Adjustable railway subgrade structure and construction method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of railway roadbed, and particularly relates to the field of newly constructed railway roadbeds next to existing railways, and particularly relates to an adjustable railway roadbed structure and construction method. The roadbed structure is arranged at the side slope position of any side of the existing line, and includes a roadbed filler, as well as a force transmission component, a balancing base plate and a connector buried in the roadbed filler. The force transmission component, the balancing base plate and the connector form a triangular structure. The force transmission component is arranged on the side slope of the existing line subgrade, and the balancing base plate is arranged on the stratum adjacent to the corresponding side slope. By adjusting the length of the connector, the load of the roadbed filler on the existing line subgrade can be reduced. The adjustable form is used to adapt to the slopes of existing line subgrades with different side slope rates. The force on the existing line embankment is reduced, and the lateral or vertical deformation of the existing line subgrade caused by the factors of the railway roadbed structure is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of railway roadbed, in particular to the field of new railway roadbed next to an existing railway, and in particular to an adjustable railway roadbed structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of transportation infrastructure and the construction of large railway hubs, many railway trunk lines need to converge at large railway hub stations. However, the construction time of each line is different, which inevitably requires the construction of new lines next to existing railway lines. Due to the influence of land use and the distance between each railway line, most of the time it is necessary to fill the new railway subgrade on one or both sides of the existing subgrade. With the rapid development of high-speed railways in my country, the control of railway subgrade deformation is very strict. The subgrade generally has a parallelogram cross-section and is close to the slope of the existing line embankment. Although the foundation can be properly treated, its own gravity will cause a certain amount of bias on the existing railway, causing the existing line to deform horizontally and vertically, affecting the normal operation of the existing line trains. In particular, this problem is particularly prominent in soft soil areas. Therefore, the deformation of the existing subgrade caused by the construction of subgrade on both sides of the existing line is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable railway subgrade structure and construction method to address the technical defects of the prior art in that the existing subgrade is easily deformed during the process of filling a new subgrade on the existing subgrade, thereby affecting the normal operation of the existing subgrade.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] An adjustable railway subgrade structure is provided, which is arranged at a side slope position on any side of an existing line and includes a subgrade filler, and a force transmission component, a balancing base plate and a connecting piece buried in the subgrade filler. The force transmission component, the balancing base plate and the connecting piece form a triangular structure. The force transmission component is arranged on the side slope of the existing line subgrade, and the balancing base plate is arranged on a stratum adjacent to the corresponding slope. By adjusting the length of the connecting piece, the load of the subgrade filler on the existing line subgrade can be reduced.

[0006] In the technical solution of the present invention, an adjustable railway subgrade structure is proposed, wherein adjustability refers to the angle between the force transmission component and the balancing base plate, which is specifically adjusted by changing the length of the connecting piece. The adjustable form is used to adapt to the slope of the existing line subgrade with different slope gradients. The force transmission component is made to correspond to the angle of the slope by changing the length of the connecting piece. In this case, the interference of the railway subgrade structure on the existing line can be controlled, the force on the railway subgrade structure can be accurately controlled, the force on the existing line embankment can be reduced, and the lateral or vertical deformation of the subgrade of the existing line caused by the factors of the railway subgrade structure can be reduced.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the force transmission assembly includes a plurality of dowel rods spaced apart along the length of the existing railway subgrade. Each dowel rod is provided with a corresponding connector for adjusting the clamp α. The slope gradient along the length of the existing subgrade may vary. By providing steel strands on each dowel rod, the angle of the dowel rod can be flexibly adjusted, ensuring that the contact between the railway subgrade structure and the existing subgrade at each location more closely meets the force requirements.

[0008] The force transmission component can be in the form of a force transmission rod, a force transmission wing, or a force transmission tip or a force transmission beam structural part.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a groove is provided on the balancing base plate, the opening of the groove facing the side of the existing linebed. A cylindrical pin is embedded in the groove, and the force transmission assembly is rotatably connected to the cylindrical pin. Specifically, the cylindrical pin is placed horizontally in the groove. During the casting process of the balancing base plate, the cylindrical pin is embedded in a suitable position in the groove. After the balancing base plate is cured, the cylindrical pin is fixed in the groove. The force transmission rod can rotate around the cylindrical pin. As the slope of the existing linebed changes, the angular adaptability between the force transmission rod and the cylindrical pin changes.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first anchoring hole is provided at the end of the dowel rod, and a second anchoring hole is provided at the end of the balancing base plate. The ends of the steel strand are connected to the first and second anchoring holes, respectively. The angle between the dowel rod and the cylindrical pin is determined by adjusting the tension of the steel strand.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, an anchoring assembly is provided on the end of the balancing base plate away from the slope, and the anchoring assembly includes an anchor. After the stretched steel strand passes through the second anchor hole and the anchor joint, the angle between the force transmission rod and the balancing base plate is adjusted according to the slope of the existing line slope and is tightly fixed in the steel strand hole position reserved in the balancing base plate, and is tightened and fixed to the balancing base plate using the anchor.

[0012] Preferably, the connector includes steel strands and PVC pipes, the PVC pipe sleeves being provided outside the steel strands, and sealing sleeves being provided at both ends of the PCV pipes. The tensile steel strands comprise 4-8 bundles, and the sealing sleeves are added to prevent the steel strands within the PVC from rusting.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the force transmission assembly includes a plurality of dowel bars spaced apart along the length of the existing roadbed. A transverse force-bearing net is disposed between adjacent dowel bars, and is used to distribute the load of the roadbed filler. The transverse force-bearing net is made of a flexible material, such as a high-strength geogrid, and is used to distribute the load of the roadbed filler.

[0014] The transverse force-bearing net is wound around the adjacent force-transmitting rods. The transverse force-bearing net includes two layers, the upper and lower layers, and the roadbed filler can be filled between the two layers. By setting up the transverse force-bearing net, the roadbed filler load between the force-transmitting rods can be transferred to the force-transmitting rods to a certain extent.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a foundation reinforcement assembly is provided under the balancing base plate, and the position of the foundation reinforcement assembly corresponds to that of the force transmission rod. The foundation reinforcement assembly includes support piles and anchor piles, and the support piles and anchor piles are pre-buried under the stratum before the balancing base plate is cast. The support piles and the anchor piles are spaced apart, and the support piles are located on the side close to the existing line bed, and the anchor piles are located on the side away from the existing line bed.

[0016] Preferably, the support piles include at least two. The support piles mainly rely on the friction resistance of the pile body and the bearing capacity of the pile end to provide compressive resistance. The anchor piles include at least two, and the anchor piles are mainly friction piles, relying on the friction resistance between the pile body and the surrounding soil to provide pullout resistance.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a pressure sensor is provided between each dowel rod and the slope of the existing line foundation, and is used to monitor the load exerted by the dowel rod on the slope of the existing line.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the subgrade filling structure further includes a subgrade filler, which covers the force transmission rod and the balancing base plate, and the width of the subgrade filler is consistent with the width of the balancing base plate.

[0019] A method for constructing an adjustable railway subgrade structure comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. Clean the slope of the existing roadbed and level the slope surface. Based on the width of the new roadbed and the conditions of the base, construct support piles and anchor piles, and then cast the balancing base plate.

[0021] S2. Pre-embed cylindrical pins and second anchor holes along the length of the balancing base plate at intervals of 3-6 m; wait for the balancing base plate to solidify to the designed strength;

[0022] S3, determining the length of the dowel rod according to the contact length between the fill roadbed and the slope, manufacturing the dowel rod and connecting it to the balancing base plate;

[0023] S4, winding a transverse force-bearing net between adjacent dowel bars, and installing a pressure sensor on the side of the dowel bar in contact with the slope;

[0024] S5. Install the steel strand by first connecting the steel strand to the first anchor hole, then sleeve the PVC tube over the steel strand, pass the steel strand through the second anchor hole, and pre-fix it with an anchor;

[0025] S6. Fill and compact the roadbed, read the data of the pressure sensor, tension the steel strand until the reading of the pressure sensor reaches zero, then stop tensioning and fix the steel strand.

[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The technical solution of the present invention proposes an adjustable railway subgrade structure, which specifically adjusts the angle α between the force transmission rod and the balancing base plate by changing the length of the steel strand. It can be widely used to adapt to the slopes of existing subgrades with different slope rates. The angle of the force transmission rod is made corresponding to the slope by changing the length of the stretched steel strand. In this case, the interference of the railway subgrade structure on the existing line can be controlled, the force on the railway subgrade structure can be accurately controlled, the force on the existing line embankment can be reduced, and the lateral or vertical deformation of the subgrade of the existing line caused by factors of the railway subgrade structure can be reduced.

[0028] 2. In the technical solution of the present invention, force transmission rods, transverse force-bearing nets, tensile steel strands, balancing base plates, etc. can all be made of materials with low structural deadweight. At the same time, for weak foundations, balancing base plates, anchor piles and support piles can be used as foundation treatment measures at the bottom of the roadbed. In particular, the newly built roadbed filling material can be made of lightweight materials including but not limited to lightweight concrete to reduce the impact on the lower foundation.

[0029] 3. The adjustable railway subgrade structure of the present invention is simple to manufacture and install. The weight of the newly constructed subgrade on the existing line is cleverly transferred to the bottom balancing plate through a triangular structure. To ensure the balancing plate's center of force is below the newly constructed line, anchor piles and support piles are installed. This effectively transfers the entire weight of the subgrade to the underlying rock and soil, preventing deformation of the existing subgrade caused by the subgrade construction.

[0030] 4. In the technical solution of the present invention, by adding a pressure sensor, after the filling of the roadbed is completed, the stress condition of the slope of the existing line embankment can be monitored in real time through the pressure sensor under the force transmission rod. In the later stage, the stress on the existing line embankment can be reduced by adjusting the tensioned steel strands, or the stress on the existing line embankment can be reduced or made zero. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1; (adjustable railway filling roadbed structure is set on one side)

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the adjustable railway subgrade structure of the present invention before the subgrade filler is filled;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the balancing base plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic top view of the adjustable railway roadbed structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coordination between the force transmission rod and the balancing base plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coordination of the dowel rod, the balancing base plate and the steel strands of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2; (adjustable railway filling roadbed structure is set on both sides)

[0038] Icons: 1-existing linebed; 2-ground; 3-force transmission rod; 31-first anchor hole, 4-balance base plate, 41-groove, 42-second anchor hole, 43-anchor; 5-steel strand, 6-support roadbed, 7-support pile, 8-anchor pile; 9-lateral force grid, 10-pressure sensor, 11-PVC pipe, 12-cylindrical pin, 13-sealing sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment discloses an adjustable railway roadbed structure. Figure 1-7As shown in the figure, the basic situation of the construction location of the railway embankment structure is as follows: a second line is to be added next to a single-track intercity railway. Due to land restrictions, it is necessary to fill the second line next to the existing line. In order to understand the structure visually, the following numerical values ​​are used as examples. For example, the slope of the embankment of the existing line is 1:1.5, the height of the embankment slope is 6m, the elevation of the road surface of the added second line is 5.5m from the ground, and there is 5m thick soft plastic silty clay under the original foundation. The foundation conditions are poor. According to the foundation conditions and the height and slope of the embankment of the existing line, it is determined to use a pile-plate structure with bored piles of 2.0 in diameter as the foundation treatment method.

[0043] In this embodiment, the supporting roadbed structure is set at one side slope position of the existing line, such as Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes a force transmission rod 3, a balancing base plate 4 and a steel strand 5. The force transmission rod 3, the balancing base plate 4 and the steel strand 5 form a triangular structure. The angle α between the force transmission rod 3 and the balancing base plate 4 can be adjusted, and the angle α is adjusted by adjusting the length of the steel strand 5; the force transmission rod 3 is set on the slope of the existing linebed 1, and the balancing base plate 4 is set on the stratum adjacent to the slope.

[0044] In this embodiment, the balancing base plate 4 of the adjustable railway filling roadbed structure has a thickness of 1.2m and a width of 9.2m. The width refers to the straight-line distance between the balancing base plate 4 and the existing line slope. A foundation reinforcement assembly is provided under the balancing base plate 4. The foundation reinforcement assembly corresponds to the position of the force transmission rod 3. The foundation reinforcement assembly includes support piles 7 and anchor piles 8. The support piles 7 and the anchor piles 8 are spaced apart. The support piles 7 are located on the side close to the existing linebed 1. The support piles 7 mainly rely on the friction resistance of the pile body and the bearing capacity of the pile end to provide pressure resistance. The anchor piles 8 are located on the side away from the existing linebed 1. The anchor piles 8 are mainly friction piles, which rely on the friction resistance between the pile body and the surrounding soil to provide pull-out resistance. In this embodiment, the support piles 7 are 15m long and the anchor piles 8 are 20m long. The support piles 7, anchor piles 8 and balancing base plate 4 are all rigidly connected. The pile tops penetrate 0.1m into the balancing base plate 4, and the steel bars are denser at the joints.

[0045] In this embodiment, the dowel rod 3 is made according to 0.95 times the contact length of the filling roadbed. The slope of the existing line is 1:1.5, and the height of the filling roadbed is 5m. The length of the dowel rod 3 is 0.95 times the length of the contact surface, that is, 7.125m. The dowel rod 3 is cut from on-site steel. The steel is I-steel, model 63C, 630mm high, 180mm wide, and 17mm thick. The balancing base plate 4 is provided with a groove 41, the opening of the groove 41 facing the side of the existing line foundation 1. A cylindrical pin 12 is pre-embedded in the groove 41, and the dowel rod 3 is rotatably connected to the cylindrical pin 12. Specifically, the cylindrical pin 12 is placed horizontally in the groove 41. During the casting process of the balancing base plate 4, the cylindrical pin 12 is buried in the appropriate position of the groove 41. After the balancing base plate 4 is cured, the cylindrical pin 12 is fixed in the groove 41. The force transfer rods 3 are hoisted at the position of the cylindrical pin 12 by a crane. The force transfer rods 3 are spaced apart along the length direction of the existing roadbed 1. A transverse force net 9 is provided between adjacent force transfer rods 3. The transverse force net 9 is used to disperse the load of the roadbed filler 6. The transverse force net 9 is made of a flexible material, such as a high-strength geogrid. The transverse force net 9 is used to disperse the load of the roadbed filler 6. The transverse force net 9 is wound around the adjacent force transfer rods 3. The transverse force net 9 includes two layers, upper and lower. The roadbed filler 6 can be filled between the two layers. By providing a transverse hand net, the load of the roadbed filler 6 between the force transfer rods 3 can be transferred to the force transfer rods 3 to a certain extent. The gap between the force transfer rods 3 and the slope surface, as well as the interior of the transverse force net 9, are first filled and compacted with the roadbed filler 6.

[0046] A pressure sensor 10 is provided between each dowel rod 3 and the slope of the existing line foundation 1. The pressure sensor 10 is used to monitor the load exerted by the dowel rod 3 on the slope of the existing line.

[0047] The end of the force transmission rod 3 is provided with a first anchor hole 31, and the end of the balance base plate 4 is provided with a second anchor hole 42. The two ends of the steel strand 5 are connected to the first anchor hole 31 and the second anchor hole 42 respectively. The angle between the force transmission rod 3 and the cylindrical pin 12 is determined by adjusting the stretched steel strand 5. Six bundles of steel strands 5 are passed through the first anchor hole 31 at the top of the force transmission rod 3 and fixed with anchor pads. An anti-corrosion PVC pipe 11 is placed on the outside of the steel strand 5. The two end portions of the PVC pipe 11 are provided with sealing sleeves 13. The sealing sleeve 13 is set in the gap between the PVC pipe 11 and the steel strand 5. It passes through the second anchor hole of the balance base plate 4 and is temporarily locked with an anchor 43. The subgrade filling structure also includes a subgrade filler 6. The subgrade filler 6 covers the force transmission rod 3 and the balance base plate 4. The width of the subgrade filler 6 is consistent with the width of the balance base plate 4. The subgrade filler 6 as a whole forms a structure similar to a parallelogram deformation.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] In this embodiment 2, based on the embodiment 1, an adjustable railway filling roadbed structure is added on both sides of a single-track intercity railway. Figure 7 As shown, the specific structure refers to the description of Example 1.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] This embodiment 3 provides a method for constructing the structure of embodiment 1:

[0052] The specific steps include:

[0053] S1. Clean and level the slope of the target existing roadbed 1. Based on the width of the newly built roadbed and the site conditions, construct support piles 7 and anchor piles 8, and then cast the balancing base plate 4. Specifically, the balancing base plate 4 is 1.2 m thick and 9.2 m wide. First, drill the piles according to the designed positions and cast the support piles 7 and anchor piles 8. After the pile concrete reaches the designed strength, erect the formwork and cast the balancing base plate 4.

[0054] S2. Pre-embed cylindrical pins 12 and second anchor holes 42 at intervals of 3-6 m along the length of the balancing base plate 4; wait for the balancing base plate 4 to solidify to the designed strength; when pouring the balancing base plate 4, pre-embed the cylindrical sheath and the steel strand 5 holes, i.e., the second anchor holes 42, at 4 m intervals, and wait for the balancing base plate 4 to solidify to the designed strength;

[0055] S3. Determine the length of the dowel rod 3 according to the contact length between the filling roadbed and the slope, make the dowel rod 3 and connect it to the balancing base plate 4; the dowel rod can be made synchronously according to 0.95 times the contact length of the filling roadbed. The slope of the existing line is 1:1.5, and the height of the filling roadbed is 5m. The length of the dowel rod is 0.95 times the length of the contact surface, that is, 7.125m. The dowel rod is cut on site, and the steel is I-steel, model 63C, 630mm high, 180mm wide, and 17mm thick. The dowel rod is hoisted on the balancing base plate 4 by a crane and hinged to the cylindrical sheath embedded in the groove 41; in this embodiment, the cylindrical sheath is a solid steel structure

[0056] S4, winding a transverse force-bearing net 9 between adjacent dowel bars 3, and installing a pressure sensor 10 on the side of the dowel bar 3 in contact with the slope;

[0057] S5. Install the steel strands 5. First, connect the steel strands 5 to the first anchor holes 31. Then, sleeve a PVC tube over the steel strands 5. Pass the steel strands 5 through the second anchor holes 42 and pre-fix them with anchors 43. Use six bundles of steel strands 5 to fix them in the first anchor holes 31 at the top of the force transmission rod and secure them with anchor pads. Sleeve an anti-corrosion PVC tube around the outside of the steel strands 5, pass it through the second anchor holes 42 of the balancing base plate 4, and temporarily lock it with anchors 43.

[0058] S6: Construct and compact the supporting roadbed, read the data from the pressure sensor 10, and tension the steel strand 5 until the pressure sensor 10 reading reaches zero. Tensioning is then stopped, and the steel strand 5 is secured. After the filling is completed, the pressure sensor 10 reading is read for the first time, for example, at 20 MPa. The steel strand 5 is tensioned until the pressure sensor 10 reading reaches zero, then tensioning is stopped and secured to the anchor 43. Later, the pressure sensor 10 reading increases, for example, to 30 kPa. The steel strand 5 is tensioned again until the sensor reading reaches zero, and then locked.

[0059] The technical solution of the present invention proposes an adjustable railway embankment structure, specifically by adjusting the angle α between the force transmission rod 3 and the balancing base plate 4 by changing the length of the steel strand 5. It can be widely used to adapt to the slopes of existing line embankments 1 with different slope rates. By changing the length of the tensile steel strand 5, the angle of the force transmission rod 3 is adjusted to correspond to the slope. In this case, the interference of the railway embankment structure on the existing line can be controlled, and the force applied to the railway embankment structure can be accurately controlled to make the existing line embankment zero-stressed, thereby reducing the lateral or vertical deformation of the existing line embankment caused by factors of the railway embankment structure.

[0060] In the technical solution of the present invention, the load-transmitting pins, transverse force-bearing mesh 9, tensile steel strands 5, and balancing base plate 4, among other structures, are lightweight and simple to manufacture and install. The weight of the newly constructed subgrade fill on the existing subgrade is cleverly transferred to the balancing base plate 4 via a triangular structure. To ensure the center of force on the balancing base plate 4 is below the newly constructed subgrade, anchor piles 8 and support piles 7 are installed. This effectively transfers the entire weight of the subgrade fill to the underlying rock and soil, preventing deformation of the existing subgrade 1 caused by the subgrade fill.

[0061] In the technical solution of the present invention, after the filling of the roadbed is completed, the stress condition of the existing line embankment slope can be monitored in real time through the pressure sensor 10 under the force transmission rod. Later, the tensioned steel strand 5 can be adjusted to make the existing line embankment zero-stressed.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable railway subgrade structure, which is arranged at any side slope of an existing line, characterized in that: The invention comprises a roadbed filler (6), and a force transmission component, a balancing base plate (4) and a connecting piece buried in the roadbed filler (6); the force transmission component, the balancing base plate (4) and the connecting piece form a triangular structure; the force transmission component is arranged on the slope of an existing linebed (1); the balancing base plate (4) is arranged on a stratum adjacent to the corresponding slope; and the load of the roadbed filler on the existing linebed (1) can be reduced by adjusting the length of the connecting piece; The connecting piece comprises a steel strand (5) and a PVC tube (11), wherein the PVC tube (11) is sleeved on the outside of the steel strand (5), and sealing sleeves (13) are provided at both ends of the PVC tube (11); The force transmission assembly includes a plurality of force transmission rods (3), wherein the force transmission rods (3) are spaced apart along the length direction of the existing roadbed (1), and a transverse force-bearing network (9) is provided between adjacent force transmission rods (3), and the transverse force-bearing network (9) is used to disperse the load of the roadbed filler (6); A foundation reinforcement assembly is arranged below the balancing base plate (4), and the foundation reinforcement assembly corresponds to the position of the force transmission rod (3). The foundation reinforcement assembly includes a support pile (7) and an anchor pile (8), and the support pile (7) and the anchor pile (8) are arranged at intervals. The support pile (7) is located on a side close to the existing linebed (1), and the anchor pile (8) is located on a side away from the existing linebed (1); a pressure sensor (10) is arranged between each force transmission rod (3) and the slope of the existing linebed (1).

2. The adjustable railway roadbed structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove (41) is provided on the balancing base plate (4), the opening of the groove (41) faces one side of the existing line base (1), a cylindrical pin (12) is pre-buried in the groove (41), and the force transmission component is rotatably connected to the cylindrical pin (12).

3. The adjustable railway roadbed structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first anchoring hole (31) is provided at the end of the force transmission assembly, a second anchoring hole (42) is provided at the end of the balancing base plate (4), and both ends of the connecting member are respectively connected to the first anchoring hole (31) and the second anchoring hole (42).

4. The adjustable railway subgrade structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steel strand (5) passes through the second anchoring hole (42) and is fixed by an anchor (43) provided on the side wall of the balancing base plate (4).

5. The adjustable railway roadbed structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The roadbed filler (6) covers the force transmission component and the balancing base plate (4), and the width of the roadbed filler is consistent with the width of the balancing base plate (4).

6. A method for constructing an adjustable railway roadbed structure, characterized in that: The adjustable railway subgrade structure comprises the structure described in any one of claims 1 to 5; S1. Clean the slope of the target existing roadbed (1), level the slope surface, and construct support piles (7) and anchor piles (8) according to the width of the new roadbed filler (6) and the base conditions, and then cast the balance base plate (4); S2, pre-embed cylindrical pins (12) and second anchor holes (42) along the length direction of the balancing base plate (4); the spacing is 3-6m; wait for the balancing base plate (4) to solidify to the designed strength; S3, determining the length of the force transmission component according to the contact length between the supporting roadbed and the slope, making a force transmission rod (3) and connecting it to the balancing base plate (4); S4, winding a transverse force-bearing net (9) between adjacent force-transmitting rods (3), and installing a pressure sensor (10) on the side of the force-transmitting rod (3) in contact with the slope; S5, installing the steel strand (5), first connecting the steel strand (5) to the first anchor hole (31), then sleeve the PVC tube (11) on the steel strand (5), passing the steel strand (5) through the second anchor hole (42), and pre-fixing it with the anchor (43); S6, filling and compacting the roadbed, reading the data of the pressure sensor (10), tensioning the steel strand (5) until the reading of the pressure sensor (10) is zero, then stopping the tensioning, and fixing the steel strand (5).

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