Solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system integrated with hydrogen storage and operation strategy

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated hydrogen energy storage solid oxide fuel cell combined supply system and an operation strategy, comprising a water electrolysis hydrogen production and energy storage subsystem, a solid oxide fuel cell power generation subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem and an absorption refrigeration / heat production subsystem. The system utilizes wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and cheap valley electricity to produce green hydrogen through a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, and realizes efficient energy storage by combining mechanical compression. Meanwhile, the system adopts a solid oxide fuel cell using hydrogen as fuel to generate power, realizes green, efficient and zero-emission power generation, recovers the compression heat generated in the hydrogen and oxygen compression process and the exhaust gas residue of the gas turbine in the fuel cell system through a waste heat recovery system, and finally uses a double-effect absorption refrigeration machine / heat pump to meet the cooling / heating demand. The application can effectively suppress the intermittency and volatility of wind power generation and solar power generation, store wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and cheap valley electricity, realize efficient power generation and cascade utilization of energy, and meet the energy demand of users for cold, heat, electricity, hydrogen and oxygen.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the hydrogen energy storage and combined cooling, heat and power (CCHP) technology field, in particular to a solid oxide fuel cell CCHP system integrated with hydrogen energy storage and an operation strategy. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development and increasing share of renewable energy, the instability and extreme weather conditions cause the power output of renewable energy to fluctuate seriously, which greatly affects the stable operation of the power grid. At the same time, the installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power is rapidly increasing, and due to the insufficient power grid accommodation capacity, the phenomenon of abandoned wind and light frequently occurs. The most feasible solution to solve these problems is to combine renewable energy with energy storage systems. Green hydrogen energy storage, with its sustainability, cleanliness, high energy density and transportability, has become a feasible and promising solution.

[0003] Proton exchange membrane electrolysis cells are widely used in the production of green hydrogen due to their technical, economic advantages and faster response speed. Solid oxide fuel cells are a kind of high-efficiency power generation equipment, which have the characteristics of low emission, small size, flexibility and the like. The use of traditional carbon-based fuels (methane, CO, etc.) can easily lead to carbon deposition in solid oxide fuel cells, thereby affecting their operating performance.

[0004] Therefore, the application is provided. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to provide a solid oxide fuel cell CCHP system integrated with hydrogen energy storage and an operation strategy, which can solve the following technical problems: (1) stabilizing the unstable and fluctuating power output of renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy; (2) storing the surplus power of wind power and photovoltaic power and cheap valley electricity; (3) solving the problem of carbon deposition in the operation of solid oxide fuel cells; (4) meeting the energy demand of users for cold, heat, electricity, hydrogen and oxygen.

[0006] The first object of the application is to provide a solid oxide fuel cell CCHP system integrated with hydrogen energy storage, which comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen energy storage subsystem, a solid oxide fuel cell power generation subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem and an absorption refrigeration / heat generation subsystem, and the subsystems are connected through pipelines and valves.

[0007] The hydrogen storage subsystem for electrolysis of water comprises: a proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101), a hydrogen compressor (102), a hydrogen cooler (103), a hydrogen storage tank (104), a gas-liquid separator (105), an oxygen compressor (106), an oxygen cooler (107), and an oxygen storage tank (108); the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101) is powered by wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation or renewable surplus power and cheap valley power, the cathode outlet of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101) is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen compressor (102), the outlet of the hydrogen compressor (102) is connected with the gas side inlet of the hydrogen cooler (103), and the gas side outlet of the hydrogen cooler (103) is connected with the hydrogen storage tank (104); the anode outlet of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101) is connected with the gas-liquid separator (105), the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (105) is connected with the gas side inlet of the oxygen compressor (106), the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (105) is connected with the outlet of the first feed water pump (309), the outlet of the oxygen compressor (106) is connected with the gas side inlet of the oxygen cooler (107), and the gas side outlet of the oxygen cooler (107) is connected with the oxygen storage tank (108).

[0008] The solid oxide fuel cell electron system comprises a hydrogen primary preheater (201), an oxygen primary preheater (202), a hydrogen turbine (203), an oxygen turbine (204), a hydrogen secondary preheater (205), a rear combustion chamber temperature regulating water superheater (206), a solid oxide fuel cell (207), a direct current alternating current inverter (208), a rear combustion chamber (209) and a gas turbine (210); the hydrogen primary preheater (201) is connected with the hydrogen storage tank (104) and the hydrogen turbine (203) respectively at the inlet and outlet, the hydrogen turbine (203) is connected with the hydrogen secondary preheater (205) at the outlet, and the hydrogen secondary preheater (205) is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell (207) at the anode inlet; the oxygen primary preheater (202) is connected with the oxygen storage tank (108) and the oxygen turbine (204) respectively at the inlet and outlet, the oxygen turbine (204) is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell (207) at the cathode inlet after mixing with the oxygen from the outlet of the rear combustion chamber temperature regulating water superheater (206); the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is connected with the rear combustion chamber (209) at the anode outlet, and the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is divided into two paths, one of which is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell (207) at the cathode inlet after mixing with the oxygen from the outlet of the oxygen turbine (204) and sequentially passing through the hydrogen secondary preheater (205), the hydrogen primary preheater (201), the oxygen primary preheater (202) and the rear combustion chamber temperature regulating water superheater (206); the other path of the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is connected with the rear combustion chamber (209) at the inlet, and the rear combustion chamber (209) is connected with the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303) at the gas side inlet through the gas turbine (210); the rear combustion chamber temperature regulating water superheater (206) is connected with the rear combustion chamber (209) at the inlet.

[0009] The waste heat recovery subsystem comprises a cold oil storage tank (301), a low-temperature oil pump (302), a waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303), a post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water evaporator (304), an adiabatic high-temperature oil storage tank (305), a high-temperature oil pump (306), a post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water preheater (307), an oil-water heat exchanger (308), a first feed water pump (309), a first regulating valve (310), a second regulating valve (311), a heat exchanger (312), a third regulating valve (313), a fourth regulating valve (314), an adiabatic water storage tank (315), and a second feed water pump (316); the outlet of the cold oil storage tank (301) is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature oil pump (302), the outlet of the low-temperature oil pump (302) is divided into two paths, and is connected with the oil side inlets of the oxygen cooler (107) and the hydrogen cooler (103) respectively; the oil side outlets of the oxygen cooler (107) and the hydrogen cooler (103) are mixed, and then are connected with the inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303), the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water evaporator (304), and the adiabatic high-temperature oil storage tank (305); the outlet of the adiabatic high-temperature oil storage tank (305) is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature oil pump (306), the outlet of the high-temperature oil pump (306) is connected with the oil side inlet of the high-pressure generator (401), the oil side outlet of the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water preheater (307) is connected with the oil side inlet of the oil-water heat exchanger (308), and the oil side outlet of the oil-water heat exchanger (308) is connected with the inlet of the cold oil storage tank (301); the gas side outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303) is connected with the inlets of the first regulating valve (310) and the second regulating valve (311), the outlet of the first regulating valve (310) is connected with the gas side inlet of the low-pressure generator (402), the gas side outlet of the low-pressure generator (402) is connected with the adiabatic water storage tank (315) through the fourth regulating valve (314), the outlet of the second regulating valve (311) is connected with the adiabatic water storage tank (315) through the heat exchanger (312) and the third regulating valve (313), the outlet of the adiabatic water storage tank (315) is divided into two paths, one path is mixed with the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (105) through the first feed water pump (309), and then enters the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101), and the other path is connected with the inlet of the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water superheater (206) through the second feed water pump (316), the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water preheater (307), and the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water evaporator (304).

[0010] The waste heat recovery subsystem uses heat-conducting oil as the heat exchange working medium.

[0011] The absorption refrigeration / heating subsystem comprises a high-pressure generator (401), a low-pressure generator (402), a condenser (403), an evaporator (404), an absorber (405), a low-temperature heat exchanger (406), a high-temperature heat exchanger (407), a fifth regulating valve (408), a sixth regulating valve (409), a seventh regulating valve (411), an eighth regulating valve (412), a cooling tower (410), a first throttling valve (413), a second throttling valve (414), a first solution pump (415), a second solution pump (416), a third throttling valve (417), and a fourth throttling valve (418); the gaseous phase outlet of the high-pressure generator (401) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (403) via the low-pressure generator (402) and the first throttling valve (413), the outlet of the condenser (403) is connected to the inlet of the evaporator (404) via the fourth throttling valve (418), the outlet of the evaporator (404) is connected to the inlet of the absorber (405), the absorber (405) is divided into two paths after passing through the first solution pump (415) and the low-temperature heat exchanger (406), one path is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure generator (402), and the other path is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure generator (401) via the second solution pump (416) and the high-temperature heat exchanger (407); the liquid phase outlet of the high-pressure generator (401) is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure generator (402) via the high-temperature heat exchanger (407) and the second throttling valve (414); the liquid phase outlet of the low-pressure generator (402) is connected to the inlet of the absorber (405) via the low-temperature heat exchanger (406) and the third throttling valve (417); the gaseous phase outlet of the low-pressure generator (402) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (403); the chilled water return water and the chilled water supply water are connected to the water side inlet and outlet of the evaporator (404), respectively; the outlet of the fifth regulating valve (408) is connected to the inlet of the eighth regulating valve (412) via the absorber (405) and the condenser (403); the outlet of the sixth regulating valve (409) is connected to the inlet of the seventh regulating valve (411) via the absorber (405) and the condenser (403), the outlet of the seventh regulating valve (411) is connected to the inlet of the cooling tower (410), and the outlet of the cooling tower (410) is connected to the inlet of the sixth regulating valve (409).

[0012] The second object of the present application is to provide an integrated hydrogen energy storage solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system operation strategy, comprising the following contents:

[0013] To meet the cooling load and heating load demand in different seasons, the absorption refrigeration / heating subsystem (4) and the heat exchanger (312) are operated by regulating valves to switch between heating and cooling modes.

[0014] In summer, the first regulating valve (310), the fourth regulating valve (314), the sixth regulating valve (409) and the seventh regulating valve (411) are opened, the second regulating valve (311), the third regulating valve (313), the fifth regulating valve (408) and the eighth regulating valve (412) are closed; the absorption refrigeration / heat pump subsystem operates in the refrigeration mode, and the exhaust gas of the gas turbine (210) is transported to the low-pressure generator (402) after being cooled by the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303) to produce more chilled water.

[0015] In the transition season, to meet the refrigeration and heating requirements at the same time, the first regulating valve (310) and the fourth regulating valve (314) are closed, the second regulating valve (311) and the third regulating valve (313) are opened, the sixth regulating valve (409) and the seventh regulating valve (411) are opened, and the fifth regulating valve (408) and the eighth regulating valve (412) are closed; the exhaust gas of the gas turbine (210) enters the heat exchanger (312) to produce heating water after being cooled by the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303); the absorption refrigeration / heat pump subsystem operates in the refrigeration mode to produce chilled water.

[0016] To meet the more heating requirements in winter, the first regulating valve (310) and the fourth regulating valve (314) are closed, the second regulating valve (311) and the third regulating valve (313) are opened, the sixth regulating valve (409) and the seventh regulating valve (411) are closed, and the fifth regulating valve (408) and the eighth regulating valve (412) are opened; the exhaust gas of the gas turbine (210) enters the heat exchanger (312) to produce heating water after being cooled by the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303); the absorption refrigeration / heat pump subsystem operates in the heating mode to produce heating water.

[0017] By using the above-mentioned application, the unstable and fluctuating output of renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy can be effectively smoothed; wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and cheap valley electricity can be stored; the problem of carbon deposition during the operation of the solid oxide fuel cell can be solved; and cold, heat and electricity can be supplied flexibly according to user requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system integrated with hydrogen energy storage; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] As Figure 1The first object of the present application is to provide a solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system integrated with hydrogen storage energy, which comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production and energy storage subsystem, a solid oxide fuel cell power generation subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem and an absorption refrigeration / heat subsystem, and the subsystems are connected through pipelines and valves.

[0021] The water electrolysis hydrogen production and energy storage subsystem (1) comprises a proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101), a hydrogen compressor (102), a hydrogen cooler (103), a hydrogen storage tank (104), a gas-liquid separator (105), an oxygen compressor (106), an oxygen cooler (107) and an oxygen storage tank (108); the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101) is powered by wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation or renewable excess power and cheap valley electricity, the cathode outlet of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101) is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen compressor (102), the outlet of the hydrogen compressor (102) is connected with the gas side inlet of the hydrogen cooler (103), and the gas side outlet of the hydrogen cooler (103) is connected with the hydrogen storage tank (104); the anode outlet of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101) is connected with the gas-liquid separator (105), the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (105) is connected with the gas side inlet of the oxygen compressor (106), the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (105) is connected with the outlet of the first feed water pump (309), the outlet of the oxygen compressor (106) is connected with the gas side inlet of the oxygen cooler (107), and the gas side outlet of the oxygen cooler (107) is connected with the oxygen storage tank (108).

[0022] The solid oxide fuel cell power generation system comprises a hydrogen primary preheater (201), an oxygen primary preheater (202), a hydrogen turbine (203), an oxygen turbine (204), a hydrogen secondary preheater (205), a rear combustion chamber temperature control water superheater (206), a solid oxide fuel cell (207), a direct current alternating current inverter (208), a rear combustion chamber (209) and a gas turbine (210); the hydrogen primary preheater (201) is connected with the hydrogen storage tank (104) and the hydrogen turbine (203) respectively at the outlet and the inlet, the hydrogen turbine (203) is connected with the hydrogen secondary preheater (205) at the outlet, and the hydrogen secondary preheater (205) is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell (207) at the anode inlet; the oxygen primary preheater (202) is connected with the oxygen storage tank (108) and the oxygen turbine (204) respectively at the outlet and the inlet, the oxygen turbine (204) is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell (207) at the cathode inlet after mixing with the oxygen from the outlet of the rear combustion chamber temperature control water superheater (206); the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is connected with the rear combustion chamber (209) at the anode outlet, and the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is divided into two paths, one of which is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell (207) at the cathode inlet after mixing with the oxygen from the outlet of the oxygen turbine (204) and sequentially passing through the hydrogen secondary preheater (205), the hydrogen primary preheater (201), the oxygen primary preheater (202) and the rear combustion chamber temperature control water superheater (206); the other path of the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is connected with the rear combustion chamber (209) at the inlet, and the rear combustion chamber (209) is connected with the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303) at the gas side inlet through the gas turbine (210); the rear combustion chamber temperature control water superheater (206) is connected with the rear combustion chamber (209) at the inlet.

[0023] The unreacted oxygen from the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is divided into two paths, one of which is used to preheat hydrogen, oxygen and temperature control water, and the amount of oxygen is calculated according to the energy balance of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) to ensure stable operation of the fuel cell; the other path is stoichiometrically calculated according to the amount of unreacted hydrogen from the anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) to ensure complete reaction with hydrogen in the rear combustion chamber.

[0024] The waste heat recovery subsystem comprises a cold oil storage tank (301), a low-temperature oil pump (302), a waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303), a post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water evaporator (304), an adiabatic high-temperature oil storage tank (305), a high-temperature oil pump (306), a post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water preheater (307), an oil-water heat exchanger (308), a first feed water pump (309), a first regulating valve (310), a second regulating valve (311), a heat exchanger (312), a third regulating valve (313), a fourth regulating valve (314), an adiabatic water storage tank (315), and a second feed water pump (316); the outlet of the cold oil storage tank (301) is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature oil pump (302), the outlet of the low-temperature oil pump (302) is divided into two paths, and is connected with the oil side inlets of the oxygen cooler (107) and the hydrogen cooler (103) respectively; the oil side outlets of the oxygen cooler (107) and the hydrogen cooler (103) are mixed, and then are connected with the inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303), the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water evaporator (304), and the adiabatic high-temperature oil storage tank (305); the outlet of the adiabatic high-temperature oil storage tank (305) is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature oil pump (306), the outlet of the high-temperature oil pump (306) is connected with the oil side inlet of the high-pressure generator (401), the oil side outlet of the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water preheater (307) is connected with the oil side inlet of the oil-water heat exchanger (308), and the oil side outlet of the oil-water heat exchanger (308) is connected with the inlet of the cold oil storage tank (301); the gas side outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303) is connected with the inlets of the first regulating valve (310) and the second regulating valve (311), the outlet of the first regulating valve (310) is connected with the gas side inlet of the low-pressure generator (402), the gas side outlet of the low-pressure generator (402) is connected with the adiabatic water storage tank (315) through the fourth regulating valve (314), the outlet of the second regulating valve (311) is connected with the adiabatic water storage tank (315) through the heat exchanger (312) and the third regulating valve (313), the outlet of the adiabatic water storage tank (315) is divided into two paths, one path is mixed with the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (105) through the first feed water pump (309), and then enters the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101), and the other path is connected with the inlet of the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water superheater (206) through the second feed water pump (316), the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water preheater (307), and the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water evaporator (304).

[0025] The waste heat recovery subsystem uses heat-conducting oil as the heat exchange working medium.

[0026] The absorption refrigeration / heating subsystem comprises a high-pressure generator (401), a low-pressure generator (402), a condenser (403), an evaporator (404), an absorber (405), a low-temperature heat exchanger (406), a high-temperature heat exchanger (407), a fifth regulating valve (408), a sixth regulating valve (409), a seventh regulating valve (411), an eighth regulating valve (412), a cooling tower (410), a first throttling valve (413), a second throttling valve (414), a first solution pump (415), a second solution pump (416), a third throttling valve (417) and a fourth throttling valve (418); the gaseous phase outlet of the high-pressure generator (401) is connected with the inlet of the condenser (403) through the low-pressure generator (402) and the first throttling valve (413), the outlet of the condenser (403) is connected with the inlet of the evaporator (404) through the fourth throttling valve (418), the outlet of the evaporator (404) is connected with the inlet of the absorber (405), the absorber (405) is divided into two paths after passing through the first solution pump (415) and the low-temperature heat exchanger (406), one path is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure generator (402), and the other path is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure generator (401) through the second solution pump (416) and the high-temperature heat exchanger (407); the liquid phase outlet of the high-pressure generator (401) is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure generator (402) through the high-temperature heat exchanger (407) and the second throttling valve (414); the liquid phase outlet of the low-pressure generator (402) is connected with the inlet of the absorber (405) through the low-temperature heat exchanger (406) and the third throttling valve (417); the gaseous phase outlet of the low-pressure generator (402) is connected with the inlet of the condenser (403); the chilled water return water and the chilled water supply water are connected with the water side inlet and outlet of the evaporator (404) respectively; the outlet of the fifth regulating valve (408) is connected with the inlet of the eighth regulating valve (412) through the absorber (405) and the condenser (403); the outlet of the sixth regulating valve (409) is connected with the inlet of the seventh regulating valve (411) through the absorber (405) and the condenser (403), the outlet of the seventh regulating valve (411) is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower (410), and the outlet of the cooling tower (410) is connected with the inlet of the sixth regulating valve (409).

[0027] The second object of the present application is to provide an operation strategy of the integrated hydrogen energy storage solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system, characterized in that the operation strategy comprises the following contents:

[0028] In order to meet the cooling load and heating load requirements in different seasons, the absorption refrigeration / heating subsystem (4) and the heat exchanger (312) are operated by regulating valves to switch the heating or refrigeration mode.

[0029] In summer, the first regulating valve (310), the fourth regulating valve (314), the sixth regulating valve (409) and the seventh regulating valve (411) are opened, the second regulating valve (311), the third regulating valve (313), the fifth regulating valve (408) and the eighth regulating valve (412) are closed; the absorption refrigeration / heat pump subsystem operates in the refrigeration mode, and the exhaust gas of the gas turbine (210) is transported to the low-pressure generator (402) after being cooled by the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303) to produce more chilled water.

[0030] In the transition season, to meet the refrigeration and heating requirements at the same time, the first regulating valve (310) and the fourth regulating valve (314) are closed, the second regulating valve (311) and the third regulating valve (313) are opened, the sixth regulating valve (409) and the seventh regulating valve (411) are opened, and the fifth regulating valve (408) and the eighth regulating valve (412) are closed; the exhaust gas of the gas turbine (210) enters the heat exchanger (312) to produce heating water after being cooled by the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303); the absorption refrigeration / heat pump subsystem operates in the refrigeration mode to produce chilled water.

[0031] In winter, the first regulating valve (310) and the fourth regulating valve (314) are closed, the second regulating valve (311) and the third regulating valve (313) are opened, the sixth regulating valve (409) and the seventh regulating valve (411) are closed, and the fifth regulating valve (408) and the eighth regulating valve (412) are opened; the exhaust gas of the gas turbine (210) enters the heat exchanger (312) to produce heating water after being cooled by the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303); the absorption refrigeration / heat pump subsystem operates in the heating mode to produce heating water.

[0032] The application object of the system is a building distributed energy system, a park distributed energy system, a distributed energy storage system, etc.

[0033] The effects of the present application will be described below in combination with a specific example. In order to compare the performance differences under different strategies, the total input energy under different strategies is set to be constant.

[0034] Table 1: Thermodynamic performance of the system under different operation strategies

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] As can be seen from Table 1, the energy efficiency of the combined supply system in summer, the transition season and winter is 82.61%, 79.36% and 87.30% respectively. In contrast, the energy efficiency in the transition season (44.47%) is greater than that in summer (43.85%), because the heating water ​The value is greater than that of chilled water. Value. Therefore, winter's Efficiency is highest throughout the year, 1.73% and 1.11% higher than in summer and the transition period, respectively.

[0038] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Any equivalent structural modifications made based on the description and drawings of this invention, whether directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An integrated hydrogen storage and solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system, characterized by, The solid oxide fuel cell combined heat and power system comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production and energy storage subsystem (1), a solid oxide fuel cell power generation subsystem (2), a waste heat recovery subsystem (3) and an absorption refrigeration / heat subsystem (4), and the subsystems are connected through pipelines and valves; The water electrolysis hydrogen production and energy storage subsystem (1) comprises a proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101), a hydrogen compressor (102), a hydrogen cooler (103), a hydrogen storage tank (104), a gas-liquid separator (105), an oxygen compressor (106), an oxygen cooler (107) and an oxygen storage tank (108); the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101) is powered by wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation or renewable surplus power and cheap off-peak electricity, the cathode outlet of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101) is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen compressor (102), the outlet of the hydrogen compressor (102) is connected with the gas side inlet of the hydrogen cooler (103), and the gas side outlet of the hydrogen cooler (103) is connected with the hydrogen storage tank (104); the anode outlet of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101) is connected with the gas-liquid separator (105), the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (105) is connected with the gas side inlet of the oxygen compressor (106), the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (105) is connected with the outlet of the first feed water pump (309), the outlet of the oxygen compressor (106) is connected with the gas side inlet of the oxygen cooler (107), and the gas side outlet of the oxygen cooler (107) is connected with the oxygen storage tank (108); The solid oxide fuel cell electron system (2) comprises a hydrogen primary preheater (201), an oxygen primary preheater (202), a hydrogen turbine (203), an oxygen turbine (204), a hydrogen secondary preheater (205), a rear combustion chamber temperature control water superheater (206), a solid oxide fuel cell (207), a direct current alternating current inverter (208), a rear combustion chamber (209) and a gas turbine (210); the hydrogen primary preheater (201) is connected with the hydrogen storage tank (104) and the hydrogen turbine (203) respectively at the outlet and the inlet, the hydrogen turbine (203) is connected with the hydrogen secondary preheater (205) at the outlet, and the hydrogen secondary preheater (205) is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell (207) at the anode inlet; the oxygen primary preheater (202) is connected with the oxygen storage tank (108) and the oxygen turbine (204) respectively at the outlet and the inlet, the oxygen turbine (204) is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell (207) at the cathode inlet after mixing with the oxygen at the gas side outlet of the rear combustion chamber temperature control water superheater (206); the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is connected with the rear combustion chamber (209) at the anode outlet, the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell (207) at the cathode inlet after mixing with the oxygen at the outlet of the oxygen turbine (204) and sequentially passing through the hydrogen secondary preheater (205), the hydrogen primary preheater (201), the oxygen primary preheater (202) and the rear combustion chamber temperature control water superheater (206); the other path of the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is connected with the rear combustion chamber (209) at the inlet, the rear combustion chamber (209) is connected with the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303) at the gas side inlet through the gas turbine (210); the rear combustion chamber temperature control water superheater (206) is connected with the rear combustion chamber (209) at the inlet; the unreacted oxygen at the cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) is divided into two paths, one path is used for preheating hydrogen, oxygen and temperature control water, and the amount of oxygen is calculated according to the energy balance of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) to ensure stable operation of the fuel cell; the other path is calculated according to the stoichiometry of the unreacted hydrogen at the anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (207) to ensure complete reaction with hydrogen in the rear combustion chamber. The waste heat recovery subsystem (3) comprises a cold oil storage tank (301), a low-temperature oil pump (302), a waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303), a post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water evaporator (304), an adiabatic high-temperature oil storage tank (305), a high-temperature oil pump (306), a post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water preheater (307), an oil-water heat exchanger (308), a first feed water pump (309), a first regulating valve (310), a second regulating valve (311), a heat exchanger (312), a third regulating valve (313), a fourth regulating valve (314), an adiabatic water storage tank (315) and a second feed water pump (316); the outlet of the cold oil storage tank (301) is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature oil pump (302), the outlet of the low-temperature oil pump (302) is divided into two paths and connected with the oil side inlets of the oxygen cooler (107) and the hydrogen cooler (103) respectively; the oil side outlets of the oxygen cooler (107) and the hydrogen cooler (103) are mixed, and then connected with the inlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303), the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water evaporator (304) and the adiabatic high-temperature oil storage tank (305); the outlet of the adiabatic high-temperature oil storage tank (305) is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature oil pump (306), the outlet of the high-temperature oil pump (306) is connected with the oil side inlet of the high-pressure generator (401), the oil side outlet of the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water preheater (307) is connected with the oil side inlet of the oil-water heat exchanger (308), and the oil side outlet of the oil-water heat exchanger (308) is connected with the inlet of the cold oil storage tank (301); the gas side outlet of the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303) is connected with the inlets of the first regulating valve (310) and the second regulating valve (311), the outlet of the first regulating valve (310) is connected with the gas side inlet of the low-pressure generator (402), the gas side outlet of the low-pressure generator (402) is connected with the adiabatic water storage tank (315) through the fourth regulating valve (314), the outlet of the second regulating valve (311) is connected with the adiabatic water storage tank (315) through the heat exchanger (312) and the third regulating valve (313), the outlet of the adiabatic water storage tank (315) is divided into two paths, one path is mixed with the liquid phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (105) through the first feed water pump (309) and then enters the anode inlet of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (101), and the other path is connected with the inlet of the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water superheater (206) through the second feed water pump (316), the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water preheater (307) and the post-combustion chamber temperature-adjusting water evaporator (304); the waste heat recovery subsystem uses heat-conducting oil as the heat exchange working medium.

2. The integrated hydrogen storage and solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system of claim 1, wherein, The absorption refrigeration / heating subsystem (4) comprises a high-pressure generator (401), a low-pressure generator (402), a condenser (403), an evaporator (404), an absorber (405), a low-temperature heat exchanger (406), a high-temperature heat exchanger (407), a fifth regulating valve (408), a sixth regulating valve (409), a seventh regulating valve (411), an eighth regulating valve (412), a cooling tower (410), a first throttling valve (413), a second throttling valve (414), a first solution pump (415), a second solution pump (416), a third throttling valve (417), and a fourth throttling valve (418); the gaseous phase outlet of the high-pressure generator (401) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (403) through the low-pressure generator (402) and the first throttling valve (413), the outlet of the condenser (403) is connected to the inlet of the evaporator (404) through the fourth throttling valve (418), the outlet of the evaporator (404) is connected to the inlet of the absorber (405), the absorber (405) is divided into two paths after passing through the first solution pump (415) and the low-temperature heat exchanger (406), one path is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure generator (402), and the other path is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure generator (401) through the second solution pump (416) and the high-temperature heat exchanger (407); the liquid phase outlet of the high-pressure generator (401) is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure generator (402) through the high-temperature heat exchanger (407) and the second throttling valve (414); the liquid phase outlet of the low-pressure generator (402) is connected to the inlet of the absorber (405) through the low-temperature heat exchanger (406) and the third throttling valve (417); the gaseous phase outlet of the low-pressure generator (402) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (403); the chilled water return water and the chilled water supply water are connected to the water side inlet and outlet of the evaporator (404), respectively; the outlet of the fifth regulating valve (408) is connected to the inlet of the eighth regulating valve (412) through the absorber (405) and the condenser (403); the outlet of the sixth regulating valve (409) is connected to the inlet of the seventh regulating valve (411) through the absorber (405) and the condenser (403), the outlet of the seventh regulating valve (411) is connected to the inlet of the cooling tower (410), and the outlet of the cooling tower (410) is connected to the inlet of the sixth regulating valve (409).

3. An operation strategy of a solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system integrated with hydrogen storage energy, characterized by, The operation strategy of the integrated solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system with hydrogen energy storage is applied to the integrated solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system with hydrogen energy storage according to any one of claims 1-2, and the operation strategy of the integrated solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system with hydrogen energy storage comprises: To meet the cooling load and heating load demands in different seasons, the absorption refrigeration / heating subsystem (4) and the heat exchanger (312) are operated by regulating valves to switch between heating and cooling modes; In summer, the first regulating valve (310), the fourth regulating valve (314), the sixth regulating valve (409) and the seventh regulating valve (411) are opened, the second regulating valve (311), the third regulating valve (313), the fifth regulating valve (408) and the eighth regulating valve (412) are closed; the absorption refrigeration / heating subsystem operates in the refrigeration mode, and the exhaust gas of the gas turbine (210) is delivered to the low-pressure generator (402) after being cooled by the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303) to produce more chilled water; In the transition season, to meet the simultaneous refrigeration and heating requirements, the first regulating valve (310) and the fourth regulating valve (314) are closed, the second regulating valve (311) and the third regulating valve (313) are opened, the sixth regulating valve (409) and the seventh regulating valve (411) are opened, and the fifth regulating valve (408) and the eighth regulating valve (412) are closed; the exhaust gas of the gas turbine (210) enters the heat exchanger (312) to produce heating water after being cooled by the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303); the absorption refrigeration / heating subsystem operates in the refrigeration mode to produce chilled water; In winter, the first regulating valve (310) and the fourth regulating valve (314) are closed, the second regulating valve (311) and the third regulating valve (313) are opened, the sixth regulating valve (409) and the seventh regulating valve (411) are closed, and the fifth regulating valve (408) and the eighth regulating valve (412) are opened; the exhaust gas of the gas turbine (210) enters the heat exchanger (312) to produce heating water after being cooled by the waste heat recovery heat exchanger (303); the absorption refrigeration / heating subsystem operates in the heating mode to produce heating water.

Images