Automatic locking stepless locking device and locking method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic locking stepless locking device and a locking method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of stepless locking, and solves the problems of easy loosening and low automation of existing stepless locking devices. The present invention comprises: a ratchet rod, a threaded rod, a pawl, a spring and a pawl mounting assembly; the ratchet rod is slidably mounted on the threaded rod; a plurality of parallel pawl grooves are provided on the ratchet rod; the pawl can be inserted into the pawl groove of the ratchet rod; the pawl is connected to the threaded rod through the pawl mounting assembly, and the pawl can synchronize the displacement of the threaded rod; when the ratchet rod and the threaded rod slide relative to each other, the pawl can switch different pawl grooves for engagement; when the spring is extended and retracted, the pawl can be inserted into the pawl groove or slide out of the pawl groove. The present invention realizes automatic stepless locking and can maintain a stable and reliable locked state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of clamping equipment, and in particular to an automatic locking stepless locking device and a locking method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the technical field of parts clamping, after a clamping mechanism has clamped a workpiece, the clamping mechanism needs to be locked to maintain the stability of the clamping state of the workpiece.

[0003] However, the existing stepless locking device has a low degree of automation and a poor locking effect. During the processing, the parts are prone to shaking, resulting in the processing quality failing to meet the requirements.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a stepless device to lock the clamping state of the clamping mechanism, thereby ensuring the posture stability of the clamping mechanism and improving the degree of automation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide an automatic locking stepless locking device and a locking method thereof, so as to solve the problems of easy loosening and low automation of the existing stepless locking device.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A stepless locking device with automatic locking, characterized in that it comprises: a ratchet rod, a threaded rod, a pawl, a spring and a pawl mounting assembly; the ratchet rod is slidably mounted on the threaded rod; the ratchet rod is provided with a plurality of parallel pawl grooves; the pawl can be inserted into the pawl groove of the ratchet rod; the pawl is connected to the threaded rod through the pawl mounting assembly, and the pawl can synchronize the displacement of the threaded rod; when the ratchet rod and the threaded rod slide relative to each other, the pawl can switch to different pawl grooves for engagement; when the spring is extended and retracted, the pawl can be inserted into the pawl groove or slide out of the pawl groove.

[0008] Further, the pawl mounting assembly comprises: a threaded sleeve, a first end cover, a second end cover, a support plate, a push rod and a swing rod;

[0009] The threaded sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod and is screwed to the threaded rod through threads; the first end cap and the second end cap are fixedly installed at both ends of the threaded sleeve respectively; the support plate is arranged inside the threaded sleeve and located between the first end cap and the second end cap; the support plate is slidably matched with the threaded rod;

[0010] The pawl is slidably installed in the pawl hole of the support plate; the push rod is slidably matched with the pawl; the spring is installed between the pawl and the push rod; the spring can push the pawl to slide in the pawl hole, and can push the push rod to move along the axial direction of the pawl hole;

[0011] The push rod is hingedly mounted on one side of the swing rod, and the other side is rotatably mounted between the first end cover and the second end cover through the rotating shafts at both ends; when the push rod is displaced relative to the support plate, the threaded sleeve can be pushed by the swing rod to rotate relative to the threaded rod;

[0012] When the threaded sleeve rotates relative to the threaded rod, the threaded sleeve can be displaced relative to the threaded rod along the axial direction of the threaded rod.

[0013] The support plate is slidably mounted on both sides of the threaded rod, and both ends of the support plate are in contact with the first end cover and the second end cover respectively;

[0014] When the threaded sleeve is displaced relative to the threaded rod, the first end cover and the second end cover can be driven to displace relative to the threaded rod at the same time; the first end cover and the second end cover can push the support plate and the pawl installed on the support plate to displace along the axial direction of the threaded rod; when the pawl is displaced, the degree of engagement between itself and the pawl groove can be adjusted.

[0015] Furthermore, the stepless locking device also includes: a first pull rod and a second pull rod; the first pull rod is fixedly connected to the ratchet rod; the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the second pull rod; the stepless locking device is used to lock the moving mechanism; the first pull rod is used to connect the first moving part of the moving mechanism, and the second pull rod is used to connect the second moving part of the moving mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, a cylindrical pin is arranged between the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve; the cylindrical pin is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the threaded rod; the cylindrical pin can be inserted into the pin holes of the threaded sleeve and the threaded rod at the same time, thereby limiting the threaded sleeve and the threaded rod.

[0017] Furthermore, two symmetrical trapezoidal guide rails are arranged above the threaded rod; a trapezoidal guide groove is arranged below the support plate; and the support plate is slidably mounted on the trapezoidal guide rails of the threaded rod through the trapezoidal guide groove.

[0018] Furthermore, triangular guide rails are provided on the left and right sides of the ratchet rod; a triangular guide groove is provided on the inner side of the threaded rod; and the ratchet rod is slidably installed in the triangular guide groove of the threaded rod through the triangular guide rails.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the pawl is provided with a cylindrical groove along its own axial direction; the push rod is provided with a plurality of cylindrical bosses; the cylindrical bosses are slidably installed in the cylindrical grooves; the spring is installed in the cylindrical grooves and is arranged between the cylindrical bosses and the pawl.

[0020] Furthermore, ratchet grooves are provided on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod; and the ratchet, the push rod, the swing rod and the support plate are symmetrically arranged in two groups on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod.

[0021] Furthermore, a rotating shaft is provided at both ends of the swing rod, and two cylindrical through holes are provided on the first end cover and the second end cover; the two swing rods are rotatably installed in the cylindrical through holes of the first end cover and the second end cover through the rotating shaft.

[0022] A locking method of an automatic locking stepless locking device comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step S1: connecting the first pull rod and the second pull rod to the first moving part and the second moving part of the clamping mechanism respectively;

[0024] Step S2: when the moving part and the second moving part are relatively displaced, the first pull rod and the second pull rod drive the ratchet rod and the threaded rod to relatively displace; the threaded rod drives the ratchet to displace along the axis direction of the ratchet rod through the ratchet mounting assembly, and the ratchet switches to different ratchet grooves for engagement; when the first moving part and the second moving part stop relatively displacing, the ratchet rod and the threaded rod are relatively stationary;

[0025] Step S3: Remove the cylindrical pin, and then drive the pawl mounting assembly to move relative to the threaded rod through the spring force, drive the pawl to move relative to the threaded rod and the ratchet rod, and adjust the position of the pawl to make it fully engaged with the pawl groove.

[0026] Specifically, in step S3, the pawl mounting assembly adjusts the position of the pawl in the following manner:

[0027] Step S31: The elastic force of the spring pushes the push rod to move along the axis direction of the pawl, thereby pushing the swing rod to deflect. When the swing rod deflects, the first end cover and the second end cover are driven to rotate, and the threaded sleeve rotates synchronously with the first end cover and the second end cover;

[0028] Step S32: the threaded sleeve is displaced relative to the axial direction of the threaded rod when rotating, thereby driving the first end cover, the second end cover and the support plate to displace relative to the threaded rod;

[0029] Step S33: When the support plate is displaced relative to the threaded rod, the pawl in the pawl hole can be driven to displace synchronously; the pawl is displaced relative to the ratchet rod to adjust itself to be completely aligned with the pawl slot, and then fully engages with the pawl slot under the elastic force of the spring.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention can achieve at least one of the following effects:

[0031] 1. The automatic locking stepless locking device of the present invention utilizes the cooperation of a movable pawl and a ratchet rod to overcome the defect that the traditional locking mechanism can only lock at a fixed position, thereby achieving stepless locking.

[0032] 2. The automatic locking stepless locking device of the present invention can be applied to the field of mechanical processing. After the clamping mechanism is locked by the stepless locking device of the present invention, it can ensure that the parts do not move during the processing, which is beneficial to improving the processing accuracy of the parts.

[0033] 3. The automatic locking stepless locking device of the present invention can fine-tune the position of the claw through the claw installation assembly composed of a spring, a push rod, a rocker rod, a support plate and a threaded sleeve after the movement of the clamping mechanism is completed, thereby ensuring the reliability of locking and having a high degree of automation.

[0034] 4. The automatic locking stepless locking device of the present invention symmetrically arranges a pawl, a spring, a support plate, a pawl, a push rod, and a rocker arm on both sides of the ratchet rod and the threaded rod. When adjusting the degree of engagement between the pawl and the pawl groove, the two sets of springs and the rocker arm can jointly provide a torque to drive the threaded sleeve to rotate, thereby achieving rapid and reliable fine-tuning of the pawl position, achieving reliable locking after the clamping mechanism completes the movement, avoiding slight shaking of the clamping mechanism, and ensuring processing accuracy.

[0035] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4Schematic diagram B of the internal structure of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram C of the internal structure of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a ratchet rod assembly of a stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the H portion of the spinous rod assembly;

[0044] Figure 8 is an exploded view of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the threaded rod of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a support plate of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ratchet rod of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the pawl and the spring of the stepless locking device of the present invention.

[0049] Reference numerals:

[0050] 1-threaded sleeve; 2-first end cover; 3-second end cover; 4-cylindrical pin; 5-support plate; 6-ratchet rod; 7-threaded rod; 8-ratchet; 9-top rod; 10-rocker rod; 11-spring; 12-trapezoidal guide rail; 13-triangular guide groove; 14-ratchet groove; 15-triangular guide rail; 16-cylindrical groove; 17-cylindrical boss; 18-trapezoidal guide groove; 19-ratchet hole; 20-cylindrical through hole; 21-rotating shaft; 22-first pull rod; 23-second pull rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, an automatic locking stepless locking device is disclosed, such as Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, the stepless locking device includes: a ratchet rod 6, a threaded rod 7, a pawl 8, a spring 11 and a pawl mounting assembly.

[0054] Specifically, the ratchet rod 6 is slidably installed inside the threaded rod 7; a plurality of parallel ratchet grooves 14 are provided on the ratchet rod 6; the ratchet 8 can be inserted into the ratchet groove 14 of the ratchet rod 6; when the ratchet rod 6 and the threaded rod 7 slide relative to each other, the ratchet 8 can switch different ratchet grooves 14 for engagement; through the expansion and contraction of the spring 11, the ratchet 8 can be inserted into the ratchet groove 14 or slide out of the ratchet groove 14; the ratchet 8 is connected to the threaded rod 7 through a ratchet mounting assembly; when the ratchet 8 slides relative to the ratchet rod 6, it can only slide in one direction and cannot slide in the opposite direction, and stepless locking is achieved through the cooperation of the movable ratchet 8 and the ratchet rod 6.

[0055] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the pawl mounting assembly includes: a threaded sleeve 1, a first end cover 2, a second end cover 3, a support plate 5, a push rod 9 and a rocker rod 10.

[0056] Furthermore, if Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, both upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 6 are provided with ratchet grooves 14 arranged in an array; the ratchet 8, spring 11, push rod 9, swing rod 10 and support plate 5 are symmetrically arranged in two groups on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 6, and the ratchet 8 cooperates with the ratchet groove 14. The push rod 9 is symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 6, and the push rod 9 is provided with cylindrical bosses 17 arranged in an array, the spring 11 is located between the cylindrical groove 16 and the cylindrical boss 17, and the swing rod 10 is centrally symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 6, and is rotatably mounted on the second end cover 3 and is hinged to the push rod 9.

[0057] Specifically, the threaded rod 7 is sleeved inside the threaded sleeve 1 and is screwed to the threaded sleeve 1 through threads; Figure 3 , Fig. 9 As shown, the outer side of the threaded rod 7 is provided with an external thread; correspondingly, the inner wall of the threaded sleeve 1 is provided with an internal thread; the threaded rod 7 and the threaded sleeve 1 are screwed together through the external thread and the internal thread, and when the two rotate relative to each other, relative movement along the axial direction can occur.

[0058] Specifically, the support plate 5 is provided with a plurality of ratchet holes 19 arranged in a row; the ratchet 8 is slidably installed in the ratchet hole 19 of the support plate 5; Figure 6 , Fig.10 shown.

[0059] In the present invention, multiple pawls 8 are installed in multiple pawl holes 19 to achieve the engagement of multiple pawls 8 with the ratchet rod 6. At the same time, multiple cylindrical bosses 17 are arranged on the top rod 9 to slide with the pawls 8. Through this multiple superimposed redundant locking, the stability of the stepless locking device after locking is ensured.

[0060] Specifically, Figure 7 , Fig.12 As shown, the spring 11 is installed between the pawl 8 and the push rod 9; the spring 11 can push the pawl 8 to slide in the pawl hole 19, and can push the push rod 9 to move along the axial direction of the pawl hole 19.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, a first end cover 2 and a second end cover 3 are fixedly mounted on both ends of the threaded sleeve 1 .

[0062] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, one side of the swing rod 10 is hingedly mounted on the top rod 9, and the other side is rotatably mounted between the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3. Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a rotating shaft 21 is provided at both ends of the swing rod 10, and two cylindrical through holes 20 are provided on the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3; the two swing rods 10 are rotatably installed in the cylindrical through holes 20 of the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 through the rotating shaft 21. Specifically, the swing rod 10 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure; the angle between the swing rod 10 and the support plate 5 is an acute angle.

[0063] Specifically, Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the support plate 5 is slidably installed above the threaded rod 7, and the two ends of the support plate 5 are in contact with the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 respectively; the two ends of the support plate 5 are abutted against the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3, and then the support plate 5 can be pushed to slide along the axial direction of the threaded rod 7 through the displacement of the end covers.

[0064] During implementation, after the cylindrical pin 4 is removed, when the push rod 9 is displaced relative to the support plate 5, the threaded sleeve 1 can be pushed to rotate relative to the threaded rod 7 through the rocker rod 10; when the threaded sleeve 1 rotates relative to the threaded rod 7, the threaded sleeve 1 can be displaced relative to the threaded rod 7 along the axial direction of the threaded rod 7; when the threaded sleeve 1 is displaced relative to the threaded rod 7, the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 can be driven to displace relative to the threaded rod 7 at the same time; the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 can push the support plate 5 and the pawl 8 installed on the support plate 5 to displace along the axial direction of the threaded rod 7; and then the degree of engagement between the pawl 8 and the pawl groove 14 is adjusted through the displacement of the pawl 8.

[0065] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the stepless locking device further includes: a first pull rod 22 and a second pull rod 23; the first pull rod 22 is fixedly connected to the ratchet rod 6; the threaded rod 7 is fixedly connected to the second pull rod 23. The first pull rod 22 and the second pull rod 23 are used to realize the connection between the stepless locking device and other components.

[0066] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, a cylindrical pin 4 is arranged between the threaded rod 7 and the threaded sleeve 1; the cylindrical pin 4 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the threaded rod 7; the cylindrical pin 4 can be inserted into the pin holes of the threaded sleeve 1 and the threaded rod 7 at the same time, thereby realizing the limiting of the threaded sleeve 1 and the threaded rod 7. The outer side of the threaded rod 7 is provided with threads and cylindrical pin holes, and the cylindrical pin 4 cooperates with the cylindrical pin holes of the threaded sleeve 1 and the cylindrical pin holes of the threaded rod 7. By inserting or pulling out the cylindrical pin 4, the threaded sleeve 1 and the threaded rod 7 can be locked and unlocked.

[0067] The present invention realizes locking and unlocking of the threaded rod 7 and the threaded sleeve 1 by setting a cylindrical pin 4, so that the pawl 8 maintains synchronous displacement with the threaded rod 7 during the synchronous movement stage of the stepless locking device and the clamping mechanism, and can follow the movement of the support plate 5 during the movement stop and locking degree adjustment stage, thereby realizing the stepless locking and locking tightening adjustment of the pawl 8 on the ratchet rod 6.

[0068] Furthermore, if Figure 2 , Fig. 9 As shown, two symmetrical trapezoidal guide rails 12 are arranged above the threaded rod 7 ; a trapezoidal guide groove 18 is arranged below the support plate 5 ; the support plate 5 is slidably mounted on the trapezoidal guide rails 12 of the threaded rod 7 through the trapezoidal guide groove 18 .

[0069] Furthermore, if Figure 4 , Fig. 9 , Fig.11 As shown, triangular guide rails 15 are provided on the left and right sides of the ratchet rod 6, and the threaded rod 7 is a symmetrical structure; a triangular guide groove 13 is provided on the inner side of the threaded rod 7; the ratchet rod 6 cooperates with the triangular guide groove 13 of the threaded rod 7 through the triangular guide rails 15 provided on both sides thereof, so that the ratchet rod 6 can slide relative to the threaded rod 7.

[0070] Furthermore, if Figure 7 , Fig.12 As shown, the upper end surface of the pawl 8 is provided with a cylindrical groove 16 along its own axial direction; a plurality of cylindrical bosses 17 are provided on the push rod 9; the cylindrical bosses 17 are slidably installed in the cylindrical groove 16; the spring 11 is installed in the cylindrical groove 16 and is arranged between the cylindrical bosses 17 and the pawl 8.

[0071] The working principle of the automatic locking stepless locking device of the present invention is as follows:

[0072] The stepless locking device is connected between two moving components that move relatively. When the clamping mechanism completes clamping the workpiece, the stepless locking device of the present invention is used to lock the clamping mechanism.

[0073] When the clamping mechanism moves, the threaded rod 7 and the ratchet rod 6 of the stepless locking device slide relative to each other, the ratchet rod 6 and the ratchet 8 also move relative to each other, the ratchet 8 compresses the spring 11, and the ratchet 8 switches to fit into different ratchet grooves 14 and achieves reliable locking by fine-tuning the ratchet position itself.

[0074] When the stepless locking device is working, when the clamping mechanism is stationary, the threaded rod 7 and the ratchet rod 6 are relatively stationary, but the ratchet 8 that cooperates with the ratchet groove 14 on the ratchet rod 6 may not completely reach the bottom of the ratchet groove 14, that is, the ratchet 8 is not completely aligned with the ratchet groove 14; at this time, the threaded rod 7 and the ratchet rod 6 can still move away from each other, so during the processing of the workpiece, the clamping mechanism is not completely locked, so it is necessary to fine-tune the engagement position of the ratchet 8.

[0075] In the present invention, the stepless locking device adjusts the locking position of the pawl 8 through the spring 11, does not require external power, and has an automatic adjustment effect.

[0076] It is worth noting that the application of the stepless locking device of the present invention does not limit the protection scope of the stepless locking device of the present invention. In addition to the clamping mechanism indicated in this embodiment, it can also be applied to the locking work of motion mechanisms in other fields according to actual needs.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a locking method of the stepless locking device in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0079] Step S1: Connect the first pull rod 22 and the second pull rod 23 to the first moving part and the second moving part of the clamping mechanism respectively;

[0080] Step S2: When the moving part and the second moving part are relatively displaced, the first pull rod 22 and the second pull rod 23 drive the ratchet rod 6 and the threaded rod 7 to relatively displace; the threaded rod 7 drives the ratchet 8 to displace along the axis direction of the ratchet rod 6 through the ratchet mounting assembly, and the ratchet 8 switches to different ratchet grooves 14 for engagement; when the first moving part and the second moving part stop relatively displacing, the ratchet rod 6 and the threaded rod 7 are relatively stationary;

[0081] Step S3: Remove the cylindrical pin 4, and then drive the pawl installation assembly to move relative to the threaded rod 7 through the elastic force of the spring 11, drive the pawl 8 to move relative to the threaded rod 7 and the ratchet rod 6, and adjust the position of the pawl 8 so that it is fully engaged with the pawl groove 14.

[0082] In the step S1, when the first moving component and the second moving component move relative to each other, the first pull rod 22 and the second pull rod 23 move relative to each other synchronously.

[0083] In step S2, the threaded rod 7 and the threaded sleeve 1 are restricted by the cylindrical pin 4 and cannot move relative to each other, and thus the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 are also relatively stationary with the threaded rod 7; when the ratchet rod 6 and the threaded rod 7 are relatively displaced, the pawl 8 slides between different pawl grooves 14; when the pawl 8 slides along the ratchet rod 6, the spring 11 is compressed; through the relative displacement of the ratchet rod 6 and the threaded rod 7, the stepless locking device is extended and retracted to adapt to the movement of the clamping mechanism.

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, in step S2, during the relative sliding stage between the ratchet rod 6 and the threaded rod 7, that is, when the cylindrical pin 4 is limited, since the push rod 9 can only move up and down relative to the support plate 5, the rocker arm 10 is restricted by the support plate 5 and cannot rotate relative to the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3; therefore, at this time, the rocker arm 10 and the end cover do not deflect relative to each other, the push rod 9 remains stationary, and the displacement of the ratchet 8 along the axial direction of the ratchet rod 6 is achieved by the compression of the spring 11.

[0085] In step S3, when the position of the pawl 8 is adjusted, the cylindrical pin 4 no longer limits the threaded rod 7 and the threaded sleeve 1, the swing rod 10 can swing, and the component of the lifting force of the push rod 9 on the swing rod 10 serves as the torque for the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 to rotate.

[0086] Specifically, in step S3, the pawl mounting assembly adjusts the position of the pawl 8 in the following manner:

[0087] Step S31: The elastic force of the spring 11 pushes the push rod 9 to move along the axial direction of the pawl 8, thereby pushing the swing rod 10 to deflect. When the swing rod 10 deflects, it drives the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 to rotate, and the threaded sleeve 1 rotates synchronously with the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3;

[0088] Step S32: the threaded sleeve 1 is displaced relative to the axial direction of the threaded rod 7 when rotating, thereby driving the first end cover 2, the second end cover 3 and the support plate 5 to displace relative to the threaded rod 7;

[0089] Step S33: When the support plate 5 is displaced relative to the threaded rod 7, the pawl 8 in the pawl hole 19 can be driven to displace synchronously; the pawl 8 is displaced relative to the ratchet rod 6 to adjust itself to be completely aligned with the pawl groove 14, and then fully engages with the pawl groove 14 under the elastic force of the spring 11.

[0090] In step S3, after the motion mechanism is completed, the cylindrical pin 4 is removed from the cylindrical pin hole of the threaded sleeve 1; the threaded sleeve 1 and the threaded rod 7 are unlocked, so that the threaded sleeve 1 can rotate relative to the threaded rod 7.

[0091] In the step S31, a spring 11 is arranged between the cylindrical groove 16 of the pawl 8 and the cylindrical boss 17 on the push rod 9. The elastic force of the spring 11 will push the push rod 9 away from the pawl 8, and the swing rod 10 hingedly connected to the push rod 9 starts to swing, while pushing the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 hingedly connected to it to rotate, and drive the threaded sleeve 1 fixedly connected to the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 to rotate relative to the threaded rod 7; during the rotation of the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3, the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 drive the threaded sleeve 1 to rotate relative to the threaded rod 7, and the threaded sleeve 1 moves along the axial direction of the threaded rod 7.

[0092] In step S32 , when the threaded sleeve 1 moves axially along the threaded rod 7 , the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 push the support plate 5 to slide along the trapezoidal guide rail 12 relative to the threaded rod 7 ; the support plate 5 moves along the trapezoidal guide rail 12 on the threaded rod 7 .

[0093] In step S33 , under the push of the support plate 5 , the pawls 8 arranged in an array also begin to move along the axial direction of the threaded rod 7 , and the pawls 8 are adjusted to be aligned with the pawl grooves 14 .

[0094] After the pawl 8 is aligned with the pawl groove 14, under the elastic force of the spring 11, the pawl 8 moves in the pawl hole 19 of the support plate 5 along the axial direction of the hole toward the bottom of the pawl groove 14 until the pawl 8 reaches the bottom of the pawl groove 14, the pawl 8 is fully engaged with the pawl groove 14, and the movement stops.

[0095] In step S33, when the pawl 8 is fully engaged with the pawl groove 14, the spring 11 no longer pushes the push rod 9 and the rocker arm 10 to move, the threaded sleeve 1 can no longer rotate, the support plate 5 can no longer move axially, the threaded rod 7 and the ratchet rod 6 cannot move away from each other, and the workpiece is completely clamped; when the workpiece is clamped, the threaded rod 7 and the ratchet rod 6 cannot move close to each other due to the obstruction of the workpiece, thereby ensuring the stability of the clamping state.

[0096] In the present invention, the locking method is carried out in two stages. The relative sliding of the ratchet rod 6 and the threaded rod 7 is positioned by the ratchet 8 to achieve stepless locking in the first stage. The position of the ratchet 8 is fine-tuned by rotating the rocker arm 10 and the threaded sleeve 1 to achieve reliable locking of the relatively stationary ratchet rod 6 and the threaded rod 7.

[0097] The stepless locking device of the present invention is applied to the clamping process of a workpiece by a machine tool in the field of mechanical processing. The clamping mechanism will not continue to move due to the structure of the workpiece. The locking device of the present invention can achieve reverse locking, thereby preventing the clamping mechanism from moving in the opposite direction away from the clamped part, thereby preventing loosening after clamping.

[0098] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this embodiment has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0099] 1. The stepless locking device designed in the present invention cleverly overcomes the disadvantage that the traditional ratchet locking mechanism can only stop and lock at a specific position, and realizes the stop and lock at any position, so that the long cylindrical parts can be completely clamped.

[0100] 2. The present invention realizes relative displacement of the threaded sleeve 1 and the threaded rod 7 by setting the threaded cooperation between the two. At the same time, the spring 11 promotes the interlocking movement of the push rod 9, the rocker arm 10, the threaded sleeve 1 and the support plate 5, and fine-tunes the position of the pawl 8 to ensure the complete engagement of the pawl 8 and the pawl groove 14, thereby ensuring the locking reliability of the stepless locking device.

[0101] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic locking stepless locking device, characterized in that: include: A ratchet rod (6), a threaded rod (7), a ratchet pawl (8), a spring (11) and a ratchet pawl mounting assembly; the ratchet rod (6) and the threaded rod (7) are slidably mounted; the ratchet rod (6) is provided with a plurality of parallel ratchet grooves (14); the ratchet pawl (8) can be inserted into the ratchet groove (14) of the ratchet rod (6); the ratchet pawl (8) is connected to the threaded rod (7) via the ratchet pawl mounting assembly; when the ratchet rod (6) and the threaded rod (7) slide relative to each other, the ratchet pawl (8) can switch to different ratchet grooves (14) for engagement; when the spring (11) is extended or retracted, the ratchet pawl (8) can be inserted into the ratchet groove (14) or slide out of the ratchet groove (14); The pawl mounting assembly comprises: a threaded sleeve (1), a first end cover (2), a second end cover (3), a support plate (5), a push rod (9) and a swing rod (10); The threaded sleeve (1) is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod (7) and is screwed to the threaded rod (7) through a thread; the first end cover (2) and the second end cover (3) are respectively fixedly mounted on both ends of the threaded sleeve (1); the support plate (5) is arranged inside the threaded sleeve (1) and is located between the first end cover (2) and the second end cover (3); the support plate (5) is slidably matched with the threaded rod (7); The pawl (8) is slidably mounted in the pawl hole (19) of the support plate (5); the push rod (9) is slidably matched with the pawl (8); the spring (11) is mounted between the pawl (8) and the push rod (9); the push rod (9) is hingedly mounted on one side of the swing rod (10), and the other side is rotatably mounted between the first end cover (2) and the second end cover (3) via rotating shafts (21) at both ends; The stepless locking device further comprises: a first pull rod (22) and a second pull rod (23); the first pull rod (22) is fixedly connected to the ratchet rod (6); the threaded rod (7) is fixedly connected to the second pull rod (23); the stepless locking device is used to lock the moving mechanism; the first pull rod is used to connect the first moving part of the moving mechanism, and the second pull rod is used to connect the second moving part of the moving mechanism; A cylindrical pin (4) is arranged between the threaded rod (7) and the threaded sleeve (1); the cylindrical pin (4) is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the threaded rod (7); the cylindrical pin (4) can be simultaneously inserted into the pin holes of the threaded sleeve (1) and the threaded rod (7), thereby limiting the position of the threaded sleeve (1) and the threaded rod (7).

2. The automatic locking stepless locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two symmetrical trapezoidal guide rails (12) are arranged above the threaded rod (7); a trapezoidal guide groove (18) is arranged below the support plate (5); and the support plate (5) is slidably mounted on the trapezoidal guide rails (12) of the threaded rod (7) via the trapezoidal guide groove (18).

3. The automatic locking stepless locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the ratchet rod (6) are provided with triangular guide rails (15); the inner side of the threaded rod (7) is provided with a triangular guide groove (13); the ratchet rod (6) is slidably mounted in the triangular guide groove (13) of the threaded rod (7) via the triangular guide rails (15).

4. The automatic locking stepless locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the ratchet (8) is provided with a cylindrical groove (16) along the axis direction of the ratchet; the push rod (9) is provided with a plurality of cylindrical bosses (17); the cylindrical bosses (17) are slidably mounted in the cylindrical groove (16); the spring (11) is mounted in the cylindrical groove (16) and is arranged between the cylindrical bosses (17) and the ratchet (8).

5. The automatic locking stepless locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet rod (6) is provided with ratchet grooves (14) on the upper and lower sides; the ratchet (8), the push rod (9), the swing rod (10) and the support plate (5) are symmetrically arranged in two groups on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod (6).

6. The automatic locking stepless locking device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Rotating shafts (21) are provided at both ends of the swing rod (10), and two cylindrical through holes (20) are provided on the first end cover (2) and the second end cover (3); the two swing rods (10) are rotatably mounted in the cylindrical through holes (20) of the first end cover (2) and the second end cover (3) via the rotating shafts (21).

7. The locking method of the automatic locking stepless locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: connecting the first pull rod (22) and the second pull rod (23) to the first moving component and the second moving component respectively; Step S2: When the first moving component and the second moving component are relatively displaced, the first pull rod (22) and the second pull rod (23) drive the ratchet rod (6) and the threaded rod (7) to relatively displace; the threaded rod (7) drives the ratchet (8) to displace along the axis of the ratchet rod (6) through the ratchet mounting assembly, and the ratchet (8) switches to different ratchet grooves (14) for engagement; Step S3: when the first moving part and the second moving part stop relative displacement, the ratchet rod (6) and the threaded rod (7) are relatively stationary; the cylindrical pin (4) is removed, and the pawl mounting assembly is driven by the elastic force of the spring (11) to adjust the position of the pawl (8) so that it is completely engaged with the pawl groove (14); In step S3, the pawl mounting assembly adjusts the position of the pawl in the following manner: Step S31: the elastic force of the spring (11) pushes the push rod (9) to move along the axial direction of the pawl (8), thereby pushing the swing rod (10) to deflect. When the swing rod (10) deflects, it drives the first end cover (2) and the second end cover (3) to rotate, and the threaded sleeve (1) rotates synchronously with the first end cover (2) and the second end cover (3); Step S32: the threaded sleeve (1) is displaced relative to the axial direction of the threaded rod (7) when rotating, thereby driving the first end cover (2), the second end cover (3) and the support plate (5) to be displaced relative to the threaded rod (7); Step S33: When the support plate (5) is displaced relative to the threaded rod (7), the pawl (8) in the pawl hole (19) can be driven to displace synchronously; the pawl (8) is displaced relative to the ratchet rod (6) to adjust itself to be completely aligned with the pawl groove (14), and then fully engages with the pawl groove (14) under the elastic force of the spring (11).

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