A testing device and method for thermal performance of an ORC system condenser

Abstract

The present application relates to heat exchanger performance testing technical field, specifically to a kind of ORC system condenser thermal performance testing device and testing method.The ORC system includes condenser to be measured, working medium storage tank, cooling water tank;From working medium storage tank side, working medium inlet pipeline is sequentially provided with evaporator and pressure regulating valve;Cooling water tank is connected with the cooling system of working medium storage tank by cold water main, and test water circulating pump is arranged on cold water inlet pipeline, and between test water circulating pump and condenser to be measured, cold water inlet pipeline is also connected with the cooling system of working medium storage tank by cold water branch;Cold water inlet pipeline and cold water branch are respectively provided with cut-off valve for adjusting the flow direction of cold water, and working medium storage tank is connected with pressure regulating system, and evaporator is connected with heat regulating system.The testing device provided by the present application can carry out wide-range, multi-condition ORC condenser testing work, and can meet the thermal performance testing requirements of condenser in ORC system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchanger performance testing technology, specifically to a testing device and method for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser. Background Technology

[0002] ORC waste heat recovery technology, using low-boiling-point organic working fluids, can recover and utilize low-grade waste heat resources, making it a key technology and an inevitable choice for further improving the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engines. As the device that enables heat transfer in the ORC system, the condenser's heat exchange efficiency directly determines the overall system efficiency.

[0003] Based on the thermodynamic principles of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), the condensing pressure and pressure drop of the condenser have a significant impact on system efficiency and performance; the system's output power decreases rapidly with increasing condensing pressure. Therefore, ORC system design should aim to minimize the condensing pressure. Conversely, an increased condenser pressure drop directly leads to increased power consumption of the working fluid pump, reducing system efficiency.

[0004] Condenser performance testing provides reliable data support for the development of new heat exchanger products and the determination of the requirements of existing products in the process flow. The testing process requires evaluating the heat exchange performance of the condenser under different condensing pressures, while also enabling testing under adjustable inlet superheat and outlet subcooling conditions. This necessitates that the testing equipment possess a wide-range condensing pressure regulation function and provide stable condensing pressure maintenance capabilities. In particular, current processes require condenser testing to reach kPa (absolute pressure) negative pressure condensing conditions, which further challenges the equipment's condensing pressure regulation and maintenance capabilities.

[0005] Currently, there is a lack of specialized equipment for testing the heat exchange performance of ORC condensers. The only part of the overall performance test of the ORC system that involves condensers is conducted under positive pressure condensation conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a testing device for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A testing device for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser is disclosed. The ORC system includes a condenser under test, a working fluid circulation system containing a working fluid storage tank, and a cooling water circulation system containing a cooling water tank. The condenser under test is connected to the working fluid storage tank via a working fluid inlet pipe and a working fluid outlet pipe to form a working fluid circulation. It is also connected to the cooling water tank via a cold water inlet pipe and a cold water outlet pipe to form a cold water circulation. Starting from the working fluid storage tank side, an evaporator and a pressure regulating valve are sequentially installed on the working fluid inlet pipe. The cooling water tank is connected to the cooling system of the working fluid storage tank via a cold water main. A test water circulation pump is installed on the cold water inlet pipe. Between the test water circulation pump and the condenser under test, the cold water inlet pipe is also connected to the cooling system of the working fluid storage tank via a cold water branch to form a working fluid cooling water circulation. Shut-off valves are installed on the cold water inlet pipe and the cold water branch to regulate the cold water flow direction. The working fluid storage tank is connected to a pressure regulating system, and the evaporator is connected to a heat regulating system.

[0009] Preferably, thermometers are installed at the working fluid inlet, working fluid outlet, cold water inlet, and cold water outlet of the condenser under test; a pressure gauge is installed at the working fluid inlet; a first differential pressure transmitter is installed between the working fluid inlet and the working fluid outlet; and a second differential pressure transmitter is installed between the cold water inlet and the cold water outlet.

[0010] Preferably, the cooling water circulation system further includes a water-cooled unit, which is connected to a cooling water tank to provide the required cooling capacity. A cooling water circulation pump is installed between the water-cooled unit and the cooling water tank, and a cooling water thermometer is connected to the cooling water tank.

[0011] Preferably, the heat regulation system includes an electric heater connected to the hot side of the evaporator, which heats the working fluid on the hot side of the evaporator and then exchanges heat with the working fluid passing through the cold side of the evaporator.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure regulating system includes a pressure diaphragm tank connected to the working fluid storage tank. The pressure diaphragm tank is connected to a vacuum pump for pressurization and a nitrogen cylinder group for depressurization. A shut-off valve is also provided between the pressure diaphragm tank and the vacuum pump and the nitrogen cylinder group. The pressure of the pressure diaphragm tank is regulated by switching the shut-off valves on and off, thereby regulating the pressure of the working fluid storage tank.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure diaphragm tank is provided with a variable-volume bladder, which divides the interior of the pressure diaphragm tank into an inner space and an outer space. The vacuum pump and nitrogen cylinder group are both connected to the inner space, and the working fluid inlet pipeline is connected in series with the working fluid storage tank and the outer space of the pressure diaphragm tank. The pressure of the working fluid storage tank is controlled by adjusting the shut-off valve to control the volume of the bladder.

[0014] Preferably, a working fluid pump and a first flow meter are installed between the working fluid storage tank and the evaporator on the working fluid inlet pipeline, and a working fluid pressure gauge and a working fluid temperature gauge are installed at the cold side outlet of the evaporator, i.e., the working fluid outlet.

[0015] Preferably, the cooling system of the working fluid storage tank is a water-cooled coil installed on the working fluid storage tank, and cooling water enters the water-cooled coil to cool the working fluid in the working fluid storage tank.

[0016] Preferably, the working fluid storage tank is also equipped with a storage tank pressure gauge and a storage tank temperature gauge, and the cooling water inlet of the condenser to be tested is also equipped with a second flow meter.

[0017] This invention also provides a test method for the test apparatus of the ORC system condenser thermal performance as described above, the method being:

[0018] s1. Based on the operating conditions of the condenser under test, confirm the pressure and temperature of the working fluid, as well as the pressure and temperature of the condensate, required for the test;

[0019] s2. Perform the following adjustments in the system:

[0020] Working fluid regulation: Adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating valve controls the evaporator outlet pressure, adjusting the power of the electric heater and the superheat of the working fluid at the cold side outlet of the evaporator, and adjusting the frequency of the working fluid pump controls the working fluid flow rate, thereby controlling the working fluid inlet temperature and flow rate of the condenser under test; adjusting the working fluid storage tank pressure through the pressure regulating system controls the regulation of the condensing pressure at the working fluid outlet of the condenser under test.

[0021] Cooling water regulation: Adjust the cooling capacity of the water-cooled unit to control the cooling water temperature at the inlet of the condenser under test; adjust the frequency of the cooling water circulation pump to control the subcooling at the outlet of the working fluid of the condenser under test.

[0022] Working fluid regulation: Adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating valve controls the evaporator outlet pressure, adjusting the power of the electric heater controls the superheat of the working fluid at the cold side outlet of the evaporator, and adjusting the frequency of the working fluid pump controls the working fluid flow rate, thereby controlling the working fluid inlet temperature and flow rate of the condenser under test; adjusting the working fluid storage tank pressure through the pressure regulating system, thereby achieving the regulation of the condensing pressure at the working fluid outlet of the condenser under test.

[0023] s3. After all parameters reach the required operating conditions and operate stably, record the values ​​of each parameter to complete the test.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] (1) This invention fulfills the thermal performance testing requirements of the condenser in the ORC system. The testing device provided can perform ORC condenser testing in a wide range and under multiple operating conditions. The working fluid condensation pressure can be adjusted and maintained stably between negative and positive pressure.

[0026] (2) Compared with the pressure regulation method of directly filling the working medium storage tank with inert gas, the test device provided by the present invention regulates the pressure through the form of a pressure diaphragm tank. The working medium does not come into contact with other media, thus avoiding the problem of working medium leakage and the problem of non-condensable gas in the system. The presence of non-condensable gas will directly affect the accuracy of condenser test.

[0027] (3) This invention adopts a pressure regulating valve linked to an electric heater cascade control method, which can realize the wide range of adjustable superheat of the working fluid at the condenser inlet for testing, reducing the difficulty of evaporator process design. A single evaporator with a limited heat exchange area cannot accurately control the superheat of the working fluid outlet under numerous test conditions, and the superheat of the outlet of ordinary evaporators is generally not too high, which cannot meet the ultra-high superheat test conditions required by the test. This invention uses a two-stage control mode of adjusting the heating power and adjusting the valve opening. First, the evaporator evaporation pressure is increased to heat the working fluid to the specified high temperature condition, and then the pressure is reduced to the test requirement, with a slight temperature drop, thereby realizing the high superheat test requirement of the working fluid at the condenser inlet.

[0028] (4) The present invention uses a circulating water cooling coil outside the working medium storage tank, which can accelerate the filling rate of the working medium during the system filling stage and pre-cool the working medium in the working medium storage tank during the daily storage and test preparation stages. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ORC system condenser thermal performance testing device of the present invention.

[0030] The meanings of the symbols marked in the figure are as follows:

[0031] 10 - Condenser under test; 10a - Chilled water main circuit; 10b - Chilled water branch circuit

[0032] 20-Working medium storage tank; 20a-Working medium inlet pipe; 20b-Working medium outlet pipe; 21-Water cooling coil; 22-Working medium pump; 23-First flow meter; 24-Storage tank pressure gauge; 25-Storage tank thermometer

[0033] 30-Cooling water tank; 30a-Cold water inlet pipe; 30b-Cold water outlet pipe; 31-Test water circulation pump; 32-Water-cooled unit; 33-Cooling water circulation pump; 34-Cooling water thermometer; 35-Second flow meter

[0034] 40-Evaporator 41-Electric heater 42-Working fluid pressure gauge 43-Working fluid thermometer

[0035] 50 - Pressure regulating valve; 51 - Pressure gauge; 60 - Shut-off valve; 70 - Thermometer

[0036] 81-First differential pressure transmitter 82-Second differential pressure transmitter

[0037] 90-Pressure diaphragm tank; 91-Nitrogen cylinder assembly; 92-Vacuum pump Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a testing device for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser is disclosed. The ORC system includes a condenser 10 to be tested, a working fluid circulation system containing a working fluid storage tank 20, and a cooling water circulation system containing a cooling water tank 30. The condenser 10 to be tested is connected to the working fluid storage tank 20 through a working fluid inlet pipe 20a and a working fluid outlet pipe 20b to form a working fluid circulation; and is connected to the cooling water tank 30 through a cold water inlet pipe 30a and a cold water outlet pipe 30b to form a cold water circulation.

[0040] Starting from the working medium storage tank 20, a working medium pump 22, an evaporator 40 and a pressure regulating valve 50 are sequentially installed on the working medium inlet pipe 20a, and a test water circulation pump 31 is installed on the cold water inlet pipe 30a.

[0041] Define the connection points of the condenser 10 under test to the working fluid inlet pipe 20a and the working fluid outlet pipe 20b as the working fluid inlet and working fluid outlet, respectively, and the connection points to the cold water inlet pipe 30a and the cold water outlet pipe 30b as the cold water inlet and cold water outlet, respectively.

[0042] The complete process of the working fluid circulation in this device is as follows: the working fluid for testing flows out of the working fluid storage tank 20 in liquid form through the working fluid inlet pipe 20a, and is then powered by the working fluid pump 22 to enter the evaporator 40 for vaporization and superheating. It then flows through the pressure regulating valve 50 in high-pressure gaseous form to reduce the pressure to the specified operating condition, and then enters the condenser 10 under test through the working fluid inlet. After flowing out of the working fluid outlet, the medium is cooled back to liquid form in the working fluid outlet pipe 20b and returns to the working fluid storage tank 20, completing the entire working fluid circulation.

[0043] The complete process of cold water circulation is as follows: the cooling water in the cooling water tank 30 flows out from the cold water inlet pipe 30a, and is powered by the test water circulation pump 31. It enters the condenser under test 10 through the cold water inlet, exchanges heat with the working fluid, and then flows out through the cold water outlet. It returns to the cooling water tank 30 through the cold water outlet pipe 30b, thus completing the entire test cooling water circulation.

[0044] The cooling water circulation system also includes a water-cooled unit 32, which is connected to a cooling water tank 30 to provide the required cooling capacity of the cooling water in the tank. A cooling water circulation pump 33 is installed between the water-cooled unit 32 and the cooling water tank 30. A cooling water thermometer 34 is connected to the cooling water tank 30.

[0045] Depending on the test requirements, the cooling water tank 30 can also be set up with hot and cold zones to ensure stable temperature during cooling water circulation.

[0046] The working fluid storage tank 20 has a cooling system, which is a water-cooled coil 21 installed on the working fluid storage tank 20. The cooling water tank 30 is connected to the water-cooled coil 21 through a cold water main line 10a. Between the test water circulation pump 31 and the condenser under test 10, the cold water inlet pipe 30a is also connected to the water-cooled coil 21 through a cold water branch line 10b. The cooling water forms a working fluid cooling water circulation with the water-cooled coil 21 through the cold water main line 10a and the cold water branch line 10b. The cooling water enters the water-cooled coil 23, thereby cooling the working fluid in the working fluid storage tank 20.

[0047] Furthermore, shut-off valves 60 are respectively installed on the cold water inlet pipe 30a and the cold water branch pipe 10b to regulate the flow direction of the cooling water after it exits the water tank.

[0048] To regulate the pressure of the test working medium, the working medium storage tank 20 is connected to a pressure regulating system. The pressure regulating system includes a pressure diaphragm tank 90 connected to the working medium storage tank 20. The pressure diaphragm tank 90 is connected to a nitrogen cylinder group 91 for pressurization and a vacuum pump 92 for depressurization. A shut-off valve 60 is also installed between the pressure diaphragm tank 90 and the nitrogen cylinder group 91 and the vacuum pump 92, respectively. The pressure of the pressure diaphragm tank 90 is regulated by switching the shut-off valves 60 on and off, thereby regulating the pressure of the working medium storage tank 20.

[0049] In one embodiment, the pressure diaphragm tank 90 has a variable-volume bladder structure inside, dividing the interior of the pressure diaphragm tank 90 into an inner and outer space. The vacuum pump 92 and nitrogen cylinder group 91 are connected to the inner space of the pressure diaphragm tank 90, and the working fluid inlet pipe 20a is connected in series with the working fluid storage tank 20 and the outer space of the pressure diaphragm tank 90. ​​The volume of the bladder can be controlled by adjusting the shut-off valve 60, thereby controlling the pressure of the working fluid storage tank 20. This adjustment method avoids the direct filling of the working fluid storage tank 20 with inert gas, prevents the working fluid from contacting other media, avoids working fluid leakage and the presence of non-condensable gases in the system, and avoids potential measurement errors.

[0050] Because a single evaporator, with its limited heat exchange area, cannot accurately control the superheat of the working fluid outlet under numerous test conditions, and cannot meet the requirements of ultra-high superheat test conditions, the evaporator 40 in this device is also connected to a heat regulation system. The heat regulation system includes an electric heater 41 connected to the hot side of the evaporator 40. The electric heater 41 heats the working fluid on the hot side of the evaporator 40 and then exchanges heat with the working fluid passing through the cold side of the evaporator 40. By first increasing the evaporation pressure of the evaporator 40 through heating, and then reducing the pressure and temperature through the pressure regulating valve 50, precise control of the working fluid superheat is achieved, while simultaneously meeting the temperature requirements for a wide range of working fluid superheat tests, especially for high superheat conditions.

[0051] To facilitate the observation of temperature, pressure, and flow parameters, thermometers 70 are installed at the working fluid inlet, working fluid outlet, cold water inlet, and cold water outlet of the condenser 10 under test. A pressure gauge 51 is installed at the working fluid inlet. A first differential pressure transmitter 81 is installed between the working fluid inlet and outlet, and a second differential pressure transmitter 82 is installed between the cold water inlet and outlet. A first flow meter 23 is also installed on the working fluid inlet pipeline 20a between the working fluid pump 22 and the evaporator 40. A working fluid pressure gauge 42 and a working fluid temperature gauge 43 are installed at the cold side outlet of the evaporator 40, i.e., the working fluid outlet. A tank pressure gauge 24 and a tank temperature gauge 25 are installed on the working fluid storage tank 20, and a second flow meter 35 is also installed at the cooling water inlet of the condenser 10 under test.

[0052] The control method for the above-mentioned ORC system condenser thermal performance testing device is as follows:

[0053] s1. Based on the operating conditions of the condenser under test 10, confirm the pressure and temperature of the working fluid, as well as the pressure and temperature of the condensate, required for the test;

[0054] s2. Perform the following adjustments in the system:

[0055] Working fluid regulation: Adjusting the opening of pressure regulating valve 50 controls the outlet pressure of evaporator 40, adjusting the power of electric heater 41 controls the superheat of working fluid at the cold side outlet of evaporator 40, and adjusting the frequency of working fluid pump 22 controls the working fluid flow rate, thereby controlling the inlet temperature and flow rate of working fluid in condenser 10 under test; adjusting the pressure of working fluid storage tank 20 through pressure regulating system, thereby achieving the regulation of condensing pressure at the outlet of working fluid in condenser 10 under test;

[0056] Cooling water regulation: Adjust the cooling capacity of the water-cooled unit 32 to control the cooling water temperature at the inlet of the condenser 10 under test; adjust the frequency of the cooling water circulation pump 33 to control the subcooling at the outlet of the working fluid of the condenser 10 under test.

[0057] s3. After all parameters reach the required operating conditions and operate stably, record the values ​​of each parameter to complete the test.

[0058] In a complete test process, the test procedure of this device can be as follows: turn on the water-cooled unit 32 and the cooling water circulation pump 33, monitor the cooling water thermometer 34 until the water temperature in the cooling water tank 30 reaches the specified temperature; then turn on the test water circulation pump 31 and the shut-off valve 60 on the cold water main 10a, and complete the pre-cooling of the working medium in the working medium storage tank 20 through the water-cooled coil 21, so that the working medium reaches the temperature required by the test conditions.

[0059] Monitor the reading of pressure gauge 21 in the storage tank. Normally, the working fluid storage tank 20 is under positive pressure. At this time, the pressure reading of pressure gauge 21 is higher than the specified condensing pressure under operating conditions. Open the shut-off valve 60 on the pipeline of vacuum pump 92. Vacuum pump 92 evacuates air until the pressure reading of pressure gauge 21 reaches the specified condensing pressure value under operating conditions. Then close the shut-off valve 60 and vacuum pump 92. Because the operating conditions require a large subcooling of the working fluid, the internal pressure of the working fluid storage tank 20 is higher than the working fluid temperature relative to the saturated vapor pressure.

[0060] Start the electric heater 41 to preheat the hot-side fluid of the evaporator 40; then start the working fluid pump 22 and open the pressure regulating valve 50 to complete the working fluid pre-circulation.

[0061] Close the shut-off valve 60 on the cold water main line 10a, open the shut-off valve 60 on the cold water inlet line 30a, adjust the frequency of the test water circulation pump 31, and complete the control of the working fluid outlet temperature of the condenser 10 under test. Gradually reduce the opening of the pressure regulating valve 50 until the reading of the pressure gauge 51 reaches the required operating condition. Adjust the power of the electric heater 41 until the reading of the thermometer 70 at the working fluid inlet reaches the working fluid inlet temperature of the condenser under test required by the test. Adjust the frequency of the working fluid pump 22 until the reading of the first flow meter 23 reaches the working fluid flow rate required by the test.

[0062] Record the test data. The pressure gauge 51 shows the working fluid inlet pressure of the condenser 10 under test. The first differential pressure transmitter 81 shows the working fluid side pressure drop of the condenser 10 under test. The thermometer 70 measures the working fluid inlet and outlet temperatures, and the cooling water inlet and outlet temperatures of the condenser 10 under test. The first flow meter 23 shows the working fluid flow rate of the condenser 10 under test. The second differential pressure transmitter 82 shows the cooling water side pressure drop of the condenser 10 under test. The second flow meter 35 shows the test water flow rate of the condenser 10 under test.

[0063] Using the parameters and working fluid enthalpy obtained above, the heat exchange on both sides of the condenser under test can be calculated based on the enthalpy difference and flow rate, and the overall heat transfer coefficient and other thermal performance can be calculated based on the heat exchange area.

[0064] In this system, special attention should be paid to the following: during actual testing, the working fluid outlet pipe 20b connected to the condenser 10 under test should be straight with few bends and its height should be higher than the liquid level in the working fluid storage tank 20; the installation height of the working fluid storage tank 20 should be higher than the inlet height of the working fluid pump 22 to ensure that cavitation does not occur at the inlet of the working fluid pump 22. The specific height difference can be determined according to the type of working fluid being tested.

[0065] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing device for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser, the ORC system comprising a condenser under test (10), a working fluid circulation system including a working fluid storage tank (20), and a cooling water circulation system including a cooling water tank (30), wherein the condenser under test (10) is connected to the working fluid storage tank (20) via a working fluid inlet pipe (20a) and a working fluid outlet pipe (20b) to form a working fluid circulation; and is connected to the cooling water tank (30) via a cold water inlet pipe (30a) and a cold water outlet pipe (30b) to form a cold water circulation; and, starting from the working fluid storage tank (20), an evaporator (40) and a pressure regulating valve (50) are sequentially arranged on the working fluid inlet pipe (20a); characterized in that, The cooling water tank (30) is connected to the cooling system of the working fluid storage tank (20) through the cold water main (10a). A test water circulation pump (31) is installed on the cold water inlet pipe (30a). Between the test water circulation pump (31) and the condenser (10) to be tested, the cold water inlet pipe (30a) is also connected to the cooling system of the working fluid storage tank (20) through the cold water branch (10b) to form a working fluid cooling water circulation. The cold water inlet pipe (30a) and the cold water branch (10b) are respectively equipped with shut-off valves (60) to regulate the flow direction of cold water. The working fluid storage tank (20) is connected to the pressure regulation system, and the evaporator (40) is connected to the heat regulation system. The cooling water circulation system also includes a water chiller (32), which is connected to a cooling water tank (30) to provide the required cooling capacity of the cooling water. A cooling water circulation pump (33) is installed between the water chiller (32) and the cooling water tank (30), and a cooling water thermometer (34) is connected to the cooling water tank (30). The heat regulation system includes an electric heater (41) connected to the hot side of the evaporator (40). The hot fluid on the hot side of the evaporator (40) is heated by the electric heater (41) and then exchanges heat with the working fluid on the cold side of the evaporator (40). The pressure regulating system includes a pressure diaphragm tank (90) connected to the working medium storage tank (20). The pressure diaphragm tank (90) is connected to a nitrogen cylinder group (91) for pressurization and a vacuum pump (92) for depressurization. A shut-off valve (60) is also provided between the pressure diaphragm tank (90) and the nitrogen cylinder group (91) and the vacuum pump (92). The pressure of the pressure diaphragm tank (90) is regulated by switching the shut-off valve (60), thereby regulating the pressure of the working medium storage tank (20). The cooling system of the working medium storage tank (20) is a water-cooled coil (21) installed on the working medium storage tank (20). Cooling water enters the water-cooled coil (21) to cool the working medium in the working medium storage tank (20).

2. The testing apparatus for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The working fluid inlet, working fluid outlet, cold water inlet and cold water outlet of the condenser (10) to be tested are all equipped with thermometers (70), pressure gauges (51) are installed at the working fluid inlet, a first differential pressure transmitter (81) is installed between the working fluid inlet and the working fluid outlet, and a second differential pressure transmitter (82) is installed between the cold water inlet and the cold water outlet.

3. The testing apparatus for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure diaphragm tank (90) is equipped with a variable-volume bladder, which divides the interior of the pressure diaphragm tank (90) into an inner space and an outer space. The vacuum pump (92) and the nitrogen cylinder group (91) are both connected to the inner space. The working fluid inlet pipeline (20a) is connected in series with the working fluid storage tank (20) and the outer space of the pressure diaphragm tank (90). The pressure of the working fluid storage tank (20) is controlled by adjusting the shut-off valve (60) to control the volume of the bladder.

4. The testing apparatus for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, On the working fluid inlet pipeline (20a), a working fluid pump (22) and a first flow meter (23) are installed between the working fluid storage tank (20) and the evaporator (40). A working fluid pressure gauge (42) and a working fluid temperature gauge (43) are installed at the cold side outlet of the evaporator (40), i.e. the working fluid outlet. A pressure gauge is also installed between the pressure regulating valve (50) and the working fluid inlet of the condenser (10) to be tested.

5. The testing apparatus for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The working fluid storage tank (20) is also equipped with a storage tank pressure gauge (24) and a storage tank thermometer (25), and the cooling water inlet of the condenser (10) to be tested is also equipped with a second flow meter (35).

6. A test method for a test apparatus for the thermal performance of an ORC system condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method is as follows: s1. Based on the operating conditions of the condenser (10) to be tested, confirm the pressure and temperature of the working fluid required in the test, as well as the pressure and temperature of the condensate; s2. Perform the following adjustments in the system: Cooling water regulation: Adjust the cooling capacity of the water-cooled unit (32) to control the cooling water temperature at the inlet of the condenser (10) under test; adjust the frequency of the cooling water circulation pump (33) to control the subcooling of the working fluid outlet of the condenser (10) under test; Working fluid regulation: Adjusting the opening of the pressure regulating valve (50) controls the outlet pressure of the evaporator (40), adjusting the power of the electric heater (41) controls the superheat of the working fluid at the cold side outlet of the evaporator (40), and adjusting the frequency of the working fluid pump (22) controls the flow rate of the working fluid, thereby controlling the inlet temperature and flow rate of the working fluid in the condenser (10) under test; adjusting the pressure of the working fluid storage tank (20) through the pressure regulating system, thereby realizing the regulation of the condensing pressure at the outlet of the working fluid in the condenser (10) under test; s3. After all parameters reach the required operating conditions and operate stably, record the values ​​of each parameter to complete the test.

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