An oily sludge desorption and separation equipment based on multi-field coupling

Abstract

The present invention provides an oily sludge desorption and separation device based on multi-field coupling, which couples the shear field and the electrostatic field, and is integrated with the cyclone field in the same treatment tank equipment. It has a simple structure and no wearing parts, can realize continuous operation and large-scale processing capacity of oily sludge desorption and separation, improve separation efficiency, fully treat the oily sludge, and thus realize the reduction and resource utilization of oily sludge; it includes a vertical cylindrical outer tank body, the bottom of the outer tank body is open, and the lower position of the outer tank body is nested with an inner tank body, and an annular flow gap is formed between the outer wall surface of the inner tank body and the inner wall surface of the outer tank body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of petrochemical equipment, oily sludge dehydration, oil-water purification and environmental protection equipment, and particularly relates to an oily sludge desorption and separation device based on multi-field coupling. Background Art

[0002] Existing methods for separating oily sludge have numerous drawbacks. Gravity settling and inertial separation methods require large initial investments and require extensive equipment floor space. Solvent extraction technology requires large and expensive extractants, has limited processing capacity, and is difficult to scale up. Residues remain after extraction, leading to secondary pollution. Biological treatment methods are complex and expensive, require complex treatment conditions, and require long cycles, which can easily cause soil and water pollution. Even though centrifugal separation methods can achieve continuous production, they place high demands on the equipment structure and can only achieve high separation efficiency when operated within their designed operating conditions. Therefore, developing oily sludge desorption and separation equipment that can intensively process, operate continuously, and handle large volumes is crucial.

[0003] Multi-field coupling refers to the phenomenon caused by the interaction of two or more fields within a system. It is widely present in nature and in electromechanical products. This method has promising application prospects, and multi-field coupling is increasingly being demonstrated in electromechanical products such as relays, micro-electromechanical systems, engines, gas turbines, and pressure vessels.

[0004] Currently, multi-field coupling is widely used in industries such as the power industry and metalworking. However, this method can also achieve material desorption and liquid-solid separation. Therefore, the present invention aims to combine the application of multi-field coupling technology in the field of oily sludge treatment to achieve a thorough treatment of oily sludge desorption, sedimentation, and separation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above-mentioned invention objectives, the present invention provides an oily sludge desorption and separation equipment based on multi-field coupling, which couples the shear field and the electrostatic field, and is integrated with the cyclone field in the same treatment tank equipment. It has a simple structure and no wearing parts. It can realize continuous operation and large-scale processing capacity of oily sludge desorption and separation, improve separation efficiency, fully treat oily sludge, and thus achieve oily sludge reduction and resource utilization.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an oily sludge desorption and separation equipment based on multi-field coupling, comprising a vertical cylindrical outer tank body, the bottom of the outer tank body is open, and an inner tank body is nested in the lower position of the outer tank body, and an annular flow gap is formed between the outer wall surface of the inner tank body and the inner wall surface of the outer tank body.

[0007] A fluid distributor is provided at the bottom opening of the built-in tank body, and straight-plate electrodes are provided on two mutually opposing side surfaces of the main body portion of the built-in tank body above the fluid distributor. The straight-plate electrodes on both sides form an electrostatic field within the built-in tank body, and a plurality of baffles are provided within the main body portion. The plurality of baffles are staggered up and down to form a shear field and a baffled passage between the straight-plate electrodes on both sides.

[0008] A guide tube is fixedly installed inside the outer tank body and above the upper opening of the built-in tank body. The guide tube is a vertical cylindrical shell structure, and a guide vane for generating vortex is provided at its lower inlet. The upper outlet is connected to the interior of the outer tank body; the upper end of the side wall of the outer tank body is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator through a pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, a trumpet-shaped deflector cover is provided below the deflector tube, the small-diameter end of the deflector cover is fixed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the deflector tube, and the large-diameter end of the deflector cover is covered above the upper opening of the built-in tank body.

[0010] In other embodiments, the guide tube includes multiple guide tubes arranged side by side, and a guide cover is fixedly installed on the lower end periphery of the overall contour of the multiple guide tubes. The guide cover has a trumpet-shaped contour, and the large-diameter end cover of the guide cover opens to the upper part of the built-in tank body.

[0011] In order to cooperate with the flow collecting and guiding function of the guide cover, a baffle is fixedly installed above the main part of the built-in tank body. The baffle makes the inner diameter of the built-in tank body gradually decrease from the main part toward the upper opening of the built-in tank body, preventing a large amount of concentrated liquid flowing downward from the upper part of the guide tube from flowing back and re-entering the guide tube.

[0012] Preferably, the multiple baffles include a middle baffle and side baffles. The side baffles on both sides are arranged horizontally relative to each other, and the adjacent ends of the two are not connected. The middle baffle blocks the middle gap between the two side baffles. The middle baffle and side baffles are stacked in sequence to form a baffle passage.

[0013] In terms of the contour shape of the outer tank body, a tapered section is provided near the bottom, and a second tapered section is provided near the upper end. Specifically, a tapered section with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom is provided at the lower end of the outer tank body near the bottom opening, and the lower end of the main body of the built-in tank body is also fixedly connected to a tapered section with a diameter gradually decreasing, and the shape of the tapered section is matched with the outer tank body's tapered section; wherein the inner diameter of the second tapered section also gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0014] Furthermore, the main body of the built-in tank body is a cylindrical shell structure or a four-frame structure, and the baffle is a cone fixedly connected above the main body, or the baffle is four trapezoidal plates spliced ​​together, with the small-diameter opening on the top facing the air guide cover.

[0015] The oily sludge desorption and separation equipment of the present invention is characterized in that the raw material enters from the bottom of the built-in tank in a liquid state, passes through a fluid distributor, and flows upward rapidly, wherein the liquid phase is a continuous phase and the solid phase is a dispersed phase; multi-field coupling is adopted to realize the control of the flow field and the oily sludge desorption process, so that the raw material mixture increases turbulence desorption through the baffle, and then the flow direction is controlled by the guide vane to generate a velocity gradient field in the vortex field in the guide cylinder, thereby generating particle rotation to realize desorption, and a concentrated liquid with a high solid content rate

[0016] After settling through the second cone section, it enters the annular gap between the inner tank and the outer tank under the guidance of the trumpet-shaped guide cover below the guide cylinder and the baffle above the inner tank, and is finally discharged from the bottom outlet of the outer tank for subsequent treatment.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The special structure of the present invention for treating oily sludge is designed based on multi-field coupling technology, and has the advantages of continuous operation and large processing capacity.

[0019] 2. A baffle is built between the straight-plate electrodes to couple the shear field of the baffle with the electrostatic field of the straight-plate electrodes. The baffle path of the baffle can extend the action time of the electrostatic field.

[0020] 3. The baffle increases the collision probability of the components in the sludge, which has a better effect on the oil that is difficult to remove; the straight plate electrode forms a desorption electrostatic field, which can demulsify the oily sludge, destroy the flocs, release the solid particles during the oil-water separation process, and achieve the desorption of the oily sludge.

[0021] 4. A guide cover with an opening extending outward is set under the guide tube to prevent a large amount of concentrated liquid from flowing back into the guide tube.

[0022] 5. The guide vanes are located in the inner guide tube, and the multiple guide tubes rotate in opposite directions, so that the fluid enters axially and rotates in a direction, thereby achieving control of the flow field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the oily sludge desorption and separation equipment of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure: 1. fluid distributor, 2. built-in tank, 3. baffle, 4. straight plate electrode, 5. baffle, 6. guide vane, 7. guide tube, 8. outer tank, 9. cyclone separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments. The same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like to indicate directions or positional relationships are for simplified description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the oily sludge desorption and separation equipment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the external contour structure of the oily sludge desorption and separation equipment based on multi-field coupling of the present invention is a vertical cylindrical structure, including an outer tank body 8, the bottom of the outer tank body 8 is open, and an inlet channel for the oily sludge to be treated is set. The lower position of the outer tank body 8 is nested with an inner tank body 2, and the inner tank body 2 and the outer tank body 8 are gap-matched, that is, an annular flow gap is formed between the outer wall surface of the inner tank body 2 and the inner wall surface of the outer tank body 8, and a fluid distribution is set at the bottom of the inner tank body 2. The device 1 is used for uniformly dispersing the incoming fluid to be treated into an ascending flow. The main part of the built-in tank body 2 is a cylindrical shell structure or a frame structure. The illustrated embodiment shows a schematic diagram of the frame structure. The two opposite side surfaces of the main part of the built-in tank body 2 are set as straight plate electrodes 4, and the main part of the built-in tank body 2 is staggered with multiple baffles 3. The multiple baffles 3 form a baffled passage in the electric field formed by the straight plate electrodes 4, so that the oily sludge is circuitously baffled through the built-in tank body 2, thereby extending the action time of the straight plate electrodes 4.

[0029] See also Figure 1 A swirl separation structure is fixedly installed above the upper outlet of the built-in tank body 2. Specifically, the swirl separation structure is a guide tube 7. A guide vane 6 is provided at the lower inlet of the guide tube 7 to swirl the fluid entering the guide tube 7 and flowing upward. A trumpet-shaped guide cover is also provided below the guide tube 7. The guide cover covers the upper outlet of the built-in tank body 2 to guide the fluid that has been treated by the electric field and flows out of the upper outlet of the built-in tank body 2 into the guide tube 7 for the second stage of swirl field separation. The upper end of the guide tube 7 is open and located inside the outer tank body 8. Furthermore, the guide tube 7 can be provided with multiple guide tubes 7 side by side. The guide vanes 6 at the lower inlet of the multiple guide tubes 7 have the same or inconsistent swirl directions, and the small diameter of the guide cover surrounds the multiple guide tubes 7 inside, so that the rising flow after passing through the built-in tank body 2 enters the multiple guide tubes 7 as evenly as possible.

[0030] In order to cooperate with the drainage function of the air deflector, the upper part of the built-in tank body 2 is formed into a conical outlet through the baffle 5. When the main part of the built-in tank body 2 is a cylindrical shell structure, the baffle 5 can be set as a cone fixedly welded or bolted to the main part, and the small-diameter opening of the cone faces the air deflector; when the main part of the built-in tank body 2 is a frame structure, the baffle 5 can be set as four trapezoidal plates spliced ​​together, with the small-diameter opening at the top facing the air deflector, or the upper half of the baffle 5 is still a cone, and the lower half gradually transitions from a cone-shaped opening to a quadrilateral opening at the lower end, so as to be fixedly connected to the main part of the frame structure.

[0031] Preferably, a conical section with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom is provided at the lower end of the outer tank body 8, and the lower end of the main body of the built-in tank body 2 is also fixedly connected to a conical section with a gradually decreasing diameter to match the shape of the outer tank body 8, so as to guide the heavy phase such as sludge particles settled from above to the bottom outlet of the outer tank body 8 for discharge.

[0032] In the illustrated embodiment, the multiple baffles 3 include a central baffle and side baffles. The side baffles on either side are arranged horizontally opposite each other, with adjacent ends disconnected. The central baffle blocks the gap between the two side baffles. The baffles 3 are stacked sequentially to form a baffled passage. Alternatively, the baffle passage can be formed by stacking the side baffles in a staggered manner.

[0033] The upper portion of the outer tank 8 is also provided with a second tapered section, whose diameter gradually decreases from top to bottom. A cyclone separator 9 is connected to the sidewall of the outer tank 8 above this second tapered section via a pipe. The purpose of this second tapered section is to facilitate the separation of fluid overflowing from the upper end of the guide tube 7 within the expansion space. This allows the less dense oil-water mixture to enter the cyclone separator 9 through the pipe for further processing, while the concentrated liquid, mainly composed of concentrated sludge, is guided downward by the second tapered section to settle.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is described as follows: the oily sludge to be treated enters the fluid distributor 1 through the oil pipe, is evenly dispersed through the fluid distributor 1, and creates a good initial fluidized state. The oily sludge enters the built-in tank 2 evenly and quickly in a vertical direction, and passes through the baffle channel formed by the baffle 3. However, the baffle 3 not only serves the purpose of constructing the baffle channel to extend the action time of the electric field, but also forms a shear field with the help of the baffle 3 to achieve preliminary shearing of the oily sludge; the straight plate electrode 4 generates an electrostatic field, which acts as a desorption electric field and couples with the shear field to achieve oil-water separation, thereby releasing the solid particles. The shear field and the desorption electric field cooperate with each other to achieve The oily sludge is sheared and demulsified; the material further enters the guide vane 6 from the deflector 3, and then enters the guide cylinder 7 tangentially through the guide vane 6 to form a cyclone field. The velocity gradient field inside the cyclone field generates particle rotation, which further realizes the desorption of the oily sludge; the oil-water mixture with a lower density after treatment enters the cyclone separator 9 for post-processing, and the concentrated liquid settles after passing through the second cone section. Under the guidance of the trumpet-shaped guide cover below the guide cylinder and the baffle 5 above the built-in tank body 2, it relies on gravity to enter the annular gap between the built-in tank body 2 and the outer tank body 8, and is finally discharged from the bottom outlet of the outer tank body 8 for subsequent treatment.

[0035] Although the above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make modifications or deformations of various equivalent structures or equivalent processes without creative work, or directly or indirectly apply them to other related technical fields, which are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oily sludge desorption and separation device based on multi-field coupling, characterized in that: The outer tank body comprises a vertical cylindrical outer tank body, the bottom of the outer tank body is open, an inner tank body is nested in the lower part of the outer tank body, and an annular flow gap is formed between the outer wall surface of the inner tank body and the inner wall surface of the outer tank body; A fluid distributor is provided at the bottom opening of the built-in tank body, and straight-plate electrodes are provided on two mutually opposing side surfaces of the main body portion of the built-in tank body above the fluid distributor. The straight-plate electrodes on both sides form an electrostatic field within the built-in tank body, and a plurality of baffles are provided within the main body portion. The plurality of baffles are staggered up and down to form a shear field and a baffled passage between the straight-plate electrodes on both sides. A guide tube is fixedly installed inside the outer tank body and above the upper opening of the inner tank body. The guide tube is a vertical cylindrical shell structure. A guide vane for generating swirl is provided at its lower inlet, and its upper outlet is connected to the interior of the outer tank body. The upper end of the side wall of the outer tank is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator through a pipeline; A baffle is fixedly installed above the main body of the built-in tank body, and the baffle causes the inner diameter of the built-in tank body to gradually decrease from the main body toward the upper opening of the built-in tank body; A trumpet-shaped air guide cover is provided below the air guide tube, the small-diameter end of the air guide cover is fixed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the air guide tube, and the large-diameter end cover of the air guide cover is above the upper opening of the built-in tank body; or, the air guide tube includes multiple air guide covers arranged side by side, and the lower end outer periphery of the overall outline of the multiple air guide tubes is fixedly installed with air guide covers, the air guide covers have a trumpet-shaped outline, and the large-diameter end cover of the air guide covers opens to the upper part of the built-in tank body.

2. The oily sludge desorption and separation equipment according to claim 1 is further characterized in that: The multiple baffles include a middle baffle and side baffles. The side baffles on both sides are arranged horizontally relative to each other, and the adjacent ends of the two are not connected. The middle baffle blocks the middle gap between the two side baffles. The middle baffle and side baffles are stacked in sequence to form a baffle passage.

3. The oily sludge desorption and separation equipment according to claim 1 is further characterized in that: The lower end of the outer tank body near the bottom opening is provided with a tapered section with a gradually decreasing diameter from top to bottom. The lower end of the main body of the built-in tank body is also fixedly connected to a tapered section with a gradually decreasing diameter, and the shape matches the tapered section of the outer tank body.

4. The oily sludge desorption and separation equipment according to claim 1 is further characterized in that: The upper portion of the outer tank body is further formed with a second tapered section with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom.

5. The oily sludge desorption and separation equipment according to claim 1 is further characterized in that: The main body of the built-in tank is a cylindrical shell structure, and the baffle is a cone fixedly connected above the main body.

6. The oily sludge desorption and separation equipment according to claim 1 is further characterized in that: The main body of the built-in tank is a four-frame structure, and the baffle is four trapezoidal plates spliced ​​together, with a small-diameter opening on the top facing the air guide cover.

7. The oily sludge desorption and separation equipment according to claim 1 is further characterized in that: When the guide tubes include a plurality of guide vanes arranged side by side, the swirl generating directions of the guide vanes at the inlets of the lower ends of the plurality of guide tubes are inconsistent with each other.

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