A method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-trapping and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism.

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-trapping and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism, including a. a synthesis route of small molecule photothermal materials; and b. a preparation process of the seawater desalination evaporator. This method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-trapping and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism uses low-cost wood pulp sponge as a matrix. The material is synthesized through a simple one-step organic synthesis method, dissolved in an organic solvent, and drop-coated onto the matrix to prepare a seawater desalination evaporator with a three-dimensional light-trapping and suspension protection mechanism. The evaporator preparation method provided by this invention enables more convenient, lower-cost, and higher-efficiency seawater desalination. The one-step high-yield organic synthesis method reduces the preparation cost of the evaporator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seawater desalination device technology, and in particular to a method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light capture and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid global population growth and continuous economic development, the scarcity of freshwater resources, which are closely related to human health, has become a global problem. Solar energy, being inexhaustible and the most abundant renewable energy source, offers an environmentally friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective way to obtain freshwater resources. It is widely used in seawater desalination, sterilization, and freshwater production. Solar-powered seawater desalination devices consist of two parts: photothermal materials and a support structure. In recent years, various photothermal materials have been extensively studied, including metal oxides, metal nanoparticles, and porous carbon; while the support structure is mostly composed of 2D thin films such as fiber membranes prepared by electrospinning.

[0003] Current photothermal material synthesis processes are complex and costly; the raw materials for the support are expensive; the evaporator manufacturing process is complex and not conducive to practical applications; the light-harvesting ability of commonly used two-dimensional supports is insufficient; and salt accumulation easily occurs on the surface of the support, affecting the evaporation rate.

[0004] To address these issues, we propose a method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light capture and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light capture and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-trapping and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism includes the following steps:

[0008] (a) Synthesis of small-molecule photothermal materials in seawater desalination evaporators:

[0009] Organic small molecule compound 3 was synthesized by organic synthesis. Compound 1, compound 2, catalyst and solvent were added to a reaction vessel, argon gas was introduced, and then the mixture was refluxed at 65°C. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction product was poured into 200 mL of methanol and filtered. The precipitate was separated by silica gel chromatography to obtain a black solid, which is the organic conjugated small molecule material of compound 3.

[0010] (b) Take three milligrams of compound 3 obtained from (a) and add it to an organic solvent. Stir and dissolve it completely to obtain a solution of compound 3. Drop the solution of compound 3 onto a three-dimensional porous wood pulp sponge matrix of three square centimeters and dry it naturally in a fume hood to remove the organic solvent. This will give you a photothermal evaporator. Place the evaporator in water to obtain an evaporator with a suspension protection mechanism.

[0011] In step (a), each X in compound 2 is independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, and I; each X in compound 3 is independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, and I; the catalyst includes pyridine, piperidine, triethylamine, and diethylamine; and the solvent is one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, and chloroform.

[0012] The organic solvent in step (b) includes one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane.

[0013] In a further embodiment, in step (a), the silica gel column used for precipitation is 200-300 mesh silica gel, and the eluent is petroleum ether / dichloromethane with a volume ratio of 1:2.

[0014] In a further embodiment, in step (a), the argon gas is passed through for 5 to 50 minutes and the reflux time is 5 to 50 hours.

[0015] In a further embodiment, in step (b), the stirring temperature is 30–80°C, the stirring time is 1–50 hours, the mass percentage concentration of the compound 3 solution is 1%–30%, and the drying time is 1–50 hours.

[0016] In a further embodiment, in step (a), each X of compound 2 is independently selected from H, F, and Cl; each X of compound 3 is independently selected from H, F, and Cl; the catalyst includes pyridine and triethylamine; and the solvent is one of dichloromethane and trichloromethane.

[0017] In a further embodiment, in step (a), the argon gas is introduced for 10 to 20 minutes and the reflux time is 10 to 20 hours.

[0018] In a further embodiment, in step (b), the organic solvent includes ethanol, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane.

[0019] In a further embodiment, in step (b), the stirring temperature is 40-50°C, the stirring time is 2-5 hours, the mass percentage concentration of the compound 3 solution is 2%-5%, and the drying time is 2-5 hours.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] This invention utilizes low-cost wood pulp sponge as a matrix, synthesizing the material through a simple one-step organic synthesis method. The material is then dissolved in an organic solvent and drop-coated onto the matrix to prepare a seawater desalination evaporator with a three-dimensional light-trapping and suspension protection mechanism. The evaporator preparation method provided by this invention enables more convenient, lower-cost, and higher-efficiency seawater desalination. The one-step, high-yield organic synthesis method reduces the evaporator's preparation cost. Furthermore, the biomimetic porous diatom three-dimensional evaporator achieves efficient light trapping, improving the photothermal conversion efficiency of solar energy and further enhancing the seawater desalination rate. In addition, the biomimetic diatom-based suspension protection mechanism below the water surface allows the water film on the evaporator's surface to isolate oxygen, preventing photo-oxidation of the photothermal materials. The water film on the evaporator's surface also diffuses salt deposited on the surface back into the water through water flow, preventing salt deposition on the evaporator surface from affecting the evaporation rate. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a synthetic route diagram of the small molecule photothermal material in this invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a process flow diagram of the preparation process of the seawater desalination evaporator in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a photothermal temperature curve diagram from Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the weight loss due to water evaporation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a photothermal temperature curve diagram from Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the weight loss due to water evaporation in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-trapping and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism, comprising the following steps:

[0030] a. Synthesis route of small molecule photothermal materials;

[0031] b. The manufacturing process of seawater desalination evaporators;

[0032] (a) Organic small molecule compound 3 was synthesized by organic synthesis. Compound 1, compound 2, catalyst, and solvent were added to a reaction vessel, argon gas was introduced, and the mixture was refluxed at 65°C. After cooling to room temperature (approximately 25°C), the reaction product was poured into 200 mL of methanol and filtered. The resulting precipitate was separated by silica gel chromatography (using 200-300 mesh silica gel, with petroleum ether / dichloromethane at a volume ratio of 1:2) to obtain a black solid, which is the organic conjugated small molecule material represented by compound 3.

[0033] (b) Three milligrams of compound 3 were added to an organic solvent and stirred until fully dissolved to obtain a solution of compound 3. The compound 3 solution was then dropped onto a three-square-centimeter low-cost three-dimensional porous wood pulp sponge substrate and allowed to air dry in a fume hood to remove the organic solvent, thus obtaining a photothermal evaporator. The evaporator was then placed in water to obtain an evaporator with a suspension protection mechanism.

[0034] In step (a), each X in compound 2 is independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, and I, and each X in compound 3 is independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, and I. The catalyst includes pyridine, piperidine, triethylamine, and diethylamine, and the solvent is one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, and chloroform. Argon gas is purged for 5–50 minutes. Reflux time is 5–50 hours.

[0035] The organic solvent mentioned in step (b) includes one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, and chloroform. The stirring temperature is 30–80°C, the stirring time is 1–50 hours, the mass percentage concentration of the compound 3 solution is 1%–30%, and the drying time is 1–50 hours.

[0036] Preferably, in step (a), each X in compound 2 is independently selected from H, F, and Cl. Each X in compound 3 is independently selected from H, F, and Cl. The catalyst includes pyridine and triethylamine, and the solvent is dichloromethane or chloroform. Argon gas is passed through for 10–20 minutes. Reflux time is 10–20 hours.

[0037] Preferably, in step (b), the organic solvent includes ethanol, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane. The stirring temperature is 40–50°C, the stirring time is 2–5 hours, and the mass percentage concentration of the compound 3 solution is 2%–5%, with a drying time of 2–5 hours.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Please see Figure 3-4 In step (a), the X of compound 2 is F. The X of compound 3 is F. The catalyst is pyridine, the solvent is chloroform, the argon gas purging time is 20 minutes, and the reflux time is 10 hours. In step (b), the organic solvent is chloroform, the stirring temperature is 40°C, the stirring time is 2 hours, wherein the mass percentage concentration of the compound 3 solution is 3%, and the drying time is 2 hours. Based on this evaporator, the highest photothermal conversion temperature under standard sunlight reaches 84.7°C, the photothermal conversion efficiency reaches 91.7%, and the solar seawater desalination rate is 1.62 kg m³. -2 h -1 .

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Please see Figure 5-6 In step (a), the X of compound 2 is H. The X of compound 3 is H. The catalyst is pyridine, the solvent is chloroform, the argon gas purging time is 20 minutes, and the reflux time is 10 hours. In step (b), the organic solvent is chloroform, the stirring temperature is 40°C, the stirring time is 2 hours, wherein the mass percentage concentration of the compound 3 solution is 3%, and the drying time is 2 hours. Based on this evaporator, the highest photothermal conversion temperature under standard sunlight reaches 79.1°C, the photothermal conversion efficiency reaches 76.5%, and the solar seawater desalination rate is 1.32 kg m³. -2 h -1 .

[0042] The seawater desalination evaporator prepared by the above method has at least one of the following advantages:

[0043] The synthesis method of photothermal materials is simple and low-cost; the price of the support is low and the evaporator preparation process is simple; it saves materials, requiring only 10 grams of photothermal material per square meter to achieve optimal photothermal conversion efficiency and water evaporation rate; the three-dimensional structure of the evaporator effectively improves light capture capability; the suspension protection mechanism under the water surface can maintain the evaporator's long-term salt resistance and the photothermal material's oxidation resistance.

[0044] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0045] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-harvesting and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (a) Synthesis of small-molecule photothermal materials in seawater desalination evaporators: Organic small molecule compound 3 was synthesized by organic synthesis. Compound 1, compound 2, catalyst and solvent were added to a reaction vessel, argon gas was introduced, and then the mixture was refluxed at 65°C. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction product was poured into 200 mL of methanol and filtered. The precipitate was separated by silica gel chromatography to obtain a black solid, which is the organic conjugated small molecule material of compound 3. (b) Take three milligrams of compound 3 obtained from (a) and add it to an organic solvent. Stir and dissolve it completely to obtain a solution of compound 3. Drop the solution of compound 3 onto a three-dimensional porous wood pulp sponge matrix of three square centimeters and dry it naturally in a fume hood to remove the organic solvent. This will give you a photothermal evaporator. Place the evaporator in water to obtain an evaporator with a suspension protection mechanism. In step (a), each X in compound 2 is independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, and I; each X in compound 3 is independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, and I; the catalyst is one of pyridine, piperidine, triethylamine, and diethylamine; and the solvent is one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, and chloroform. The organic solvent in step (b) is one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane; in, Compound 1: Its structural formula is as follows: Compound 2: Its structural formula is as follows: Compound 3: Its structural formula is as follows:

2. The method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-harvesting and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (a), the silica gel column used for precipitation is 200-300 mesh silica gel, and the eluent is petroleum ether / dichloromethane with a volume ratio of 1:

2.

3. The method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-harvesting and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (a), the argon gas is introduced for 5 to 50 minutes and the reflux time is 5 to 50 hours.

4. The method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-harvesting and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (b), the stirring temperature is 30–80°C, the stirring time is 1–50 hours, the mass percentage concentration of the compound 3 solution is 1%–30%, and the drying time is 1–50 hours.

5. The method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-trapping and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (a), each X of compound 2 is independently selected from H, F, and Cl; each X of compound 3 is independently selected from H, F, and Cl; the catalyst is pyridine or triethylamine; and the solvent is dichloromethane or chloroform.

6. The method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-harvesting and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (a), the argon gas is introduced for 10 to 20 minutes and the reflux time is 10 to 20 hours.

7. The method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-harvesting and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (b), the organic solvent is one of ethanol, dichloromethane, and trichloromethane.

8. The method for preparing a seawater desalination evaporator based on an organic three-dimensional light-harvesting and biomimetic suspension protection mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (b), the stirring temperature is 40-50°C, the stirring time is 2-5 hours, the mass percentage concentration of the compound 3 solution is 2%-5%, and the drying time is 2-5 hours.

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