Multi-rate telescopic device and crane

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-rate telescopic device, comprising a telescopic mechanism, a first boom rope, a second boom rope, a third boom rope, a basic boom, and a second boom, a third boom, a fourth boom, and a fifth boom sequentially embedded in the basic boom; the movable end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the basic boom, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the second boom, the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism is equipped with a first boom steering member, one end of the first boom rope is fixedly connected to the third boom, the other end of the first boom rope is wound around the first boom steering member and then fixedly connected to the basic boom, a first steering assembly is installed between the third boom and the fourth boom, the second boom rope is wound around the first steering assembly to drive the fourth boom to extend, a second steering assembly is installed between the fourth boom and the fifth boom, and the third boom rope is wound around the second steering assembly to drive the fifth boom to extend or the fourth boom to retract. The present invention solves the technical problems of the prior art five-section boom crane, such as high cost, low telescopic efficiency, and severe limitation on the lifting weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a multi-ratio telescopic device and a crane, belonging to the technical field of cranes. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the mainstream five-section boom cranes on the market use a double-cylinder rope-type telescopic mechanism. The first telescopic cylinder controls the independent extension and retraction of the second-section boom, and the second telescopic cylinder controls the extension and retraction of the third, fourth and fifth-section booms. The efficiency is low, and the two telescopic cylinders are heavy and costly, which especially affects the lifting weight under the long boom and long working conditions of the crane. Although some five-section boom cranes use a single-cylinder rope-type telescopic mechanism, when lifting, the force on the rope extending from the fourth-section boom is twice that of the rope extending from the fifth-section boom, and the force on the rope extending from the third-section boom is twice that of the rope extending from the fourth-section boom. The force on the rope is doubled, which seriously limits the lifting weight of the crane. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a multi-rate telescopic device and a crane to solve the technical problems of the prior art five-section boom crane, such as high cost, low telescopic efficiency and severe limitation on lifting weight.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a multi-rate telescopic device, including a telescopic mechanism, a first telescopic arm rope, a second telescopic arm rope, a third telescopic arm rope, a basic arm, and a two-section arm, a three-section arm, a four-section arm and a five-section arm sequentially embedded in the basic arm; the movable end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the basic arm, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the two-section arm, the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism is equipped with a first telescopic arm steering member, one end of the first telescopic arm rope is fixedly connected to the three-section arm, the other end of the first telescopic arm rope is wrapped around the first telescopic arm steering member and then fixedly connected to the basic arm, a first steering assembly is installed between the three-section arm and the four-section arm, the second telescopic arm rope is wrapped around the first steering assembly to drive the four-section arm to extend, a second steering assembly is installed between the four-section arm and the five-section arm, and the third telescopic arm rope is wrapped around the second steering assembly to drive the five-section arm to extend or the four-section arm to retract.

[0006] Furthermore, the movable end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the arm tail of the basic arm, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the arm tail of the two-section arm, one end of the first arm extension rope is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the three-section arm, and the other end of the first arm extension rope is wrapped around the first arm extension steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm tail of the basic arm.

[0007] Furthermore, the first steering assembly includes a second boom steering member, which is installed on the three-section boom. One end of the second boom rope is fixedly connected to the two-section boom, and the other end of the second boom rope is wrapped around the second boom steering member and then fixedly connected to the four-section boom.

[0008] Furthermore, the second boom steering member is installed on the arm head of the three-section boom, one end of the second boom rope is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the two-section boom, and the other end of the second boom rope is wrapped around the second boom steering member and fixedly connected to the arm tail of the four-section boom.

[0009] Furthermore, the second steering assembly includes a third boom steering component and a fourth boom steering component, the third boom steering component is installed on the four-section boom, the fourth boom steering component is installed on the five-section boom, one end of the third boom rope is fixedly connected to the two-section boom, and the other end of the third boom rope is sequentially wrapped around the third boom steering component and the fourth boom steering component and then fixedly connected to the four-section boom.

[0010] Furthermore, the third boom steering member is installed on the arm head of the four-section boom, the fourth boom steering member is installed on the arm tail of the five-section boom, one end of the third boom rope is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the two-section boom, and the other end of the third boom rope is sequentially wrapped around the third boom steering member and the fourth boom steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm head of the four-section boom.

[0011] Furthermore, the first steering assembly includes a fifth cantilever steering component and a sixth cantilever steering component, the fifth cantilever steering component is installed on the three-section arm, the sixth cantilever steering component is installed on the four-section arm, one end of the second cantilever rope is fixedly connected to the basic arm, and the other end of the second cantilever rope is sequentially wrapped around the fifth cantilever steering component and the sixth cantilever steering component and then fixedly connected to the three-section arm.

[0012] Furthermore, the fifth boom steering member is installed on the arm head of the three-section boom, the sixth boom steering member is installed on the arm tail of the four-section boom, one end of the second boom rope is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the basic boom, and the other end of the second boom rope is successively wrapped around the fifth boom steering member and the sixth boom steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm head of the three-section boom.

[0013] Furthermore, the second steering assembly includes a seventh boom steering component, which is installed on the four-section boom. One end of the third boom rope is fixedly connected to the five-section boom, and the other end of the third boom rope is wrapped around the seventh boom steering component and then fixedly connected to the three-section boom.

[0014] Furthermore, the seventh boom steering member is installed on the arm head of the four-section boom, one end of the third boom rope is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the five-section boom, and the other end of the third boom rope is wrapped around the seventh boom steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm tail of the three-section boom.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a first retracting arm rope and a second retracting arm rope, a first retracting arm steering member is installed on the two-section arm, one end of the first retracting arm rope is fixedly connected to the basic arm, the other end of the first retracting arm rope is wrapped around the first retracting arm steering member and then fixedly connected to the three-section arm, a retracting arm steering assembly is installed between the three-section arm and the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism, one end of the second retracting arm rope is fixedly connected to the three-section arm, and the other end of the second retracting arm rope is wrapped around the retracting arm steering assembly and then fixedly connected to the five-section arm.

[0016] Furthermore, a first retracting arm steering component is installed at the tail of the two-section arm, one end of the first retracting arm rope is fixedly connected to the arm head of the basic arm, the other end of the first retracting arm rope is wrapped around the first retracting arm steering component and then fixedly connected to the tail of the three-section arm, the retracting arm steering assembly is installed between the tail of the three-section arm and the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism, one end of the second retracting arm rope is fixedly connected to the tail of the three-section arm, the other end of the second retracting arm rope is wrapped around the retracting arm steering assembly and then fixedly connected to the tail of the five-section arm.

[0017] Furthermore, the arm retraction steering assembly includes a second arm retraction steering member and a third arm retraction steering member, the second arm retraction steering member is installed at the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism, the third arm retraction steering member is installed on the three-section arm, and the other end of the second arm retraction rope is sequentially wrapped around the second arm retraction steering member and the third arm retraction steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm tail of the five-section arm.

[0018] Furthermore, the third arm-retracting steering member is installed at the arm tail of the three-section arm.

[0019] Furthermore, the first boom steering member, the second boom steering member, the third boom steering member and the fourth boom steering member are all pulleys.

[0020] Furthermore, the fifth boom steering member, the sixth boom steering member and the seventh boom steering member are all pulleys.

[0021] Furthermore, the first retracted arm steering member, the second retracted arm steering member and the third retracted arm steering member are all pulleys.

[0022] Furthermore, the arm tail of the basic arm is equipped with an articulated seat, the movable end of the telescopic mechanism is hinged to the articulated seat through a pin shaft, the arm tail of the two-section arm is equipped with a fixed seat, and the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism is hinged to the fixed seat through a pin shaft.

[0023] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a telescopic oil cylinder, the lever end of the telescopic oil cylinder is the movable end of the telescopic mechanism, the cylinder barrel end of the telescopic oil cylinder is the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism, and the cylinder barrel front end of the telescopic oil cylinder is the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a crane comprising the above-mentioned multi-rate telescopic device.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] By arranging the positions of the first steering assembly and the second steering assembly and the winding method of the second boom rope and the third boom rope, the stress on the second boom rope and the third boom rope in the extended boom state of the multi-rate telescopic device is effectively reduced, thereby greatly improving the lifting weight of the crane.

[0027] By reducing the number of telescopic mechanisms and realizing synchronous telescopic extension of the basic arm, two-section arm, three-section arm, four-section arm and five-section arm through the telescopic mechanisms, not only the cost of the telescopic device can be effectively reduced, but also the telescopic efficiency between the basic arm, two-section arm, three-section arm, four-section arm and five-section arm can be effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-ratio telescopic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is another structural schematic diagram of a multi-ratio telescopic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1. basic arm; 2. second arm rope; 3. second arm; 4. third arm rope; 5. third arm; 6. second arm steering member; 7. fourth arm; 8. fifth arm; 9. third arm steering member; 10. fourth arm steering member; 11. second retracted arm rope; 12. second retracted arm steering member; 13. third retracted arm steering member; 14. articulated seat; 15. fixed seat; 16. first arm rope; 17. first arm steering member; 18. first retracted arm rope; 19. first retracted arm steering member; 20. sixth arm steering member; 21. fifth arm steering member; 22. seventh arm steering member; 23. telescopic mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-rate telescopic device, comprising a telescopic mechanism 23, a first boom rope 16, a second boom rope 2, a third boom rope 4, a basic boom 1, and a second-section boom 3, a third-section boom 5, a fourth-section boom 7, and a fifth-section boom 8 sequentially embedded in the basic boom 1;

[0035] Among them, the two-section arm 3 is embedded in the basic arm 1, the three-section arm 5 is embedded in the two-section arm 3, the four-section arm 7 is embedded in the three-section arm 5, and the five-section arm 8 is embedded in the four-section arm 7. The movable end of the telescopic mechanism 23 is connected to the basic arm 1, and the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism 23 is connected to the two-section arm 3. The fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism 23 is equipped with a first cantilever steering member 17, one end of the first cantilever rope 16 is fixedly connected to the three-section arm 5, and the other end of the first cantilever rope 16 is fixedly connected to the basic arm 1 after being wrapped around the first cantilever steering member 17. A first steering assembly is installed between the three-section arm 5 and the four-section arm 7, the second cantilever rope 2 is wrapped around the first steering assembly to drive the four-section arm 7 to extend, and a second steering assembly is installed between the four-section arm 7 and the five-section arm 8. The third cantilever rope 4 is wrapped around the second steering assembly to drive the five-section arm 8 to extend or the four-section arm 7 to retract. In the two embodiments provided herein, the movable end of the telescopic mechanism 23 is connected to the boom tail of the basic boom 1, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism 23 is connected to the boom tail of the second-section boom 3, one end of the first boom rope 16 is fixedly connected to the boom tail of the third-section boom 5, and the other end of the first boom rope 16 is wound around the first boom deflector 17 and then fixedly connected to the boom tail of the basic boom 1. To better illustrate the following two embodiments, the multi-rate telescopic device can be divided into an extension portion and a retraction portion for description.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] Extension part:

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the first steering assembly includes a second boom steering member 6, which is installed on the three-section boom 5, one end of the second boom rope 2 is fixedly connected to the two-section boom 3, and the other end of the second boom rope 2 is fixedly connected to the four-section boom 7 after being wrapped around the second boom steering member 6. Specifically, the second boom steering member 6 is installed on the arm head of the three-section boom 5, one end of the second boom rope 2 is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the two-section boom 3, and the other end of the second boom rope 2 is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the four-section boom 7 after being wrapped around the second boom steering member 6.

[0039] The second steering assembly includes a third boom steering member 9 and a fourth boom steering member 10. The third boom steering member 9 is installed on the four-section boom 7, and the fourth boom steering member 10 is installed on the five-section boom 8. One end of the third boom rope 4 is fixedly connected to the two-section boom 3, and the other end of the third boom rope 4 is fixedly connected to the four-section boom 7 after sequentially winding around the third boom steering member 9 and the fourth boom steering member 10. Specifically, the third boom steering member 9 is installed at the arm head of the four-section boom 7, and the fourth boom steering member 10 is installed at the arm tail of the five-section boom 8. One end of the third boom rope 4 is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the two-section boom 3, and the other end of the third boom rope 4 is fixedly connected to the arm head of the four-section boom 7 after sequentially winding around the third boom steering member 9 and the fourth boom steering member 10.

[0040] In actual application, when the telescopic mechanism 23 is extended, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism 23 drives the second-section boom 3 to extend outward, and under the action of the first boom rope 16 and the first boom steering member 17, drives the third-section boom 5 to extend outward, and under the action of the second boom rope 2 and the second boom steering member 6, drives the fourth-section boom 7 to extend outward, and under the action of the third boom rope 4, the third boom steering member 9 and the fourth boom steering member 10, drives the fifth-section boom 8 to extend outward, thereby realizing the synchronous extension of the second-section boom 3, the third boom 5, the fourth boom 7 and the fifth boom 8. When the two-section boom 3, three-section boom 5, four-section boom 7, and five-section boom 8 are synchronously extended to lift weight, if the load on the five-section boom 8 is T, and the third boom rope 4 drives the five-section boom 8 to extend outward, the force on the third boom rope 4 is T / 2, and the second boom rope 2 drives the four-section boom 7 to extend outward, the force on the second boom rope 2 is 3T / 2, and the first boom rope 16 drives the three-section boom 5 to extend outward, the force on the first boom rope 16 is 3T. By arranging the positions of the first and second steering assemblies and the winding method of the second and third boom ropes 2 and 4, the forces on the second and third boom ropes 2 and 4 of the multi-rate telescopic device when the boom is extended are effectively reduced, thereby greatly improving the lifting capacity of the crane.

[0041] Retracted part:

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment provided by the present invention also includes a first retracting arm rope 18 and a second retracting arm rope 11, a first retracting arm steering member 19 is installed on the two-section arm 3, one end of the first retracting arm rope 18 is fixedly connected to the basic arm 1, and the other end of the first retracting arm rope 18 is wound around the first retracting arm steering member 19 and then fixedly connected to the three-section arm 5, a retracting arm steering assembly is installed between the three-section arm 5 and the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism 23, one end of the second retracting arm rope 11 is fixedly connected to the three-section arm 5, and the other end of the second retracting arm rope 11 is wound around the retracting arm steering assembly It is fixedly connected to the five-section boom 8. Specifically, the tail of the two-section boom 3 is equipped with a first retracting arm steering member 19, one end of the first retracting arm rope 18 is fixedly connected to the arm head of the basic arm 1, and the other end of the first retracting arm rope 18 is wrapped around the first retracting arm steering member 19 and fixedly connected to the tail of the three-section boom 5. The retracting arm steering assembly is installed between the tail of the three-section boom 5 and the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism 23, one end of the second retracting arm rope 11 is fixedly connected to the tail of the three-section boom 5, and the other end of the second retracting arm rope 11 is wrapped around the retracting arm steering assembly and fixedly connected to the tail of the five-section boom 8.

[0043] The retracting arm steering assembly includes a second retracting arm steering member 12 and a third retracting arm steering member 13. The second retracting arm steering member 12 is installed at the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism 23, and the third retracting arm steering member 13 is installed on the three-section boom 5. The other end of the second retracting arm rope 11 is sequentially wrapped around the second retracting arm steering member 12 and the third retracting arm steering member 13 and then fixedly connected to the arm tail of the five-section boom 8. Specifically, the third retracting arm steering member 13 is installed at the arm tail of the three-section boom 5.

[0044] In actual application, when the telescopic mechanism 23 retracts, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism 23 drives the second-section arm 3 to retract inward, and under the action of the first retracting arm rope 18 and the first retracting arm steering member 19, drives the third-section arm 5 to retract inward, and under the action of the third extension arm rope 4, the third extension arm steering member 9 and the fourth extension arm steering member 10, drives the fourth-section arm 7 to retract inward, and under the action of the second retracting arm rope 11, the second retracting arm steering member 12 and the third retracting arm steering member 13, drives the fifth-section arm 8 to retract inward, thereby realizing the synchronous retraction of the second-section arm 3, the third-section arm 5, the fourth-section arm 7 and the fifth-section arm 8.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] Extension part:

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the first steering assembly includes a fifth boom steering member 21 and a sixth boom steering member 20, the fifth boom steering member 21 is installed on the three-section boom 5, and the sixth boom steering member 20 is installed on the four-section boom 7, one end of the second boom rope 2 is fixedly connected to the basic boom 1, and the other end of the second boom rope 2 is successively wrapped around the fifth boom steering member 21 and the sixth boom steering member 20 and then fixedly connected to the three-section boom 5. Specifically, the fifth boom steering member 21 is installed at the arm head of the three-section boom 5, and the sixth boom steering member 20 is installed at the arm tail of the four-section boom 7, one end of the second boom rope 2 is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the basic boom 1, and the other end of the second boom rope 2 is successively wrapped around the fifth boom steering member 21 and the sixth boom steering member 20 and then fixedly connected to the arm head of the three-section boom 5.

[0048] The second steering assembly includes a seventh boom steering component 22, which is installed on the four-section boom 7. One end of the third boom rope 4 is fixedly connected to the five-section boom 8, and the other end of the third boom rope 4 is fixedly connected to the three-section boom 5 after being wrapped around the seventh boom steering component 22. Specifically, the seventh boom steering component 22 is installed at the arm head of the four-section boom 7, one end of the third boom rope 4 is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the five-section boom 8, and the other end of the third boom rope 4 is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the three-section boom 5 after being wrapped around the seventh boom steering component 22.

[0049] In actual application, when the telescopic mechanism 23 is extended, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism 23 drives the second-section boom 3 to extend outward, and under the action of the first boom rope 16 and the first boom steering member 17, drives the third-section boom 5 to extend outward, and under the action of the second boom rope 2, the fifth boom steering member 21 and the sixth boom steering member 20, drives the fourth-section boom 7 to extend outward, and under the action of the third boom rope 4 and the seventh boom steering member 22, drives the fifth-section boom 8 to extend outward, thereby realizing the synchronous extension of the second-section boom 3, the third boom 5, the fourth boom 7 and the fifth boom 8. When the two-section boom 3, three-section boom 5, four-section boom 7, and five-section boom 8 are synchronously extended to lift weight, if the load on the five-section boom 8 is T, and the third boom rope 4 drives the five-section boom 8 to extend outward, the force on the third boom rope 4 is T, and the second boom rope 2 drives the four-section boom 7 to extend outward, the force on the second boom rope 2 is T, and the first boom rope 16 drives the three-section boom 5 to extend outward, the force on the first boom rope 16 is 3T. By arranging the positions of the first and second steering assemblies and the winding method of the second and third boom ropes 2 and 4, the forces on the second and third boom ropes 2 and 4 of the multi-rate telescopic device when the boom is extended are effectively reduced, thereby greatly improving the lifting capacity of the crane.

[0050] Retracted part:

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the retracted portion in the embodiment provided by the present invention is the same as the retracted portion in embodiment 1, and only the protruding portion in embodiment 1 is improved.

[0052] In actual application, when the telescopic mechanism 23 retracts, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism 23 drives the second-section arm 3 to retract inward, and under the action of the first retracting arm rope 18 and the first retracting arm steering member 19, drives the third-section arm 5 to retract inward, and under the action of the third extension arm rope 4 and the seventh extension arm steering member 22, drives the fourth-section arm 7 to retract inward, and under the action of the second retracting arm rope 11, the second retracting arm steering member 12 and the third retracting arm steering member 13, drives the fifth-section arm 8 to retract inward, thereby realizing the synchronous retraction of the second-section arm 3, the third-section arm 5, the fourth-section arm 7 and the fifth-section arm 8.

[0053] The present invention reduces the number of telescopic mechanisms 23 and realizes the synchronous telescopic extension of the basic arm 1, the second-section arm 3, the third-section arm 5, the fourth-section arm 7 and the fifth-section arm 8 through the telescopic mechanism 23, which not only effectively reduces the cost of the telescopic device, but also effectively improves the telescopic efficiency between the basic arm 1, the second-section arm 3, the third-section arm 5, the fourth-section arm 7 and the fifth-section arm 8.

[0054] It should be noted that, in the two embodiments provided by the present invention, the first boom steering member 17, the second boom steering member, the third boom steering member, the fourth boom steering member, the fifth boom steering member 21, the sixth boom steering member 20, the seventh boom steering member 22, the first retracted arm steering member 19, the second retracted arm steering member and the third retracted arm steering member can all be selected as pulleys, which can effectively reduce friction.

[0055] In the two embodiments provided by the present invention, the arm tail of the basic arm is installed with an articulated seat 14, and the movable end of the telescopic mechanism 23 is hinged to the articulated seat 14 through a pin shaft. The arm tail of the second-section arm 3 is installed with a fixed seat 15, and the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism 23 is hinged to the fixed seat 15 through a pin shaft. It should be noted that the telescopic mechanism 23 can be selected as a telescopic cylinder, the lever end of the telescopic cylinder is the movable end of the telescopic mechanism 23, the cylinder end of the telescopic cylinder is the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism 23, and the front end of the cylinder end of the telescopic cylinder is the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism 23.

[0056] In the two embodiments provided by the present invention, the first arm extension rope 16, the second arm extension rope 2, the third arm extension rope 4, the first arm retracting rope 18 and the second arm retracting rope 11 can all be selected as pull ropes.

[0057] Example 3:

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a crane comprising the aforementioned multi-ratio telescopic device. Since the technical improvements and technical effects of the crane are the same as those of the aforementioned multi-ratio telescopic device, the crane will not be described in detail.

[0059] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-rate telescopic device, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic mechanism, a first telescopic arm rope, a second telescopic arm rope, a third telescopic arm rope, a basic arm, and a two-section arm, a three-section arm, a four-section arm and a five-section arm sequentially embedded in the basic arm; the movable end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the basic arm, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the two-section arm, the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism is installed with a first telescopic arm steering piece, one end of the first telescopic arm rope is fixedly connected to the three-section arm, the other end of the first telescopic arm rope is fixedly connected to the basic arm after being wound around the first telescopic arm steering piece, a first steering assembly is installed between the three-section arm and the four-section arm, the second telescopic arm rope is wound around the first steering assembly to drive the four-section arm to extend, and a second steering assembly is installed between the four-section arm and the five-section arm, the third telescopic arm rope is wound around the second steering assembly to drive the five-section arm to extend or the four-section arm to retract; The first steering assembly includes a second boom steering member, the second boom steering member is mounted on the three-section boom, one end of the second boom rope is fixedly connected to the two-section boom, and the other end of the second boom rope is wound around the second boom steering member and then fixedly connected to the four-section boom; It also includes a first retracting arm rope and a second retracting arm rope, a first retracting arm steering member is installed on the two-section arm, one end of the first retracting arm rope is fixedly connected to the basic arm, the other end of the first retracting arm rope is wrapped around the first retracting arm steering member and then fixedly connected to the three-section arm, a retracting arm steering assembly is installed between the three-section arm and the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism, one end of the second retracting arm rope is fixedly connected to the three-section arm, and the other end of the second retracting arm rope is wrapped around the retracting arm steering assembly and then fixedly connected to the five-section arm.

2. The multi-rate telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the arm tail of the basic arm, the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the arm tail of the two-section arm, one end of the first arm extension rope is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the three-section arm, and the other end of the first arm extension rope is wrapped around the first arm extension steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm tail of the basic arm.

3. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second boom steering member is installed on the boom head of the three-section boom, one end of the second boom rope is fixedly connected to the boom tail of the two-section boom, and the other end of the second boom rope is fixedly connected to the boom tail of the four-section boom after being wound around the second boom steering member.

4. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second steering assembly includes a third boom steering component and a fourth boom steering component. The third boom steering component is installed on the four-section boom, and the fourth boom steering component is installed on the five-section boom. One end of the third boom rope is fixedly connected to the two-section boom, and the other end of the third boom rope is fixedly connected to the four-section boom after sequentially winding around the third boom steering component and the fourth boom steering component.

5. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third boom steering member is installed on the arm head of the four-section boom, and the fourth boom steering member is installed on the arm tail of the five-section boom. One end of the third boom rope is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the two-section boom, and the other end of the third boom rope is successively wrapped around the third boom steering member and the fourth boom steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm head of the four-section boom.

6. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first steering assembly includes a fifth boom steering component and a sixth boom steering component, the fifth boom steering component is installed on the three-section boom, the sixth boom steering component is installed on the four-section boom, one end of the second boom rope is fixedly connected to the basic arm, and the other end of the second boom rope is sequentially wrapped around the fifth boom steering component and the sixth boom steering component and then fixedly connected to the three-section boom.

7. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fifth boom steering member is installed on the arm head of the three-section boom, the sixth boom steering member is installed on the arm tail of the four-section boom, one end of the second boom rope is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the basic boom, and the other end of the second boom rope is successively wrapped around the fifth boom steering member and the sixth boom steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm head of the three-section boom.

8. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second steering assembly includes a seventh boom steering component, which is installed on the four-section boom. One end of the third boom rope is fixedly connected to the five-section boom, and the other end of the third boom rope is wrapped around the seventh boom steering component and then fixedly connected to the three-section boom.

9. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The seventh boom steering member is installed on the boom head of the four-section boom, one end of the third boom rope is fixedly connected to the boom tail of the five-section boom, and the other end of the third boom rope is wrapped around the seventh boom steering member and then fixedly connected to the boom tail of the three-section boom.

10. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arm tail of the two-section arm is equipped with a first retracting arm steering member, one end of the first retracting arm rope is fixedly connected to the arm head of the basic arm, the other end of the first retracting arm rope is wrapped around the first retracting arm steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm tail of the three-section arm, the retracting arm steering assembly is installed between the arm tail of the three-section arm and the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism, one end of the second retracting arm rope is fixedly connected to the arm tail of the three-section arm, the other end of the second retracting arm rope is wrapped around the retracting arm steering assembly and then fixedly connected to the arm tail of the five-section arm.

11. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The retracting arm steering assembly includes a second retracting arm steering member and a third retracting arm steering member. The second retracting arm steering member is installed at the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism, and the third retracting arm steering member is installed on the three-section arm. The other end of the second retracting arm rope is sequentially wound around the second retracting arm steering member and the third retracting arm steering member and then fixedly connected to the arm tail of the five-section arm.

12. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The third arm retracting steering member is installed at the arm tail of the three-section arm.

13. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first boom steering member, the second boom steering member, the third boom steering member and the fourth boom steering member are all pulleys.

14. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fifth boom steering member, the sixth boom steering member and the seventh boom steering member are all pulleys.

15. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first retracting arm steering member, the second retracting arm steering member and the third retracting arm steering member are all pulleys.

16. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arm tail of the basic arm is equipped with an articulated seat, the movable end of the telescopic mechanism is hinged to the articulated seat through a pin shaft, the arm tail of the two-section arm is equipped with a fixed seat, and the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism is hinged to the fixed seat through a pin shaft.

17. The multi-ratio telescopic device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism is a telescopic oil cylinder, the lever end of the telescopic oil cylinder is the movable end of the telescopic mechanism, the cylinder end of the telescopic oil cylinder is the fixed end of the telescopic mechanism, and the cylinder front end of the telescopic oil cylinder is the fixed front end of the telescopic mechanism.

18. A crane, characterized in that: It comprises the multi-ratio telescopic device according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

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