A solar thermochemical reactor based on bionic lung

Abstract

A solar thermochemical reactor based on a bionic lung comprises an outer shell and a bionic lung body installed therein, the outer shell comprising a cylindrical middle shell, with a truncated cone-shaped upper shell and a lower shell connected to both ends of the middle shell respectively; an annular step-shaped slot is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the middle shell, and the annular step-shaped slot is adapted to be plugged into the bionic lung lobes of the bionic lung body; sunlight passes through a focusing system of a circular mirror field, and the light energy is focused into a reactor located at the top of a tower, and enters the bionic lung body through an air inlet, where the gas reacts chemically with a catalyst; the design of the bionic lung body improves the contact efficiency between the gas and the catalyst, thereby increasing the chemical reaction rate, and at the same time, the heat generated by the reaction products inside the reactor is effectively transferred and distributed through the gaps between the bionic lung lobes, and then discharged from the reactor through an air outlet, thereby achieving the purpose of a thermochemical reaction; the present invention has the advantages of increasing the chemical reaction rate, reducing costs, and making the heat flow distribution more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar thermal utilization and energy storage equipment, and in particular to a solar thermal chemical reactor device based on a bionic lung. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy has attracted widespread attention worldwide as a renewable and clean energy source. Using solar energy for thermochemical reactions can convert it into other forms of energy, such as heat, electricity, or fuel, and has enormous potential.

[0003] Current solar thermochemical reactors still have certain limitations in terms of efficiency, cost and sustainability. Specifically, they are: (1) Limited conversion efficiency: Existing solar thermochemical reactors are relatively inefficient in capturing and utilizing solar energy. This is due to the influence of multiple factors such as reactor structural design, optical system and heat exchange effect. Low efficiency limits the energy output and economy of the reactor in practical applications. (2) High manufacturing and operating costs: The design and manufacturing processes of existing reactors often involve complex digital design and high-precision material processing. In addition, some reactors require high operating and maintenance costs, such as mirror cleaning, optical system adjustment and heat exchanger replacement. These factors increase the total cost of solar thermochemical reactors and reduce their market competitiveness. (3) Sustainability issues: Existing reactors may have certain sustainability issues in terms of service life, material recycling and environmental impact. In order to overcome these limitations, new solar thermochemical reactors are developed to improve efficiency, reduce costs and enhance sustainability.

[0004] Patent application CN108187598B discloses a solar thermochemical reactor device with a rotating airflow group structure, including a reactor shell, a reaction chamber provided in the reactor shell, the reaction chamber is in the shape of an inverted cone, a bottom plate is provided at the lower opening of the reaction chamber, at least three air inlet holes are provided on the bottom plate, the air inlet holes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the bottom plate plane, an air inlet pipe connected to the interior of the reaction chamber is provided under the air inlet hole, and each air inlet pipe is provided with a spiral blade.

[0005] This patent application arranges the air inlet holes evenly at the bottom edge of the reactor. During the spiral rise of the sample gas, the solid particles in the reaction gas pass through the central area of the reactor under the action of centrifugal force, and effectively absorb the high-density solar energy flow in the central area; however, the uniformity of the reaction in the main part of the reaction chamber is difficult to control, which affects the efficiency of the thermochemical reaction; by gradually increasing the cross-sectional area of the reactor, the rotating airflow gradually diverges and cross-mixes, the forward speed gradually decreases, the mixing intensity gradually increases, and the residence time of the feed gas near the optical window is increased to improve the overall thermal conversion efficiency of the system; it is easy to cause thermal deformation of the reaction chamber, carbon deposition of the catalyst and other problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar thermochemical reactor device based on a bionic lung. By using the bionic lung structure, the gas diffusion rate in the reactor is improved, the heat flow distribution inside the reactor can be made more uniform, and the thermal utilization efficiency of the reactor can be effectively improved.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A solar thermochemical reactor based on a bionic lung includes an outer shell and a bionic lung body installed inside the outer shell. The outer shell includes a cylindrical middle shell 2, and the two ends of the middle shell 2 are respectively connected to a truncated cone-shaped upper shell 1 and a lower shell 3; an annular step-shaped slot 4 is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the middle shell 2, and the annular step-shaped slot 4 is adapted to be plugged into the bionic lung lobes 7 of the bionic lung body.

[0009] The bionic lung includes an inverted cone-shaped central body 8 arranged in the center of the middle shell 2. The central body 8 is provided with n annular pieces 9 from top to bottom, where n is greater than or equal to 3. The annular pieces 9 are adapted to be plugged into the corresponding cracks on the bionic lung lobes 7.

[0010] The bionic lung blades 7 are made of carbon nanosheets with catalysts attached to their surfaces.

[0011] The catalyst includes titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium dioxide or cadmium sulfide.

[0012] The central body 8 is a porous medium body made of carbon nanomaterials, with a porosity of 80%-85%.

[0013] The upper shell 1 and the lower shell 3 are made of stainless steel, and the middle shell 2 is made of quartz glass.

[0014] An air inlet 6 is provided at the end surface of the small end of the truncated cone of the upper shell 1 , and an air outlet 5 is provided at the end surface of the small end of the truncated cone of the lower shell 3 .

[0015] The thickness of the annular stepped slot 4 is 1 cm to 2 cm, and the interval between adjacent notches of the slot 4 is 3 cm to 5 cm.

[0016] The bionic lung blade 7 morphology is generated by the Koch curve algorithm, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0017] S1: Initialization

[0018] Create two isosceles right triangles that share an acute vertex. The long sides of the two isosceles right triangles and the shared vertex form a 20°-30° gap. The gap formed between the shared vertex and the two adjacent isosceles right triangles represents the starting part of the bionic lung airway.

[0019] S2: Branch

[0020] Perform the first operation on each initial isosceles right triangle: split each initial isosceles right triangle into two isosceles right triangles. The two newly generated isosceles right triangles share an acute vertex, and there is a 20°-30° gap between the adjacent right-angled sides and the shared vertex, simulating the branching process of the bionic lung airway from the trachea to the main bronchi.

[0021] S3: Recursive Generation

[0022] Repeat the operation in step 2 for each newly generated isosceles right triangle; in each recursive step, divide each isosceles right triangle into two smaller isosceles right triangles and form a 20°-30° fissure between them. By recursively applying this process, the branching structure of the bionic lung airway is simulated;

[0023] S4: Termination Condition

[0024] Finally, when the level of the branch reaches a predetermined maximum depth or the size of the triangle is lower than a set threshold, the recursive process is stopped, representing the end point of the bionic lung airway structure, and the generation of the bionic lung lobe 7 is completed.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The morphology of the bionic lung blade 7 is generated by the Koch curve algorithm. The bionic lung blade 7 uses carbon nanosheets to increase the gas diffusion rate in the reactor, thereby effectively increasing the chemical reaction rate.

[0027] 2. Through the design of the bionic lung structure, the bionic lung blades 7 are inserted and fixed between the groove 4 and the central body 8. The central body is made of a porous medium made of carbon nanomaterial with a porosity of 80%-85%, which can make the heat flow distribution inside the reactor more uniform and effectively improve the thermal utilization efficiency of the reactor.

[0028] 3. By adopting new materials such as carbon nanosheet bionic lung blades 7 and carbon nanoporous medium center body 8, catalysts are attached to the surface of the carbon nanosheets. When the gas passes through the carbon nanosheets, a chemical reaction occurs with the catalyst attached to the surface. The structure of the bionic lung body improves the contact efficiency between the gas and the catalyst, thereby increasing the chemical reaction rate and reducing the manufacturing cost of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the bionic lung lobe 7 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the annular step-shaped groove 4 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the bionic lung of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the central body 8 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a flow chart for generating the morphology of the bionic lung lobe 7 according to the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1—upper shell; 2—middle shell; 3—lower shell; 4—annular step-shaped slot; 5—air inlet; 6—air outlet; 7—air outlet; 7—bionic lung blade; 8—center body; 9—annular piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments disclosed in the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 As shown, a solar thermochemical reactor based on a bionic lung includes an outer shell and a bionic lung body installed inside the outer shell. The outer shell includes a cylindrical middle shell 2, and the two ends of the middle shell 2 are respectively connected to a truncated cone-shaped upper shell 1 and a lower shell 3; an annular step-shaped slot 4 is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the middle shell 2, and the annular step-shaped slot 4 is adapted to be plugged into the bionic lung lobes 7 of the bionic lung body.

[0040] The bionic lung includes an inverted cone-shaped central body 8 arranged in the center of the middle shell 2. The central body 8 is provided with n annular pieces 9 from top to bottom, where n is greater than or equal to 3. The annular pieces 9 are adapted to be plugged into the corresponding cracks on the bionic lung lobes 7.

[0041] The bionic lung blades 7 are made of carbon nanosheets with catalysts attached to the surface, which have high porosity, are lightweight and have good thermal conductivity.

[0042] The catalyst includes titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium dioxide or cadmium sulfide.

[0043] The central body 8 is a porous medium body made of carbon nanomaterials, with a porosity of 80%-85%.

[0044] The upper shell 1 and the lower shell 3 are made of stainless steel, and the middle shell 2 is made of quartz glass.

[0045] An air inlet 6 is provided at the end surface of the small end of the truncated cone of the upper shell 1 , and an air outlet 5 is provided at the end surface of the small end of the truncated cone of the lower shell 3 .

[0046] The thickness of the annular stepped slot 4 is 1 cm to 2 cm, and the interval between adjacent notches of the slot 4 is 3 cm to 5 cm.

[0047] The bionic lung blade 7 morphology is generated by the Koch curve algorithm, which helps to improve the uniformity of heat transfer and gas distribution. The specific steps are as follows:

[0048] S1: Initialization

[0049] Create two isosceles right triangles that share an acute vertex. The long sides of the two isosceles right triangles and the shared vertex form a 20°-30° gap. The gap formed between the shared vertex and the two adjacent isosceles right triangles represents the starting part of the bionic lung airway.

[0050] S2: Branch

[0051] Perform the first operation on each initial isosceles right triangle: split each initial isosceles right triangle into two isosceles right triangles. The two newly generated isosceles right triangles share an acute vertex, and there is a 20°-30° gap between the adjacent right-angled sides and the shared vertex, simulating the branching process of the bionic lung airway from the trachea to the main bronchi.

[0052] S3: Recursive Generation

[0053] Repeat the operation in step 2 for each newly generated isosceles right triangle; in each recursive step, divide each isosceles right triangle into two smaller isosceles right triangles and form a 20°-30° fissure between them. By recursively applying this process, the branching structure of the bionic lung airway is simulated;

[0054] S4: Termination Condition

[0055] Finally, when the level of the branch reaches a predetermined maximum depth or the size of the triangle is lower than a set threshold, the recursive process is stopped, representing the end point of the bionic lung airway structure, and the generation of the bionic lung lobe 7 is completed.

[0056] Working principle: First, sunlight is focused into the reactor at the top of the tower through the focusing system of the circular mirror field. The photothermal energy enters the bionic lung through the air inlet 5 of the reactor. The bionic lung lobes 7 and the central body 8 convert the photothermal energy into chemical energy, and a chemical reaction occurs. Subsequently, the heat generated by the reaction products inside the reactor is effectively transferred and distributed through the gaps between the bionic lung lobes, and finally discharged from the reactor through the air outlet 6.

[0057] Sunlight passes through a circular mirror field and a focusing system, converging the energy into a reactor located at the top of the tower. The reactor's outer shell consists of upper, middle, and lower shells, each made of truncated stainless steel. The middle shell is made of cylindrical quartz glass. Light enters the reactor from all sides of the middle shell (quartz glass), which helps improve the reactor's photothermal efficiency. After entering the reactor, the photothermal energy enters the bionic lung through the air inlet. The bionic lung consists of carbon nanotube bionic lung lobes 7 and a central body. The morphology of the bionic lung lobes 7 is generated using a Koch curve algorithm, simulating the branching structure of the lung airway, which helps improve the uniformity of heat transfer and gas distribution. The bionic lung lobes 7 are loaded with catalysts. When gas passes through the carbon nanosheets, it chemically reacts with the catalysts on the surface. The structure of the bionic lung increases the contact efficiency between the gas and the catalyst, thereby increasing the chemical reaction rate. The heat generated by the reaction products inside the reactor is effectively transferred and distributed through the gaps between the bionic lung lobes, and then discharged from the reactor through the air outlet, achieving the purpose of the thermochemical reaction. The reactor improves the contact efficiency between gas and catalyst through the design of bionic lungs, solving the problems of low chemical reaction rate, high cost and non-uniform heat flow distribution inside the reactor in the existing technology.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0059] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

Claims

1. A solar thermochemical reactor based on a bionic lung, comprising an outer shell and a bionic lung body installed therein, wherein the outer shell comprises a cylindrical middle shell (2), and the ends of the middle shell (2) are respectively connected to a truncated cone-shaped upper shell (1) and a lower shell (3); characterized in that: An annular stepped slot (4) is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the middle shell (2), and the annular stepped slot (4) is adapted to be plugged into the bionic lung lobes (7) of the bionic lung body; the bionic lung body comprises an inverted cone-shaped central body (8) arranged at the center of the middle shell (2), and n annular sheets (9) are sequentially provided on the central body (8) from top to bottom, where n is greater than or equal to 3, and the annular sheets (9) are adapted to be plugged into the corresponding cracks on the bionic lung lobes (7); the bionic lung lobes (7) are made of carbon nanosheets with catalysts attached to their surfaces.

2. The solar thermochemical reactor based on the bionic lung according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst includes titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium dioxide or cadmium sulfide.

3. The solar thermochemical reactor based on the bionic lung according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central body (8) is a porous medium body made of carbon nanomaterials, with a porosity of 80%-85%.

4. The solar thermochemical reactor based on the bionic lung according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper shell (1) and the lower shell (3) are made of stainless steel, and the middle shell (2) is made of quartz glass.

5. The solar thermochemical reactor based on a bionic lung according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: An air inlet (6) is provided at the end surface of the small end of the truncated cone of the upper shell (1), and an air outlet (5) is provided at the end surface of the small end of the truncated cone of the lower shell (3).

6. The solar thermochemical reactor based on the bionic lung according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular step-shaped slot (4) has a thickness of 1 cm to 2 cm, and adjacent notches of the slot (4) are spaced 3 cm to 5 cm apart.

7. The solar thermochemical reactor based on the bionic lung according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bionic lung blade (7) morphology is generated by the Koch curve algorithm, and the specific steps are as follows: S1: Initialization Create two isosceles right triangles that share an acute vertex. The long sides of the two isosceles right triangles and the shared vertex form a 20°-30° gap. The gap formed between the shared vertex and the two adjacent isosceles right triangles represents the starting part of the bionic lung airway. S2: Branch Perform the first operation on each initial isosceles right triangle: split each initial isosceles right triangle into two isosceles right triangles. The two newly generated isosceles right triangles share an acute vertex, and there is a 20°-30° gap between the adjacent right-angled sides and the shared vertex, simulating the branching process of the bionic lung airway from the trachea to the main bronchi. S3: Recursive Generation Repeat the operation in step 2 for each newly generated isosceles right triangle; in each recursive step, divide each isosceles right triangle into two smaller isosceles right triangles and form a 20°-30° fissure between them. By recursively applying this process, the branching structure of the bionic lung airway is simulated; S4: Termination Condition Finally, when the level of the branch reaches a predetermined maximum depth or the size of the triangle is lower than a set threshold, the recursive process is stopped, representing the end point of the bionic lung airway structure, and the generation of the bionic lung lobe (7) is completed.

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