor versatility, safety, and reliability, and cannot be quickly assembled and unassembled.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] An electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism: comprising a housing, a rotating lock block and a locking block, the battery pack is provided with a locking protrusion extending laterally, the rotating lock block is hinged to the housing and is provided with a locking inclined surface;

[0006] When the locking block puts the rotating locking block in a locked state, the locking inclined surface extends laterally outside the housing and is connected to the locking protrusion;

[0007] When the locking block puts the rotating locking block in a released state, the locking inclined surface shrinks into the shell and disengages from the locking protrusion.

[0008] Preferably, in the aforementioned electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism, the locking block can be vertically slidably connected to the cavity, and when the rotating locking block is in a locked state, the locking block is connected to the opposite side of the locking bevel of the rotating locking block, and when the rotating locking block is in a released state, the locking block is disengaged from the opposite side of the locking bevel of the rotating locking block.

[0009] Preferably, in the aforementioned electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism, the locking block includes a locking spring and a spring bracket arranged inside the locking spring.

[0010] Preferably, in the aforementioned electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism, the locking block is also provided with a driving guide rod, and the driving guide rod is connected to a driving device for driving the locking block to move.

[0011] Preferably, in the aforementioned electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism, the spring clip bracket and the locking spring clip are respectively provided with a crank arm groove 1 and a crank arm groove 2, the rotating locking block is provided with a locking block crank arm, the locking block crank arm is connected to the crank arm groove 1 and the crank arm groove 2, and when the locking block puts the rotating locking block in a released state, the end of the crank arm groove 1 and / or the crank arm groove 2 is connected to the locking block crank arm.

[0012] Preferably, in the aforementioned electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism, the rotating lock block is hinged to the shell through a lock block pin.

[0013] Preferably, in the aforementioned electric vehicle battery pack mounting and fastening mechanism, when the rotating lock block is in a locked state, the action center point of the locking protrusion and the locking slope is located at a relatively low position of the hinge point between the rotating lock block and the shell.

[0014] Preferably, in the aforementioned electric vehicle battery pack mounting and fastening mechanism, when the rotating lock block is in a locked state, the action center point of the locking protrusion and the locking slope is at a relatively high position of the hinge point between the rotating lock block and the shell.

[0015] An electric vehicle battery pack layout scheme includes any one of the above-mentioned electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanisms.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not use bolt connection to fix the battery pack, but uses the locking block to slide relative to the rotating lock block to unlock and lock the rotating lock block. When in the locked state, the locking slope is inclined upward and connected to the locking protrusion.

[0018] The locking block of the present invention includes a locking spring and a spring bracket arranged inside the locking spring. The locking spring itself has a certain elasticity, can play a certain buffering and shock-absorbing effect, and can compensate for dimensional errors to a certain extent. When the battery pack is locked by multiple rotating lock blocks, and after repeated friction loss between the rotating lock block and the locking protrusion, the relative position of the rotating lock block and the locking protrusion can be automatically adjusted, so that the multiple rotating lock blocks are evenly stressed to a certain extent.

[0019] Furthermore, during use, when the battery pack vibrates upward, such as when the vehicle bumps, the locking spring can drive the rotating lock block to continue rotating in the locking direction. When the battery pack falls back, it can have a shock-absorbing effect and reduce the impact force.

[0020] Since the external force on the locking block is mainly in the horizontal direction, to pull out the locking block, it is only necessary to overcome the friction between the locking block, the rotating locking block, and the housing. When removing the battery, the battery pack will be lifted a small height, which can also reduce the horizontal external force on the locking block, thereby reducing the above-mentioned friction. In short, only a relatively small force is required to pull out or insert the locking block, which is very conducive to using a solenoid valve or a pneumatic valve to control the pulling out and insertion of the locking block.

[0021] The present invention provides two locking methods, one is a "downward swing type" and the other is an "upward swing type". Due to the difference in structure, the two locking methods have their own characteristics. In practical applications, they can be configured according to specific circumstances.

[0022] Since locking and releasing can be achieved simply by driving the locking block to slide relative to the rotating locking block 2, the battery pack 5 can be replaced in a very short time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the present invention (swing type);

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the rotating lock block and the locking block of the present invention (swing type);

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the locking block of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a swing-down sectional view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a working process diagram of the swing type of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a working process diagram of the upper swing type of the present invention;

[0030] The meaning of the accompanying drawings: 1-housing; 2-rotating locking block; 3-spring bracket; 4-locking spring; 5-battery pack; 21-locking slope; 22-locking block pin; 23-locking block crank arm; 31-crank arm slot 1; 32-driving guide rod; 41-crank arm slot 2; 51-locking protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown: This embodiment discloses an electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism: including a shell 1, a rotating locking block 2 and a locking block, the battery pack 5 is provided with a laterally extending locking protrusion 51, because the locking protrusion 51 is laterally extended, the locking protrusion 51 and the part below the battery pack 5 that does not extend laterally form a downward inclined slope.

[0033] The rotating lock block 2 is hinged to the housing 1 and is provided with a locking inclined surface 21 , which matches the locking protrusion 51 .

[0034] During use, when the locking block puts the rotating lock block 2 in a locked state, the locking slope 21 extends laterally outside the shell 1. At this time, the locking slope 21 tilts upward and connects to the locking protrusion 51, thereby limiting the downward movement of the battery pack 5.

[0035] During the installation and removal of the battery pack 5, the locking state needs to be unlocked, that is, when the locking block makes the rotating lock block 2 in the released state, the locking slope 21 shrinks into the housing 1 and disengages from the locking protrusion 51. In practical applications, the locking slope 21 is usually shrunk to a vertical state.

[0036] The locking block of this embodiment can be vertically slidably connected to the cavity. When the rotating locking block 2 is in a locked state, the locking block is connected to the opposite side of the locking inclined surface 21 of the rotating locking block 2, and the locking inclined surface 21 is kept in an upwardly inclined state by squeezing the opposite side. When the rotating locking block 2 is in a released state, the locking block is disengaged from the opposite side of the locking inclined surface 21 of the rotating locking block 2.

[0037] It should be noted that the rotating locking block 2 of this embodiment is fan-shaped as a whole, that is, the fan has two planes arranged at both ends, and these two planes must be non-parallel. One of them is the locking bevel 21, and the other (the opposite side of the locking bevel 21) is used to connect with the locking block.

[0038] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The locking block of this embodiment includes a locking spring piece 4 and a spring piece bracket 3 arranged inside the locking spring piece 4. This structure is adopted because the locking spring piece 4 itself is a U-shaped structure. Although it has a certain elasticity, it cannot achieve reliable locking of the rotating lock block 2 by relying solely on its own elasticity. Therefore, the spring piece bracket 3 is arranged inside it to make it a nearly rigid part, which increases the reliability of the mechanism and reduces the risk. The elasticity of the locking spring piece 4 itself can compensate for the gap between the battery pack 5 and the rotating lock block 2.

[0039] In practical applications, the movement and motion trajectory of the locking block need to be controlled by an external mechanism. Therefore, the locking block of this embodiment is also provided with a driving guide rod 32, which is connected to a driving device for driving the locking block to move, such as a pneumatic cylinder, an oil cylinder, or a solenoid valve.

[0040] The spring bracket 3 and the locking spring 4 of this embodiment are respectively provided with a crank arm slot 1 31 and a crank arm slot 2 41, and the positions of the crank arm slot 1 31 and the crank arm slot 2 41 overlap. The rotating lock block 2 is provided with a lock block crank arm 23, and the lock block crank arm 23 is inserted into the inside of the crank arm slot 1 31 and the crank arm slot 2 41.

[0041] When the locking block makes the rotating locking block 2 in the released state, the end of the turning arm slot 1 31 and / or the turning arm slot 2 41 is connected to the locking block turning arm 23 ( Figure 6 The C state and Figure 7 In the C1 state), that is, at least one of the crank arm groove 1 31 and the crank arm groove 2 41 is closed at the end. In this embodiment, the end of the crank arm groove 1 31 is preferably designed to be closed, so that the rotating lock block 2 is in the unlocked state by pulling the locking block crank arm 23 through the end of the crank arm groove 1 31.

[0042] In this embodiment, the rotary locking block 2 is hinged to the housing 1 via a locking block pin 22 .

[0043] contrast Figure 4 and Figure 5 There are two locking methods for the rotating lock block 2 of this embodiment. One is Figure 4 The "downward swing" in the Figure 5 The "upward swing" in the .

[0044] The so-called "downward swing" means that when the rotating lock block 2 is in the locked state, the action center point of the locking protrusion 51 and the locking inclined surface 21 is at a relatively low position of the hinge point (locking block pin 22) between the rotating lock block 2 and the housing 1. The "action center point of the locking protrusion 51 and the locking inclined surface 21" recorded here can be understood as the center of the contact surface between the locking protrusion 51 and the locking inclined surface 21, that is, Figure 4 The intersection of the middle arrow F and the locking slope 21.

[0045] The so-called “upward swing type” means that when the rotating lock block 2 is in a locked state, the action center point of the locking protrusion 51 and the locking inclined surface 21 is located at a relatively high position of the hinge point between the rotating lock block 2 and the housing 1 .

[0046] When in use, before the battery pack 5 is installed, the locking block is in a pulled-out state relative to the housing 1. The pulled-out state here does not mean that it is completely separated from the housing 1. The end of the arm slot 1 pulls the locking block arm 23 to rotate the rotating locking block 2 to achieve unlocking. At this time, the locking inclined surface 21 is separated from the locking protrusion 51, and the entire battery pack 5 can be installed or removed. When the battery pack 5 moves upward to a preset height, the locking block is fully inserted into the housing 1, and its side surface presses the rotating locking block 2, so that the locking inclined surface 21 is in an upward tilted state, and its upward tilt angle is equal to the angle of the locking protrusion 51, so that the two inclined surfaces can fit in parallel to form a surface contact.

[0047] The above working process can be found in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 A and A1 indicate the locked state, B and B1 indicate the intermediate process of unlocking (not completely unlocked yet), and C and C1 indicate the unlocked state.

[0048] The advantage of the "downward swing type" is that the driving device for driving the guide rod 32 is at the upper end, which can reduce the size of the lower end of the housing 1. The advantage of the "upward swing type" is more obvious, see Figure 5 Although the battery pack 5 also generates a horizontal thrust F3 on the rotating lock block 2, the force F creates a certain friction between the two fitting surfaces, and the downward force F4 creates a rotation torque that rotates the rotating lock block 2 in the locking direction. Under the action of the above friction and rotation torque, even if the locking block is detached from the housing 1, the rotating lock block 2 can still be in a locked state. This is related to the friction coefficient between the two inclined surfaces and the angle of the inclined surfaces, which will not be analyzed in detail here. For the above reasons, compared with the "swing type", since it can self-lock through friction, it is safer and can also have a greater bearing capacity, so the strength of the lock block pin 22 is also required to be higher.

[0049] This embodiment also discloses an electric vehicle, comprising the electric vehicle battery pack mounting and fastening mechanism described above in this embodiment. In most cases, an electric vehicle can be equipped with four battery pack mounting and fastening mechanisms, and the housing 1 is mounted on the vehicle body or is part of the vehicle body.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, this embodiment does not use bolt connection to fix the battery pack 5, but uses the locking block to slide relative to the rotating lock block 2 to unlock and lock the rotating lock block 2. When in the locked state, the locking slope 21 is inclined upward and connected to the locking protrusion 51.

[0051] The locking block of this embodiment includes a locking spring piece 4 and a spring piece bracket 3 arranged inside the locking spring piece 4. The locking spring piece 4 itself has a certain elasticity, can play a certain buffering and shock-absorbing effect, and can compensate for the size error to a certain extent. When the battery pack 5 is locked by multiple rotating lock blocks 2, and after repeated friction loss between the rotating lock block 2 and the locking protrusion 51, the relative position of the rotating lock block 2 and the locking protrusion 51 can be automatically adjusted, so that the multiple rotating lock blocks 2 are evenly stressed to a certain extent.

[0052] Furthermore, during use, when the battery pack 5 vibrates upward, such as when the vehicle bumps, the locking spring 4 can drive the rotating lock block 2 to continue rotating in the locking direction. When the battery pack 5 falls back, it can have a shock-absorbing effect and reduce the impact force.

[0053] Since the external force on the locking block is mainly in the horizontal direction ( Figure 4 F1 and Figure 5 F3 in the figure, if you want to pull out the locking block, you only need to overcome the friction between the locking block and the rotating locking block 2 and the housing 1. When removing the battery, the battery pack 5 will be lifted a little higher, which can also reduce the horizontal external force on the locking block, thereby reducing the above-mentioned friction. In short, only a relatively small force is required to pull out or insert the locking block, which is very conducive to using a solenoid valve or a pneumatic valve to control the pulling out and insertion of the locking block.

[0054] This embodiment provides two locking methods, one is a "downward swing" and the other is an "upward swing". In actual applications, they can be configured according to actual conditions.

[0055] Since locking and releasing can be achieved simply by driving the locking block to slide relative to the rotating locking block 2, the battery pack 5 can be replaced in a very short time. In recent years, some automobile manufacturers have proposed electric vehicle replacement stations. If the battery pack installation and fastening mechanism described in the present invention is used, the replacement time of the battery pack can be greatly reduced.

[0056] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a housing (1), a rotating lock block (2) and a locking block, wherein the battery pack (5) is provided with a laterally extending locking protrusion (51), and the rotating lock block (2) is hinged to the housing (1) and is provided with a locking inclined surface (21); When the locking block places the rotating locking block (2) in a locked state, the locking inclined surface (21) extends laterally outside the housing (1) and is connected to the locking protrusion (51); When the locking block causes the rotating locking block (2) to be in a released state, the locking inclined surface (21) contracts into the housing (1) and disengages from the locking protrusion (51); The locking block comprises a locking spring piece (4) and a spring piece bracket (3) arranged inside the locking spring piece (4); The spring plate bracket (3) and the locking spring plate (4) are respectively provided with a first crank arm slot (31) and a second crank arm slot (41); the rotating lock block (2) is provided with a locking block crank arm (23); the locking block crank arm (23) is connected to the first crank arm slot (31) and the second crank arm slot (41); when the locking block puts the rotating lock block (2) in a released state, the end of the first crank arm slot (31) and / or the second crank arm slot (41) is connected to the locking block crank arm (23); The locking block can be vertically slidably connected to the cavity; when the rotating locking block (2) is in a locked state, the locking block is connected to the opposite side of the locking inclined surface (21) of the rotating locking block (2); when the rotating locking block (2) is in a released state, the locking block is disengaged from the opposite side of the locking inclined surface (21) of the rotating locking block (2).

2. The electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking block is also provided with a driving guide rod (32), and the driving guide rod (32) is connected to a driving device for driving the locking block to move.

3. The electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating locking block (2) is hinged to the housing (1) via a locking block pin (22).

4. The electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the rotating lock block (2) is in a locked state, the action center point of the locking protrusion (51) and the locking inclined surface (21) is located relatively low to the hinge point between the rotating lock block (2) and the housing (1).

5. The electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the rotary lock block (2) is in a released state, the action center point of the locking protrusion (51) and the locking inclined surface (21) is located at a relatively high position of the hinge point between the rotary lock block (2) and the housing (1).

6. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: An electric vehicle battery pack installation and fastening mechanism comprising any one of claims 1 to 5.

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