A solar cell edge cleaning device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar cell edge cleaning device, belonging to the field of photovoltaic solar processing equipment. It includes a feeding machine, an edge cleaning machine, and a discharging machine arranged in sequence; the feeding machine includes a frame, a conveying mechanism and a lifting and adjusting mechanism arranged on the frame, a first clamping and positioning component is arranged on one side of the frame, and a plurality of guiding and positioning rollers are arranged on the side opposite to the first clamping and positioning component; the edge cleaning machine includes a machine table, a plurality of linear driving mechanisms and a working platform arranged on the machine table, and a lifting and transmission mechanism arranged below the working platform, and the plurality of linear driving mechanisms enclose a rectangular processing area; a laser cleaning head is arranged on the linear driving mechanism; the lifting and transmission mechanism includes a plurality of roller units, and the rollers of the roller units can lift through roller through holes opened on the working platform. The present invention can effectively clean the edges of solar cells, has a high degree of automation and efficiency, and causes less edge thermal influence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] It belongs to the field of photovoltaic solar energy processing equipment, and specifically relates to a solar cell edge cleaning device. Background Art

[0002] Solar cells usually consist of a solar cell substrate and a thin film layer structure attached to the solar cell glass substrate. For example, in a perovskite solar cell, the thin film layer on the solar cell substrate includes a transparent conductive layer, a perovskite layer (or a film layer of other materials), and a conductive layer from bottom to top. In the production process of solar cells, edge cleaning is carried out along the edge of the solar cell glass substrate to prevent short - circuit between the thin film layer and the metal frame or moisture ingress, which may reduce the conductivity when the solar cell is installed on the metal. Therefore, edge cleaning of solar cells is an essential process in the manufacturing process of solar cells.

[0003] However, in the traditional solar cell edge cleaning process, usually a high - power infrared laser is used to complete the edge cleaning process. However, this process will cause a large edge thermal impact on the solar cell during the edge cleaning process, thus affecting the conductivity and overall performance of the solar cell. In addition, there are some new processing technologies and equipment. For example, the invention patent application document with the application number 202010361352.5 discloses a film removal method, a substrate processing method, and a substrate processing device; and the patent document with the application number 201080050150.3 also discloses a manufacturing method of a solar cell module and a manufacturing device of a solar cell module. However, it is found through research that these existing technologies still cannot effectively clean the edges of solar cells during the edge cleaning process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical Problem: The present invention provides an edge cleaning device that can effectively clean the edges of solar cells, which can not only clean the edges of solar cells, but also has high efficiency and small edge thermal impact.

[0005] Technical Solution: The present invention provides a solar cell edge cleaning device, which includes a loading machine, an edge cleaning machine, and an unloading machine arranged in sequence; the loading machine includes a frame, a conveying mechanism and a lifting and adjusting mechanism arranged on the frame. A first clamping and positioning component is arranged on one side of the frame, and a plurality of guiding and positioning rollers are arranged on the side opposite to the first clamping and positioning component.

[0006] The edge cleaning machine includes a machine platform, a plurality of linear drive mechanisms and a working platform arranged on the machine platform, and a lifting and conveying mechanism arranged below the working platform. The plurality of linear drive mechanisms enclose a rectangular processing area, and the working platform is located in the rectangular processing area; a laser cleaning head is arranged on the linear drive mechanism; the lifting and conveying mechanism includes a number of roller units, and the rollers of the roller units can lift through roller through-holes opened on the working platform. The solar cells are automatically loaded by a loading machine, then automatically edge-cleaned on the edge cleaning machine, and after the edge cleaning is completed, they are automatically unloaded by an unloading machine, realizing effective edge cleaning of the solar cells.

[0007] Further, the laser cleaning head includes a fixing frame, a fine motion module arranged at the upper end of the fixing frame, a first laser system arranged on the fine motion module, and a second laser system arranged at the lower part of the fixing frame, so that through the cooperation of the two laser systems, efficient edge cleaning of the solar cells is realized, and the edge thermal influence on the solar cells during the edge cleaning process is reduced.

[0008] Further, the linear drive mechanisms are all arranged vertically, which can ensure the height tolerance and parallelism of the working table surface, eliminate the influence of machining errors during equipment manufacturing, and is easy to install and debug.

[0009] Further, a number of second clamping and positioning components are arranged on the machine platform, and the number of the second clamping and positioning components is located on the side of the rectangular working area, and is used for clamping and positioning the solar cells on the edge cleaning machine.

[0010] Further, a number of air holes are arranged on the working platform, and air is blown or sucked through the air holes to float the solar cells above the working platform or adsorb them on the surface of the working platform. On the one hand, the solar cells can be floated above the working platform for position adjustment; on the other hand, the solar cells can be adsorbed on the surface of the working platform so that their positions do not change during edge cleaning.

[0011] Further, a laser power detection device is arranged on the machine platform and is used for detecting the power of the laser system.

[0012] Further, the first laser system includes a first laser, a first reflector and a focusing lens. The laser beam emitted by the first laser is reflected by the first reflector and then enters the focusing lens, and is emitted after being focused by the focusing lens. The system structure is compact and simple.

[0013] Further, the second laser system includes a second laser, a second reflector, a galvanometer scanner and a field lens. The laser beam emitted by the second laser is reflected by the second reflector and then sequentially enters the galvanometer scanner and the field lens and then is emitted. The whole system structure is compact and simple.

[0014] Furthermore, a dust suction hood is provided on the focusing lens. The dust suction hood is provided with a laser through hole and a dust extraction port. The laser beam coming out of the focusing lens passes through the laser through hole, so that dust can be sucked during the edge cleaning process, avoiding the influence of smoke and dust on the solar cell.

[0015] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism includes a first driving component, a transmission component and a plurality of transmission units. The first driving component is belt-driven with the first driving component through a first synchronous belt; each transmission unit includes a transmission shaft and a plurality of transmission wheels arranged on the transmission shaft. One end of the transmission shaft is provided with a slave friction wheel; the transmission component includes a transmission shaft, and a plurality of main friction wheels corresponding to the slave friction wheels are arranged on the transmission shaft, and the transmission is carried out through the friction between the main friction wheel and the slave friction wheel.

[0016] Furthermore, the jacking and adjusting mechanism includes a jacking frame and a second driving component for driving the jacking frame. A plurality of supporting units are arranged on the jacking frame. Each supporting unit includes a supporting plate and a plurality of universal balls arranged on the supporting plate. The supporting unit is located between any two adjacent transmission units.

[0017] Furthermore, a blocking component is arranged on one side of the frame for blocking the solar cell to prevent it from continuing to be transported forward.

[0018] Furthermore, the structure of the blanking machine is the same as that of the loading machine, thus avoiding repeated design.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses a loading machine to automatically load solar cells, then automatically clean the edges on an edge cleaning machine. After the edge cleaning is completed, automatic blanking is carried out through a blanking machine, realizing effective edge cleaning of solar cells, with high automation and high efficiency.

[0020] Moreover, the loading machine in the edge cleaning equipment of the present invention can preliminarily adjust the position of the solar cell during the loading process, thus avoiding large-scale adjustment on the edge cleaning machine; at the same time, when the edge cleaning machine is cleaning the edge, driven by a linear guide rail, the first laser system in the laser cleaning head is used to scribe the solar cell, dividing the solar cell into effective areas, and then the second laser system is used to remove the ineffective areas. In this way, the edge thermal influence on the solar cell during the edge cleaning process is effectively reduced, avoiding affecting the performance of the solar cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the solar cell edge cleaning equipment in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the loading machine in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view at position A in

[0024] Figure 4 is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view at position B in

[0025] Figure 5 is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view at position C in

[0026] Figure 6 is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view at position D in

[0027] Figure 7 is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view at position E in

[0028] Figure 8 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the glass loader in the embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 9 is Figure 8 The partial enlarged view at position F in

[0030] Figure 10 is the three-dimensional general assembly diagram of the edge cleaning machine in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 is Figure 10 The partial enlarged view at position G in

[0032] Figure 12 is Figure 10 The partial enlarged view at position H in

[0033] Figure 13 is the three-dimensional diagram of the edge cleaning machine in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 14 is the side view of the edge cleaning machine in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 15 is Figure 14 The partial enlarged view at position I in

[0036] Figure 16 is the top view of the edge cleaning machine in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 17 is Figure 16 The partial enlarged view at position J in

[0038] Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of the edge cleaning process of solar cells;

[0039] Figure 19 Schematic installation diagram of the linear drive mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 20 Stereogram of the laser cleaning head in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 21 Stereogram of the laser cleaning head from another perspective in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of the laser light path in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 23 Structural diagram of the dust suction hood in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 100, loading machine; 110, frame; 120, conveying mechanism; 121, first driving component; 122, transmission component; 1221, transmission shaft; 1222, main friction wheel; 123, transmission unit; 1231, transmission shaft; 1232, transmission wheel; 1233, driven friction wheel; 1234, bearing seat; 124, first synchronous belt; 1241, driving synchronous belt pulley; 1242, driven synchronous belt pulley; 130, lifting and adjusting mechanism; 131, lifting frame; 132, second driving component; 133, supporting unit; 1331, support plate; 1332, universal ball; 140, first clamping and positioning component; 150, guiding and positioning roller; 160, blocking component; 170, sensor; 200, edge cleaning machine; 210, machine table; 220, linear drive mechanism; 230, working platform; 231, air hole; 232, roller through hole; 233, air connection component; 240, lifting and transmission mechanism; 241, roller unit; 2411, roller; 2412, transmission wheel; 2413, cross beam; 2414, transmission belt; 242, support body; 250, laser cleaning head; 251, fixing frame; 252, micro motion module; 253, first laser system; 2531, first laser; 2532, first reflector; 2533, focusing lens; 254, second laser system; 2541, second laser; 2542, second reflector; 2543, galvanometer; 2544, field lens; 255, dust suction hood; 2551, laser through hole; 2552, dust extraction port; 260, second clamping and positioning component; 270, laser power detection device; 300, unloading machine; Detailed implementation mode

[0045] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the attached drawings of the specification. It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. are only for convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations on the quantity, etc.

[0046] Figure 1The perspective view of the edge cleaning device of the present invention is shown, in combination with Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the edge cleaning device includes: a loading machine 100, an edge cleaning machine 200, and an unloading machine 300 arranged in sequence. Among them, the structures of the loading machine 100 and the unloading machine are the same. When using this device to clean the edges of solar cells, loading is performed through the loading machine 100, edge cleaning is completed on the edge cleaning machine 200, and then unloading is performed through the unloading machine 300, realizing the automation of the edge cleaning process of solar cells.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, in combination with Figure 2-9 , the solar cell loading machine includes a frame 110, a conveying mechanism 120 arranged on the frame 110, and a lifting and adjusting mechanism 130. Among them, a first clamping and positioning component 140 is arranged on one side of the frame 110, and a plurality of guiding and positioning rollers 150 are arranged on the side opposite to the first clamping and positioning component 140; since in the specific implementation process, the size of the solar cell is uncertain, the number of the first clamping and positioning components 140 and the number of the guiding and positioning rollers 150 can be set according to the size of the solar cell in the actual application process. And, in an ideal setting method, all the first clamping and positioning components 140 are arranged on one side of the frame 110, and then all the guiding and positioning rollers 150 are arranged on the side opposite to the first clamping and positioning component 140. Of course, in other embodiments, the first clamping and positioning components 140 can also be arranged on both sides of the frame 110, and then the guiding and positioning rollers 150 are arranged on the opposite side. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first clamping and positioning component 140 adopts a cylinder or an electric cylinder. Through the extension of the cylinder or the electric cylinder, the position of the solar cell is finely adjusted, and in cooperation with the guiding and positioning rollers 150, the solar cell is clamped and positioned.

[0048] The conveying mechanism 120 of the loading machine 100 can convey the solar cell along the conveying direction (such as Figure 2 the Y direction in

[0049] ), and after the solar cell is placed on the conveying mechanism 120, the conveying mechanism 120 drives the solar cell to move forward along the Y direction so as to enter the edge cleaning machine 200. The function of the lifting and adjusting mechanism 130 is that when the solar cell is on the loading machine 100, it can lift the solar cell. After lifting, through the mutual cooperation of the first clamping and positioning component 140 and the guiding and positioning rollers 150, the angle and position of the solar cell are adjusted once, so as to be in a relatively accurate position before entering the edge cleaning machine 200, so that when the edge cleaning operation is performed on the edge cleaning machine 200, large-scale position adjustment is not required.

[0050] In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, a blocking member 160 is provided on the frame 110. Its purpose is to block the solar cells on the loader when there are solar cells being processed on the edge trimming machine 200, preventing the solar cells from continuing to move forward. After the solar cells on the edge trimming machine 200 are processed, the solar cells are then allowed to continue to be transported forward and are unloaded through the unloader 300. In the embodiments of the present invention, the blocking member 160 can be implemented using a pneumatic cylinder or an electric cylinder. By extending the pneumatic cylinder or the electric cylinder, the solar cells are blocked during the loading process. The structure of the unloader 300 is the same as that of the loader 100. Then, the blocking member can block the solar cells during the unloading process to prevent the solar cells from falling off the unloader 300.

[0051] When loading using the solar cell loader of the present invention, the initial state of the lifting and adjusting mechanism is in the lowered state. After the solar cells are placed on the loader, under the action of the conveying mechanism 120, the solar cells are transported forward. The blocking member 160 extends. When the solar cells encounter the block of the blocking member 160 and stop, the lifting and adjusting mechanism 130 lifts the solar cells. Then, the first clamping and positioning member 140 extends and pushes one side of the solar cells. Then, the opposite side is restricted by the guiding and positioning rollers 150. Under the action of the first clamping and positioning member 140 and the guiding and positioning rollers 150, the solar cells are adjusted and positioned. Then, the first clamping and positioning member 140 retracts, and the lifting and adjusting mechanism 130 lowers, placing the solar cells back on the conveying mechanism 120. When it is necessary to transport the solar cells to the edge trimming machine 200, the blocking member 160 retracts, and the solar cells are transported to the edge trimming machine 200.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, the conveying mechanism 120 includes a plurality of transmission units 123, a transmission component 122, and a first driving component 121. Among them, the number of the transmission units 123 can be adjusted according to the specific size of the solar cell. When the size of the solar cell is relatively large, the number thereof can be increased to ensure the stable transmission of the solar cell. Specifically, the transmission unit 123 includes a transmission shaft 1231 and a plurality of transmission wheels 1232 provided on the transmission shaft 1231. The transmission shaft 1231 is arranged perpendicular to the transmission direction of the solar cell and can be specifically arranged on the frame 110 through two bearing seats 1234. A driven friction wheel 1233 is arranged at one end of the transmission shaft 1231. The transmission component 122 includes a transmission shaft 1221. For transmission, a plurality of main friction wheels 1222 corresponding to the driven friction wheels 1233 are arranged on the transmission shaft 1221. In the embodiment of the present invention, the transmission shaft 1221 is arranged along the Y direction, that is, perpendicular to the transmission shaft 1231. The transmission component 122 and the transmission unit 123 are driven by friction wheels. The main friction wheel contacts the driven friction wheel and is driven by friction. Of course, in other embodiments, the main friction wheel and the driven friction wheel can also be replaced with gears. The first driving component 121 uses a motor, and the motor and the transmission component are belt-driven through a first synchronous belt 124. Specifically, a driving synchronous belt pulley 1241 is arranged on the output shaft of the motor, a driven synchronous belt pulley 1242 is arranged on the transmission shaft 1221, and they are connected by the first synchronous belt 124. When the motor rotates, power is transmitted to the transmission component 122 through the first synchronous belt 124, and then the transmission component transmits the power to the transmission unit 123, and the transmission unit 123 drives the solar cell to move forward. Through the above structure, the solar cell can be stably transmitted during the conveying process.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the lifting and adjusting mechanism 130 includes a lifting frame 131 and a second driving component 132 for driving the lifting frame 131. A plurality of supporting units 133 are arranged on the lifting frame 131, and the number of the supporting units 133 can also be designed according to the gears of the solar cell. Among them, the second driving component 132 can use a cylinder or an electric cylinder. The supporting unit 133 includes a support plate 1331 and a plurality of universal balls 1332 arranged on the support plate 1331. The supporting unit 133 is located between any two adjacent transmission units 123. For example, in Figure 2 the structure shown, four supporting units 133 are arranged, and a plurality of universal balls 1332 are arranged on each supporting unit 133, so as to ensure that the solar cell is stably lifted.

[0054] In addition, in order to detect the position of the solar cell, in an embodiment of the present invention, sensors 170 are provided at multiple positions on the frame 110. In one embodiment, in order to avoid contact with the solar cell, a photoelectric sensor is used.

[0055] Combined with Figure 10-17 , the edge cleaning machine includes: a machine table 210, multiple linear drive mechanisms 220, a working platform 230, and a lifting and transmission mechanism 240; in an embodiment of the present invention, the linear drive mechanism can adopt a linear motor, a linear module, etc. For example, in a preferred solution of the present invention, four linear motors are adopted. The four linear motors are all arranged on the machine table 210 and enclose a rectangular processing area. Since the solar cell is rectangular, it is necessary to clean the four sides of the rectangle simultaneously to improve production efficiency. Generally, the solar cell is rectangular, with two opposite long sides and two opposite short sides. Therefore, among the four linear motors, there are two relatively arranged long-stroke linear motors and two relatively arranged short-stroke linear motors, so that the formed rectangular area is similar to the shape of the solar cell. The linear motor can adopt an existing high-precision linear motor. A laser cleaning head is arranged on each linear motor. Then each linear motor can drive a laser cleaning head to move along a preset movement trajectory to complete the cleaning of one side of the solar cell. Therefore, when the four linear motors drive their respective laser cleaning heads 250 to work simultaneously, the four sides of the solar cell can be cleaned simultaneously, effectively improving production efficiency.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present invention, the laser cleaning head 250 includes a fixed frame 251, a micro-motion module 252 arranged at the upper end of the frame 110, a first laser system 253 arranged on the micro-motion module 252, and a second laser system 254 arranged at the lower part of the frame 110. When using the edge cleaning machine of the present invention to clean the edge of the solar cell, first, the laser emitted by the first laser system 253 is used to scribe the solar cell, and under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the thin film layer on the surface of the solar cell is divided into an effective area (the area to be retained) and an ineffective area (the area to be removed), as Figure 18 shown, and then the second laser system 254 is used to remove the thin film in the ineffective area under the drive of the linear drive mechanism 220.

[0057] The working platform 230 is arranged on the machine 210 and located in the rectangular processing area, and its function is to support the solar cell. In the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of air holes 231 are formed on the working platform 230. By blowing air or sucking air through the air holes 231, the solar cell can be levitated above the working platform 230 or adsorbed on the surface of the working platform 230. A gas receiving component 233 is arranged below the working platform 230. The gas receiving component 233 is communicated with the air holes 231. By connecting the gas receiving component 233 to an external air compressor or the like, the air holes can blow air or suck air outwards, so that the solar cell is levitated above the working platform or adsorbed on the surface of the working platform.

[0058] The lifting and transmission mechanism 240 is used to lift or lower the solar cell and can also make the solar cell be transmitted forward. In the embodiment of the present invention, the lifting and transmission mechanism is arranged below the working platform 230. The lifting and transmission mechanism 240 includes a plurality of roller transmission units 123. The rollers 2411 of the roller transmission unit 123 can pass through the working platform 230 through the roller through holes 232 formed on the working platform 230. When it is necessary to lift the solar cell, the rollers 2411 pass through the working platform and move upwards, so as to support the solar cell to rise. When it is necessary to lower the solar cell, the rollers 2411 descend, so that the solar cell descends; and when it is necessary to transmit the solar cell forward, the rollers 2411 rotate to transmit the solar cell forward.

[0059] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the lifting and transmission mechanism 240 includes a support body 242, a third driving component, a fourth driving component, and the above-mentioned plurality of roller transmission units 123. The roller transmission units 123 are arranged on the support body 242. The roller transmission unit 123 includes a cross beam 2413, a plurality of transmission wheels 2412 arranged on the cross beam 2413, and a plurality of the above-mentioned rollers 2411. The rollers 2411 and the transmission wheels 2412 are driven by a transmission belt 2414. The third driving component can adopt an electric cylinder, a cylinder or an oil cylinder. By using the third driving component to push the support body 242 to move up and down, the roller unit can move up and down, and then drive the solar cell to lift and lower. The fourth driving component 132 can adopt a motor, a hydraulic motor or the like to drive the transmission wheels 2412 to rotate, so as to drive all the rollers 2411 to rotate to transmit the solar cell.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the four linear drive mechanisms are all arranged vertically, so as to ensure the height tolerance and parallelism with the tabletop of the working platform 230. Taking the linear motor as an example, during the manufacturing process of the machine, due to the deformation of the square tube during the welding process of the large-format square tube and the stress release deformation during processing, the installation reference error tolerance of the linear motor is relatively large (±0.03 mm), and the substrate processing thickness tolerance of the long-stroke linear motor (2200 mm is used in an embodiment of the present invention) is relatively large (±0.02 mm). When installed on the front, the error will deviate from the design requirements by ≥±0.05 mm. The straightness of the long-stroke linear motor can reach 0.008 mm. By using the side-mounted installation, the influence corresponding to the processing error can be eliminated, and the installation and debugging are convenient. For reference, see Figure 19 .

[0061] Adjusting Y1 and Y2 can make the running straightness of the linear motor parallel to the tabletop Z3 of the workbench, and adjusting X1 and X2 can make the distance between the linear motor and the tabletop of the workbench consistent during operation.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, in combination with Figure 20 and Figure 21 , the first laser system 253 includes a first laser 2531, a first reflector 2532 and a focusing lens 2533. The laser beam emitted by the first laser 2531 is reflected by the first reflector 2532 and then enters the focusing lens 2533, and is emitted after being focused by the focusing lens 2533. When trimming the edges of the solar cell, the first laser system 253 is used to divide the thin film on the surface of the solar cell into an effective area and an ineffective area. Generally, when dividing the area of the solar cell, a laser with a very high power is not required. Moreover, in order to reduce the thermal influence on the edges of the solar cell, the smaller the power of the first laser, the better. However, if it is too small, it will affect the efficiency. Therefore, the problem of balancing efficiency and thermal influence must be solved. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first laser 2531 uses a laser with a power range of 10-30 W, which can reduce the cost of the equipment. In addition, the first reflector 2532 reflects the laser emitted by the first laser 2531 by 90° and then enters the focusing lens 2533. After being focused by the focusing lens 2533, it is projected onto the surface of the solar cell. Driven by the linear drive mechanism 220, the area division is completed.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second laser system 254 includes a second laser 2541, a second mirror 2542, a galvanometer 2543, and a field lens 2544. The laser beam emitted by the second laser 2541 is reflected by the second mirror 2542 and then enters the galvanometer 2543 and the field lens 2544 in sequence and then exits. The second laser system 254 is mainly used to remove the thin film in the invalid area, and the invalid area has been separated from the valid area. During the removal process, it will no longer have a large thermal impact on the valid area. Therefore, a laser with a relatively high power can be used. Therefore, in the implementation of the present invention, a laser with a power range of 100-500W is selected. When continuing to remove the invalid area, the laser beam emitted by the second laser 2541 is reflected by the second mirror 2542 by 90° and then enters the galvanometer 2543. The galvanometer 2543 can focus the beam, which exits through the field lens 2544. And by swinging the galvanometer 2543, flying marking is performed, and under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the removal of the invalid area is completed. By using the above method, the thermal impact on the edge of the solar cell during the edge cleaning process can be effectively reduced, and the performance of the solar cell can be prevented from being affected. The optical path formed by the two laser systems is as Figure 22 shown.

[0064] A number of second clamping and positioning components 260 are provided on the machine table 210. The number of the second clamping and positioning components 260 needs to be determined according to the size of the solar cell applied by the laser edge cleaning machine. When the laser edge cleaning machine is suitable for processing large-sized solar cells, several more second clamping and positioning components 260 can be provided. Specifically, the second clamping and positioning components 260 are arranged outside the linear drive mechanism, that is, outside the rectangular processing area, and in order to clamp and position the solar cell, they can be arranged oppositely. In an embodiment of the present invention, the second clamping and positioning component 260 can adopt a cylinder or an electric cylinder. Then, when clamping and positioning the solar cell, only by extending the cylinder rod of the cylinder or the electric cylinder, the solar cell can be positioned at the accurate processing position, with a simple structure and convenient control.

[0065] Furthermore, because high-temperature soot is easily generated during the laser edge cleaning process, and if the soot falls on the solar cell, it is very likely to damage the surface of the cell. Therefore, it is necessary to suck away the soot in time. In an embodiment of the present invention, a dust suction hood 255 is provided on the focusing lens 2533, as Figure 23As shown, the dust suction hood 255 is provided with a laser through hole 2551 and a dust extraction port 2552. Among them, the dust extraction port 2552 can be connected to a dust suction device, and the laser beam emerging from the focusing lens 2533 passes through the laser through hole 2551. In this way, the laser beam emerging from the focusing lens 2533 can be emitted perpendicular to the dust suction hood 255, and the dust suction hood 255 can completely cover the working area of the laser beam emerging from the focusing lens 2533, thereby improving the dust suction efficiency. The second laser system 254 is approximately opposite to the first laser system 253. Thus, when the second laser system 254 is operating, the soot can also be sucked away by the dust suction hood 255 at any time, thereby avoiding the influence of the soot on the battery.

[0066] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a laser power detection device 270 is provided on the machine table 210. Specifically, the laser power detection device 270 is arranged at the initial position of the laser cleaning head 250. In the present invention, the initial position of the laser cleaning head 250 is at the intersection of the two linear drive mechanisms, that is, the corner position of the rectangular working area. Because the power of four laser cleaning heads 250 needs to be detected, at least two laser power detection devices need to be set, which are respectively arranged at two corners of the rectangular working area. In actual engineering, it is only necessary to detect the power of the laser emitted by the second laser system. Therefore, before the edge cleaning of the solar cell, the laser emitted by the second laser system is first directed onto the laser power detection device to detect whether the power of the laser reaches the process requirements.

[0067] The complete process of edge cleaning using the edge cleaning device in the above embodiments is described again below. When the solar cell reaches the loader 100, under the action of the conveying mechanism 120, the solar cell is transported forward. The blocking member 160 extends. When the solar cell encounters the block of the blocking member 160, it stops. The lifting and adjusting mechanism 130 lifts the solar cell, and then the first clamping and positioning member 140 extends, pushing one side of the solar cell, and the opposite side is restricted by the guiding and positioning roller 150. Under the action of the first clamping and positioning member 140 and the guiding and positioning roller 150, the solar cell is adjusted and positioned. Then the first clamping and positioning member 140 retracts, and the lifting and adjusting mechanism 130 drops, placing the solar cell back on the conveying mechanism 120. When there is no solar cell being processed on the edge cleaning machine 200 and the edge cleaning machine is in the reset state and the laser cleaning head is in the initial position, the lifting and conveying mechanism 240 rises, and the roller 2411 of the lifting and conveying mechanism rotates. At this time, the blocking member 160 retracts, and the solar cell is conveyed to the edge cleaning machine 200. Under the action of the roller 2411, the solar cell is transported forward to the set position, and the roller 2411 stops. Then the lifting and conveying mechanism descends, and the working platform 230 blows air outwards to float the solar cell above the working platform. The second clamping and positioning member 260 is started to clamp and position the solar cell. Then the second clamping and positioning member retracts, and the air pressure outside is gradually reduced, causing the solar cell to fall onto the surface of the working platform and adsorbing the solar cell. Then the first laser system is started, and under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the solar cell is scribed to divide the film layer on the surface of the solar cell into an effective area and an ineffective area. Then the second laser system is started, and under the drive of the linear drive mechanism, the film in the ineffective area is removed. After the removal is completed, the linear drive mechanism returns to its original position, and the laser cleaning head returns to the initial position. Then the lifting and conveying mechanism rises, and under the action of the roller, the edge-cleaned solar cell is transported forward to the unloader to complete the unloading.

[0068] When using the edge cleaning device in the above embodiments to clean the edges of solar cells, it can not only effectively clean the edges of solar cells, but also has a high degree of automation, little edge thermal impact on solar cells, and ensures the performance of solar cells.

[0069] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and equivalent replacements can be made. These technical solutions obtained by improving and equivalently replacing the claims of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell edge cleaning device, characterized in that, It includes a loading machine (100), an edge cleaning machine (200), and a unloading machine (300) arranged in sequence; the loading machine (100) includes a frame (110), a conveying mechanism (120) and a lifting and adjusting mechanism (130) arranged on the frame (110), a first clamping and positioning component (140) is arranged on one side of the frame (110), and a plurality of guiding and positioning rollers (150) are arranged on the side opposite to the first clamping and positioning component (140); The edge cleaning machine (200) includes a machine table (210), a plurality of linear driving mechanisms (220) and a working platform (230) arranged on the machine table (210), a lifting and transmission mechanism (240) arranged under the working platform (230), the plurality of linear driving mechanisms (220) enclose a rectangular processing area, and the working platform (230) is located in the rectangular processing area; a laser cleaning head (250) is arranged on the linear driving mechanism (220); the lifting and transmission mechanism (240) includes a plurality of roller units (241), and the rollers (2411) of the roller units (241) can pass through the roller through holes (232) opened on the working platform (230) for lifting: The laser cleaning head (250) includes a fixing frame (251), a fine motion module (252) arranged at the upper end of the fixing frame (251), a first laser system (253) arranged on the fine motion module (252), and a second laser system (254) arranged at the lower part of the fixing frame (251); A plurality of second clamping and positioning components (260) are arranged on the machine table (210), and the plurality of second clamping and positioning components (260) are located on the side of the rectangular working area; A plurality of air holes (231) are arranged on the working platform (230), and air is blown or sucked through the air holes (231) to levitate the solar cell above the working platform (230) or adsorb it on the surface of the working platform (230); A blocking component (160) is arranged on one side of the frame (110); When there is no solar cell being processed on the edge cleaning machine (200), and the edge cleaning machine is in the reset state, the laser cleaning head is in the initial position, the lifting and transmission mechanism (240) rises, the rollers (2411) of the lifting and transmission mechanism rotate, at this time, the blocking component (160) retracts, and the solar cell is conveyed to the edge cleaning machine (200); under the action of the rollers (2411), the solar cell is conveyed forward to the set position, the rollers (2411) stop, then the lifting and transmission mechanism descends, the working platform (230) blows air outwards to levitate the solar cell above the working platform, the second clamping and positioning component (260) is started to clamp and position the solar cell; then the second clamping and positioning component retracts, and the external air pressure is gradually reduced to make the solar cell fall on the surface of the working platform and adsorb the solar cell; The first laser system (253) scribes the solar cell to divide the solar cell into an effective area and an ineffective area, and the second laser system (254) clears the ineffective area; the first laser power emitted by the first laser system is less than the second laser power emitted by the second laser system.

2. The edge cleaning device for solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that The linear drive mechanisms (220) are all arranged vertically.

3. The edge cleaning device for solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, A laser power detection device (270) is provided on the machine platform (210).

4. The edge cleaning device for solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first laser system (253) includes a first laser (2531), a first reflector (2532) and a focusing lens (2533). The laser beam emitted by the first laser (2531) is reflected by the first reflector (2532) and then enters the focusing lens (2533), and is emitted after being focused by the focusing lens (2533).

5. The edge cleaning device for solar cells according to claim 1, wherein, The second laser system (254) includes a second laser (2541), a second reflector (2542), a galvanometer (2543) and a field lens (2544). The laser beam emitted by the second laser (2541) is reflected by the second reflector (2542) and then sequentially enters the galvanometer (2543) and the field lens (2544) and then is emitted.

6. The edge cleaning device for solar cells according to claim 4, characterized in that, A dust suction hood (255) is provided on the focusing lens (2533). The dust suction hood (255) is provided with a laser through hole (2551) and a dust extraction port (2552). The laser beam coming out of the focusing lens (2533) passes through the laser through hole (2551).

7. The edge cleaning device for solar cells according to claim 1, wherein, The conveying mechanism (120) includes a first driving component (121), a transmission component (122) and a plurality of transmission units (123). The first driving component (121) is in belt drive with the first driving component (121) through a first synchronous belt (124); each transmission unit (123) includes a transmission shaft (1231) and a plurality of transmission wheels (1232) arranged on the transmission shaft (1231). One end of the transmission shaft (1231) is provided with a slave friction wheel (1233); the transmission component (122) includes a transmission shaft (1221), and a plurality of main friction wheels (1222) corresponding to the slave friction wheels (1233) are arranged on the transmission shaft (1221), and transmission is carried out through the friction between the main friction wheels (1222) and the slave friction wheels (1233).

8. The edge cleaning device for solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting and adjusting mechanism (130) includes a lifting frame (131) and a second driving component (132) for driving the lifting frame (131). A plurality of supporting units (133) are arranged on the lifting frame (131). Each supporting unit (133) includes a supporting plate (1331) and a plurality of universal balls (1332) arranged on the supporting plate (1331). The supporting unit (133) is located between any two adjacent transmission units (123).

9. The edge cleaning device for solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blanking machine (300) has the same structure as the loading machine (100).

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