Deep-sea collection head using vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field

Abstract

The present invention discloses a deep-sea mining head that uses vortex shedding to create an upwelling field. The head comprises a mining hood, a front deflector, a rear deflector, a curvature plate, a jet device, and a vortex generating mechanism. The mining hood is a shell with an open bottom, and the front and rear deflectors are positioned relative to each other on the front and rear sides of the hood. The curvature plate is mounted on the top wall of the mining hood and cooperates with the front and rear deflectors to form a flushing and mining chamber. A water supply chamber is formed between the front deflector and the mining hood, and the water supply chamber communicates with the flushing and mining chamber. A suction pipe is positioned above and behind the mining hood, and the vortex generating mechanism comprises a plurality of piles arranged in a transversely spaced sequence. The jet device comprises a water supply pipe assembly, an angle adjustment mechanism, and two sets of jet nozzles, one mounted on the front deflector and the other on the rear deflector. The present invention uses jets to flush seabed mineral nodules, exfoliating them and carrying them backward, making them easier to remove and lift, thereby improving mining efficiency and reducing interference with the marine ecosystem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine equipment, and in particular to a deep-sea collection head which adopts vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field. Background Art

[0002] As reserves of key metals on land gradually decrease and mining becomes increasingly difficult and costly, humanity is turning its attention to the ocean, which accounts for 71% of the Earth's surface. The ocean represents the largest potential resource base on Earth that has yet to be fully understood and utilized. The seafloor contains metal mineral resources such as polymetallic nodules, cobalt-rich crusts, and polymetallic sulfides. These minerals are rich in nickel, cobalt, copper, manganese, gold, and silver, and their total reserves exceed those on land by tens to thousands of times. Most polymetallic nodules are loosely embedded in the soft, deep-sea sediments at the deep seafloor surface, as individual nodules. The vast majority of nodules range in size from 5 to 10 cm.

[0003] Among current seabed ore collection devices, three main methods are mechanical, hydraulic, and composite. Mechanical methods, which use long chain buckets or seabed robots to scoop minerals from the seabed, cause significant disturbance to the seabed and are inefficient, so they are rarely used. Hydraulic collection methods are divided into two types: water jet mining and Coanda effect-based collection. Water jet mining uses high-speed water jets to flush the seabed, thereby lifting and collecting ore. However, water jet mining involves significant energy dissipation during the jet mining process, resulting in low jet efficiency. Furthermore, the plume diffusion caused by jet mining is large, significantly impacting the seabed ecosystem. The Coanda effect-based collection method creates a low-pressure area on the wall, generating a pressure differential to collect minerals. Since the entire process does not directly flush the seabed surface, disturbance to the seabed is minimal. However, the resulting pressure differential is difficult to control in direction, resulting in low efficiency.

[0004] The following problems often exist during the collection process: During the seabed jet mining process, the direction of the mineral particles is difficult to control, the water flow dissipates to a large extent, and the lifting capacity of the nodules is low, resulting in low efficiency. The existing equipment has a great impact on the seabed ecological environment during the collection process. During the water jet collection of mineral nodules, a large amount of plumes are generated and diffused into the seabed, causing pollution to the seabed environment, and in severe cases, causing the suffocation of seabed organisms. During the existing seabed mining head collection process, the mud, water and mineral mixture is collected without a stripping process, and the collection device collects too much mud and water mixture, which increases the difficulty of the subsequent separation of mud, water and mineral particles. If the mud and water mixture is discharged, the discharged mud and water mixture will cause diffusion, causing serious damage to the seabed ecological environment. Therefore, the existing technology is in urgent need of further improvement and improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a deep-sea collection head that uses vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field, so as to solve the problems of difficulty in controlling the movement direction of mineral nodules during deep-sea mining, low ability to flush and lift mineral nodules, incomplete collection of some mineral nodules with larger particle sizes, low collection efficiency, and large disturbance to seabed sediment, which seriously affects the seabed ecological environment.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A deep-sea collection head that uses vortex shedding to construct an ascending flow field includes a collection cover, a front guide plate, a rear guide plate, a curvature plate, a jet device and a vortex generating mechanism. The collection cover is a shell structure with an open bottom, and the front guide plate and the rear guide plate are relatively arranged on the front and rear sides of the collection cover.

[0008] The curvature plate is arranged on the top wall of the collection cover and is located between the front guide plate and the rear guide plate. The curvature plate cooperates with the front guide plate and the rear guide plate to form a flushing and mining cavity. A water supply cavity is formed between the front guide plate and the front side wall of the collection cover. The water supply cavity is communicated with the front top of the flushing and mining cavity.

[0009] A suction pipe is provided on the upper rear portion of the collection cover, the lower end of the suction pipe is communicated with the rear top of the collection chamber, and the upper end can be connected to a suction pump provided on the mining vehicle.

[0010] The vortex generating mechanism is arranged between the front deflector plate and the rear deflector plate, and comprises a plurality of piles that are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in a transverse direction.

[0011] The jet device includes a water supply pipe group, an angle adjustment mechanism and two groups of jet nozzles. The two groups of jet nozzles are respectively arranged on the front guide plate and the rear guide plate. Each group of jet nozzles includes a plurality of jet nozzles arranged in sequence and spaced apart laterally. Both groups of jet nozzles are connected to the water supply pipe group, and the water supply pipe group can be connected to the high-pressure pump arranged on the mining vehicle.

[0012] Furthermore, the collection cover includes a front side panel, a rear side panel, a left side panel, a right side panel and a top panel. The front and rear side panels are arranged relatively to each other, and the front and rear ends of the left and right side panels are fixedly connected to the corresponding ends of the front and rear side panels respectively.

[0013] The top plate is arranged horizontally, and each side edge thereof is fixedly welded to the top of the corresponding side plate into one body, and a rectangular suction port is opened on the rear side of the top plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the front side plate and the rear side plate are both arc-shaped plates, and the lower ends of the front side plate and the rear side plate are bent toward opposite sides.

[0015] The front guide plate and the rear guide plate are also arc-shaped plates. The lower ends of the front guide plate and the rear guide plate are bent to the opposite side. The left and right ends of the front and rear guide plates are fixedly welded to the left plate and the right plate respectively. The water inlet is between the upper end surface of the front guide plate and the top plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the suction pipe is a square tube with a rectangular cross-section and is arranged vertically. The lower end of the suction pipe is fixedly connected to the top plate, and the upper end is provided with a flange matching its cross-section. The upper end of the suction pipe can be connected to a corrugated pipe with steel wire through the flange.

[0017] Furthermore, the curvature plate is arranged transversely below the top plate, and the middle portion of the curvature plate has a downwardly convex arch structure.

[0018] The front and rear sides of the curvature plate are fixedly welded to the bottom of the top plate respectively, and the left and right ends thereof are fixedly welded to the left plate and the right plate respectively to form a whole.

[0019] Each pile is arranged vertically, and its upper end passes through the curvature plate and slides and seals with the curvature plate. The bottom of the top plate is provided with spring seats equal in number to the piles and corresponding in position. The upper end of each pile is plugged into the corresponding spring seat.

[0020] Furthermore, the pile column has a circular or elliptical cross-section, the curvature plate is provided with a through-hole having the same shape as the cross-section of the pile column, and an O-ring is embedded in the circumferential side wall of the through-hole.

[0021] The interior of the spring seat has a cavity with an opening facing downwards, the lower end of the spring seat cavity has a limiting portion integrated therewith, the upper end of the pile is fixed with a limiting clamping ring, and a compression spring is provided in the cavity of the spring seat.

[0022] Furthermore, the water supply pipe group includes a water supply main pipe and two water supply branch pipes, and the two water supply branch pipes are respectively arranged on the side of the front guide plate and the rear guide plate that are away from each other.

[0023] The jet nozzles on the front guide plate are connected to the water supply branch pipe on the front side, and their water outlet ends are arranged tilted toward the rear side. The jet nozzles on the rear guide plate are connected to the water supply branch pipe on the front side, and their water outlet ends are arranged upward.

[0024] The two water supply branches are both connected to and communicate with one end of the water supply main pipe, and the other end of the water supply main pipe is connected to the high-pressure pump.

[0025] Furthermore, the front side wall of the lower part of the rear guide plate has a number of receiving grooves that are equal to the number of jet nozzles on the guide plate and have corresponding positions. The front side of each receiving groove has a protective shell, and the receiving groove is connected to the flushing chamber through the upper end of the protective shell.

[0026] Each jet nozzle located on the rear guide plate is located in a corresponding receiving groove and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove. The water inlet end of the jet nozzle is connected to the water supply branch pipe on the rear side of the rear guide plate through a hose.

[0027] The angle adjustment mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the rear deflector plate and can drive each jet nozzle located on the rear deflector plate to change the jet angle.

[0028] Furthermore, a sealing cover is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the rear deflector, and an angle adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the sealing cover.

[0029] The angle adjustment mechanism includes a drive shaft, a servo motor, a driving gear and a driven gear. The drive shaft is horizontally arranged on the inner side of the sealing cover through a bearing seat. The output end of the servo motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft is provided with driving gears whose number is equal to the jet nozzles on the rear guide plate and whose positions correspond one to one. The drive shaft drives each driving gear to rotate synchronously.

[0030] A driven gear is provided on the outside of one side of each receiving groove of the rear deflector, and the driven gear is engaged with the corresponding driving gear. One end of the gear shaft of the driving gear penetrates into the adjacent receiving groove and is fixedly connected to the jet nozzle located in the receiving groove through a bracket. The gear shaft of the driving gear is rotatably sealed with the side wall of the receiving groove.

[0031] Furthermore, the lower end of the front side plate is higher than the lower ends of the front and rear guide plates. The bottom of the front side plate cooperates with the left and right plates to form an external seawater inlet. The external seawater inlet is connected to the water supply chamber on the rear side. During the mineral collection process, the interior of the flushing and mining chamber is always under negative pressure due to the suction force, requiring continuous replenishment of seawater through the external seawater inlet. Seawater outside the collection cover can continuously enter the flushing and mining chamber through the external seawater inlet and the water supply chamber. The combined structure of the water supply chamber and the flushing and mining chamber is "S"-shaped, so that seawater in the collection cover always flows from the external seawater inlet to the suction port, so that the plume generated inside the collection cover will not spread to the outside.

[0032] By adopting the above technical scheme, the beneficial technical effect of the present invention is as follows: the present invention constructs an upward jet flow field of vortex nodules, supplemented by the design of a wall-attached suction flow field, and jets are respectively applied to the seabed mineral nodules through the jet ports on both sides, generating a vortex field around the pile to carry the minerals upward, and the water flow passing through the curved wall will generate a wall-attached suction field. The three interact with each other to generate a strong suction field, and the stripped minerals are collected under the action of the pressure difference. With a strong suction field, the nodules are easier to be stripped and lifted, and the force time of the mineral particles can be increased, thereby obtaining greater momentum, thereby increasing the probability of the mineral particles entering the collection device, improving the efficiency of the mining process, reducing the plume diffusion during the mining process, and effectively reducing the damage to the seabed surface ecological environment during seabed mining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a deep-sea collection head of the present invention that adopts vortex shedding to construct an ascending flow field.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a deep-sea collection head of the present invention that adopts vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field.

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part A.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a deep-sea collection head of the present invention that adopts vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the usage of a deep-sea collection head that uses vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0039] Example, combined with Figures 1 to 5 A deep-sea collection head that uses vortex shedding to create an upwelling flow field includes a collection hood 1, a front deflector 21, a rear deflector 22, a curvature plate 23, a jet device, and a vortex generating mechanism. The collection hood 1 is a shell structure with an open bottom. Specifically, the collection hood 1 includes a front side panel 11, a rear side panel 12, a left side panel 13, a right side panel 17, and a top panel 14. The front side panel 11 and the rear side panel 12 are arranged opposite each other, and the front and rear sides of the left side panel 13 and the right side panel 17 are fixedly connected to the corresponding ends of the front side panel 11 and the rear side panel 12, respectively. The collection hood 1 is mounted on the front side of a deep-sea mining vehicle via a hydraulic lifting arm. The lifting arm controls the raising and lowering of the collection hood 1. The lifting arm lifts the collection hood 1 while the deep-sea mining vehicle is moving, and lowers it after reaching the operating area.

[0040] The top plate 14 is arranged horizontally above each side plate, with each side edge fixedly welded to the top of the corresponding side plate. A rectangular suction port 15 is provided on the rear side of the top plate 14. A suction pipe 3 is provided at the upper rear end of the collection hood 1. The lower end of the suction pipe 3 communicates with the rear top of the collection chamber, and the upper end can be connected to a suction pump installed on a deep-sea mining vehicle. The suction pipe 3 is a square tube with a rectangular cross-section and is arranged vertically. The lower end of the suction pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the top plate 14, and the upper end is provided with a flange 31 that matches its cross-section. The upper end of the suction pipe 3 can be connected to the corrugated pipe 10 with steel wire through the flange 31.

[0041] The front guide plate 21 and the rear guide plate 22 are relatively arranged on the front and rear sides of the interior of the collection cover 1. The front side plate 11 and the rear side plate 12 are both arc-shaped plates, and the lower ends of the front side plate 11 and the rear side plate 12 are bent to opposite sides.

[0042] The front and rear deflectors 21, 22 are also curved plates, with their lower ends curved toward opposite sides. The left and right ends of the front and rear deflectors 21, 22 are welded to the left and right panels, respectively. A water inlet 24 is located between the upper end of the front deflector 21 and the top panel 14. The front and rear deflectors 21, 22, and curvature plate 23 form a flushing and extraction chamber with smaller cross-sections at the front and rear ends and a larger cross-section in the middle. The bottom of the flushing and extraction chamber provides a flushing flow field.

[0043] The lower end of the front side panel 11 is higher than the lower ends of the front guide plate 21 and the rear guide plate 22. The bottom of the front side panel 11 cooperates with the left side panel 13 and the right side panel 17 to form an external seawater inlet 16. The external seawater inlet 16 is connected to the water supply chamber on the rear side. During the mineral collection process, due to the suction force and the pressure difference between the inside and outside, seawater outside the collection cover 1 can continuously enter the flushing chamber through the external seawater inlet 16 and the water supply chamber. The lower ends of the rear side panel 12, the left side panel 13, and the right side panel 17 of the collection cover 1 fall to the surface of the seabed sediment. During the collection operation, a small portion of the plume generated outside the collection cover 1 can also enter the water supply chamber at the front of the collection cover 1 through the external seawater inlet 16, then pass through the water inlet 24 and enter the flow field formed by the nodule collection along the surface of the front guide plate 21, and finally enter the ore collection box together with the nodules.

[0044] The mud-water mixture generated during the mining process is controlled as much as possible in the area of ​​the collection cover 1, and the diffused mineral particles and mud are sucked into the interior through the external seawater inlet 16 at the front of the collection cover 1, which reduces the damage to the ecological environment of the seabed surface during the mining process and improves the environmental protection of the mining stage.

[0045] The curvature plate 23 is arranged on the top wall of the collection cover 1 and is located between the front guide plate 21 and the rear guide plate 22. The curvature plate 23 cooperates with the front guide plate 21 and the rear guide plate 22 to form a flushing and mining chamber. A water supply chamber is formed between the front guide plate 21 and the front side wall of the collection cover 1, and the water supply chamber is communicated with the front top of the flushing and mining chamber.

[0046] The curvature plate 23 is arranged horizontally below the top plate 14, and the middle portion of the curvature plate 23 has a downwardly convex arched structure. The front and rear sides of the curvature plate 23 are respectively fixedly welded to the bottom of the top plate 14, and its left and right ends are respectively fixedly welded to the left side plate 13 and the right side plate. In the working state, the negative pressure state inside the suction pipe 3 produces a large pressure difference between the front and rear sides of the flushing chamber, and the water inside it moves from front to back. The water outside the collection cover 1 enters the water supply chamber through the external seawater inlet 16, and then reaches the flushing chamber through the water inlet 24. Under the action of the curvature plate 23, it is ejected downward along the curved surface of the front guide plate 21, flushing the mineral nodules located in the flushing flow field backward.

[0047] The vortex generating mechanism is located between the front deflector 21 and the rear deflector 22 and comprises a plurality of posts 41 spaced laterally apart. Each post 41 is arranged vertically, with its upper end passing through the curvature plate 23 and forming a sliding, sealing engagement with the latter. The bottom of the top plate 14 is provided with spring seats 42, equal in number to the posts 41 and corresponding in position to the corresponding spring seat 42. The upper end of each post 41 engages with the corresponding spring seat 42.

[0048] The pile column 41 has a circular or elliptical cross section. The curvature plate 23 is provided with a through hole having the same shape as the cross section of the pile column 41 , and an O-ring 231 is embedded in the circumferential side wall of the through hole.

[0049] The spring seat 42 has a downwardly opening cavity within it. The lower end of the cavity of the spring seat 42 has an integral stopper. A stopper ring 411 is fixed to the upper end of the pile 41. A compression spring 43 is located within the cavity of the spring seat 42. The piles 41 utilize a floating design. The compression spring 43 ensures that the lower end of each pile 41 is immersed in the seabed mud, maintaining a stable flow field as the mud is flushed.

[0050] The jet device includes a water supply pipe assembly, an angle adjustment mechanism, and two sets of jet nozzles 53. The water supply pipe assembly includes a main water supply pipe 51 and two branch water supply pipes 52, which are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the front deflector 21 and the rear deflector 22. Both branch water supply pipes 52 are connected to one end of the main water supply pipe 51, and the other end of the main water supply pipe 51 is connected to the high-pressure pump.

[0051] Two groups of jet nozzles 53 are respectively arranged on the front guide plate 21 and the rear guide plate 22. Each group of jet nozzles 53 includes a plurality of jet nozzles 53 arranged in sequence and spaced apart laterally. Both groups of jet nozzles 53 are connected to a water supply pipe group, and the water supply pipe group can be connected to a high-pressure pump arranged on the mining vehicle.

[0052] Each jet nozzle 53 on the front deflector 21 is connected to the front water supply branch 52, with its outlet arranged at an angle toward the rear. Each jet nozzle 53 on the rear deflector 22 is connected to the front water supply branch 52, with its outlet arranged upward. The jet nozzles 53 on the front deflector 21 accelerate the water entering the mining cavity, generating an auxiliary flow field that improves the flushing effect on the mineral nodules.

[0053] The front side wall of the lower part of the rear guide plate 22 has accommodating grooves 222, the number of which is equal to and the position of the jet nozzles 53 on the guide plate corresponds one to one. The front side of each accommodating groove 222 has a protective shell 221, and the accommodating grooves 222 are connected to the flushing chamber through the upper end of the protective shell 221.

[0054] Each jet nozzle 53 located on the rear guide plate 22 is located in the corresponding receiving groove 222 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove 222. The water inlet end of the jet nozzle 53 is connected to the water supply branch pipe 52 on the rear side of the rear guide plate 22 through a hose 54.

[0055] The angle adjustment mechanism, located on the rear side of the rear deflector 22, drives the jet nozzles 53 on the rear deflector 22 to change the jet angle. A sealing cover 25 is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the rear deflector 22, and the angle adjustment mechanism is located within the sealing cover 25. This mechanism adjusts the angle of each jet nozzle 53 on the rear deflector 22 to achieve optimal lifting of the mineral nodules reaching the lower curved surface of the rear deflector 22.

[0056] The angle adjustment mechanism includes a drive shaft 61, a servo motor, a driving gear 62 and a driven gear 63. The drive shaft 61 is horizontally arranged on the inner side of the sealing cover 25 through a bearing seat. The output end of the servo motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the drive shaft 61. The drive shaft 61 is provided with driving gears 62 whose number is equal to the jet nozzles 53 on the rear deflector 22 and whose positions correspond one to one. The drive shaft 61 drives each driving gear 62 to rotate synchronously.

[0057] The rear deflector 22 is provided with a driven gear 63 on the outside of one side of each receiving groove 222. The driven gear 63 is engaged with the corresponding driving gear 62. One end of the gear shaft of the driving gear 62 penetrates into the adjacent receiving groove 222 and is fixedly connected to the jet nozzle 53 located in the receiving groove 222 through the bracket 55. The gear shaft of the driving gear 62 is rotatably sealed with the side wall of the receiving groove 222.

[0058] The deep-sea collection head, which uses vortex shedding to create an upwelling field, uses high-pressure water jets, assisted by guide plates and curvature plates 23, to scour the mineral nodules around the pile. This creates horseshoe vortices and then tail vortex shedding around the pile 41 and behind it. The horseshoe vortexes form around the pile 41, altering the flow field around it. Under the action of the horseshoe vortexes, the mineral nodules are stripped from the seabed and moved toward and gathered behind the pile 41. When the water flows between the two piles 41, its velocity increases rapidly, enhancing its scouring ability and making it easier to strip the mineral nodules and carry them backward.

[0059] The only part of the collection head that connects to the outside world is the seawater passage chamber. Suction at the suction port 15 draws seawater from the chamber into the suction pipe 3 and into the ore collection box. Therefore, external seawater is continuously replenished into the chamber through the external seawater inlet 16 and the water supply chamber. During the collection process, the scouring of seabed sediments by the jet flow can cause plumes, which can be devastating to the seabed ecosystem. The presence of the external seawater inlet 16 and the water supply chamber prevents the plume from spreading outside the collection hood. Even a small amount of plume generated by seawater disturbance can enter the chamber through the external seawater inlet 16 and reach the suction pipe 3. The external seawater inlet 16 is located at the front of the collection head, aligned with the direction of travel of the mining vehicle, further facilitating the entry of seawater into the chamber from the outside through the external seawater inlet 16. The combined structure of the water supply chamber and the collection chamber forms an "S" shape, ensuring that seawater consistently flows from the external seawater inlet to the suction port within the collection hood, preventing plumes generated within the hood from spreading externally.

[0060] The wake vortex shedding that occurs behind the pile is a phenomenon of vortex shedding directed diagonally upward. This process carries the mineral nodules toward the diagonally upward guide plate. The vortex shedding flow field generated by the vortex generator and the auxiliary flow field produced by the jet nozzle form a strong suction flow field, driving the mineral particles diagonally upward. As the water flows over the curved surface of the guide plate, a Coanda effect occurs. Under the suction force generated by the pressure difference, the mineral particles flow along the guide plate into the suction pipe. Throughout this process, the mineral nodules are first stripped from the seabed, then moved diagonally upward under the strong suction flow field. Finally, they are collected along the rear guide plate into the suction pipe, and then through the bellows to the ore collection box of the mining vehicle.

[0061] Parts not described in the present invention can be implemented by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0062] In addition, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0064] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea collection head that uses vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field, characterized in that: The collecting hood comprises a collecting cover, a front guide plate, a rear guide plate, a curvature plate, a jet device and a vortex generating mechanism. The collecting hood is a shell structure with an open bottom. The front guide plate and the rear guide plate are relatively arranged at the front and rear sides of the collecting hood. The curvature plate is arranged on the top wall of the collection cover and is located between the front guide plate and the rear guide plate. The curvature plate cooperates with the front guide plate and the rear guide plate to form a flushing and collecting cavity. A water supply cavity is formed between the front guide plate and the front side wall of the collection cover. The water supply cavity is communicated with the front top of the flushing and collecting cavity. A suction pipe is provided at the upper rear portion of the collection cover, the lower end of the suction pipe is communicated with the top rear portion of the collection chamber, and the upper end can be connected to a suction pump provided on the mining vehicle; The vortex generating mechanism is arranged between the front deflector and the rear deflector, and includes a plurality of piles arranged in a sequential and spaced manner in a transverse direction; The jet device includes a water supply pipe group, an angle adjustment mechanism and two groups of jet nozzles. The two groups of jet nozzles are respectively arranged on the front guide plate and the rear guide plate. Each group of jet nozzles includes multiple jet nozzles arranged in a transverse order. Both groups of jet nozzles are connected to the water supply pipe group, and the water supply pipe group can be connected to the high-pressure pump installed on the mining vehicle. The collection cover includes a front side panel, a rear side panel, a left side panel, a right side panel and a top panel, the front and rear side panels are arranged opposite to each other, and the front and rear ends of the left and right side panels are fixedly connected to the corresponding ends of the front and rear side panels respectively; The top plate is arranged horizontally, and each side thereof is fixedly welded to the top of the corresponding side plate, and a rectangular suction port is opened on the rear side of the top plate; The front side panels and the rear side panels are both curved panels, and the lower ends of the front side panels and the rear side panels are bent toward opposite sides; The front guide plate and the rear guide plate are also arc-shaped plates, the lower ends of the front guide plate and the rear guide plate are bent to the opposite side, the left and right ends of the front and rear guide plates are fixedly welded to the left plate and the right plate respectively, and the water inlet is between the upper end surface of the front guide plate and the top plate; The curvature plate is arranged transversely below the top plate, and the middle portion of the curvature plate is a downwardly convex arch; The front and rear sides of the curvature plate are fixedly welded to the bottom of the top plate, and the left and right ends are fixedly welded to the left and right plates respectively; Each pile is arranged vertically, and its upper end passes through the curvature plate and slides and seals with the curvature plate. The bottom of the top plate is provided with spring seats equal in number to the piles and corresponding in position. The upper end of each pile is plugged into the corresponding spring seat.

2. The deep-sea collection head using vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction pipe is a square tube with a rectangular cross-section and is arranged vertically. The lower end of the suction pipe is fixedly connected to the top plate, and the upper end is provided with a flange matching its cross-section. The upper end of the suction pipe can be connected to a corrugated pipe with steel wire through the flange.

3. The deep-sea collection head using vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile column has a circular or elliptical cross section, and the curvature plate is provided with a perforation that is consistent with the cross section of the pile column, and an O-ring is embedded in the circumferential side wall of the perforation; The interior of the spring seat has a cavity with an opening facing downwards, the lower end of the spring seat cavity has a limiting portion integrated therewith, the upper end of the pile is fixed with a limiting clamping ring, and a compression spring is provided in the cavity of the spring seat.

4. The deep-sea collection head using vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply pipe group includes a water supply main pipe and two water supply branch pipes, and the two water supply branch pipes are respectively arranged on the side of the front guide plate and the rear guide plate that are away from each other; Each jet nozzle located on the front deflector is connected to and communicates with the water supply branch pipe on the front side, and its water outlet end is arranged obliquely toward the rear side; each jet nozzle located on the rear deflector is connected to and communicates with the water supply branch pipe on the front side, and its water outlet end is arranged upward; The two water supply branches are both connected to and communicate with one end of the water supply main pipe, and the other end of the water supply main pipe is connected to the high-pressure pump.

5. The deep-sea collection head using vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front side wall of the lower part of the rear guide plate is provided with receiving grooves equal in number to the jet nozzles on the rear guide plate and corresponding in position to each other. The front side of each receiving groove is provided with a protective shell, and the receiving groove is connected to the flushing chamber through the upper end of the protective shell; Each jet nozzle located on the rear deflector is located in a corresponding receiving groove and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove. The water inlet end of the jet nozzle is connected to the water supply branch pipe on the rear side of the rear deflector through a hose. The angle adjustment mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the rear deflector plate and can drive each jet nozzle located on the rear deflector plate to change the jet angle.

6. The deep-sea collection head using vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sealing cover is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the rear deflector, and an angle adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the sealing cover; The angle adjustment mechanism includes a drive shaft, a servo motor, a driving gear and a driven gear. The drive shaft is arranged horizontally on the inner side of the sealing cover through a bearing seat. The output end of the servo motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft is provided with driving gears equal in number to the jet nozzles on the rear deflector and corresponding in position to each other. The drive shaft drives the driving gears to rotate synchronously. A driven gear is provided on the outside of one side of each receiving groove of the rear deflector, and the driven gear is engaged with the corresponding driving gear. One end of the gear shaft of the driving gear penetrates into the adjacent receiving groove and is fixedly connected to the jet nozzle located in the receiving groove through a bracket. The gear shaft of the driving gear is rotatably sealed with the side wall of the receiving groove.

7. The deep-sea collection head using vortex shedding to construct an upwelling field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the front side plate is higher than the lower ends of the front and rear guide plates. The bottom of the front side plate cooperates with the left and right plates to form an external seawater inlet. The external seawater inlet is connected to the water supply cavity on the rear side. In the working state, the seawater outside the collection cover can continuously enter the flushing cavity through the external seawater inlet and the water supply cavity.

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