Percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebroplasty device

Abstract

A percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebroplasty device relates to the technical field of medical devices. The device includes a targeting screw, an expansion stent, an inner sleeve, and an outer sleeve; the nail rod of the targeting screw is a hollow rod body with an external thread, and a target hole and a plurality of infiltration holes are provided on the circumference of the nail rod, and a through hole connecting the nail rod cavity is provided on the nail cap of the targeting screw; the expansion stent is composed of a plurality of expansion mesh tubes with a mesh wall and elasticity, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are both elastic tubes, and the outer sleeve can be inserted into the inner cavity of the nail rod of the targeting screw, the inner sleeve can be inserted into the tube cavity of the outer sleeve, and the expansion stent can be inserted into the tube cavity of the inner sleeve after radial compression; there are two symmetrically arranged direction control lines on the inner sleeve, which are used to control the front end of the inner sleeve to align with the target. The device provided by the present invention is used for vertebroplasty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to medical instrument technology, in particular to a percutaneous stent expansion bone scraping vertebral body shaping device technology. Background Art

[0002] Patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can gradually improve after conservative treatment, but about 1 / 3 of patients will have obvious low back pain and kyphosis. In imaging, the vertebral body may show wedge-shaped or "double concave sign" changes, and some may show "vacuum sign" or fractures with intravertebral fissure signs. Some patients with vertebral fractures will have cavities at the site of the vertebral fracture, and there is dead bone in the cavity. This type of vertebral fracture is difficult to heal. Percutaneous vertebroplasty can increase the strength and stability of the vertebral body by injecting bone cement into the vertebral fracture site.

[0003] At present, percutaneous vertebroplasty is a classic minimally invasive spinal surgery technique for the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures. However, this treatment method cannot effectively restore the height of the compressed vertebrae for different forms of compression fractures (anterior column, middle column, and posterior column fractures). Moreover, the treatment effect is poor for vertebral fractures with cleft syndrome, because the presence of necrotic bone around it is not conducive to the diffusion of bone cement. Bone cement cannot fuse with the surrounding bone to disperse the pressure, but concentrates the pressure on the surrounding fragile bone, thereby increasing the risk of bone cement leakage in the spinal canal, causing nerve compression, and often cannot treat nonunion of fractures. The instrument of percutaneous kyphoplasty adopts a balloon expansion scheme, which sets a balloon at the front end of the catheter, first uses the catheter to send the balloon to the vertebral body, and then inflates the balloon through the catheter, using the balloon to prop up a cavity at the target part of the vertebral body (while squeezing the surrounding bone), and then the balloon is depressurized and withdrawn together with the catheter, and then bone cement is injected into the cavity propped up at the target part of the vertebral body. The defect is that after the airbag is depressurized, the cavity expanded by the airbag will collapse, or even be backfilled, so that the injected bone cement cannot effectively support the vertebral body, resulting in poor stability of the vertebral body after surgery, affecting the surgical effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebral body shaping device which can improve the stability of the vertebral body after surgery.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebroplasty device, which is characterized by comprising a targeting screw, an expansion stent, an inner sleeve, and an outer sleeve;

[0006] The targeting screw is composed of a nail rod and a nail cap. The nail rod is a hollow rod body with external threads, and a target hole and a plurality of seepage holes are formed on the circumference of the nail rod. The target hole and the seepage holes are through holes connected to the internal cavity of the nail rod, and the target hole is located at the front end of the internal cavity of the nail rod, and the aperture of the target hole is larger than the aperture of the seepage hole. The nail cap is fixed at the rear end of the nail rod, and a through hole connected to the internal cavity of the nail rod is formed on the nail cap.

[0007] The expandable stent is composed of a plurality of expandable mesh tubes with mesh walls and elasticity, and the diameters of the expandable mesh tubes are different, and the expandable mesh tubes with small diameters can be inserted into the expandable mesh tubes with large diameters, and the expandable mesh tubes can be detached from each other;

[0008] The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are both elastic tubes with openings at both ends. The outer sleeve can be inserted into the inner cavity of the nail rod, and the front end of the outer sleeve can pass through the target hole on the nail rod. The front part of the tube wall of the outer sleeve is provided with two directional holes. The inner sleeve can be inserted into the lumen of the outer sleeve, and the front end of the inner sleeve can pass through the directional holes at the front of the outer sleeve and the front end of the outer sleeve. The expansion stent can be inserted into the lumen of the inner sleeve after radial compression, and can pass through the front end of the inner sleeve.

[0009] There are two symmetrically arranged direction control lines on the inner sleeve, a movable adjustment cap is provided at the rear end pipe mouth of the inner sleeve, the front ends of the two direction control lines are fixedly connected to the front end of the tube wall of the inner sleeve, the rear ends of the two direction control lines are fixedly connected to the adjustment cap, and the line bodies of the two direction control lines are movably matched with the tube wall of the inner sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the nail cap is detachably fixed to the rear end of the nail rod.

[0011] The percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebral shaping device provided by the present invention can use targeted screws to scrape dead bone at the target part of the vertebral body to promote the healing of the target part of the vertebral body, and can use the expansion stent to directionally expand the target part of the vertebral fracture, and the targeted screws and the expansion stent do not need to be withdrawn, so the expanded part will not collapse. The bone cement injected through the targeted screws and the expansion stent can also be injected with biological materials such as artificial bone, which can be effectively diffused through the infiltration holes on the expansion stent and the nail rod, and can effectively support the vertebral body, maintain the vertebral body height to avoid long-term collapse, correct spinal kyphosis, and improve postoperative vertebral stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a targeting screw in a percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebroplasty device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion stent, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve in the percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebroplasty device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 , Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebroplasty device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following is a further detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but this embodiment is not intended to limit the present invention. All similar structures and similar variations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The commas in the present invention all represent the relationship of and.

[0016] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebroplasty device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is characterized by comprising a targeting screw, an expansion stent 3, an inner sleeve 5, and an outer sleeve 4;

[0017] The targeting screw is composed of a nail rod 1 and a nail cap 2. The nail rod 1 is a hollow rod body with external threads, and a target hole 11 and a plurality of seepage holes 12 are provided on the circumference of the nail rod. The target hole and the seepage holes are through holes connected to the internal cavity of the nail rod, and the target hole 11 is located at the front end of the internal cavity of the nail rod, and the aperture of the target hole is larger than the aperture of the seepage hole. The nail cap 2 is detachably fixed to the rear end of the nail rod, and a through hole 21 connected to the internal cavity of the nail rod is provided on the nail cap. The fixing method of the nail cap 2 and the nail rod can adopt a threaded connection, a snap connection, or the like.

[0018] The expandable stent 3 is composed of a plurality of expandable mesh tubes with mesh walls and elasticity, and the diameters of the expandable mesh tubes are different, and the expandable mesh tubes with small diameters can be inserted into the expandable mesh tubes with large diameters, and the expandable mesh tubes can be detached from each other;

[0019] The inner sleeve 5 and the outer sleeve 4 are both elastic tubes with openings at both ends. The outer sleeve 4 can be inserted into the inner cavity of the nail rod, and the front end of the outer sleeve 4 can pass through the target hole 11 on the nail rod. The front part of the tube wall of the outer sleeve is provided with two directional holes 41. The inner sleeve 5 can be inserted into the lumen of the outer sleeve, and the front end of the inner sleeve 5 can pass through the directional holes 41 at the front of the outer sleeve and the front end of the outer sleeve. The expansion stent 3 can be inserted into the lumen of the inner sleeve 5 after radial compression, and can pass through the front end of the inner sleeve.

[0020] There are two symmetrically arranged direction control lines 6 on the inner sleeve 5, and a movable adjustment cap 7 is provided at the rear end pipe mouth of the inner sleeve. The front ends of the two direction control lines 6 are fixedly connected to the front end of the pipe wall of the inner sleeve 5, and the rear ends of the two direction control lines 6 are fixedly connected to the adjustment cap 7. The line bodies of the two direction control lines are movably matched with the pipe wall of the inner sleeve.

[0021] The embodiment of the present invention is used for vertebroplasty, and its operation method is as follows:

[0022] like Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, the puncture needle is first used to puncture the patient's target part 9 (vertebral cavity position), and then the targeting screw 10 is screwed into the target position from the puncture hole. The necrotic bone in the vertebral cavity can be scraped by rotating the thread, and then the outer sleeve 4 is inserted into the inner cavity of the nail rod, and the front end of the outer sleeve 4 is passed through the target hole 11 on the nail rod, and then the inner sleeve 5 is inserted into the lumen of the outer sleeve, and according to the damaged condition of the patient's target part 9, one of the two directional holes 41 at the front of the outer sleeve and the front end of the outer sleeve is selected as the front end outlet of the inner sleeve, and then the two direction control lines 6 are controlled by adjusting the cap 7 to be loose and tight, so that the front end of the inner sleeve 5 is bent toward the selected outlet and passed through the selected outlet, so that the outer sleeve provides a channel with controllable direction for the inner sleeve to push the bracket into the targeted position and inject biological materials such as bone cement or artificial bone. Then, the expandable stent 3 is radially compressed and inserted into the inner sleeve 5, and the expandable stent 3 is pushed by the stent push rod 8 (the stent push rod is a prior art, and its structure is recorded in other patent documents) to move along the lumen of the inner sleeve and finally come out through the front end tube opening of the inner sleeve (reaching the target position). After the expandable stent 3 comes out from the front end tube opening of the inner sleeve, it will expand autonomously to prop up the vertebral injury part of the target part 9, and then the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve can be withdrawn to the body, and then the bone cement injector 11 is used to inject the biomaterial 12 such as bone cement or artificial bone into the vertebral injury part of the target part 9 through the internal cavity of the nail rod of the targeting screw 10. After the injection, the biomaterial 12 such as bone cement or artificial bone can be combined with the expandable stent 3 to form a firm and stable combination to jointly support the vertebral injury part of the target part 9. The expandable stent 3 will gather the biomaterials such as bone cement or artificial bone together, and will not cause the biomaterials such as bone cement or artificial bone to excessively diffuse around the vertebral body, which can prevent the biomaterials such as bone cement or artificial bone from affecting the surrounding normal vertebral bodies.

[0023] The nail cap 2 can be removed from the nail rod 1 to achieve the function of a zero-profile screw and reduce stimulation to surrounding muscle tissue. The nail cap 2 can also be left on the nail rod 1 to facilitate connection with other vertebral screws through a steel rod during subsequent surgery to achieve docking of the upper and lower segments.

Claims

1. A percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebroplasty device, characterized in that: It includes a targeting screw, an expandable stent, an inner sleeve, and an outer sleeve; The targeting screw is composed of a nail rod and a nail cap. The nail rod is a hollow rod body with external threads, and a target hole and a plurality of seepage holes are formed on the circumference of the nail rod. The target hole and the seepage holes are through holes connected to the internal cavity of the nail rod, and the target hole is located at the front end of the internal cavity of the nail rod, and the aperture of the target hole is larger than the aperture of the seepage hole. The nail cap is fixed at the rear end of the nail rod, and a through hole connected to the internal cavity of the nail rod is formed on the nail cap. The expandable stent is composed of a plurality of expandable mesh tubes with mesh walls and elasticity, and the diameters of the expandable mesh tubes are different, and the expandable mesh tubes with small diameters can be inserted into the expandable mesh tubes with large diameters, and the expandable mesh tubes can be detached from each other; The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are both elastic tubes with openings at both ends. The outer sleeve can be inserted into the inner cavity of the nail rod, and the front end of the outer sleeve can pass through the target hole on the nail rod. The front part of the tube wall of the outer sleeve is provided with two directional holes. The inner sleeve can be inserted into the lumen of the outer sleeve, and the front end of the inner sleeve can pass through the directional holes at the front of the outer sleeve and the front end of the outer sleeve. The expansion stent can be inserted into the lumen of the inner sleeve after radial compression, and can pass through the front end of the inner sleeve. There are two symmetrically arranged direction control lines on the inner sleeve, a movable adjustment cap is provided at the rear end pipe mouth of the inner sleeve, the front ends of the two direction control lines are fixedly connected to the front end of the tube wall of the inner sleeve, the rear ends of the two direction control lines are fixedly connected to the adjustment cap, and the line bodies of the two direction control lines are movably matched with the tube wall of the inner sleeve.

2. The percutaneous stent expansion and bone scraping vertebroplasty device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nail cap is detachably fixed to the rear end of the nail rod.

Images