Artificial aggregate planted concrete and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, specifically to an artificial aggregate-based planted concrete and its preparation method. The preparation method includes the following steps: preparing cold-bonded artificial aggregate using waste incineration bottom ash as raw material; dry-mixing the cold-bonded artificial aggregate and cement in a disc granulator; spraying water and a water-reducing agent onto the surface; stirring to obtain an admixture; molding; and then performing water bath curing and carbonation curing to obtain the aforementioned artificial aggregate-based planted concrete. This invention utilizes a disc granulator with cold-bonded artificial aggregate as raw material to prepare planted concrete more suitable for cold-bonded artificial aggregate, effectively improving the bottom sedimentation problem caused by the morphology of artificial aggregate, allowing the cement paste to bond more tightly with the cold-bonded artificial aggregate, ensuring the interconnected porosity of the planted concrete, and improving the plant compatibility of the artificial aggregate-based planted concrete, thereby increasing the feasibility of using artificial aggregate in planted concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, specifically to an artificial aggregate planted concrete and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the rapid development of infrastructure construction, vast amounts of farmland and green spaces are being replaced by concrete buildings, causing serious damage to the ecological environment. With the increasing global awareness of environmental protection, ecological problems such as soil erosion and water pollution are receiving growing attention. To meet the demands of environmentally friendly construction, green concrete has become a focus of the international academic community, with eco-concrete, as an emerging research field, attracting considerable attention.

[0003] Porous ecological concrete (PEC), primarily composed of cement, water, and coarse aggregate, is widely used for reinforcing base courses and slope protection in vegetated areas. Developed countries such as the United States, Australia, and Europe have been advocating for plant-growing concrete since the late 20th century, continuously driving related research and innovation. In 2000, the Japan Concrete Engineering Association proposed the concept of ecological concrete (also known as plant-growing concrete), whose base consists of porous concrete containing special mineral cementitious materials (such as pH-lowering agents and plasticizers). The upper layer is covered with soil, fertilizer, water-retaining agents, and seeds. The interconnected porous honeycomb framework of PEC provides practical solutions for slope stability, soil erosion, and water loss, while meeting the aeration requirements for plant growth. Furthermore, PEC reduces dust, noise, and water seepage, functions as a water purification filter, and also possesses heat storage, temperature and humidity regulation functions, along with environmental and biocompatibility advantages. In recent years, plant-growing concrete has been widely used in road slopes, dams, mine greening, and landfill ecological restoration projects, playing a role in beautifying the environment, conserving soil, and protecting water resources.

[0004] However, the scarcity of natural aggregates has limited the development of artificial aggregates (PECs). Natural aggregates, due to their low water absorption and crushing index, should be ideal for manufacturing PECs, but their limited resources restrict their widespread application. In this context, researchers have begun to explore alternatives to natural aggregates, leading to the increasing maturity and widespread attention given to technologies for manufacturing artificial aggregates from waste and byproducts.

[0005] Cold-bonded granulation technology can stably solidify various waste materials, effectively controlling the release of environmental pollutants. This technology is considered a powerful approach to waste resource recycling. Through cold-bonding technology, powdery or sludge-like waste can be transformed into artificial lightweight aggregates, which are widely used in concrete manufacturing. Especially in the process of recycling fine-grained municipal solid waste, artificial lightweight aggregates (LWA) prepared by cold-bonding technology exhibit excellent compressive strength and durability.

[0006] It is undeniable that the properties of coarse aggregate (size, shape, and distribution) significantly impact the mechanical properties of PEC. Plant roots need to penetrate concrete and enter the soil to obtain nutrients and water, thus requiring sufficient interconnected channels within the concrete. The porosity of PEC is required to be no less than 25%. However, natural aggregates produce flaky aggregates during crushing, resulting in an actual porosity in PEC that is often lower than required. Studies have shown that using blast furnace slag aggregate can increase the total porosity of PEC, suggesting that LWA, as a porous spherical material, holds promise for improving the actual pore structure of PEC and enhancing plant adaptability. Furthermore, LWA itself is a porous material, which is beneficial for moisture retention and temperature regulation within PEC, thereby increasing plant compatibility. These advantages sufficiently demonstrate the considerable potential of LWA in PEC.

[0007] Currently, while some studies have utilized the disc method to prepare planted concrete (LWA) for permeable concrete, research on artificial aggregate planted concrete (AAPEC) is limited. Considering the similarities between permeable concrete and permeable concrete (PEC), including AAPEC in the research scope is significant. However, due to the differences in physical and mechanical properties between natural aggregate (NA) and LWA, traditional methods for preparing natural aggregate planted concrete (NAPEC) are not suitable for AAPEC. In particular, the spherical appearance of LWA makes it difficult for cement paste to uniformly coat the aggregate surface, easily leading to bottom settlement and top aggregate detachment in AAPEC. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop suitable preparation processes and raw material proportions for AAPEC.

[0008] Therefore, existing technologies still need to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a planted concrete with artificial aggregate and its preparation method. By preparing planted concrete that is more suitable for cold bonding of artificial aggregate, the present invention aims to solve the problem that cement paste is difficult to uniformly coat the surface of spherical artificial aggregate during the preparation of planted concrete with artificial aggregate, which easily leads to bottom settlement and upper aggregate detachment.

[0010] Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] This invention provides a method for preparing artificial aggregate planted concrete, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Cold-bonded artificial aggregates were prepared using waste incineration bottom ash as raw material;

[0013] The cold-bonded artificial aggregate and cement are dry-mixed in a disc granulator to obtain a mixture.

[0014] Water and water-reducing agent are sprayed onto the surface of the mixture and stirred to obtain an admixture;

[0015] The admixture is loaded into a mold and shaped, then subjected to water bath curing and carbonization curing to obtain the artificial aggregate planted concrete.

[0016] Optionally, the step of preparing cold-bonded artificial aggregate using waste incineration bottom ash as raw material includes:

[0017] Waste incineration bottom ash, slag, and cement are mixed according to the mass ratio and granulated in a disc granulator to obtain cold-bonded coarse aggregate preforms. After curing and hardening, cold-bonded artificial aggregate is obtained.

[0018] Optionally, the mass ratio of the waste incineration bottom ash, slag, and cement is 4:4:2.

[0019] Optionally, the particle size range of the cold-bonded coarse aggregate blank is 4.75 to 26.5 mm.

[0020] Optionally, the following raw materials are used: 1400-1700 parts of the cold-bonded artificial aggregate, 120-170 parts of the cement, 40-80 parts of the water, and 3-6 parts of the water-reducing agent.

[0021] Optionally, the cold-bonded artificial aggregate has a single-particle compressive strength of 4–6 MPa, a cylinder compressive strength of 10–13 MPa, a water absorption rate of 3%–4%, and a bulk density of 1929–1974 kg / m³. 3 .

[0022] Optionally, the conditions for water bath curing are: a standard curing room temperature of 20–60°C and a relative humidity of 95%.

[0023] Optionally, the carbonization curing conditions are as follows: the volume concentration of carbon dioxide in the carbonization chamber is 20% to 60%, and the relative humidity is 40% to 80%.

[0024] The present invention also provides artificial aggregate planted concrete, which is prepared by the aforementioned method for preparing artificial aggregate planted concrete.

[0025] Optionally, the compressive strength of the vegetation concrete is 4–11 MPa, the total porosity is 33%–43%, the interconnected porosity is 26%–33%, and the sand permeability is 55%–92%.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) In the method for preparing artificial aggregate planted concrete provided by this invention, a disc granulator is used to prepare planted concrete more suitable for cold-bonded artificial aggregate using cold-bonded artificial aggregate as raw material. Under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, the cement paste is uniformly wrapped on the formed artificial aggregate, effectively improving the bottom sedimentation problem caused by the morphology of artificial aggregate, making the cement paste and cold-bonded artificial aggregate more tightly bonded, ensuring the interconnected porosity of the planted concrete, improving the plant compatibility of artificial aggregate planted concrete, and increasing the feasibility of applying cold-bonded artificial aggregate in planted concrete. Due to the porosity of cold-bonded artificial aggregate, the artificial aggregate planted concrete has good water permeability and sand permeability. Carbonation curing effectively improves the alkalinity in the pores of the planted concrete, resulting in a low alkaline pH value, which is conducive to the growth of plants and aquatic organisms.

[0028] (2) The artificial aggregate planted concrete provided by this invention has good compressive strength, durability, workability and porosity after pouring. The plant roots can penetrate deep into the base layer, achieving the dual effect of slope reinforcement and ecological greening. Compared with ordinary concrete, it has advantages in drainage (permeability), stability, resistance to erosion and loss, landscape appearance and ability to improve the natural environment.

[0029] (3) This invention uses waste powder as the initial raw material to prepare planted concrete, which improves the utilization rate of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash and blast furnace granulated slag powder, and reduces production costs. Thus, it can recycle and utilize wastes such as municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash and blast furnace granulated slag powder, which are difficult to comprehensively utilize, as part of the raw materials for cementing materials, thereby reducing production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for preparing artificial aggregate planted concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This invention provides artificial aggregate planted concrete and its preparation method. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention.

[0032] This invention provides a method for preparing artificial aggregate planted concrete, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Prepare cold-bonded artificial aggregates using waste incineration bottom ash as raw material;

[0034] The cold-bonded artificial aggregate and cement are dry-mixed in a disc granulator to obtain a mixture.

[0035] Water and water-reducing agent are sprayed onto the surface of the mixture and stirred to obtain an admixture;

[0036] The admixture is loaded into a mold and shaped, then subjected to water bath curing and carbonization curing to obtain the artificial aggregate planted concrete.

[0037] In the aforementioned method for preparing planted concrete using artificial aggregates, a disc granulator is used to prepare planted concrete more suitable for cold-bonded artificial aggregates. Under the influence of gravity and centrifugal force, the cement paste is uniformly coated onto the formed artificial aggregates, effectively improving the bottom sedimentation problem caused by the morphology of the artificial aggregates. The planted concrete prepared by this method significantly improves the coating of cement paste on the surface of spherical artificial aggregates, allowing the cement paste to bond more tightly with the cold-bonded artificial aggregates, reducing the adverse effects of bottom sedimentation on plant compatibility, ensuring interconnected voids within the concrete, and enhancing the feasibility of using artificial aggregates in planted concrete.

[0038] In some embodiments, the step of preparing cold-bonded artificial aggregate using waste incineration bottom ash as raw material includes:

[0039] Waste incineration bottom ash, slag, and cement are mixed according to the mass ratio and granulated in a disc granulator to obtain cold-bonded coarse aggregate preforms. After curing and hardening, cold-bonded artificial aggregate is obtained.

[0040] Among them, after the cold-bonded coarse aggregate blank is cured in a standard curing room by water bath, the aggregate can be kept moist, so that the hydration of the binder can continue and some inorganic salts and heavy metals in the bottom ash of waste incineration can be leached out, reducing the content in the cold-bonded coarse aggregate.

[0041] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the waste incineration bottom ash, slag, and cement is 4:4:2.

[0042] In some embodiments, the particle size range of the cold-bonded coarse aggregate blank is 4.75 to 26.5 mm.

[0043] In some embodiments, the following raw materials by weight are used: 1400-1700 parts of the cold-bonding artificial aggregate, 120-170 parts of the cement, 40-80 parts of the water, and 3-6 parts of the water-reducing agent. The amount of cement ensures an actual porosity exceeding 25%, meeting the space requirements for plant growth; the water-reducing agent effectively improves compressive strength; and the amount of water ensures the slurry does not accumulate and clog the pores. A higher water-cement ratio makes it easier for the slurry in the vegetated concrete to accumulate, reducing internal interconnected pores and causing greater bottom sedimentation, thus affecting its plant compatibility.

[0044] In some embodiments, the cold-bonded artificial aggregate has a single-particle compressive strength of 4–6 MPa, a cylinder compressive strength of 10–13 MPa, a water absorption rate of 3%–4%, and a bulk density of 1929–1974 kg / m³. 3 .

[0045] In some embodiments, the conditions for water bath curing are: a standard curing room temperature of 20–60°C and a relative humidity of 95%. Water bath curing ensures the basic strength and integrity of the artificial aggregate planted concrete.

[0046] In some embodiments, the carbonization curing conditions are: a carbon dioxide volume concentration of 20% to 60% in the carbonization chamber and a relative humidity of 40% to 80%.

[0047] Carbonation effectively improves the alkalinity within the pores of artificial aggregate planted concrete, lowering the pH value to a low-alkaline state, which is beneficial to the growth of plants and aquatic organisms, thereby increasing plant compatibility.

[0048] This invention also provides an artificial aggregate planted concrete, prepared by the aforementioned method. This artificial aggregate planted concrete, after pouring, has sufficient interconnected voids, a structure resembling rice candy, and exhibits good compressive strength, durability, workability, and porosity.

[0049] Optionally, the compressive strength of the vegetation concrete is 4–11 MPa, the total porosity is 33%–43%, the interconnected porosity is 26%–33%, and the sand permeability is 55%–92%.

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0051] The sources of each raw material in the following specific implementation are as follows: waste incineration bottom ash (Machong Environmental Protection Thermal Power Plant, Dongguan City, China), slag (Antuoshan Concrete Co., Ltd., Shenzhen City, China), and ordinary Portland cement (Conch brand P·O 42.5 ordinary Portland cement, conforming to GB 175-2007).

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Preparation of cold-bonded artificial aggregates

[0054] The bottom ash from waste incineration power plants is collected, placed in a ventilated area to air dry, and then screened to a particle size of less than 2mm.

[0055] Weigh the raw materials: waste incineration bottom ash, slag, and cement in a mass ratio of 4:4:2. The compound composition of each raw material is shown in Table 1. The mixed raw materials are fed into a disc granulator for granulation. After granulation, cold-bonded coarse aggregate pellets of 4.75-26.5 mm are screened. The granulated cold-bonded coarse aggregate pellets are then placed in water at 20±2℃ for curing for 28 days. After hardening, cold-bonded artificial aggregate is obtained.

[0056] Tests showed that the cold-bonded artificial aggregate, after 3 days of curing, had a single-particle crushing strength of 4.5 MPa, a cylinder compressive strength of 10.3 MPa, a water absorption rate of 3.3%, and a bulk density of 1027 kg / m³. 3 The apparent density is 1958 kg / m³. 3 After 28 days of curing, the single-particle crushing strength of the cold-bonded artificial aggregate was 5.9 MPa, the cylinder compressive strength was 13.5 MPa, the water absorption rate was 3.0%, and the bulk density was 1031 kg / m³. 3 The apparent density is 2023 kg / m³. 3 .

[0057] Table 1: Compound composition of raw materials

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Preparation of planted concrete with artificial aggregate

[0061] In this embodiment, the following raw materials are used to prepare artificial aggregate planted concrete: cold-bonded artificial aggregate, silicate cement, and water-reducing agent. The raw material mix ratio is shown in Table 3, where the water-cement ratio is 0.15.

[0062] Table 2. Raw material mix proportions for planted concrete with artificial aggregate (kg / m³) 3 )

[0063]

[0064] The preparation process of the above-mentioned artificial aggregate planted concrete is as follows: The hardened cold-bonded artificial aggregate is removed from the water-curing tank and poured onto a wrung-out damp towel. Holding both ends of the towel to form a trough shape, the aggregate is rolled back and forth on the towel until its surface is no longer reflective. The cold-bonded artificial aggregate and a portion of cement are then dry-mixed in a disc granulator. An appropriate amount of water and water-reducing agent are evenly sprayed onto the surface of the aggregate and cement during the mixing process. When the surface of the mixed admixture has a metallic sheen, it is poured into a mold (100×100×100mm) in three batches, each batch filling one-third of the mold. After each addition, a vibrating table is used to vibrate the concrete to ensure internal compaction. After leveling the surface, the mold surface is sealed with plastic wrap. After 24 hours, the artificial aggregate planted concrete was demolded and placed in a standard curing room (temperature 20±2℃, relative humidity 95%) for water bath curing for 7 days. Then it was placed in a carbonization curing box (CO2 concentration 20±2%, temperature 20±5℃, relative humidity 70±5%) for carbonization curing for 21 days to obtain artificial aggregate planted concrete.

[0065] Performance testing

[0066] First, the artificial aggregate planted concrete was tested, including: compressive strength, porosity, sand permeability, and planting experiment results. The specific testing methods are as follows:

[0067] 1) Compressive strength

[0068] The specimen size was 100mm×100mm×100mm. The compressive strength of the artificial aggregate planted concrete specimens was tested on a compression tester according to GB50081-2002 "Standard for Test Methods of Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete". Three specimens were taken for each example and tested. The arithmetic mean was taken as the compressive strength of the artificial aggregate planted concrete.

[0069] 2) Porosity

[0070] The surface of this planted concrete has many pores. The specific steps for determining its porosity are as follows: The dimensions of a 100×100×100mm structure are measured using the drainage method. 3 The porosity of PEC test cubes was determined, with each group consisting of three specimens. The experimental procedure can be briefly described as follows:

[0071] Measure the dimensions of the specimen after 28 days of curing with a ruler and calculate its volume V (cm²). 3 The specimen was completely immersed in water, and its weight m1 (g) in water was measured when no more bubbles appeared. The specimen was then removed and placed in an oven at 35℃ to air dry until constant weight, and its mass m2 (g) was measured afterward.

[0072] Method for calculating total porosity:

[0073]

[0074] Where, ρ W The density of water (g / cm³) 3 ).

[0075] Test method for connectivity porosity:

[0076]

[0077] M3 is the mass (g) after soaking in water for 24 hours.

[0078] 3) Sand penetration rate

[0079] The sand permeability reflects the pore size of vegetation, and the sand permeability (PS) is determined according to the standard JC / T 2557-2020. The experimental procedure can be briefly described as follows: Ordinary construction sand after washing and drying is selected by sieving, ensuring that the average particle size is 2.36-4.75mm, with each 100g as a group. The specimens after 28 days of curing are taken out and air-dried at a temperature above 20℃ until they are surface dry inside and out. The specimens are placed in the specimen clamp and fixed on a sand and gravel sieve with an aperture greater than 4.75mm. A portion (100g) of pre-sieved standard sand is taken and evenly sprinkled on the surface of the specimen. The sieve, receiving tray and sieve cover with the specimen are clamped and placed on a vibrating sieve machine, and the vibration time is 5min. After the machine is stopped, the sand particles in the receiving tray are weighed, and the percentage of the total mass (100g) of sand particles that can pass through the specimen, M4, is calculated.

[0080] The sand permeability is calculated using the following formula (3):

[0081]

[0082] Each embodiment tested three specimens, and the arithmetic mean of the results was taken as the sand penetration rate of that group of specimens, accurate to 1%.

[0083] 4) Results of the planting experiment

[0084] Fill the bottom layer with 30mm of loess and a small amount of compost, sow rye grass seeds on the soil, and pour the above-mentioned concrete layer on top, with a thickness of 40mm. Water once a day for maintenance, and observe the seed development after seven days.

[0085] The test results of the artificial aggregate planted concrete in this embodiment are as follows:

[0086] Compressive strength: The compressive strength of the standard cubic specimen of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared is 2.30 MPa, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0087] Porosity: The total porosity is 37.50%, and the interconnected porosity is 33.83%, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0088] Sand permeability: The sand permeability is 87.68%, which is more than enough to meet the needs of plant growth.

[0089] The results of the planting experiment showed that ryegrass plants penetrated the soil to absorb nutrients and grew green grass through the concrete layer. The vegetated concrete prepared in this embodiment can meet the requirements for plant growth, with a pH value of 8-10.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the artificial aggregate planted concrete is prepared using the raw material mix ratio shown in Table 3, where the water-cement ratio is 0.18.

[0092] Table 3 Concrete material mix proportions (kg / m³) 3 )

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] The performance of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0096] 1) Compressive strength

[0097] The standard cubic specimen of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared has a compressive strength of 4.60 MPa, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0098] 2) Porosity

[0099] The total porosity is 33.30%, and the interconnected porosity is 30.40%, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0100] 3) Sand penetration rate

[0101] The sand permeability rate is 57.28%, which is more than enough to meet the needs of plant growth.

[0102] 4) Results of the planting experiment

[0103] Ryegrass plants burrow into the soil to absorb nutrients and grow green grass through the concrete layer. The vegetated concrete prepared in this embodiment can meet the requirements for plant growth, with a pH value of 8-10.

[0104] Example 3

[0105] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the artificial aggregate planted concrete is prepared using the raw material mix ratio shown in Table 4, where the water-cement ratio is 0.21.

[0106] Table 4. Concrete mix proportions (kg / m³) 3 )

[0107]

[0108] The performance of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0109] 1) Compressive strength

[0110] The standard cubic specimen of artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 5.17 MPa, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0111] 2) Porosity

[0112] The total porosity is 31.92%, and the interconnected porosity is 28.74%, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0113] 3) Sand penetration rate

[0114] The sand permeability rate is 54.77%, which is more than enough to meet the needs of plant growth.

[0115] 4) Results of the planting experiment

[0116] Ryegrass plants burrow into the soil to absorb nutrients and grow green grass through the concrete layer. The vegetated concrete prepared in this embodiment can meet the requirements for plant growth, with a pH value of 8-10.

[0117] Example 4

[0118] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the artificial aggregate planted concrete is prepared using the raw material mix ratio shown in Table 5, where the target porosity is 26%.

[0119] Table 5 Concrete material mix proportions (kg / m³) 3 )

[0120]

[0121] The performance of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0122] 1) Compressive strength

[0123] The standard cubic specimen of artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 2.49 MPa, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0124] 2) Porosity

[0125] The total porosity is 39.68%, and the interconnected porosity is 38.15%, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0126] 3) Sand penetration rate

[0127] The sand permeability rate is 77.51%, which is more than enough to meet the needs of plant growth.

[0128] 4) Results of the planting experiment

[0129] Ryegrass plants burrow into the soil to absorb nutrients and grow green grass through the concrete layer. The vegetated concrete prepared in this embodiment can meet the requirements for plant growth, with a pH value of 8-10.

[0130] Example 5

[0131] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the artificial aggregate planted concrete is prepared using the raw material mix ratio shown in Table 6, where the target porosity is 26%.

[0132] Table 6. Concrete mix proportions (kg / m³) 3 )

[0133]

[0134] The performance of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0135] 1) Compressive strength

[0136] The standard cubic specimen of artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 3.68 MPa, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0137] 2) Porosity

[0138] The total porosity is 39.14%, and the interconnected porosity is 35.82%, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0139] 3) Sand penetration rate

[0140] The sand permeability rate is 69.72%, which is more than enough to meet the needs of plant growth.

[0141] 4) Results of the planting experiment

[0142] Ryegrass plants burrow into the soil to absorb nutrients and grow green grass through the concrete layer. The vegetated concrete prepared in this embodiment can meet the requirements for plant growth, with a pH value of 8-10.

[0143] Example 6

[0144] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the artificial aggregate planted concrete is prepared using the raw material mix ratio shown in Table 7, where the target porosity is 26%.

[0145] Table 7 Concrete mix proportions (kg / m³) 3 )

[0146]

[0147] The performance of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0148] 1) Compressive strength

[0149] The standard cubic specimen of artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 4.89 MPa, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0150] 2) Porosity

[0151] The total porosity is 39.32%, and the interconnected porosity is 36.30%, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0152] 3) Sand penetration rate

[0153] The sand permeability rate is 63.10%, which is more than enough to meet the needs of plant growth.

[0154] 4) Results of the planting experiment

[0155] Ryegrass plants burrow into the soil to absorb nutrients and grow green grass through the concrete layer. The vegetated concrete prepared in this embodiment can meet the requirements for plant growth, with a pH value of 8-10.

[0156] Example 7

[0157] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the artificial aggregate planted concrete is prepared using the raw material mix proportions shown in Table 8, where the target porosity is 29%.

[0158] Table 8. Concrete mix proportions (kg / m³) 3 )

[0159]

[0160] The performance of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0161] 1) Compressive strength

[0162] The standard cubic specimen of artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 2.42 MPa, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0163] 2) Porosity

[0164] The total porosity is 40.83%, and the interconnected porosity is 37.59%, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0165] 3) Sand penetration rate

[0166] The sand permeability rate is 79.81%, which is more than enough to meet the needs of plant growth.

[0167] 4) Results of the planting experiment

[0168] Ryegrass plants burrow into the soil to absorb nutrients and grow green grass through the concrete layer. The vegetated concrete prepared in this embodiment can meet the requirements for plant growth, with a pH value of 8-10.

[0169] Example 8

[0170] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the artificial aggregate planted concrete is prepared using the raw material mix ratio shown in Table 9, where the target porosity is 29%.

[0171] Table 9 Concrete material mix proportions (kg / m³) 3 )

[0172]

[0173] The performance of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0174] 1) Compressive strength

[0175] The standard cubic specimen of artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 3.45 MPa, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0176] 2) Porosity

[0177] The total porosity is 41.56%, and the interconnected porosity is 38.22%, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0178] 3) Sand penetration rate

[0179] The sand permeability rate is 70.04%, which is more than enough to meet the needs of plant growth.

[0180] 4) Results of the planting experiment

[0181] Ryegrass plants burrow into the soil to absorb nutrients and grow green grass through the concrete layer. The vegetated concrete prepared in this embodiment can meet the requirements for plant growth, with a pH value of 8-10.

[0182] Example 9

[0183] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the artificial aggregate planted concrete is prepared using the raw material mix proportions shown in Table 10, where the target porosity is 29%.

[0184] Table 10 Concrete material mix proportions (kg / m³) 3 )

[0185]

[0186] The performance of the artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0187] 1) Compressive strength

[0188] The standard cubic specimen of artificial aggregate planted concrete prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 3.95 MPa, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0189] 2) Porosity

[0190] The total porosity is 40.64%, and the interconnected porosity is 37.38%, which can meet the needs of plant growth.

[0191] 3) Sand penetration rate

[0192] The sand permeability rate is 64.66%, which is more than enough to meet the needs of plant growth.

[0193] 4) Results of the planting experiment

[0194] Ryegrass plants burrow into the soil to absorb nutrients and grow green grass through the concrete layer. The vegetated concrete prepared in this embodiment can meet the requirements for plant growth, with a pH value of 8-10.

[0195] In Examples 1-9 above, a relatively small target porosity and water-cement ratio were used to investigate their impact on planted concrete. The interconnected porosity of the planted concrete is preferably maintained between 20% and 30%. In the raw material mix design used to prepare artificial aggregate planted concrete, a higher water-cement ratio makes it easier for the concrete to accumulate slurry, reducing its internal interconnected porosity and causing greater bottom sedimentation, which in turn affects its plant compatibility.

[0196] In summary, this invention utilizes a disc granulator with cold-bonded artificial aggregate as raw material to prepare planted concrete more suitable for cold-bonded artificial aggregate. It effectively improves the bottom sedimentation problem caused by the morphology of artificial aggregate. Under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, the cement paste uniformly coats the formed artificial aggregate, resulting in a tighter bond between the cement paste and the cold-bonded artificial aggregate. This ensures the interconnected porosity of the planted concrete, improves its plant compatibility, and increases the feasibility of using cold-bonded artificial aggregate in planted concrete. Simultaneously, the porosity of the cold-bonded artificial aggregate ensures good water and sand permeability in the planted concrete. This increases the feasibility of using artificial aggregate in planted concrete, thereby reducing the demand for natural aggregate and filling a market gap. This brings economic benefits while mitigating the environmental damage caused by natural aggregate mining, thus expanding the application prospects of artificial aggregate in planted concrete.

[0197] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing artificial aggregate planted concrete, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Cold-bonded artificial aggregates were prepared using waste incineration bottom ash as raw material; The cold-bonded artificial aggregate and cement are dry-mixed in a disc granulator to obtain a mixture. Water and water-reducing agent are sprayed onto the surface of the mixture and stirred to obtain an admixture; The admixture is loaded into a mold and shaped, then subjected to water bath curing and carbonation curing to obtain the artificial aggregate planted concrete. The step of preparing cold-bonded artificial aggregate using waste incineration bottom ash as raw material includes: Waste incineration bottom ash, slag and cement are mixed according to the mass ratio, granulated in a disc granulator to obtain cold-bonded coarse aggregate preforms, and after curing, cold-bonded artificial aggregate is obtained. The mass ratio of the waste incineration bottom ash, slag, and cement is 4:4:

2. The particle size range of the cold-bonded coarse aggregate blank is 4.75–26.5 mm; The raw materials used in this agent are as follows by weight: 1400-1700 parts of the cold-bonded artificial aggregate, 120-170 parts of the cement, 40-80 parts of the water, and 3-6 parts of the water-reducing agent. The cold-bonded artificial aggregate has a single-particle compressive strength of 4–6 MPa, a cylinder compressive strength of 10–13 MPa, a water absorption rate of 3%–4%, and a bulk density of 1929–1974 kg / m³. 3 ; The conditions for water bath curing are: temperature of 20-60℃ and relative humidity of 95% in the standard curing room; The carbonization curing conditions are as follows: the volume concentration of carbon dioxide in the carbonization chamber is 20%–60%, and the relative humidity is 40%–80%.

2. A type of artificial aggregate planted concrete, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method for preparing artificial aggregate planted concrete as described in claim 1.

3. The artificial aggregate planted concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that, The artificial aggregate planted concrete has a compressive strength of 4–11 MPa, a total porosity of 33%–43%, a connected porosity of 26%–33%, and a sand permeability of 55%–92%.

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