Plant-compatible eco-concrete and use thereof

Abstract

The application provides a plant-compatible ecological concrete and application thereof. The concrete is prepared by the following steps: (1) mixing and stirring 10-18mm volcanic rock, 20-30mm volcanic rock, ordinary Portland cement, nutrient material and water, and pouring and curing to prepare the concrete; spraying a treatment liquid on the concrete, so that the treatment liquid fully penetrates into the voids of the concrete, and placing for at least 1 day; the treatment liquid comprises tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium metaaluminate, ammonium hydroxide and water with a mass ratio of 2-3:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.5-1:20. The concrete has a continuous void structure, provides necessary space for the growth of plants, is beneficial to the rapid absorption of water and nutrients by the plants, and promotes the growth of the plants. Meanwhile, the application can reduce the influence of saline-alkaline substances on the plants, and is suitable for the planting of plants with weak salt and alkali tolerance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building concrete technology, specifically to a plant-compatible ecological concrete and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Plant-compatible ecological concrete refers to concrete that can coexist harmoniously with plants. It is made from lightweight porous rock, organic fertilizers, and topsoil, and bound together with cementitious materials. It has a certain strength, can be planted with vegetation, and can both conserve water and soil, reinforce embankments, maintain biodiversity, and be used for urban greening. Therefore, its development and application are receiving increasing attention.

[0003] Plant-compatible ecological concrete has continuous voids, providing air and water permeability. After being filled with potting soil and fertilizer, plant seeds can absorb water and nutrients directly from the concrete and from the soil beneath it, requiring little or no additional watering. This achieves both greening and protection against erosion of building surfaces. However, the cement, aggregates, and admixtures in concrete contain large amounts of alkali and salt, especially the alkali produced during cement hydration, resulting in a very high pH value. Plants struggle to grow in such an alkaline environment. Studies show that even after ferrous sulfate treatment to reduce alkali, plant growth in ecological concrete is still not as good as in ordinary soil. Therefore, current plant-compatible concrete is only suitable for plants with strong salt and alkali resistance, well-developed root systems, and high vitality. Plants with low salt and alkali resistance are difficult to grow, significantly limiting its application. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a plant-compatible ecological concrete suitable for salt- and alkali-intolerant plants to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide technical support for its widespread application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a plant-compatible ecological concrete and its application.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A plant-compatible eco-concrete, the preparation method of which includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Mix volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water, and pour and cure it to make concrete; spray the treatment liquid into the concrete so that the treatment liquid can fully penetrate into the concrete pores and leave it for at least 1 day;

[0008] The treatment solution comprises tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium aluminate, ammonium hydroxide, and water in a mass ratio of 2-3:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.5-1:20. The pores within concrete create a saline-alkaline environment. Plant growth is negatively affected not only by the alkali but also by salt stress. This effect and stress is a dynamic process with a greater impact on plant growth. Treatment with this solution can significantly reduce the impact of saline-alkaline substances in concrete on plants.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium aluminate, ammonium hydroxide, and water in the treatment solution is 3:0.5:0.5:0.5:20.

[0010] Preferably, the nutrient material is composed of peat moss, sawdust, compound fertilizer, and calcium-based bentonite in a mass ratio of 60-70:15-20:5-10:5-10.

[0011] Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water is 1-2:1-3:7-8:7-10:100.

[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the treatment liquid is used at least 7 days after the concrete is poured and cured.

[0013] The present invention further relates to the application of the aforementioned plant-compatible ecological concrete in planting.

[0014] Preferably, the plants include salt-tolerant plants such as gardenia (scientific name: Gardenia jasminoides), white clover (scientific name: Trifolium repens L.), and wolf's needle grass (scientific name: Stipa baicalensis Roshev.).

[0015] Preferably, the application method of the plant-compatible concrete is as follows: spread a 1-2 cm thick layer of nutrient material on the concrete, and then sow or transplant plants.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial results of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention uses volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm and 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, and nutrients as the main components of concrete. The resulting concrete provides the necessary space for plant growth, facilitating rapid absorption of water and nutrients and promoting plant growth. Simultaneously, after the concrete is poured and formed, a treatment solution prepared from tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium aluminate, ammonium hydroxide, and water is sprayed on the concrete. After standing for at least one day, a coating forms in the concrete pores, achieving a certain sealing effect against salt and alkali, isolating the plant from the influence of salt and alkali substances, and thus ensuring healthy and rapid plant growth. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0019] Example 1: Plant-compatible ecological concrete and its application

[0020] (1) Mix volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water in a mass ratio of 1:1:8:10:100 and pour and cure it to make concrete; after curing for 7 days, spray the treatment liquid into the concrete so that the treatment liquid can fully penetrate into the concrete pores and leave it for 1 day.

[0021] The nutrient solution consists of peat moss, sawdust, compound fertilizer, and calcium-based bentonite in a mass ratio of 60:20:10:10.

[0022] The treatment solution is prepared by mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium aluminate, ammonium hydroxide, and water in a mass ratio of 3:0.5:0.5:0.5:20.

[0023] (2) Spread a 1-2cm thick layer of nutrient material on the concrete, sow white clover and manage it in a regular manner.

[0024] Example 2: Plant-compatible ecological concrete and its application

[0025] (1) Mix volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water in a mass ratio of 2:3:7:7:100 and pour and cure it to make concrete; after curing for 7 days, spray the treatment liquid into the concrete so that the treatment liquid can fully penetrate into the concrete pores and leave it for 1 day.

[0026] The nutrient solution consists of peat moss, sawdust, compound fertilizer, and calcium-based bentonite in a mass ratio of 60:20:10:10.

[0027] The treatment solution is prepared by mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium aluminate, ammonium hydroxide, and water in a mass ratio of 3:0.5:0.5:0.5:20.

[0028] (2) Spread a 1-2cm thick layer of nutrient material on the concrete, sow white clover and manage it in a regular manner.

[0029] Example 3: Plant-compatible ecological concrete and its application

[0030] (1) Mix volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water in a mass ratio of 1:1:8:10:100 and pour and cure it to make concrete; after curing for 7 days, spray the treatment liquid into the concrete so that the treatment liquid can fully penetrate into the concrete pores and leave it for 1 day.

[0031] The nutrient solution consists of peat moss, sawdust, compound fertilizer, and calcium-based bentonite in a mass ratio of 70:15:5:10.

[0032] The treatment solution is prepared by mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium aluminate, ammonium hydroxide, and water in a mass ratio of 3:0.5:0.5:0.5:20.

[0033] (2) Spread a 1-2cm thick layer of nutrient material on the concrete, sow white clover and manage it in a regular manner.

[0034] Example 4: Plant-compatible ecological concrete and its application

[0035] (1) Mix volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water in a mass ratio of 1:1:8:10:100 and pour and cure it to make concrete; after curing for 7 days, spray the treatment liquid into the concrete so that the treatment liquid can fully penetrate into the concrete pores and leave it for 1 day.

[0036] The nutrient solution consists of peat moss, sawdust, compound fertilizer, and calcium-based bentonite in a mass ratio of 60:20:10:10.

[0037] The treatment solution is prepared by mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium aluminate, ammonium hydroxide, and water in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:1:20.

[0038] (2) Spread a 1-2cm thick layer of nutrient material on the concrete, sow white clover and manage it in a regular manner.

[0039] Comparative Example 1: Plant-Compatible Ecological Concrete and Its Application

[0040] (1) Mix volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water in a mass ratio of 1:1:8:10:100, and pour and cure to make concrete;

[0041] The nutrient solution consists of peat moss, sawdust, compound fertilizer, and calcium-based bentonite in a mass ratio of 60:20:10:10.

[0042] (2) Spread a 1-2cm thick layer of nutrient material on the concrete, sow white clover and manage it in a regular manner.

[0043] Comparative Example 2: Plant-Compatible Ecological Concrete and Its Application

[0044] (1) Mix volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water in a mass ratio of 1:1:8:10:100 and pour and cure it to make concrete; after curing for 7 days, spray the treatment liquid into the concrete so that the treatment liquid can fully penetrate into the concrete pores and leave it for 1 day.

[0045] The nutrient solution consists of peat moss, sawdust, compound fertilizer, and calcium-based bentonite in a mass ratio of 60:20:10:10.

[0046] The treatment solution was an oxalic acid solution with a mass concentration of 18%.

[0047] (2) Spread a 1-2cm thick layer of nutrient material on the concrete, sow white clover and manage it in a regular manner.

[0048] Comparative Example 3: Plant-Compatible Ecological Concrete and Its Application

[0049] (1) Mix volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water in a mass ratio of 1:1:8:10:100 and pour and cure it to make concrete; after curing for 7 days, spray the treatment liquid into the concrete so that the treatment liquid can fully penetrate into the concrete pores and leave it for 1 day.

[0050] The nutrient solution consists of peat moss, sawdust, compound fertilizer, and calcium-based bentonite in a mass ratio of 60:20:10:10.

[0051] The treatment solution is prepared by mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium aluminate, ammonium hydroxide, and water in a mass ratio of 0.5:0.5:0.5:0.5:20.

[0052] (2) Spread a 1-2cm thick layer of nutrient material on the concrete, sow white clover and manage it in a regular manner.

[0053] Comparative Example 4: Plant-Compatible Ecological Concrete and Its Application

[0054] (1) Mix volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18mm, volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30mm, ordinary silicate cement, nutrients and water in a mass ratio of 1:1:8:10:100 and pour and cure it to make concrete; after curing for 7 days, spray the treatment liquid into the concrete so that the treatment liquid can fully penetrate into the concrete pores and leave it for 1 day.

[0055] The nutrient solution consists of peat moss, sawdust, compound fertilizer, and calcium-based bentonite in a mass ratio of 60:20:10:10.

[0056] The treatment solution is prepared by mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium aluminate, ammonium hydroxide, and water in a mass ratio of 3:0.5:5:0.5:20.

[0057] (2) Spread a 1-2cm thick layer of nutrient material on the concrete, sow white clover and manage it in a regular manner.

[0058] Using the above-described embodiments and comparative methods, after 28 days of concrete pouring and curing, compressive strength tests were conducted in accordance with GB / T4111-2013, showing that the compressive strength was greater than 5 MPa.

[0059] Thirty days after sowing, the plant roots were observed. In the example, the roots of all plants had penetrated the 15cm thick concrete block and the plants were growing well. However, the roots of the comparative plants were fewer and shorter and the plants were growing poorly.

[0060] Comparison of plant growth:

[0061] Using the methods of examples and comparative examples, 20 plants were randomly sampled 30 days after sowing, and their plant height and root length were measured and the average values ​​were recorded.

[0062] Table 1

[0063] Plant height 30 days after sowing / cm Average root length 30 days after sowing / cm Example 1 25.2 14.0 Comparative Example 1 10.1 5.5 Comparative Example 2 15.5 8.3 Comparative Example 3 18.2 11.6 Comparative Example 4 17.1 11.1 Ordinary soil planting 27.3 13.8

[0064] The plant height, root length, and plant growth of Examples 1-4 were similar, with no significant differences.

[0065] As shown in Table 1, the growth of white clover planted in plant-compatible concrete in Example 1 was similar to that planted in ordinary soil, indicating good plant growth. Compared to Example 1, Comparative Example 1, which did not receive treatment, showed the worst plant growth. Comparative Example 2, which used oxalic acid solution as a treatment, achieved some alkalinity reduction, but plant growth was still significantly poor. Comparative Examples 3 and 4, using treatment solutions with different proportions, showed better alkalinity reduction effects than Comparative Examples 1 and 2, but still not as good as Example 1. These results indicate that the concrete of this invention is suitable for planting white clover.

[0066] It has been verified that this invention can also be applied to low-growing shrubs or herbaceous plants that are not tolerant of salt and alkali, such as gardenia and wolfsbane.

[0067] The above description is only a partial embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phytocompatible eco-concrete, characterized in that, The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and stirring the volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18 mm, the volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30 mm, ordinary Portland cement, nutrient material and water, and pouring and curing to prepare concrete; spraying the treatment liquid on the concrete so that the treatment liquid fully penetrates into the voids of the concrete, and placing for at least 1 day; The treatment liquid comprises tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium metaaluminate, ammonium hydroxide and water with a mass ratio of 2-3:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.5-1:

20.

2. Plant-compatible eco-concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate, sodium tetraborate, sodium metaaluminate, ammonium hydroxide and water in the treatment liquid is 3:0.5:0.5:0.5:

20.

3. The phytocertified eco-concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient material is composed of peat soil, wood chips, compound fertilizer and calcium-based bentonite with a mass ratio of 60-70:15-20:5-10:5-10.

4. The phytocertified eco-concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of the volcanic rock with a particle size of 10-18 mm, the volcanic rock with a particle size of 20-30 mm, ordinary Portland cement, nutrient material and water is 1-2:1-3:7-8:7-10:

100.

5. The phytocertified eco-concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the treatment liquid is used at least 7 days after the pouring and curing of the concrete.

6. Application of the plant-compatible ecological concrete of claim 1 to planting plants.

7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plants comprise gardenia flowers, white clover and wolf's bane.

8. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that, The application is that 1-2 cm thick nutrient material is scattered on the plant-compatible ecological concrete, and the plants are sowed or transplanted.