Device and method for improving stratum fissures in mining areas based on freezing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for improving stratum fissures in mining areas based on a freezing method, comprising a warming box, a mixed flow control mechanism and a spray control mechanism, wherein the mixed flow control mechanism is located at the center of the top of the inner wall of the warming box and is fixedly connected to the warming box, and the spray control mechanism is located at the axis of the inner wall of the mixed flow control mechanism and is fixedly installed with the mixed flow control mechanism; the mixed flow control mechanism comprises a mixed flow neutralizing member, and a mixed flow cavity is opened on the inner wall of the mixed flow neutralizing member; the temperature of the inner space of the warming box is adjusted through an air-cooling outlet by an environmental temperature control system, and when cold air enters the warming box, according to the Coanda effect, the fluid changes its original flow direction to a tendency to flow along the surface of a protruding object, and when the cold air passes through the mixed flow neutralizing member and enters the mixed flow cavity, thrust is formed on the turbine slot, prompting the diverter member to rotate and drive the mixed flow neutralizing member, so as to achieve the effect of cold air flowing in a rotating manner inside the warming box, thereby improving the temperature adjustment effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, and in particular to a device and a method for improving stratum fissures in a mining area based on a freezing method. Background Art

[0002] In mining areas with a wide distribution of mines and many underground mining operations, cracking of the overlying rock (soil) layer is a common mining geological phenomenon. In addition to affecting the safety of surface buildings and causing mining geological disasters such as mudslides and landslides, such cracks also provide channels for rapid infiltration of surface water and shallow soil water. A large number of ground cracks allow coal gangue leachate to infiltrate deep aquifers, which pollutes groundwater and deteriorates the soil's water holding capacity. Overlying vegetation is prone to water shortage, degradation, or even death, which in turn damages the ecological environment of the mining area.

[0003] The existing fissure reconstruction technology is mainly grouting method, which mainly uses air pressure, hydraulic pressure or electrochemical principles to inject certain solidifying slurries into cracks or pores of various media to improve the physical properties of the foundation. This method can increase the stability of the rock mass and prevent the rock mass from further collapse and cracking due to the mining below. Alpine mining areas are often located in remote areas with harsh local climates. The impact on human activities and the environment is mainly reflected in the damage to the local soil, water conservation conditions and other ecological environments. Maintaining the impermeable characteristics of the overlying surrounding rock before cracking, slowing down or blocking the infiltration of topsoil water, improving the water conservation capacity of the mining area, increasing the water content of the overlying soil layer, and improving the vegetation growth environment are the main purposes of fissure reconstruction in alpine mining areas. The traditional grouting method is used to repair the fissures in the overlying surrounding rock, which has a long transportation distance, high cost, high risk of hypoxia in the high cold, low efficiency, and great impact on the environment during construction, which is not conducive to the environmental restoration of the alpine fragile ecological zone. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a device and method for improving stratum fissures in mining areas based on the freezing method, which utilizes the performance of thermal semiconductors in the rock layer to achieve the effect of freezing the fissures, effectively protecting and even reconstructing the permafrost layer, preventing water seepage and soil erosion in the overlying soil layer, thereby improving water conservation capacity and protecting the ecological environment of the high-cold mining area.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses tailings, the main waste in high-cold mining areas, as a block layer covering the surface, and lays a certain thickness of block layer in areas with overburden cracks or permafrost that has been damaged and degraded to reconstruct permafrost. This method has the characteristics of using local materials, being environmentally friendly, and low cost. It can not only realize the resource utilization of tailings, but also will be a useful attempt to solve the problem of groundwater leakage caused by overburden cracks in high-cold mining areas.

[0006] The cooling mechanism of the block rock layer is that it changes with the natural temperature season. The block rock layer can play the role of a "thermal semiconductor", that is, it is relatively conductive in the cold season and relatively insulated in the summer. Its mechanism is that the classic Rayleigh-Bènard (RB) convection occurs inside under different ambient temperature conditions (Cheng Guodong et al., 2007). The present invention lays "gangue blocks" of different shapes and particle sizes in the mining area on the fractured rock layer to form a "thermal secondary tube". Through indoor experiments, numerical simulations, field tests and other methods, the reasonable mixing method, shape, particle size, and laying thickness of the gangue blocks are sought to achieve the optimal "thermal secondary tube" of the gangue layer, which is the technical key of the present invention.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for improving stratum fissures in mining areas based on the freezing method, comprising a warming box, a mixed flow control mechanism and a spray control mechanism, wherein the mixed flow control mechanism is located at the top center of the inner wall of the warming box and is fixedly connected to the warming box, and the spray control mechanism is located at the inner wall axis of the mixed flow control mechanism and is fixedly installed with the mixed flow control mechanism.

[0008] The mixed flow control mechanism includes a mixed flow neutralizing component, the inner wall of which is provided with a mixed flow cavity, a diverter component is fixedly installed at the axis of the mixed flow neutralizing component, the outer wall of which is provided with a turbine groove, and a spray head is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the mixed flow neutralizing component.

[0009] The spray control mechanism includes a water inlet chamber, a control chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water inlet chamber, a water outlet chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the control chamber, a control component is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the control chamber, a fixing piece is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water inlet chamber, a limiting block is fixedly installed at the axis of the fixing piece, a shut-off piece is arranged at the bottom of the limiting block, a buffer component is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shut-off piece, a limiting seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer component, a synchronous limiting column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting seat, and a buffer pad is arranged at the bottom of the shut-off piece.

[0010] The control component includes a shell and an impact member, and the impact member is slidably connected to the shell, a sealing component is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the shell, a low-boiling point liquid is placed on the inner wall of the shell, and the low-boiling point liquid is located between the impact member and the sealing component, an observation port is provided at one end of the shell away from the impact member, the outer wall of the shell is fixedly connected to a fixing seat, the inner wall of the fixing seat is hinged with a toggle member, and the toggle member is movably connected to the limiting seat.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, the direction of air cooling is changed, and the ambient temperature control system adjusts the temperature of the internal space of the warm-keeping box through the air cooling outlet. When the cold air enters the warm-keeping box, when the cold air passes through the mixed flow neutralizer and enters the mixed flow cavity, it forms thrust on the turbine slot, prompting the diverter piece to rotate and drive the mixed flow neutralizer, so as to achieve the effect of rotating flow of cold air inside the warm-keeping box, thereby improving the temperature regulation effect.

[0012] Preferably, a double-opening hand-sliding door is movably connected to the front of the warming box body, and the double-opening hand-sliding door has a handle fixedly installed on the outer wall, and the handle is symmetrically installed on the outer wall of one of the double-opening hand-sliding doors.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the device is portable and the warm-keeping box is sealed by the double-opening hand-sliding door, which is convenient and quick.

[0014] Preferably, an environmental temperature control system is fixedly installed behind the outer wall of the warming box, a data collection system is arranged on the left side of the warming box, and a cold bath circulation system is arranged on the right side of the warming box.

[0015] Through the above technical scheme, a control effect is achieved. The cold bath circulation system is controlled by the environmental temperature control system, and the internal environment of the warm-keeping box is heated and cooled to simulate the ecological environment of the permafrost layer.

[0016] Preferably, a simulation box is arranged at the internal axis of the warming box body, and a connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the simulation box and the data collection system, and there are two connecting pipes, one of which is located between the cold bath circulation system and the simulation box, and an air cooling outlet is opened on the outer wall of the warming box body, and is connected to the ambient temperature control system.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, a transmission function is achieved. The temperature probe and wind speed probe are set up to transmit the numerical changes during the period to the data collection system through the connecting pipe for analysis and processing.

[0018] Preferably, support legs are fixedly connected between the simulation box and the warm-keeping box body, the inner wall of the simulation box is provided with a heat-insulating plate, a cold plate is provided inside the simulation box, small holes are opened on the outer wall of the cold plate, a hollow block stone layer is provided inside the cold plate, and gravel soil is piled up inside the hollow block stone layer.

[0019] Through the above technical scheme, the effect of simulating permafrost is achieved. The tailings, the main waste in high-altitude mining areas, are used as a block stone layer covering the surface. In areas where there are cracks in the overlying rock or permafrost has been destroyed and degraded, a block stone layer of a certain thickness is laid to reconstruct the permafrost. This method has the characteristics of using local materials, being environmentally friendly and low-cost. It can not only realize the resource utilization of tailings, but will also be a useful attempt to solve the problem of groundwater leakage caused by cracks in the overlying rock in high-altitude mining areas.

[0020] Preferably, a temperature probe is provided on the outer wall of the hollow block stone layer, and a wind speed probe is provided on the outer wall of the hollow block stone layer.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the effect of real-time monitoring is achieved. The temperature probe and wind speed probe transmit the numerical changes during the period and the internal wind speed changes to the data collection system through the connecting pipe for analysis and processing.

[0022] The method of improving the stratum fissures in the mining area based on the freezing method comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. Simulate the ecological environment of the frozen soil layer. Open the double-opening hand-sliding door, put the cold plate and the hollow stone layer into the simulation box in turn, then install the temperature probe and the wind speed probe, and finally add tailings such as gravel or coal gangue blocks, and add some surface water, hereinafter referred to as the simulated frozen soil layer. Start the data collection system, the environmental temperature control system and the cold bath circulation system. The cold bath circulation system is controlled by the environmental temperature control system to heat up and cool down the internal environment of the warm-keeping box to simulate the ecological environment of the frozen soil layer. The temperature probe and wind speed probe are set to transmit the numerical changes during the period to the data collection system for analysis and processing.

[0024] S2. Adjust the air cooling direction to perform mixed flow neutralization. The ambient temperature control system adjusts the temperature of the internal space of the warm and curing box through the air cooling outlet. When the cold air enters the warm and curing box, according to the Coanda effect, the fluid changes its original flow direction and tends to flow along the protruding surface of the object; when there is surface friction between the fluid and the surface of the object it flows through, as long as the curvature is not large, the fluid will flow along the surface of the object. According to Newton's third law, if the object applies a deflection force to the fluid, the fluid must also apply a reverse deflection force to the object. When the cold air passes through the mixed flow neutralizer and enters the mixed flow cavity, it forms a thrust on the turbine slot, prompting the diverter to rotate and drive the mixed flow neutralizer, so as to achieve the effect of rotational flow of the cold air inside the warm and curing box, thereby improving the temperature regulation effect, and then enters the interior of the warm and curing box through the turbine slot, flows to the ambient temperature control system to cool it down, and achieves the effect of heat dissipation.

[0025] S3. Spraying operation. During the experiment, the double-opening hand-pulled door cannot be opened and water cannot be replenished manually. According to the natural phenomenon of thermal expansion and contraction, when the temperature inside the warm-keeping box reaches more than ten degrees Celsius, the low-boiling-point liquid expands and pushes the impact member, so that the toggle member drives the limiting seat to move upward, pushing the buffer assembly and the intercepting member upward, prompting surface water to spray, thereby replenishing the water inside the simulated permafrost layer. Water penetrates into the simulated permafrost layer through the small holes opened in the cold plate. The simulated permafrost layer has cracks due to water loss, and the replenished water enters the simulated permafrost layer for repair, thereby preventing the leakage of water in the overlying soil layer and the effect of soil and water loss.

[0026] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advances compared with the prior art:

[0027] 1. The present invention provides a device and method for improving stratum fissures in mining areas based on a freezing method. The temperature of the internal space of a warm and curing box is adjusted through an environmental temperature control system through an air-cooled air outlet. When cold air enters the warm and curing box, according to the Coanda effect, the fluid changes its original flow direction and tends to flow along the protruding surface of the object; when there is surface friction between the fluid and the surface of the object it flows through, as long as the curvature is not large, the fluid will flow along the surface of the object. According to Newton's third law, if the object applies a deflection force to the fluid, the fluid must also apply a reverse deflection force to the object. When the cold air passes through the mixed flow neutralizer and enters the mixed flow cavity, it forms a thrust on the turbine slot, prompting the diverter to rotate and drive the mixed flow neutralizer, thereby achieving the effect of cold air flowing in a rotating manner inside the warm and curing box and improving the temperature regulation effect.

[0028] 2. The present invention provides a device and method for improving stratum fissures in mining areas based on a freezing method. During the experiment, the double-opening hand sliding door cannot be opened and water cannot be replenished manually. According to the natural phenomenon of thermal expansion and contraction, when the temperature inside the warming box reaches more than ten degrees Celsius, the low-boiling-point liquid expands and pushes the impact member, so that the toggle member drives the limiting seat to move upward, pushing the buffer assembly and the intercepting member to move upward, prompting surface water to spray, thereby replenishing the water inside the simulated frozen soil layer. Water penetrates into the simulated frozen soil layer through the small holes opened in the cold plate. The simulated frozen soil layer has cracks due to water loss, and the replenished water enters the simulated frozen soil layer for repair, thereby preventing the leakage of water in the overlying soil layer and the effect of preventing soil and water loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main body of the present invention having a door state;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the present invention in a gate-removing state structure;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the simulation box of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mixed flow control mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flow dividing member of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray control mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the spray control mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting block of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of structure A of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of structure B of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1, warming box; 2, simulation box; 3, mixed flow control mechanism; 31, mixed flow neutralization member; 32, mixed flow cavity; 33, flow divider; 34, turbine slot; 35, sprinkler head; 4, spray control mechanism; 41, water inlet chamber; 42, control chamber; 43, water outlet chamber; 44, control assembly; 411, fixing member; 412, limiting block; 413, flow cutoff member; 414, buffer assembly; 415, limiting seat; 416, synchronous limiting column; 417, Buffer pad; 441, impact member; 442, sealing assembly; 443, low-boiling-point liquid; 445, observation port; 446, fixing seat; 447, toggle member; 11, double-opening hand sliding door; 12, handle; 13, ambient temperature control system; 14, data collection system; 15, cold bath circulation system; 16, connecting pipe; 17, air-cooled air outlet; 21, supporting leg; 22, cold plate; 23, hollow block stone layer; 24, temperature probe; 25, wind speed probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] See also Figure 1-10 The present invention provides a technical solution: a device for improving stratum fissures in a mining area based on a freezing method, comprising a warming box 1, a mixed flow control mechanism 3 and a spray control mechanism 4, wherein the mixed flow control mechanism 3 is located at the center of the top of the inner wall of the warming box 1 and is fixedly connected to the warming box 1, and the spray control mechanism 4 is located at the axis of the inner wall of the mixed flow control mechanism 3 and is fixedly installed with the mixed flow control mechanism 3.

[0042] The mixed flow control mechanism 3 includes a mixed flow neutralization member 31, the inner wall of which is provided with a mixed flow cavity 32, a diverter member 33 is fixedly installed at the axis of the mixed flow neutralization member 31, a turbine groove 34 is opened on the outer wall of the diverter member 33, and a spray head 35 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the mixed flow neutralization member 31.

[0043] The spray control mechanism 4 includes a water inlet chamber 41, the bottom of the water inlet chamber 41 is fixedly connected to a control chamber 42, the bottom of the control chamber 42 is fixedly connected to a water outlet chamber 43, one side of the outer wall of the control chamber 42 is fixedly connected to a control assembly 44, the inner wall of the water inlet chamber 41 is fixedly connected to a fixing part 411, a limiting block 412 is fixedly installed at the axis of the fixing part 411, a shut-off part 413 is arranged at the bottom of the limiting block 412, a buffer assembly 414 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shut-off part 413, a limiting seat 415 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer assembly 414, a synchronous limiting column 416 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting seat 415, and a buffer pad 417 is arranged at the bottom of the shut-off part 413.

[0044] The control component 44 includes a shell and an impact member 441, and the impact member 441 is slidably connected to the shell, a sealing component 442 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the shell, a low-boiling point liquid 443 is placed on the inner wall of the shell, and the low-boiling point liquid 443 is located between the impact member 441 and the sealing component 442, an observation port 445 is provided at one end of the shell away from the impact member 441, the outer wall of the shell is fixedly connected to a fixing seat 446, the inner wall of the fixing seat 446 is hinged with a toggle member 447, and the toggle member 447 is movably connected to the limiting seat 415.

[0045] In this embodiment, the environmental temperature control system 13 adjusts the temperature of the internal space of the warming box 1 through the air cooling outlet 17. When the cold air enters the warming box 1, when the cold air passes through the mixed flow neutralization piece 31 and enters the mixed flow cavity 32, it forms a thrust on the turbine slot 34, prompting the diverter piece 33 to rotate and drive the mixed flow neutralization piece 31, so as to achieve the effect of the cold air in the warming box 1 flowing in a rotating manner, thereby improving the temperature regulation effect.

[0046] Specifically, a double-opening hand-sliding door 11 is movably connected to the front of the warming box 1, and a handle 12 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the double-opening hand-sliding door 11, and the handle 12 is symmetrically installed on the outer wall of one of the double-opening hand-sliding doors 11.

[0047] In this embodiment, the warming box 1 is sealed by the double-opening hand-sliding door 11, which is convenient and quick.

[0048] Specifically, an environmental temperature control system 13 is fixedly installed behind the outer wall of the warming box 1 , a data collection system 14 is arranged on the left side of the warming box 1 , and a cold bath circulation system 15 is arranged on the right side of the warming box 1 .

[0049] In this embodiment, the cold bath circulation system 15 is controlled by the environmental temperature control system 13 to increase or decrease the temperature of the internal environment of the warm and curing box 1 to simulate the ecological environment of the frozen soil layer.

[0050] Specifically, a simulation box 2 is arranged at the internal axis of the warming box 1, and a connecting pipe 16 is fixedly connected between the simulation box 2 and the data collection system 14, and there are two connecting pipes 16, one of which is located between the cold bath circulation system 15 and the simulation box 2. An air cooling outlet 17 is opened on the outer wall of the warming box 1 and is connected to the ambient temperature control system 13.

[0051] In this embodiment, the temperature probe 24 and the wind speed probe 25 are provided to transmit the value changes during the period to the data collection system 14 through the connecting pipe 16 for analysis and processing.

[0052] Specifically, a support leg 21 is fixedly connected between the simulation box 2 and the warming box body 1, an insulation board is provided on the inner wall of the simulation box 2, a cold plate 22 is provided inside the simulation box 2, small holes are opened on the outer wall of the cold plate 22, a hollow block stone layer 23 is provided inside the cold plate 22, and gravel soil is piled up inside the hollow block stone layer 23.

[0053] In this embodiment, tailings, the main waste in high-altitude mining areas, are used as a rock layer covering the surface. In areas where there are cracks in the overlying rocks or where the permafrost has been destroyed and degraded, a rock layer of a certain thickness is laid to reconstruct the permafrost. This method has the characteristics of using local materials, being environmentally friendly, and low cost. It can not only realize the resource utilization of tailings, but will also be a useful attempt to solve the problem of groundwater leakage caused by cracks in the overlying rocks in high-altitude mining areas.

[0054] Specifically, a temperature probe 24 is disposed on the outer wall of the hollow block stone layer 23 , and a wind speed probe 25 is disposed on the outer wall of the hollow block stone layer 23 .

[0055] In this embodiment, the temperature probe 24 and the wind speed probe 25 transmit the value changes during the period and the internal wind speed changes to the data collection system 14 through the connecting pipe 16 for analysis and processing.

[0056] The method of improving the stratum fissures in the mining area based on the freezing method comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1. Simulate the ecological environment of the frozen soil layer. Open the double-opening hand-pulled door 11. Put the cold plate 22 and the hollow block stone layer 23 into the simulation box 2 in turn. Then install the temperature probe 24 and the wind speed probe 25. Finally, add tailings such as gravel or coal gangue blocks, and add some surface water, hereinafter referred to as the simulated frozen soil layer. Start the data collection system 14, the environmental temperature control system 13 and the cold bath circulation system 15. The cold bath circulation system 15 is controlled by the environmental temperature control system 13 to heat up and cool down the internal environment of the warm-keeping box 1 to simulate the ecological environment of the frozen soil layer. The temperature probe 24 and the wind speed probe 25 are set to transmit the numerical changes during the period to the data collection system 14 for analysis and processing.

[0058] S2. Adjust the air cooling direction to perform mixed flow neutralization. The ambient temperature control system 13 adjusts the temperature of the internal space of the warm and curing box 1 through the air cooling outlet 17. When the cold air enters the warm and curing box 1, according to the Coanda effect, the fluid changes its original flow direction and tends to flow along the protruding surface of the object; when there is surface friction between the fluid and the surface of the object it flows through, as long as the curvature is not large, the fluid will flow along the surface of the object. According to Newton's third law, if the object applies a deflection force to the fluid, the fluid must also apply a reverse deflection force to the object. When the cold air passes through the mixed flow neutralization member 31 and enters the mixed flow cavity 32, a thrust is formed on the turbine groove 34, prompting the diverter member 33 to rotate and drive the mixed flow neutralization member 31, so as to achieve the effect of the cold air in the warm and curing box 1 flowing in a rotating manner, thereby improving the temperature regulation effect, and then enters the interior of the warm and curing box 1 through the turbine groove 34, and flows to the ambient temperature control system 13 to cool it down, thereby achieving the effect of heat dissipation.

[0059] S3. Spraying operation. During the experiment, the double-opening hand-pulled door 11 cannot be opened, and water cannot be replenished manually. According to the natural phenomenon of thermal expansion and contraction, when the temperature inside the warm-keeping box 1 reaches more than ten degrees Celsius, the low-boiling-point liquid 443 expands and pushes the impact member 441, so that the toggle member 447 drives the limiting seat 415 to move upward, pushing the buffer assembly 414 and the intercepting member 413 to move upward, prompting the surface water to spray, and replenishing the water inside the simulated permafrost layer. The water penetrates into the simulated permafrost layer through the small holes opened in the cold plate 22. The simulated permafrost layer has cracks due to water loss, and the replenished water enters the simulated permafrost layer for repair, thereby preventing the leakage of water in the overlying soil layer and the effect of preventing soil and water loss.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for improving stratum fissures in a mining area based on a freezing method, comprising a warming box (1), a mixed flow control mechanism (3) and a spray control mechanism (4), characterized in that: The mixed flow control mechanism (3) is located at the center of the top of the inner wall of the warming box (1) and is fixedly connected to the warming box (1); the spray control mechanism (4) is located at the center of the inner wall of the mixed flow control mechanism (3) and is fixedly installed to the mixed flow control mechanism (3); The mixed flow control mechanism (3) comprises a mixed flow neutralizing member (31), the inner wall of the mixed flow neutralizing member (31) is provided with a mixed flow cavity (32), a flow divider (33) is fixedly mounted at the axis of the mixed flow neutralizing member (31), a turbine groove (34) is formed on the outer wall of the flow divider (33), and a spray head (35) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the outer wall of the mixed flow neutralizing member (31); The spray control mechanism (4) comprises a water inlet chamber (41), the bottom of the water inlet chamber (41) is fixedly connected to a control chamber (42), the bottom of the control chamber (42) is fixedly connected to a water outlet chamber (43), one side of an outer wall of the control chamber (42) is fixedly connected to a control assembly (44), the inner wall of the water inlet chamber (41) is fixedly connected to a fixing member (411), a limiting block (412) is fixedly mounted at the axis of the fixing member (411), a flow cutoff member (413) is provided at the bottom of the limiting block (412), a buffer assembly (414) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow cutoff member (413), a limiting seat (415) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer assembly (414), a synchronous limiting column (416) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting seat (415), and a buffer pad (417) is provided at the bottom of the flow cutoff member (413); The control component (44) comprises a shell and an impact member (441), and the impact member (441) is slidably connected to the shell, a sealing component (442) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the shell, a low-boiling-point liquid (443) is placed on the inner wall of the shell, and the low-boiling-point liquid (443) is located between the impact member (441) and the sealing component (442), an observation port (445) is provided at one end of the shell away from the impact member (441), a fixing seat (446) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell, a toggle member (447) is hingedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing seat (446), and the toggle member (447) is movably connected to the limiting seat (415); The front of the warming and raising box (1) is movably connected to a double-opening hand-sliding door (11), and a handle (12) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the double-opening hand-sliding door (11), and the handle (12) is symmetrically mounted on the outer wall of one of the double-opening hand-sliding doors (11); An environmental temperature control system (13) is fixedly installed behind the outer wall of the warming box (1), a data collection system (14) is arranged on the left side of the warming box (1), and a cold bath circulation system (15) is arranged on the right side of the warming box (1); A simulation box (2) is arranged at the inner axis of the warming box (1), a connecting pipe (16) is fixedly connected between the simulation box (2) and the data collection system (14), and there are two connecting pipes (16), one of which is located between the cold bath circulation system (15) and the simulation box (2), and an air cooling outlet (17) is provided on the outer wall of the warming box (1) and is connected to the ambient temperature control system (13); A support leg (21) is fixedly connected between the simulation box (2) and the warming box body (1); an inner wall of the simulation box (2) is provided with a heat-insulating plate; a cold plate (22) is provided inside the simulation box (2); an outer wall of the cold plate (22) is provided with small holes; a hollow block stone layer (23) is provided inside the cold plate (22); and gravel soil is piled inside the hollow block stone layer (23); The outer wall of the hollow block stone layer (23) is provided with a temperature probe (24), and the outer wall of the hollow block stone layer (23) is provided with a wind speed probe (25).

2. The method for using the device for improving stratum fissures in mining areas based on the freezing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Simulate the ecological environment of the frozen soil layer, open the double-opening hand-sliding door (11), place the cold plate (22) and the hollow block stone layer (23) in the simulation box (2) in turn, then install the temperature probe (24) and the wind speed probe (25), and finally add gravel soil and some surface water to simulate the frozen soil layer, start the data collection system (14), the environmental temperature control system (13) and the cold bath circulation system (15), control the cold bath circulation system (15) through the environmental temperature control system (13), and heat and cool the internal environment of the warming box (1) to simulate the ecological environment of the frozen soil layer, and the temperature probe (24) and the wind speed probe (25) are set, and the value changes during the period are transmitted to the data collection system (14) through the connecting pipe (16) for analysis and processing; S2. The air cooling direction is adjusted to perform mixed flow neutralization. The ambient temperature control system (13) adjusts the temperature of the internal space of the warming box (1) through the air cooling outlet (17). When the cold air passes through the mixed flow neutralization member (31) and enters the mixed flow cavity (32), thrust is generated on the turbine slot (34), prompting the flow divider (33) to rotate and drive the mixed flow neutralization member (31), so that the cold air inside the warming box (1) flows in a rotating manner, thereby improving the temperature regulation effect. The cold air then enters the interior of the warming box (1) through the turbine slot (34), flows to the ambient temperature control system (13) to cool it down, thereby achieving the effect of heat dissipation. S3. Spraying operation. During the experiment, the double-opening hand-pull door (11) cannot be opened, and water cannot be replenished manually. According to the natural phenomenon of thermal expansion and contraction, when the temperature inside the warming box (1) reaches above ten degrees Celsius, the low-boiling-point liquid (443) expands and pushes the impact member (441), so that the toggle member (447) drives the limiting seat (415) to move upward, pushing the buffer assembly (414) and the intercepting member (413) to move upward, prompting the surface water to spray, thereby replenishing the water inside the simulated frozen soil layer. The water penetrates into the simulated frozen soil layer through the small holes opened in the cold plate (22). The simulated frozen soil layer has cracks due to water loss, and the replenished water enters the simulated frozen soil layer for repair, thereby preventing the leakage of water in the overlying soil layer and the effect of preventing soil and water loss.

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