A retractable water quality monitor

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of water quality monitoring, and specifically relates to a retractable water quality monitor. The present invention discloses a retractable water quality monitor. It comprises: a control chamber, two buoys arranged in parallel, a sensor, an electric hoist, a solar panel, a frame, a weight block, and a nylon rope. The upper ends of the two buoys arranged in parallel are provided with a frame, the middle part of the frame is provided with a control chamber, the top cover of the control chamber is provided with a solar panel, a signal processing component is provided in the control chamber, and the signal processing component is respectively connected to the sensor, the electric hoist and the solar panel through a communication cable. A nylon rope is wound around the electric hoist, one end of the nylon rope is connected to the electric hoist, and the other end is connected to the sensor, and the other electric hoist is connected to a weight block. It can realize continuous monitoring and remote monitoring of water quality, can be arranged at any position in the water area, and has horizontal versatility. At the same time, the equipment has telescopic ability and has vertical versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of water quality monitoring, and in particular relates to a retractable water quality monitor. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country's water quality monitoring technology is mainly based on physical and chemical monitoring technology, including chemical method, electrochemical method, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, ion selective electrode method, ion chromatography, gas chromatography, plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) method, etc. Among them, ion selective electrode method (qualitative, quantitative) and chemical method (gravimetric method, volumetric titration method and spectrophotometry) are still widely used in routine water quality monitoring at home and abroad. The monitoring of chemical indicators is the focus of surface water monitoring. With the country's attention to the monitoring of toxic organic pollution, certain progress has been made in the development and research of instruments. Some monitoring stations have introduced large and medium-sized laboratory monitors, which can monitor Zn, Fe, Pb, Cd, Hg, Mn and other heavy metals and halogen elements, ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, cyanide, phenols, anionic detergents and Se and other substances on site.

[0003] Stratified water, also known as water layer temperature difference, water temperature stratification, or thermocline, refers to the temperature difference of each layer of water from top to bottom (mainly the surface and bottom layers). The water stratification here refers to the temperature stratification in the water. Water stratification is inevitable, especially in lakes, rivers, reservoirs and deep water bodies. The temperatures of the surface, bottom and other layers of the water body are different. Sudden changes in climate or the arrival of cold waves or snow or wind and rain or ice may reverse the temperature difference of the water layer - the temperature of the bottom layer is higher than that of the surface layer. In this case, as the high-temperature water at the bottom rises, it is easy to cause the bottom sediment to float up.

[0004] At present, the environment in high-altitude areas such as Tibet is complex, and it is difficult and costly to obtain water for artificial water quality monitoring. There is a great demand for the application of remote water quality monitoring instruments. At the same time, domestic and foreign water quality detection equipment has no vertical applicability, and it is impossible to realize vertical water body monitoring with a single sensor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a retractable water quality monitor in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, comprising: a control cabin, two buoys arranged in parallel, a sensor assembly, a first electric hoist, a solar panel, a frame, a load-bearing assembly, and a second electric hoist.

[0006] The frame is mounted on two buoys arranged in parallel, the control cabin is arranged in the middle of the frame, the solar panel is arranged on the top cover of the control cabin, a signal processing component is arranged in the control cabin, the signal processing component is respectively connected to the sensor component, the first electric hoist, the second electric hoist and the solar panel through communication cables, the first electric hoist and the second electric hoist are respectively wound with nylon ropes, one end of the nylon rope on the first electric hoist is connected to the first electric hoist, and the load-bearing component is connected to the other end of the nylon rope on the first electric hoist;

[0007] One end of the nylon rope on the second electric hoist is connected to the second electric hoist, and the other end is connected to the sensor assembly. The outside of the nylon rope connected to the sensor assembly is provided with a shell, and the shell is a tubular nested segmented structure, and the top of the shell is fixedly connected to the frame.

[0008] Preferably, the signal processing component includes: a data transmission terminal DTU, a control system, and a power supply system;

[0009] The data transmission terminal DTU is connected to the sensor assembly, the control system is connected to the first electric hoist and the second electric hoist, and the power supply system is connected to the solar panel.

[0010] Preferably, the power supply system also includes a battery, and the signal processing component also includes a positioning system GPS.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor assembly includes: a turbidity meter, a filter photometer, a conductivity meter, a water quality sensor, a chlorophyll a sensor, a flow rate sensor, and a nitrate sensor. The bottom of the sensor assembly is equipped with a distance sensor and a depth sensor; the nitrate sensor uses an RS485 communication interface, and the others use an RS232 communication interface;

[0012] The sensor assembly is provided with a protective shell on the outside and a cleaning brush for cleaning the sensor on the inside;

[0013] A gear shifting mechanism is also provided at the bottom of the sensor assembly, and the gear shifting mechanism is controlled by a control system.

[0014] Preferably, the load-bearing assembly is composed of a plurality of load-bearing blocks connected in series, and each load-bearing block is connected to the next load-bearing block by a flexible rope.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for monitoring water quality using a retractable water quality monitor, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1 determines the water area to be measured, and obtains several depth ranges that need to be measured and the time required for testing each depth;

[0017] S2 sets the signal processing components according to the depth range measured in S1 and the time required for testing at each depth;

[0018] S3: placing the retractable water quality monitor with the signal processing component set to the water area to be measured, and setting the signal processing component so that the bottom several weight blocks are placed to the bottom of the water, and several weight blocks are suspended in the water;

[0019] S4 retractable water quality monitor adjusts the sensor to different depths under water according to the information set in S1;

[0020] S5 receives sensor data and positioning system GPS data

[0021] Preferably, the first electric hoist is configured to periodically rotate forward and reversely, so that the sensor periodically moves up and down within a certain depth range under the water surface to collect time series data;

[0022] When the water level drops and the distance sensor detects that it has touched the bottom, the signal processing component controls the second electric hoist to rotate, adjusts a number of weight blocks to touch the bottom, reduces the weight of the entire device, and reduces the volume of the buoy immersed in water. When the weights all touch the bottom, if the distance sensor still touches the bottom, the sensor retraction and extension movement is suspended, waiting for the water level to rise again;

[0023] When the sensor assembly is lowered, the gear mechanism at the bottom of the sensor assembly is activated to improve the uniformity of the water sample and reduce the impact of debris such as aquatic plants on the sensor assembly.

[0024] Beneficial effects and working principles of the present invention:

[0025] 1. The present invention can realize continuous and remote monitoring of water quality, and understand and grasp the water quality status of the water area.

[0026] 2. The present invention can realize multi-parameter testing such as pH, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, etc.

[0027] 3. The invention can be deployed at any position in the water area and is versatile in horizontal planes. At the same time, the equipment has the ability to be retracted and deployed, making it versatile in vertical planes.

[0028] 4. The present invention is designed to be small in size and light in weight, thus saving manufacturing costs.

[0029] After selecting the water area, power on the equipment and put it into operation. After the sensor enters the water, water quality monitoring can be carried out. The serial port signal is converted into a wireless signal for transmission through the DTU. The host computer remotely receives and records the signal. The electric hoist setting allows the sensor to indirectly change its position to monitor the water quality of stratified water areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the specific implementation or the prior art description. Some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in an exemplary but not restrictive manner with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings indicate the same or similar components or parts. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is the front view of the retractable water quality monitor.

[0032] Figure 2 This is the top view of the retractable water quality monitor.

[0033] Figure 3 This is the right view of the retractable water quality monitor.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a retractable water quality monitor.

[0035] Figure 1 Among them, (1) is a control cabin, (2) is a buoy, (3) is a sensor, (4) is a first electric hoist, (7) is a load-bearing component, (8) is a second electric hoist, and (9) is a housing.

[0036] Figure 2 In the middle, (5) is the solar panel and (6) is the frame.

[0037] Figure 3 (11) is the gear shifting mechanism, and (10) is the load-bearing block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0039] The control cabin 1 is bolted to the buoy 2, the buoy 2 is bolted to the frame 6, the control cabin 1 is bolted to the frame 6, the electric hoist is bolted to the frame 6, the solar panel 5 is bolted to the frame 6, the top is charged with electricity through the solar panel, the control cabin is equipped with lithium batteries, DTU, GPS and other control equipment, and the sensor assembly is driven up and down at a fixed time through the electric hoist.

[0040] The control cabin is a waterproof cabin. The main cabin mainly contains the control system, data transmission terminal DTU, positioning system GPS, and the power system and battery cabin contain the power source, namely the lithium battery.

[0041] The rack is used to connect equipment and increase stability. It is designed with 6063 aluminum alloy, which is low-priced, versatile and reliable.

[0042] Connector design: The structural connection is mainly designed as angle pieces and bolts. The sensor connection line uses a watertight connector to complete the connection, male socket female cable. The power line uses a male cable and a female cable to realize the switch function, which is simple and light.

[0043] The variable buoy adjusts the center of buoyancy and center of mass by changing the volume and mass of some areas of the retractable water quality monitor, thereby adjusting the center of gravity of the buoyancy of the monitor and ultimately changing the stability of the entire machine. The buoy is set as a double long buoy for good stability. The restoring moment of the machine after tilting is related to the moment of inertia of the waterline surface. In simple terms, the restoring moment of a single buoy is small and it is easy to shake left and right. However, the catamaran buoy is divided into two left and right parts, and the restoring moment when impacted is several times that of a single buoy. A lock is installed on the side of the buoy, and the device is fixed with a rope on the shore to stabilize the position.

[0044] Solar panels are used to supplement electricity, allowing the entire machine to operate stably for a long time.

[0045] The front part of the machine is equipped with an electric hoist, which is a combination of an electric motor and a winch, and is equipped with a nylon rope to connect the sensor. Nylon rope is light and reliable, will not be corroded in water, and is of better quality than steel wire rope. The timing time is set by double relays to control the operation of the motor to rotate the winch, realizing the remote underwater layer detection of the sensor without manual operation, which is convenient in remote areas.

[0046] The rope diameter D is 1 cm, the material is nylon rope, the density is 1150 kg / m3, the density of water is 1 000 kg / m3, the dynamic viscosity coefficient of water at room temperature is about 10-6 kPa·s, the Reynolds number is the smallest at the minimum flow rate Re=ρ·V·D / u=1000×0.25×0.01 / 10-6=2.5×106, the normal drag coefficient Cn is 0.35; the length is 3m, the nylon rope is divided into 30 sections, the deviation and horizontal inclination of each section are calculated respectively, the position offset of each section is calculated, and the corresponding Δxi and Δyi are calculated. The X and Y coordinates should be calculated from the first section to the last section, and the Δxi is added in sequence to obtain the X coordinate of the i-th section. The Y coordinate value should be the length of each section minus the corresponding Δyi and then added to the Y coordinate value of the previous section of the rope to calculate the position and posture of the entire rope. By importing the coordinate values ​​of each microelement of the nylon rope at different flow rates into the ORIGIN software, the position of the rope can be drawn. Through simulation observation, it is determined that the sensor position deviation is low under low flow rates, and the device positioning has high accuracy, while the sensor position deviation is large under high flow rates. The anti-entanglement shell is used to reduce the impact of water flow.

[0047] Sensor integration: Commonly used physical indicator monitoring instruments include turbidity meters for measuring water turbidity, filter photometers for measuring colorimetry, conductivity meters for measuring conductivity, water quality meter sensors, chlorophyll a sensors, flow rate sensors, nitrate sensors, and distance sensors and depth sensors at the bottom. Except for the RS485 communication interface used by the nitric acid meter, the rest use RS232. The outside is equipped with a protective shell.

[0048] An electric brush is set to clean the sensor head. Since the sensing end of the underwater sensor is immersed in water for a long time, it is easy to get dirty and affect the detection result. Manual cleaning is very inconvenient and the cleaning cost is high.

[0049] The tooth-picking mechanism is located below the sensor, and the motor drives the teeth to rotate at a constant speed. Since the dissolved oxygen content near the aquatic plants is high and the nitrate content is low, the teeth are used to push away the aquatic plants and other debris below to prevent the sensor from being entangled and affecting the monitoring capability.

[0050] The load-bearing adjustment mechanism is a multi-section load-bearing structure, with a balance mechanism center of mass. It is monitored by the distance sensor at the bottom of the sensor. Because rivers and lakes have dry seasons and flood seasons, when the dry season comes, the sensor may touch the bottom. When the distance sensor detects the bottom, the load-bearing adjuster touches the bottom with the weight, reducing the weight of the entire device and raising the height of the device. Each section can raise the device by about 20cm. When the weight is fully touched, if the distance sensor still touches the bottom, the sensor retraction and extension movement is suspended, waiting for the water level to rise again. The load-bearing adjustment mechanism also has the function of a stabilizing mechanism, serving as an anchor point for water fixation.

[0051] The anti-winding shell is a nested segmented shell with telescopic ability. It is usually shortened and inserted into the nylon rope, and the top is fixed to the frame. When the sensor descends, the nylon rope stretches, and the inner shell of the anti-winding shell is affected by gravity. After the first shell length falls freely, the second shell is stuck by the bottom of the first shell and stops falling, and the rest of the shell continues to fall freely, so that the cable remains vertical and does not get entangled with other objects and cables, while reducing the impact of water flow.

Claims

1. A retractable water quality monitor, characterized in that: include: A control cabin (1), two buoys (2) arranged in parallel, a sensor assembly (3), a first electric hoist (4), a solar panel (5), a frame (6), a load-bearing assembly (7), and a second electric hoist (8). The frame (6) is mounted on two buoys (2) arranged in parallel, the control chamber (1) is arranged in the middle of the frame (6), the solar panel (5) is arranged on the top cover of the control chamber (1), a signal processing component is arranged in the control chamber (1), and the signal processing component is respectively connected to the sensor component (3), the first electric hoist (4), the second electric hoist (8) and the solar panel (5) through communication cables, the first electric hoist (4) and the second electric hoist (8) are respectively wound with nylon ropes, one end of the nylon rope on the first electric hoist (4) is connected to the first electric hoist (4), and the load-bearing component (7) is connected to the other end of the nylon rope on the first electric hoist (4); One end of the nylon rope on the second electric hoist (8) is connected to the second electric hoist (8), and the other end is connected to the sensor assembly (3); an anti-winding shell (9) is provided outside the nylon rope connected to the sensor assembly (3); the anti-winding shell (9) is a tubular nested segmented structure, and the top end of the shell (9) is fixedly connected to the frame (6); The load-bearing assembly (7) is composed of a plurality of load-bearing blocks connected in series, each load-bearing block being connected to the next load-bearing block via a flexible rope; the plurality of load-bearing blocks at the bottom are placed on the bottom of the water, and a plurality of load-bearing blocks are suspended in the water.

2. A retractable water quality monitor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing components include: data transmission terminal DTU, control system, power supply system; The data transmission terminal DTU is connected to the sensor assembly (3), the control system is connected to the first electric hoist (4) and the second electric hoist (8), and the power supply system is connected to the solar panel (5).

3. A retractable water quality monitor as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply system also includes a battery, and the signal processing component also includes a positioning system GPS.

4. A retractable water quality monitor as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The sensor assembly (3) comprises: a turbidity meter, a filter photometer, a conductivity meter, a water quality sensor, a chlorophyll a sensor, a flow rate sensor, and a nitrate sensor. The bottom of the sensor assembly (3) is provided with a distance sensor and a depth sensor; the nitrate sensor uses an RS485 communication interface, and the others use an RS232 communication interface; The sensor assembly (3) is provided with a protective shell on the outside and a cleaning brush for cleaning the sensor is provided inside; A gear shifting mechanism (11) is also provided at the bottom of the sensor assembly (3), and the gear shifting mechanism (11) is controlled by a control system.

5. A method for monitoring water quality using the retractable water quality monitor as claimed in claim 4, It is characterized in that The first electric hoist is configured to periodically rotate forward and reversely, so that the sensor periodically moves up and down within a certain depth range under the water surface to collect time series data; When the water level drops and the distance sensor detects that it has touched the bottom, the signal processing component controls the second electric hoist to rotate, adjusts a number of weight blocks to touch the bottom, reduces the weight of the entire device, and reduces the volume of the buoy immersed in water. When the weights all touch the bottom, if the distance sensor still touches the bottom, the sensor retraction and extension movement is suspended, waiting for the water level to rise again; When the sensor assembly is lowered, the gear mechanism at the bottom of the sensor assembly is activated to improve the uniformity of the water sample and reduce the impact of debris such as aquatic plants on the sensor assembly.

6. A method for monitoring water quality using a retractable water quality monitor as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 determines the water area to be measured, and obtains several depth ranges that need to be measured and the time required for testing each depth; S2 sets the signal processing components according to the depth range measured in S1 and the time required for testing at each depth; S3: placing the retractable water quality monitor with the signal processing component set to the water area to be measured, and setting the signal processing component so that the bottom several weight blocks are placed to the bottom of the water, and several weight blocks are suspended in the water; S4 retractable water quality monitor adjusts the sensor to different depths under water according to the information set in S1; After the nested segmented shell is shortened, the nylon rope is inserted into it and the top is fixed to the frame. When the sensor descends, the nylon rope stretches, and the inner shell of the anti-winding shell is affected by gravity. After the first shell length falls freely, the second shell is stuck by the bottom of the first shell and stops falling, while the remaining shells continue to fall freely, so that the cable remains vertical; S5 receives sensor data and positioning system GPS data.

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