Single cell, anode plate, cathode plate and battery stack

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single cell, an anode plate, a cathode plate, and a battery stack. The single cell includes an anode plate and a cathode plate. The anode plate has an anode reaction surface, and the cathode plate has a cathode reaction surface and a cathode back surface opposite to the cathode reaction surface, with the anode reaction surface and the cathode reaction surface being arranged opposite to each other. The anode common hole and the cathode common hole both penetrate the cathode plate and the anode plate. The cathode common hole is used to communicate with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface. The anode reaction surface has an anode reaction area and a reaction hole connected to the anode reaction area. The cathode back surface has a bridge groove, which communicates with the anode common hole on the cathode plate and is opposite to the position of the reaction hole. Using the present invention, the bridge groove can guide the anode gas from the cathode plate of the previous single cell to the reaction hole on the anode plate of the next single cell. This anode gas flow channel facilitates the integration of the single cells, reduces the number of components, and makes the single cell structure compact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a single battery, an anode plate, a cathode plate and a battery stack. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a power generation device that converts the chemical energy stored in fuel gas directly into electricity. Depending on the cooling method, fuel cells can be divided into liquid-cooled and air-cooled fuel cells. Due to their simple system structure, air-cooled fuel cells are widely used in devices and products such as portable power supplies, drones, electric forklifts, and electric bicycles.

[0003] The basic stacking units that make up a fuel cell stack typically include bipolar plates and single cells. These plates and cells are typically made of thin metal sheets and graphite, and their assembly typically involves welding, splicing, or bonding. Depending on whether the oxygen flow path is directly connected to the outside world, they can be categorized as either open-cathode or closed-cathode structures. Depending on the number of layers, they can be classified as either three-layer or multi-layer.

[0004] For example, patent CN201920690230.3 proposes an air-cooled fuel cell cell and introduces a typical low-power metal plate five-layer structure cathode open single cell. Patent CN201911217398.3 proposes an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell graphite bipolar plate and its fuel cell, and introduces a cathode open graphite bipolar plate. Patent CN202020261930.3 proposes a bipolar plate for a closed air-cooled fuel cell and introduces a closed air-cooled stack bipolar plate with heat dissipation fins on both sides. Among them, the air-cooled fuel cell cell solution disclosed in patent CN201920690230.3 has a large number of stacked layers and relatively dispersed components, which is not conducive to assembly. In addition, the cell belongs to an open cathode solution, which is not conducive to increasing the reaction gas pressure and power density. Patent CN201911217398.3 discloses an air-cooled bipolar plate. To form complete air inlet and outlet channels, two additional graphite patches are required at both ends of the anode gas inlet and outlet, which is not conducive to integrated processing and manufacturing. In addition, this bipolar plate also has an open cathode solution, which is not conducive to increasing the reaction gas pressure and power density. Patent CN202020261930.3 discloses an air-cooled bipolar plate. Heat dissipation fins are provided on both sides of its body, which reduces the thickness of the bipolar plate to a certain extent, but increases the width of the bipolar plate. When stacked, it increases the volume of the stack, which is not conducive to power density. In addition, the heat conduction path from the reaction space to the fins on both sides is long, which is not conducive to heat dissipation.

[0005] The single cell or bipolar plate solutions disclosed in the above patents have either too many stacking layers, which is not conducive to assembly; or are suitable for cathode open air-cooled fuel cells, which is not conducive to increasing the reaction gas pressure and power density; or are too large in size and cannot achieve good heat dissipation effects, all of which have shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art that a large number of single cell stacks are not conducive to assembly, and to provide a cathode-enclosed air-cooled fuel cell, an anode plate, a cathode plate and a fuel cell stack.

[0007] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A single cell, comprising an anode plate and a cathode plate, wherein the anode plate has an anode reaction surface, the cathode plate has a cathode reaction surface and a cathode reaction surface opposite to the cathode reaction surface, the anode reaction surface and the cathode reaction surface being arranged opposite to each other;

[0009] The single cell has an anode common hole and a cathode common hole, both of which penetrate the cathode plate and the anode plate; the cathode common hole is used to communicate with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface;

[0010] The anode reaction surface has an anode reaction area and a reaction hole connected to the anode reaction area; the back of the cathode has a bridge groove, the bridge groove is connected to the anode common hole on the cathode plate and is opposite to the position of the reaction hole.

[0011] In this solution, the anode common hole and the cathode common hole pass through the single cell. When the single cells are stacked, the anode gas and the cathode gas can flow into the single cell through the anode common hole and the cathode common hole on each single cell respectively. The cathode reaction surface and the anode reaction surface are arranged relative to each other, thereby forming a reaction space of the single cell, and the anode gas and the cathode gas can react and provide energy. Among them, the cathode common hole can be used to connect with the cathode reaction zone to flow the cathode gas into the cathode reaction zone for reaction. In addition, a bridge groove is provided on the back of the cathode phase. Through this bridge groove, the anode gas in the anode common hole on the cathode plate of the previous single cell can be guided to the reaction hole on the anode plate of the next single cell, thereby allowing the anode gas to flow further into the anode reaction zone. Therefore, the anode gas flow channel facilitates the integration of the single cell, reduces the number of parts, and makes the structure of the single cell compact. In addition, the anode plate and cathode plate structure are compact and clear, with a high degree of integration, which is conducive to reducing the number of parts and integrated processing. Furthermore, a membrane electrode can be provided between the anode plate and the cathode plate to form a cathode-enclosed single cell, which has a small number of stacking layers, is easy to assemble and disassemble, and can be reused.

[0012] Preferably, the anode reaction area is located in the middle of the anode reaction surface; on both sides of the anode plate, the cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the reaction hole are arranged in sequence;

[0013] The anode gas enters the anode plate from the reaction hole on one side, reacts in the anode reaction area, and then flows out from the reaction hole on the other side.

[0014] In this solution, the anode reaction zone is arranged in the middle of the anode reaction surface, and cathode common holes, anode common holes and reaction holes are provided on both sides of the anode plate; thus, the cathode common holes, anode common holes and reaction holes on one side can be used as the inlet of the reaction gas, and the cathode common holes, anode common holes and reaction holes on the other side can be used as the outlet of the reaction gas; the reaction gas can enter from one side for reaction, and flow out from the other side after the reaction is completed.

[0015] Preferably, an anode distribution area is provided between the reaction hole and the anode reaction area on at least one side, so that the anode gas enters the various flow channels of the anode reaction area from the anode distribution area on one side, or flows out from the anode distribution area on the other side.

[0016] In this solution, by setting up an anode distribution area, the anode gas can be evenly introduced into each flow channel of the anode reaction area; moreover, the anode gas can be disturbed and the flow rate of the anode gas can be slowed down, so that the anode gas can fully react in the reaction space and improve the fuel utilization rate.

[0017] Preferably, the anode reaction surface is further provided with an anode slot, and the anode slot is located between the reaction hole and the anode distribution area and is used to connect the reaction hole and the anode distribution area.

[0018] In this scheme, the anode gas from the reaction hole can be guided into the anode distribution area through the anode slot, and the extension direction of the anode slot can be set to extend from the reaction hole toward the anode distribution area, so that the flow direction of the anode gas can flow toward the anode distribution area.

[0019] Preferably, the flow channel of the anode reaction zone extends from one side of the anode plate to the other side;

[0020] And / or, the anode distribution area has a plurality of first protrusions, and the first protrusions are arranged sequentially from the reaction hole to the anode reaction area.

[0021] Preferably, the cathode reaction zone is located in the middle of the cathode reaction surface; on both sides of the cathode plate, the cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the bridge slot are arranged in sequence;

[0022] The cathode gas enters the cathode plate through the cathode common hole on one side, reacts in the cathode reaction zone, and then flows out through the cathode common hole on the other side.

[0023] In this solution, the cathode reaction zone is located in the middle of the cathode reaction surface, and cathode common holes, anode common holes, and bridge slots are provided on both sides of the cathode plate. Thus, the cathode common holes on one side can serve as the cathode gas inlet, while the cathode common holes on the other side can serve as the cathode gas outlet. Furthermore, the anode common holes and bridge slots on one side can serve as the anode gas inflow channel for the next single cell, while the anode common holes and bridge slots on the other side can serve as the anode gas outflow channel for the next single cell. This allows both anode and cathode reactant gases to enter from one side for reaction, collect after the reaction is complete, and then flow out from the other side.

[0024] Preferably, the cathode plate further has a cathode slot, and the cathode slot is arranged on the back side of the cathode phase;

[0025] The cathode slot extends from the cathode common hole, and the extended end of the cathode slot has a through hole that penetrates the cathode plate, so that the cathode gas enters from the cathode common hole on one side, enters the cathode reaction area of the cathode plate through the through hole of the cathode slot on one side, and then flows from the through hole of the cathode slot on the other side to the cathode common hole on the other side.

[0026] In this solution, the cathode gas is directed from the cathode backside to the cathode reaction surface via the via hole, allowing it to enter the cathode reaction zone for reaction. The cathode slots guide the cathode gas from the cathode common hole toward the via hole and further toward the cathode reaction zone. Furthermore, both the cathode slots and bridge slots are located on the backside of the cathode phase, facilitating the arrangement of the sealing structure and reducing the thickness of the cathode plate, further enhancing the compactness of the single cell structure.

[0027] Preferably, on the cathode reaction surface, a cathode distribution area is provided between the via holes and the cathode reaction area on at least one side, so that the cathode gas enters the various flow channels of the cathode reaction area from the cathode distribution area on one side, or flows out from the cathode distribution area on the other side.

[0028] In this solution, a cathode distribution area can be set on the cathode reaction surface between the via and the cathode reaction area, which can evenly guide the cathode gas to the various flow channels in the cathode reaction area; and it can also disturb the cathode gas and slow down the flow rate of the cathode gas, so that the cathode gas can fully react in the reaction space, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fuel.

[0029] Preferably, the flow channel of the cathode reaction zone extends from one side of the cathode plate to the other side;

[0030] And / or, the cathode distribution area has a plurality of second protrusions, and the second protrusions are arranged sequentially from the via hole to the cathode reaction area.

[0031] Preferably, the cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the reaction hole on both sides of the anode plate are centrally symmetrical, and the cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the bridge slot on both sides of the cathode plate are centrally symmetrical.

[0032] In this solution, they can be arranged symmetrically about the center point of the anode plate and the center point of the cathode plate, respectively, so as to facilitate processing and manufacturing. In addition, during assembly, the two sides of the anode plate and the cathode plate are consistent, which not only simplifies the assembly steps but also avoids assembly errors caused by swapping the two sides.

[0033] Preferably, the anode plate has an anode back surface opposite to the anode reaction surface, and the anode back surface is a plane.

[0034] In this solution, the back side of the anode phase is flat, which can simplify the processing steps of the anode plate, and the back side of the anode phase can be distinguished from the back side of the cathode phase, which can avoid assembly errors when multiple single cells are stacked.

[0035] Preferably, the back side of the cathode phase has a heat dissipation area, and the heat dissipation area is located in the middle of the back side of the cathode phase.

[0036] In this solution, the cathode plate has a heat dissipation zone that can dissipate heat from the individual cells. Furthermore, when multiple cells are stacked, the cathode back of one cell aligns with the anode back of the next cell, forming a complete and independent heat dissipation channel. This helps reduce volume and the heat conduction path, achieving optimal heat dissipation.

[0037] Preferably, an extension direction of the flow channel of the heat dissipation zone and an extension direction of the flow channel of the cathode reaction zone form an angle.

[0038] In this solution, it is possible to facilitate the introduction of heat dissipation gas into the flow channel in the heat dissipation area, thereby avoiding interference with the input and output of the anode gas and the cathode gas.

[0039] Preferably, the anode reaction surface has a first sealing structure, and the cathode reaction surface has a second sealing structure, the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure are arranged correspondingly, and divide the reaction space of the single cell into a first sealing area, a second sealing area and a third sealing area which are spaced apart from each other;

[0040] The anode common hole is located in the first sealing area, the cathode common hole is located in the second sealing area, and the reaction hole, the anode reaction area, the anode groove and anode distribution area between the reaction hole and the anode reaction area, the cathode reaction area, the through hole of the cathode plate, and the cathode distribution area between the through hole and the cathode reaction area are all located in the third sealing area.

[0041] In this solution, the first and second sealing structures divide the reaction space of the single cell into three mutually separated and sealed regions, preventing interference between the anode common hole, cathode common hole, and other regions. This allows the flow paths of the anode gas and cathode gas to flow according to the preset flow path, thus avoiding problems with the single cell reaction. The reaction space of a single cell refers to the reaction space formed by the anode reaction surface and cathode reaction surface after the anode and cathode plates are stacked.

[0042] Preferably, the cell further comprises a first membrane electrode, the first membrane electrode being arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate, and the two surfaces of the first membrane electrode being respectively in contact with the anode reaction surface and the cathode reaction surface;

[0043] A first hole and a second hole are provided on both sides of the first membrane electrode, and the first hole and the second hole correspond to the anode common hole and the cathode common hole respectively.

[0044] In this solution, the first and second holes in the first membrane electrode allow for the flow of anode gas through the anode common hole and cathode gas through the cathode common hole, respectively, allowing the anode gas and cathode gas to flow smoothly to the corresponding anode and cathode plates. Furthermore, the first membrane electrode has a large overlap area with the anode and cathode reaction surfaces, which improves sealing.

[0045] Preferably, the cathode reaction surface has a third sealing structure and a fourth sealing structure, and divides the reaction space of the single cell into a fourth sealing area, a fifth sealing area, a sixth sealing area, and a seventh sealing area; wherein the projection of the seventh sealing area on the cathode reaction surface falls within the projection of the sixth sealing area on the cathode reaction surface, and the fourth sealing area, the fifth sealing area, and the sixth sealing area are spaced apart from each other;

[0046] The anode common hole is located in the fourth sealing area; the cathode common hole is located in the fifth sealing area; the reaction hole, the anode reaction area, the anode groove and the anode distribution area between the reaction hole and the anode reaction area are all located in the sixth sealing area; the cathode reaction area, the through hole of the cathode plate, and the cathode distribution area between the through hole and the cathode reaction area are all located in the seventh sealing area.

[0047] In this solution, by providing a third sealing structure and a fourth sealing structure on the cathode reaction surface, the reaction space of the single cell can be sealed, preventing interference between the anode common hole, the cathode common hole, and other areas. This allows the flow paths of the anode gas and cathode gas to flow according to the preset flow path, avoiding reaction problems in the single cell. This also simplifies the production of the anode plate.

[0048] Preferably, the single cell further includes a second membrane electrode, which is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate. The contour of the second membrane electrode corresponds to the fourth sealing structure and covers the seventh sealing area.

[0049] In this solution, the second membrane electrode is covered in the seventh sealing area, so that when the anode plate, the second membrane electrode and the cathode plate are superimposed on each other, the second membrane electrode separates the anode plate and the cathode plate from each other. On the one hand, it can participate in the reaction of the single cell, and on the other hand, it can avoid the mutual interference of the reactions of the anode plate and the cathode plate.

[0050] Preferably, a fifth sealing structure is provided on both sides of the back side of the cathode phase, and each side of the back side of the cathode phase is divided into an eighth sealing area and a ninth sealing area spaced apart from each other, the anode common hole and the bridge slot are located in the eighth sealing area, and the cathode common hole, the cathode slot of the cathode plate and the via hole of the cathode plate are all located in the ninth sealing area.

[0051] In this solution, by arranging a fifth sealing structure on both sides of the back side of the cathode phase, the two sides of the back side of the cathode phase can be sealed separately, so that the anode common hole and the bridge slot, the cathode common hole and the cathode slot and the via hole, and other areas on the back side of the cathode phase are separated from each other and sealed separately, thereby avoiding mutual interference between the anode gas, the cathode gas and the heat dissipation gas, and making the reaction of the single cell more reliable.

[0052] An anode plate, the anode plate having an anode reaction surface, the anode reaction surface being arranged opposite to the cathode reaction surface on the cathode plate;

[0053] The anode plate is penetrated by an anode common hole and a cathode common hole, and the cathode common hole is used to communicate with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface; the anode reaction surface has an anode reaction area and a reaction hole communicated with the anode reaction area.

[0054] A cathode plate, the cathode plate having a cathode reaction surface and a cathode back surface opposite to the cathode reaction surface, the cathode reaction surface being arranged opposite to the anode reaction surface on the anode plate;

[0055] The cathode plate is penetrated by an anode common hole and a cathode common hole, and the cathode common hole is used to communicate with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface;

[0056] The back side of the cathode phase has a bridge groove, which is connected to the anode common hole on the cathode plate and is opposite to the position of the reaction hole on the anode plate.

[0057] A battery stack includes any one of the above-mentioned single cells, or includes the above-mentioned anode plate, or includes the above-mentioned cathode plate.

[0058] In this solution, the anode common hole and the cathode common hole pass through the single cell. When the single cells are stacked, the anode gas and the cathode gas can flow into the single cell through the anode common hole and the cathode common hole on each single cell respectively. The cathode reaction surface and the anode reaction surface are arranged relative to each other, thereby forming a reaction space of the single cell, and the anode gas and the cathode gas can react and provide energy. Among them, the cathode common hole can be used to connect with the cathode reaction zone to flow the cathode gas into the cathode reaction zone for reaction. In addition, a bridge groove is provided on the back of the cathode phase. Through this bridge groove, the anode gas in the anode common hole on the cathode plate of the previous single cell can be guided to the reaction hole on the anode plate of the next single cell, thereby allowing the anode gas to flow further into the anode reaction zone. Therefore, the anode gas flow channel facilitates the integration of the single cell, reduces the number of parts, and makes the structure of the single cell compact. In addition, the anode plate and cathode plate structure are compact and clear, with a high degree of integration, which is conducive to reducing the number of parts and integrated processing. Furthermore, a membrane electrode can be provided between the anode plate and the cathode plate to form a cathode-enclosed single cell, which has a small number of stacking layers, is easy to assemble and disassemble, and can be reused.

[0059] Preferably, the battery stack includes a plurality of single cells, and the plurality of single cells are stacked in sequence; between two adjacent single cells, the bridge slot of one of the single cells is connected to the reaction hole of the other single cell, so that the anode gas passes through the anode common hole of one of the single cells through the bridge slot, enters the reaction hole of the other single cell and then enters the anode reaction area of the other single cell.

[0060] In this solution, stacking multiple cells creates a closed-cathode stack, increasing reactant gas pressure and power density. Furthermore, the stacked cells sequentially connect the anode common holes and bridge slots of the cathode plate of the previous cell with the reaction holes of the anode plate of the next cell, forming a continuous anode gas channel. This facilitates a compact and integrated stack structure, reducing the number of components.

[0061] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are that the anode common hole and the cathode common hole extend through the single cell. When the single cells are stacked, the anode gas and the cathode gas can flow into the single cell through the anode common hole and the cathode common hole on each single cell, respectively. The cathode reaction surface and the anode reaction surface are arranged relative to each other, thereby forming a reaction space in the single cell, where the anode gas and the cathode gas can react and provide energy. The cathode common hole can be used to connect to the cathode reaction zone to flow the cathode gas into the cathode reaction zone for reaction. A bridge groove is provided on the back surface of the cathode phase. Through this bridge groove, the anode gas in the anode common hole on the cathode plate of the previous single cell can be guided to the reaction hole on the anode plate of the next single cell, thereby further flowing the anode gas into the anode reaction zone. This anode gas flow channel facilitates the integration of the single cells, reduces the number of parts, and makes the structure of the single cell compact. In addition, the anode plate and cathode plate have a compact and clear structure and a high degree of integration, which is conducive to reducing the number of parts and integrated processing. Furthermore, a membrane electrode can be provided between the anode plate and the cathode plate to form a cathode-enclosed single cell, which has a small number of stacking layers, is easy to assemble and disassemble, and can be reused. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a single battery provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery after disassembly from one perspective;

[0064] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery after disassembly from another perspective;

[0065] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the anode plate of a single cell;

[0066] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the anode reaction surface of the middle anode plate;

[0067] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the back side of the anode phase of the middle anode plate;

[0068] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cathode plate of a single cell;

[0069] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the cathode back side of the middle cathode plate;

[0070] Figure 9 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the cathode reaction surface of the middle cathode plate;

[0071] Figure 10 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery stack formed by stacking single cells from one perspective, in which some single cells are split, and a single cell is further split into an anode plate, a membrane electrode, and a cathode plate;

[0072] Figure 11 for Figure 1 Another perspective of the structure of the battery stack formed by the stack of single cells, in which some single cells are split, and a single cell is further split into the anode plate, membrane electrode, and cathode plate;

[0073] Figure 12 A schematic structural diagram of a single battery provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery after disassembly from one perspective;

[0075] Figure 14 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery after disassembly from another perspective;

[0076] Figure 15 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the anode plate of a single cell;

[0077] Figure 16 for Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the anode reaction surface of the middle anode plate;

[0078] Figure 17 for Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the back side of the anode phase of the middle anode plate;

[0079] Figure 18 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cathode plate of a single cell;

[0080] Figure 19 for Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the cathode back side of the middle cathode plate;

[0081] Figure 20 for Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the cathode reaction surface of the middle cathode plate.

[0082] Description of Reference Numerals

[0083] Example 1

[0084] Anode plate 1; anode reaction surface 10; anode back surface 15; anode common holes 101, 102; cathode common holes 103, 104; reaction holes 105, 106; anode reaction area 11; flow channel 111 in the anode reaction area; anode distribution area 12; first protrusion 121; anode slot 13; first sealing structure 14;

[0085] Cathode plate 2; cathode reaction surface 20; cathode back surface 21; anode common holes 201, 202; cathode common holes 203, 204; bridge slots 211, 212; cathode slots 221, 222; vias 231, 232; cathode reaction area 26; flow channel 261 in the cathode reaction area; cathode distribution area 27; second protrusion 271; flow channel 25 in the heat dissipation area; second sealing structure 28; fifth sealing structure 24;

[0086] First membrane electrode 3 , first holes 301 , 302 ; second holes 303 , 304 ; single cell 4 ; upper single cell 41 of two adjacent single cells; lower single cell 42 of two adjacent single cells; battery stack 5 .

[0087] Example 2

[0088] Anode plate 6; anode reaction area 61; flow channel 611 of the anode reaction area; anode common holes 601, 602; cathode common holes 603, 604; reaction holes 605, 606; anode distribution area 62; first protrusion 621; anode slot 63; anode back surface 64;

[0089] Cathode plate 7; anode common holes 701, 702; cathode common holes 703, 704; bridge slots 711, 712; cathode slots 721, 722; vias 731, 732; flow channel 75 in the heat dissipation zone; cathode reaction zone 76; flow channel 761 in the cathode reaction zone; cathode distribution zone 77; second protrusion 771; third sealing structure 78; fourth sealing structure 79; fifth sealing structure 74;

[0090] Second membrane electrode 9; single cell 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0092] Example 1

[0093] The embodiment of the present invention provides a single battery, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the single cell 4 includes an anode plate 1 and a cathode plate 2. Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the single cells 4 can be stacked in sequence to form a battery stack 5, wherein the stacking method of two adjacent single cells 4 is that the cathode plate 2 of the upper single cell 41 is attached to the anode plate of the lower single cell 42.

[0094] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the anode plate has an anode reaction surface 10, and the cathode plate has a cathode reaction surface 20 and a cathode reaction surface 21 opposite the cathode reaction surface. The anode reaction surface 10 and the cathode reaction surface 20 are arranged opposite each other. When the anode reaction surface 10 and the cathode reaction surface 20 are stacked, a reaction space of the single cell 4 is formed. The anode gas and the cathode gas flow in the single cell 4 and react in the reaction zone of the reaction space.

[0095] The single cell 4 has anode common holes 101, 102, 201, 202 and cathode common holes 103, 104, 203, 204, which both penetrate the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1. The cathode common holes 103, 104, 203, 204 are used to communicate with the cathode reaction area 26 on the cathode reaction surface 20; the anode reaction surface 10 has an anode reaction area 11 and reaction holes 105, 106 connected to the anode reaction area 11; the cathode back surface 21 has bridge grooves 211, 212, which communicate with the anode common holes 201, 202 on the cathode plate and are located opposite the reaction holes 105, 106.

[0096] In a specific implementation, the anode common holes and cathode common holes extend through the single cells 4. When the single cells 4 are stacked, the anode gas and cathode gas can flow into or out of the single cells through the anode common holes 101, 102, 201, 202 and cathode common holes 103, 104, 203, 204 on each single cell 4, respectively. The cathode reaction surface 20 and the anode reaction surface 10 are arranged opposite each other, thereby forming a reaction space in the single cell 4, where the anode gas and cathode gas can react and provide energy. The cathode common holes 103, 104, 203, 204 can be used to communicate with the cathode reaction zone 26, thereby flowing the cathode gas into the cathode reaction zone 26 for reaction, or flowing the cathode gas out of the cathode reaction zone 26. Furthermore, bridge slots 211 and 212 are provided on the back surface of the cathode phase 21. These bridge slots 211 and 212 guide the anode gas from the anode common hole on the cathode plate of the previous cell 41 to the reaction hole on the anode plate of the next cell 42, thereby further flowing the anode gas into the anode reaction zone. This anode gas flow channel facilitates the integration of the cells, reduces the number of components, and makes the cell structure compact. Furthermore, the anode plate 1 and cathode plate 2 have a compact and clear structure, with a high degree of integration, which facilitates the reduction of component count and integrated processing. Furthermore, a membrane electrode can be disposed between the anode plate 1 and cathode plate 2 to form a cathode-enclosed cell, which has a small number of stacked layers, is easy to assemble, convenient to disassemble, and reusable.

[0097] Furthermore, when several single cells 4 are stacked to form a battery stack 5, in two adjacent single cells, the bridge slot of the upper single cell 41 can be connected to the reaction hole of the lower single cell 42, thereby forming an airflow channel for the anode gas of the single cell 4, making the structure of the battery stack 5 more compact.

[0098] In specific implementation, the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 can have various shapes and structures, and the various areas on the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 can also have various arrangements. Figure 1 - 11 Further Description The embodiment of the present invention provides a feasible implementation of the single cell 4, the anode plate 1, the cathode plate 2 and the battery stack 5.

[0099] Specifically, if Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a feasible implementation of the anode plate 1.

[0100] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the anode reaction area 11 is located in the middle of the anode reaction surface 10; on both sides of the anode plate, the cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the reaction hole are arranged in sequence. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, on one side of the anode reaction surface 10, a cathode common hole 104, an anode common hole 101, and a reaction hole 105 are sequentially provided, serving as the inlet ports for each gas. On the other side of the anode reaction surface 10, a cathode common hole 103, an anode common hole 102, and a reaction hole 106 are sequentially provided, serving as the outlet ports for each gas. Anode gas enters the anode plate 1 through the reaction hole 105 on one side, reacts in the anode reaction zone 11, and then flows out through the reaction hole 106 on the other side.

[0101] The cathode common hole, anode common hole and reaction hole on both sides of the anode plate 1 are symmetrical. Figure 5 As shown, the cathode common hole 104, anode common hole 101, and reaction hole 105 on one side can be symmetrical about the center point of the anode plate 1 with the cathode common hole 103, anode common hole 102, and reaction hole 106 on the other side. This facilitates manufacturing. Furthermore, during assembly, the two sides of the anode plate 1 are consistent, which not only simplifies the assembly process but also avoids assembly errors caused by swapping the two sides. In a specific implementation, the anode plate 1 can have a regular rectangular structure or other shapes.

[0102] An anode distribution area is provided between the reaction hole and the anode reaction area on at least one side, so that the anode gas enters the various flow channels of the anode reaction area from the anode distribution area on one side, or flows out from the anode distribution area on the other side. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, anode distribution areas 12 are provided on both sides of the anode reaction surface 10. When anode gas enters through the reaction hole 105, it is distributed and guided through the connected anode distribution area 12. After reacting in the central anode reaction area 11, it flows to the anode distribution area 12 on the other side for distribution and guidance to the reaction hole 106. Furthermore, the anode distribution area 12 on one side can disturb the anode gas, slowing its flow rate, allowing it to fully react within the reaction space and improving fuel utilization. Furthermore, the anode distribution area 12 on the other side can evenly guide the anode gas to flow into the reaction hole 106. Furthermore, the provision of anode distribution areas 12 on both sides allows either side of the anode plate 1 to serve as a gas inlet and the other as a gas outlet.

[0103] The anode reaction surface is also provided with an anode slot, which is located between the reaction hole and the anode distribution area and is used to connect the reaction hole and the anode distribution area. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, anode slots 13 are provided on both sides of the anode reaction surface 10. The anode slots 13 on one side are used to connect the reaction hole 105 and the anode distribution area 12 on one side, and the anode slots 13 on the other side are used to connect the reaction hole 106 and the anode distribution area 12 on the other side. In addition, the extension directions of the anode slots 13 on both sides are respectively extended from the reaction holes 105 and 106 toward the corresponding anode distribution area 12, so that the inflow direction of the anode gas at the anode slots 13 can flow toward the anode distribution area 12, or the outflow direction of the anode gas at the anode distribution area 12 can flow out toward the anode slots 13. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the anode slots 13 and the anode distribution areas 12 on both sides are also centrally symmetrical about the center point of the anode plate 1 .

[0104] More specifically, when the anode reaction surface 10 simultaneously has the above-mentioned reaction holes, anode slots, anode distribution areas and flow channels of the anode reaction areas, the anode gas can have the following flow pattern on the anode reaction surface. The anode gas in the anode common hole 201 in the previous single cell 41 will flow into the bridge slot 211 connected thereto and enter the reaction hole 105 of the next single cell 42. The anode gas in the reaction hole 105 will further pass through the anode slot 13 and the anode distribution area 12, thereby entering the flow channel 111 of the anode reaction area. After the reaction in the anode reaction area 11 is completed, the anode gas will flow to the anode distribution area 12, the anode slot 13 and the reaction hole 106 on the other side. The reaction hole 106 is connected to the bridge slot 212 of the previous single cell 41. The anode gas will further flow into the anode common hole 202 through the bridge slot 212 until it flows out of the battery stack 5.

[0105] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the flow channel 111 of the anode reaction zone extends from one side of the anode plate 1 to the other side. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The structure of the anode reaction channel 111 is shown in FIG. 1 , taking a straight channel as an example, but this does not constitute a limitation on the channel 111 . Other types of channels are applicable to the present invention, such as a curved channel.

[0106] The anode distribution area 12 has a plurality of first protrusions 121, and the first protrusions 12 are arranged in sequence from the reaction hole to the anode reaction area. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, both sides of the anode reaction surface 10 have anode distribution areas 12, and each anode distribution area 12 has a plurality of first protrusions 121. The plurality of first protrusions 121 are arranged in an array, forming guide channels extending from the anode slots 13 to the flow channels 111 of the anode reaction area. The guide channels can be arranged at an angle within the anode distribution area 12 to allow the anode gas in the anode slots 13 to be guided through the anode distribution area 12 to the flow channels 111, or to allow the anode gas in the flow channels 111 to flow out of the anode slots 13 through the guidance of the anode distribution area 12. The first protrusions 121 can be cylindrical structures, or other similar structures such as cylinders.

[0107] like Figure 6 As shown, the anode plate 1 has an anode back surface 15 opposite to the anode reaction surface 10, and the anode back surface 15 is a plane. The plane of the anode back surface 15 simplifies the processing steps of the anode plate 1, and the anode back surface 15 can be distinguished from the cathode back surface 21, which can avoid assembly errors when multiple single cells 4 are stacked. And, as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, when the back surface 21 of the cathode phase is provided with a flow channel 25 in the heat dissipation area, it can form a heat dissipation channel with the flow channel 25 to dissipate heat.

[0108] Specifically, if Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a feasible implementation of the cathode plate 2 provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The cathode plate 2 shown in FIG can be connected with Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 The anode plates 1 shown in the figure are stacked, and a membrane electrode is arranged between the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1, thereby forming a single cell 4.

[0109] like Figure 9 As shown, the cathode reaction zone 26 is located in the middle of the cathode reaction surface 20; on both sides of the cathode plate 2, the cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the bridge slot are arranged in sequence. Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, on one side of the cathode phase back surface 21, a cathode common hole 204, an anode common hole 201, and a bridge slot 211 are sequentially provided, and these serve as the inlet ports for each gas; on the other side of the cathode phase back surface 21, a cathode common hole 203, an anode common hole 202, and a bridge slot 212 are sequentially provided, and these serve as the outlet ports for each gas. Cathode gas enters the cathode plate 2 from the cathode common hole 204 on one side, reacts in the cathode reaction zone 26, and then flows out from the cathode common hole 203 on the other side. Furthermore, anode gas can enter the bridge slot 211 from the anode common hole 201 on one side, and then enter the reaction hole 105 of the next single cell 42. After reacting in the anode reaction zone 11, it flows out from the reaction hole 106 on the other side, then enters the bridge slot 212 on the other side, and passes through the anode common hole 202 until it flows out of the single cell 41. Thus, the holes and grooves on the cathode plate 2 can form a cathode gas flow channel and also serve as a part of the anode gas flow channel, so that the structure of the single cell 4 is compact, the number of stacking layers is small, and it is easy to assemble, easy to disassemble, and reusable.

[0110] The cathode common hole, anode common hole and bridge slot on both sides of the cathode plate 2 are symmetrical. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the cathode common hole 204, anode common hole 201, and bridge slot 211 on one side can be symmetrical about the center point of the cathode plate 2 with the cathode common hole 203, anode common hole 202, and bridge slot 212 on the other side. This facilitates manufacturing. Furthermore, during assembly, the two sides of the cathode plate 2 are consistent, which not only simplifies the assembly process but also avoids assembly errors caused by swapping the two sides. In a specific implementation, the cathode plate 2 can have a regular rectangular structure or other shapes.

[0111] Preferably, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 can both be rectangular structures, and the outer contours of the two are basically the same; when the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 are assembled, the cathode common hole 104 and the cathode common hole 204 on one side of the single cell 4 correspond to each other, and the size and shape of the openings are consistent; the anode common hole 101 and the anode common hole 201 on one side correspond to each other, and the size and shape of the openings are consistent; the reaction hole 105 on one side corresponds to the bridge slot 211, and the projection of the reaction hole 105 on the bridge slot 211 falls into the bridge slot 211; accordingly, the other side of the single cell 4 has the same arrangement.

[0112] The cathode plate 1 also has a cathode slot, which is arranged on the back side 21 of the cathode phase; the cathode slot extends from the cathode common hole, and the extended end of the cathode slot has a through hole that penetrates the cathode plate, so that the cathode gas enters from the cathode common hole on one side, enters the cathode reaction area of the cathode plate through the through hole of the cathode slot on one side, and then flows from the through hole of the cathode slot on the other side to the cathode common hole on the other side. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, cathode slots 221 and 222 are provided on both sides of the back surface 21 of the cathode phase, wherein the cathode slot 222 on one side extends from the cathode common hole 204 close to the edge of the cathode reaction zone 26, and after extending for a certain distance, has a through hole 232 penetrating the cathode plate 2 at its extended end; the cathode slot 221 on the other side extends from the cathode common hole 203 close to the edge of the cathode reaction zone 26, and after extending for a certain distance, has a through hole 231 penetrating the cathode plate 2 at its extended end. Thus, when the cathode gas flows to the cathode common hole 204 on the cathode plate 2, it can flow into the via hole 232 through the cathode slot 222, and through the via hole 232, the cathode gas can enter the cathode reaction surface 20 from the cathode back surface 21, and then enter the cathode reaction area 26 of the cathode reaction surface 20, and react in the flow channel 261; further, the cathode gas in the flow channel 261 can flow to the cathode back surface 21 through the via hole 231 on the other side, and flow into the cathode common hole 203 through the cathode slot 221, and then flow out of the single cell 4. Through this arrangement, as Figure 8 As shown, the cathode slots 222, 221 and the bridge slots 211, 212 are all located at the back side 21 of the cathode phase, so that Figure 9 As shown, it is convenient to arrange a corresponding sealing structure on the cathode reaction surface 20, so that each gas can form an independent airflow channel. In addition, the cathode grooves and bridge grooves are both provided on the cathode phase back surface 21. The cathode grooves 222, 221 can be formed by multiple ridges, while the bridge grooves 211, 212 can be groove structures, which can reduce the thickness of the cathode plate 2. When the cathode phase back surface 21 of the previous single cell 41 is aligned with the anode phase back surface 15 of the next single cell 42, a gap can be created between the bridge grooves 211, 212 and the anode phase back surface 15, thereby ensuring that a flow channel for the anode gas can be formed.

[0113] On the cathode reaction surface, a cathode distribution area 27 is provided between at least one side of the through hole and the cathode reaction area 26, so that the cathode gas enters the various flow channels 261 of the cathode reaction area from the cathode distribution area 27 on one side, or flows out from the cathode distribution area 27 on the other side. Figure 9As shown, cathode distribution areas 27 are provided between the through-holes 231, 232 on both sides of the cathode reaction surface 20 and the reaction area 26. When the cathode gas enters from the through-hole 232 on one side, it can be distributed and guided through the cathode distribution area 27 connected thereto. After reacting in the cathode reaction area 26 in the middle, it flows to the cathode distribution area 27 on the other side for distribution and guidance to the through-hole 231. Moreover, the cathode distribution area 27 on one side can also disturb the cathode gas, slowing down the flow speed of the cathode gas so that the cathode gas can fully react in the reaction space and improving the utilization rate of the fuel; and the cathode distribution area 27 on the other side can evenly guide the cathode gas and flow it into the through-hole 231. In addition, cathode distribution areas 27 are provided on both sides, so that either side of the cathode plate 2 can be used as a gas inlet end, and the other can be used as a gas outlet end. As shown Figure 8 As shown, the cathode slots 222 and 221 on both sides are also symmetrical about the center point of the cathode plate 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown, the cathode distribution areas 27 on both sides are also centrally symmetrical about the center point of the cathode plate 2 .

[0114] like Figure 9 As shown, the flow channel 261 of the cathode reaction zone extends from one side of the cathode plate 1 to the other side. Figure 9 The cathode reaction channel 261 structure is shown in the figure using a straight channel as an example, but this does not constitute a limitation on the channel 261. Other types of channels are applicable to the present invention, such as a curved channel.

[0115] The cathode distribution area 27 has a plurality of second protrusions 271, and the second protrusions 271 are arranged sequentially from the through holes 231, 232 to the cathode reaction area 26. Figure 9 As shown, cathode distribution areas 27 are provided on both sides of cathode reaction surface 20, and each cathode distribution area 27 has a plurality of second protrusions 271. The plurality of second protrusions 271 are arranged in an array, forming guide channels extending from vias 231 and 232 to flow channels 261 in the cathode reaction area. The guide channels can be arranged at an angle within cathode distribution area 27 to allow anode gas in vias 232 to be guided through cathode distribution area 27 into each flow channel 261, or to allow cathode gas in flow channel 261 to flow out of vias 231 through the guidance of cathode distribution area 27. The second protrusions 271 can be cylindrical, or other similar structures such as columns.

[0116] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cathode reaction surface 20 and the anode reaction surface 10 can be mirror-symmetrical about the membrane electrode, so that the gas on both sides of the membrane electrode can be evenly distributed, which is beneficial to improving reaction efficiency. It can also simplify the processing steps of the single cell and reduce manufacturing costs.

[0117] The cathode back side 21 has a heat dissipation area, and the heat dissipation area is located in the middle of the cathode back side 21. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the heat dissipation area has a plurality of heat dissipation channels 25, and the heat dissipation gas can flow through the channels 25 to dissipate heat from the single cells 4. Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, when multiple cells 4 are stacked, the cathode back surface 21 of the upper cell 41 can be aligned with the anode back surface 15 of the lower cell 42, thereby forming a complete and independent heat dissipation channel. This helps reduce the volume and heat conduction path, achieving good heat dissipation. Furthermore, the heat dissipation channel formed by this alignment allows for the machining of corresponding grooves on the cathode back surface to form flow channels 25, thereby forming a heat dissipation channel. This also simplifies the processing steps for the heat dissipation channel.

[0118] The extension direction of the flow channel 25 in the heat dissipation zone and the extension direction of the flow channel 261 in the cathode reaction zone form an angle. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the flow channel 261 in the cathode reaction zone extends along the length of the cathode plate 2, and the flow channel 25 in the heat dissipation zone can extend along the width of the cathode plate 2 and extend to the edge of the cathode plate 2. This facilitates the flow of heat dissipation gas into the flow channel in the heat dissipation zone, avoiding interference with the input and output of the anode gas and the cathode gas.

[0119] The above provides some feasible embodiments of the cathode plate 2 and the anode plate 1. On the basis of the above embodiments, a corresponding sealing structure can be further arranged in the reaction space of the single cell 4 to form a corresponding sealed area, so that the various gases do not interfere with each other, thereby improving the reliability of the single cell 4 during use. In this embodiment, a feasible embodiment of the sealing structure is provided, and another feasible embodiment will be provided in the following embodiment 2. However, the sealing structure should not be limited to only these two embodiments. Corresponding variations can also be made in other embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention and, therefore, should also be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0120] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the anode reaction surface has a first sealing structure 14, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown, the cathode reaction surface has a second sealing structure 28, and the first sealing structure 14 is arranged corresponding to the second sealing structure 28, dividing the reaction space of the single cell 4 into a first sealing area, a second sealing area, and a third sealing area spaced apart from each other. The reaction space of the single cell 4 refers to the space formed by the anode reaction surface 10 and the cathode reaction surface 20 after the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 are stacked. This space can be further divided into a reaction area and a gas flow area.

[0121] like Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the anode common holes 101, 102, 201, 202 are located in the first sealing area, the cathode common holes 103, 104, 203, 204 are located in the second sealing area, the reaction holes 105, 106, the anode reaction area 11, the anode grooves 13 and the anode distribution area 12 between the reaction holes and the anode reaction area, the cathode reaction area 26, the through holes 231, 232 of the cathode plate, and the cathode distribution area 27 between the through holes and the cathode reaction area are all located in the third sealing area.

[0122] Through the first sealing structure 14 and the second sealing structure 28, the reaction space of the single cell 4 can be divided into three mutually spaced and sealed areas, avoiding the impact between the anode common hole, the cathode common hole and other areas, so that the flow paths of the anode gas and the cathode gas can flow according to the preset flow, avoiding problems with the reaction of the single cell.

[0123] Further, if Figure 5 As shown, the first sealing structure 14 can be a groove sunken on the surface of the anode reaction surface 10, and the groove can be arranged around each functional area on the anode reaction surface 10; and a number of annular protrusions are formed, specifically, a first annular protrusion is formed around the edge of the anode reaction surface 10, a second annular protrusion is formed around the anode common holes 101 and 102 respectively, a third annular protrusion is formed around the cathode common holes 104 and 103, and a fourth annular protrusion is formed around the reaction hole 105, the anode slot 13 on one side, the anode distribution area 12 on one side, the anode reaction area 11, the anode distribution area 12 on the other side, the anode slot 13 on the other side and the reaction hole 106, thereby separating these functional areas from each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown, the second sealing structure 28 can also be a groove sunken at the surface of the cathode reaction surface 20, which can be arranged around the various functional areas on the anode reaction surface 10; and a number of annular protrusions are formed, and the shape and position of each annular protrusion basically correspond to the various annular protrusions on the anode reaction surface 10.

[0124] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the single cell further includes a first membrane electrode 3, which is disposed between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2, and the two surfaces of the first membrane electrode 3 are respectively in contact with the anode reaction surface 10 and the cathode reaction surface 20;

[0125] Both sides of the first membrane electrode are provided with first holes 301, 302 and second holes 303, 304, and the first holes 301, 302 and second holes 303, 304 correspond to the anode common hole and the cathode common hole respectively.

[0126] The first holes 301, 302 and the second holes 303, 304 on the first membrane electrode 3 reserve corresponding holes for the flow of anode gas from the anode common hole and cathode gas from the cathode common hole, respectively, allowing the anode gas and cathode gas to flow smoothly to the corresponding anode and cathode plates. Furthermore, the first membrane electrode has a large overlap area with the anode reaction surface and the cathode reaction surface, which can improve the sealing effect.

[0127] like Figure 8 As shown, a fifth sealing structure 24 is provided on both sides of the back side 21 of the cathode phase, and each side of the back side 21 of the cathode phase is divided into an eighth sealing area and a ninth sealing area spaced apart from each other. The anode common hole and the bridge slot are located in the eighth sealing area, and the cathode common hole, the cathode slot of the cathode plate and the via hole of the cathode plate are all located in the ninth sealing area.

[0128] By arranging the fifth sealing structure 24 on both sides of the back side 21 of the cathode phase, the two sides of the back side 21 of the cathode phase can be sealed separately, so that the anode common hole and the bridge slot, the cathode common hole and the cathode slot and the via, and other areas on the back side of the cathode phase are separated from each other and sealed separately, thereby avoiding mutual interference between the anode gas, the cathode gas and the heat dissipation gas, and making the reaction of the single cell more reliable.

[0129] Further, if Figure 8 As shown, the fifth sealing structure 24 can be a groove sunken on both sides of the surface of the back side of the cathode phase 21, and the groove can be arranged around the various functional areas on the back side of the cathode phase 21; and a number of annular protrusions are formed. Specifically, taking the annular protrusions on one side as an example, it can have a fifth annular protrusion around the anode common hole 201 and the bridge groove 211, a sixth annular protrusion around the cathode common hole 204, the cathode groove 222 and the via 232, and a seventh annular protrusion around the fifth annular protrusion and the sixth annular protrusion to separate them from the heat dissipation area.

[0130] Example 2

[0131] The present invention also provides another embodiment of the single cell 8. Figures 12 to 10 As shown, the cell 8 can have the same air flow channel and similar structure as the cell 4 in the first embodiment. Figure 15 、 Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, the anode plate 6 of the single cell 8 has a substantially similar structure to the anode plate 1 of the single cell 4 in the first embodiment. The anode reaction area 61, the flow channel 611 in the anode reaction area, the anode common holes 601, 602, the cathode common holes 603, 604, the reaction holes 605, 606, the anode distribution area 62, the first protrusion 621, the anode slot 63 and the anode back surface 64 on the anode plate 6 are substantially the same as the corresponding structures in the first embodiment. Figure 18 、 Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the cathode plate 7 of the single cell has a basically similar structure to the cathode plate 2 of the single cell 4 in Example 1. The anode common holes 701, 702, cathode common holes 703, 704, bridge slots 711, 712, cathode slots 721, 722, vias 731, 732, flow channel 75 in the heat dissipation zone, cathode reaction zone 76, flow channel 761 in the cathode reaction zone, cathode distribution zone 77 and second protrusion 771 on the cathode plate 7 are basically the same as the corresponding structures in Example 1. For detailed descriptions of these basically identical structures, please refer to the relevant discussions in Example 1. In addition, this embodiment provides a sealing structure different from that in Example 1. Figure 15 and 20 As shown, the sealing structure of the single cell 8 in this embodiment is integrated with the cathode reaction surface of the cathode plate 7 , while no sealing structure is provided on the anode plate 6 .

[0132] like Figure 20 As shown, the cathode reaction surface has a third sealing structure 78 and a fourth sealing structure 79, and divides the reaction space of the single cell 8 into a fourth sealing area, a fifth sealing area, a sixth sealing area, and a seventh sealing area; wherein the projection of the seventh sealing area on the cathode reaction surface falls within the projection of the sixth sealing area on the cathode reaction surface, and the fourth sealing area, the fifth sealing area, and the sixth sealing area are spaced apart from each other;

[0133] The anode common holes 601, 602, 701, 702 are located in the fourth sealing area; the cathode common holes 603, 604, 703, 704 are located in the fifth sealing area; the reaction holes 605, 606, the anode reaction area 61, the anode grooves 63 between the reaction holes and the anode reaction area, and the anode distribution area 62 are all located in the sixth sealing area; the cathode reaction area 76, the through holes 731, 732 of the cathode plate, and the cathode distribution area 77 between the through holes and the cathode reaction area are all located in the seventh sealing area.

[0134] By providing the third sealing structure 78 and the fourth sealing structure 79 on the cathode reaction surface, the reaction space of the single cell 8 can be sealed, preventing interference between the anode common hole, the cathode common hole, and other areas. This allows the flow paths of the anode gas and cathode gas to flow according to the preset flow path, avoiding problems with the reaction of the single cell. This also simplifies the production of the anode plate.

[0135] The single cell further includes a second membrane electrode 9 , which is disposed between the anode plate 6 and the cathode plate 7 . The contour of the second membrane electrode 9 corresponds to the fourth sealing structure and covers the seventh sealing area.

[0136] The second membrane electrode 9 is covered in the seventh sealing area, so that when the anode plate 6, the second membrane electrode 9 and the cathode plate 7 are superimposed on each other, the second membrane electrode 9 separates the anode plate 6 and the cathode plate 7 from each other. On the one hand, it can participate in the reaction of the single cell 8, and on the other hand, it can avoid the respective reactions of the anode plate 6 and the cathode plate 7 from interfering with each other.

[0137] As well as Figure 20 As shown, the third sealing structure 78 and the fourth sealing structure 79 can also be grooves sunken into the surface of the cathode reaction surface. The grooves can be arranged around the various functional areas on the anode reaction surface and the cathode reaction surface, and form a plurality of annular protrusions. In addition to including structures similar to the first to fourth annular protrusions of Example 1, an eighth annular protrusion is also provided inside the fourth annular protrusion surrounding the anode reaction surface. The eighth annular protrusion is used to separate the vias 731, 732, cathode distribution area 77, and cathode reaction area 76 on the cathode reaction surface from the corresponding areas on the anode reaction surface.

[0138] A fifth sealing structure 74 is provided on both sides of the cathode phase back surface, dividing each side of the cathode phase back surface into an eighth and ninth spaced-apart sealing area. The anode common hole and bridge slot are located within the eighth sealing area, while the cathode common hole, cathode slots of the cathode plate, and cathode plate vias are all located within the ninth sealing area. The fifth sealing structure 74 in this embodiment is substantially identical to the fifth sealing structure 24 in the first embodiment.

[0139] Example 3

[0140] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an anode plate, which has an anode reaction surface, and the anode reaction surface is used to be arranged opposite to the cathode reaction surface on the cathode plate; the anode plate is penetrated by an anode common hole and a cathode common hole, and the cathode common hole is used to connect with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface; the anode reaction surface has an anode reaction area and a reaction hole connected with the anode reaction area.

[0141] Specifically, if Figure 4-6 and Figure 15-17 Two implementation methods of the anode plate are provided. For details, please refer to the relevant contents in Implementation 1 and Implementation 2 respectively.

[0142] Example 4

[0143] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a cathode plate, the cathode plate having a cathode reaction surface and a cathode back surface opposite to the cathode reaction surface, the cathode reaction surface being arranged opposite to the anode reaction surface on the anode plate;

[0144] The cathode plate is penetrated by an anode common hole and a cathode common hole, and the cathode common hole is used to connect with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface; the back of the cathode phase has a bridge groove, which is connected with the anode common hole on the cathode plate and is opposite to the position of the reaction hole on the anode plate.

[0145] Specifically, if Figure 7-9 and Figure 18-20 Two implementation methods of the cathode plate are provided respectively. For details, please refer to the relevant contents in Implementation 1 and Implementation 2 respectively.

[0146] Example 5

[0147] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery stack, which includes any of the above-mentioned single cells, or includes the above-mentioned anode plate, or includes the above-mentioned cathode plate.

[0148] The anode common hole and cathode common hole extend through the single cell. When the cells are stacked, anode gas and cathode gas can flow into the cell through the anode common hole and cathode common hole, respectively, on each cell. The cathode reaction surface and anode reaction surface are arranged opposite each other, forming a reaction space in the cell, where the anode gas and cathode gas can react and provide energy. The cathode common hole can be used to connect to the cathode reaction zone, allowing the cathode gas to flow into the cathode reaction zone for reaction. A bridge groove is provided on the back surface of the cathode phase. This bridge groove guides the anode gas from the anode common hole on the cathode plate of the previous cell to the reaction hole on the anode plate of the next cell, allowing the anode gas to flow further into the anode reaction zone. This anode gas flow channel facilitates the integration of the cells, reduces the number of components, and makes the cell structure compact. Furthermore, the anode and cathode plates have a compact and clear structure, with a high degree of integration, which helps reduce the number of components and facilitates integrated processing. Furthermore, a membrane electrode can be placed between the anode and cathode plates to form a cathode-enclosed cell, which has a small number of stacking layers, is easy to assemble, disassemble, and is reusable.

[0149] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the battery stack includes a plurality of single cells 4, which are stacked in sequence; between two adjacent single cells 4, the bridge slots 211, 212 of one single cell 41 are connected to the reaction holes 105, 106 of the other single cell 42, so that the anode gas passes from the anode common hole of one single cell 41 through the bridge slot, enters the reaction hole of the other single cell 42 and then enters the anode reaction area of the other single cell.

[0150] Stacking multiple cells creates a closed-cathode stack, increasing reactant gas pressure and power density. Furthermore, by sequentially connecting the anode common holes and bridge slots of the cathode plate of the previous cell with the reaction holes of the anode plate of the next cell, a continuous anode gas channel is formed. This contributes to a more compact and integrated stack structure, reducing the number of components.

[0151] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these are merely illustrative and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, and such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single battery, characterized in that: The single cell includes an anode plate and a cathode plate, wherein the anode plate has an anode reaction surface, and the cathode plate has a cathode reaction surface and a cathode reaction surface opposite to the cathode reaction surface, wherein the anode reaction surface and the cathode reaction surface are arranged opposite to each other; The single cell has an anode common hole and a cathode common hole, both of which penetrate the cathode plate and the anode plate; the cathode common hole is used to communicate with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface; The anode reaction surface has an anode reaction area and a reaction hole connected to the anode reaction area; the cathode back surface has a bridge groove, the bridge groove is connected to the anode common hole on the cathode plate and is opposite to the position of the reaction hole; The anode reaction zone is a region on the anode reaction surface where the anode gas flows and reacts, and the cathode reaction zone is a region on the cathode reaction surface where the cathode gas flows and reacts. The bridge slot connects two adjacent cells and is used to guide the anode gas in the anode common hole of the cathode plate of the previous cell to the reaction hole on the anode plate of the next cell, so as to further flow the anode gas into the anode reaction area.

2. The single cell according to claim 1, wherein: The anode reaction area is located in the middle of the anode reaction surface; on both sides of the anode plate, the cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the reaction hole are arranged in sequence; The anode gas enters the anode plate from the reaction hole on one side, reacts in the anode reaction area, and then flows out from the reaction hole on the other side.

3. The single cell according to claim 2, wherein: An anode distribution area is provided between the reaction hole and the anode reaction area on at least one side, so that the anode gas enters the various flow channels of the anode reaction area from the anode distribution area on one side, or flows out from the anode distribution area on the other side.

4. The single cell according to claim 3, wherein: The anode reaction surface is further provided with an anode slot, which is located between the reaction hole and the anode distribution area and is used to connect the reaction hole and the anode distribution area.

5. The single cell according to claim 3, wherein: The flow channel of the anode reaction zone extends from one side of the anode plate to the other side; And / or, the anode distribution area has a plurality of first protrusions, and the first protrusions are arranged sequentially from the reaction hole to the anode reaction area.

6. The single cell according to claim 2, wherein: The cathode reaction zone is located in the middle of the cathode reaction surface; on both sides of the cathode plate, the cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the bridge slot are arranged in sequence; The cathode gas enters the cathode plate through the cathode common hole on one side, reacts in the cathode reaction zone, and then flows out through the cathode common hole on the other side.

7. The single cell according to claim 6, wherein: The cathode plate further has a cathode slot, and the cathode slot is arranged on the back side of the cathode phase; The cathode slot extends from the cathode common hole, and the extended end of the cathode slot has a through hole that penetrates the cathode plate, so that the cathode gas enters from the cathode common hole on one side, enters the cathode reaction area of the cathode plate through the through hole of the cathode slot on one side, and then flows from the through hole of the cathode slot on the other side to the cathode common hole on the other side.

8. The single cell according to claim 7, wherein: On the cathode reaction surface, a cathode distribution area is provided between the through hole and the cathode reaction area on at least one side, so that the cathode gas enters the various flow channels of the cathode reaction area from the cathode distribution area on one side, or flows out from the cathode distribution area on the other side.

9. The single cell according to claim 8, wherein: The flow channel of the cathode reaction zone extends from one side of the cathode plate to the other side; And / or, the cathode distribution area has a plurality of second protrusions, and the second protrusions are arranged sequentially from the via hole to the cathode reaction area.

10. The single cell according to claim 1, wherein The cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the reaction hole located on both sides of the anode plate are centrally symmetrical. The cathode common hole, the anode common hole and the bridge slot located on both sides of the cathode plate are centrally symmetrical; And / or, the anode plate has an anode back surface opposite to the anode reaction surface, and the anode back surface is a plane.

11. The single cell according to claim 1 or 10, wherein: The back side of the cathode phase has a heat dissipation area, and the heat dissipation area is located in the middle of the back side of the cathode phase.

12. The single cell according to claim 11, wherein: An extending direction of the flow channel of the heat dissipation zone and an extending direction of the flow channel of the cathode reaction zone form an included angle.

13. The single cell according to claim 1, wherein: The anode reaction surface has a first sealing structure, and the cathode reaction surface has a second sealing structure, the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure are arranged correspondingly, and divide the reaction space of the single cell into a first sealing area, a second sealing area, and a third sealing area spaced apart from each other; The anode common hole is located in the first sealing area, the cathode common hole is located in the second sealing area, and the reaction hole, the anode reaction area, the anode groove and anode distribution area between the reaction hole and the anode reaction area, the cathode reaction area, the through hole of the cathode plate, and the cathode distribution area between the through hole and the cathode reaction area are all located in the third sealing area.

14. The single cell according to claim 13, wherein: The cell further includes a first membrane electrode, which is disposed between the anode plate and the cathode plate, and two surfaces of the first membrane electrode are respectively in contact with the anode reaction surface and the cathode reaction surface; A first hole and a second hole are provided on both sides of the first membrane electrode, and the first hole and the second hole correspond to the anode common hole and the cathode common hole respectively.

15. The single cell according to claim 1, wherein The cathode reaction surface has a third sealing structure and a fourth sealing structure, and divides the reaction space of the single cell into a fourth sealing area, a fifth sealing area, a sixth sealing area, and a seventh sealing area; wherein the projection of the seventh sealing area on the cathode reaction surface falls within the projection of the sixth sealing area on the cathode reaction surface, and the fourth sealing area, the fifth sealing area, and the sixth sealing area are spaced apart from each other; The anode common hole is located in the fourth sealing area; the cathode common hole is located in the fifth sealing area; the reaction hole, the anode reaction area, the anode groove and the anode distribution area between the reaction hole and the anode reaction area are all located in the sixth sealing area; the cathode reaction area, the through hole of the cathode plate, and the cathode distribution area between the through hole and the cathode reaction area are all located in the seventh sealing area.

16. The single cell according to claim 15, wherein: The single cell further includes a second membrane electrode, which is disposed between the anode plate and the cathode plate. The contour of the second membrane electrode corresponds to the fourth sealing structure and covers the seventh sealing area.

17. The single cell according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that: A fifth sealing structure is provided on both sides of the back side of the cathode phase, and each side of the back side of the cathode phase is divided into an eighth sealing area and a ninth sealing area spaced apart from each other. The anode common hole and the bridge slot are located in the eighth sealing area, and the cathode common hole, the cathode slot of the cathode plate and the through hole of the cathode plate are all located in the ninth sealing area.

18. An anode plate, characterized in that: The anode plate has an anode reaction surface, and the anode reaction surface is used to be arranged opposite to the cathode reaction surface on the cathode plate; The anode plate is penetrated by an anode common hole and a cathode common hole, the cathode common hole is used to communicate with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface; the anode reaction surface has an anode reaction area and a reaction hole communicating with the anode reaction area; The anode reaction zone is a region on the anode reaction surface where the anode gas flows and reacts.

19. A cathode plate, characterized in that: The cathode plate has a cathode reaction surface and a cathode back surface opposite to the cathode reaction surface, and the cathode reaction surface is used to be arranged opposite to the anode reaction surface on the anode plate; The cathode plate is penetrated by an anode common hole and a cathode common hole, and the cathode common hole is used to communicate with the cathode reaction area on the cathode reaction surface; The back of the cathode phase has a bridge groove, which is connected to the anode common hole on the cathode plate and is opposite to the position of the reaction hole on the anode plate; The cathode reaction zone is the area on the cathode reaction surface where the cathode gas flows and reacts. The bridge slot connects two adjacent cells and is used to guide the anode gas in the anode common hole of the cathode plate of the previous cell to the reaction hole on the anode plate of the next cell, so as to further flow the anode gas into the anode reaction area.

20. A fuel cell stack, characterized in that: The battery stack includes the single cell according to any one of claims 1 to 17, or includes the anode plate according to claim 18, or includes the cathode plate according to claim 19.

21. The fuel cell stack according to claim 20, wherein: The battery stack includes a plurality of single cells, which are stacked in sequence; the bridge slot of one of the two adjacent single cells is connected to the reaction hole of the other single cell, so that the anode gas passes through the anode common hole of one of the single cells through the bridge slot, enters the reaction hole of the other single cell, and then enters the anode reaction area of the other single cell.

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