Resin automatic separation and layer exchange device and method for processing internal cooling water of generator

Abstract

The application discloses a resin automatic separation and layering exchanger and a method for treating internal cooling water of a generator. The application makes full use of the inherent characteristics that the wet true density of cation exchange resin is less than that of anion exchange resin, and according to the principle and process requirements of ion exchange resin water treatment, that is, the treated water must first react with cation exchange resin and then react with anion exchange resin, the internal cooling water of the generator is subjected to micro-alkalization treatment by introducing the water flow to be treated from the bottom of the exchanger and discharging the treated water flow from the top of the exchanger. The application can realize the automatic separation and layering of the cation and anion exchange resins, and can also realize the automatic separation and layering of the invalid resin and the effective resin, so that the internal cooling water of the generator to be treated is subjected to micro-alkalization treatment in the suspended ion exchange resin layer, which can effectively avoid the adverse effects caused by the disorder layer of the cation and anion resins, and is also beneficial to the full play of the exchange capacity of the ion exchange resin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cooling water treatment technology for hollow copper conductors in generators, specifically to an automatic resin separation and stratification exchanger and a method for treating cooling water inside a generator. Background Technology

[0002] Large generators in thermal power plants and nuclear power plants generate heat in their winding bars due to the strong current flowing through them. To prevent overheating and damage to the insulation of the generator winding bars, low-conductivity pure water is typically used for rapid circulation cooling through the hollow copper conductors within the bars. However, this circulating cooling water also causes corrosion of the copper conductors. The corrosion products further increase the conductivity of the cooling water. If these corrosion products deposit within the hollow copper conductors, it can lead to localized overheating or even melting of the generator winding bars. To address the issues of increased conductivity in generator cooling water and corrosion of copper conductors, industry scientists proposed a technical measure of ion exchange micro-alkalization treatment for internal cooling water (Ye Chunsong. Research on the Principle and Application Technology of Trace Copper Corrosion Control in Pure Water [D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2002), and formulated the industry standard {Ye Chunsong et al. DL / T1039-2007 (2016) "Guidelines for Generator Internal Cooling Water Treatment" [S]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 2007 (2016)}.

[0003] The generator internal cooling water ion exchange micro-alkalization treatment technology proposed and implemented in the aforementioned literature involves carefully loading hydrogen-oxygen type strong base anion exchange resin (ROH) and sodium type strong acid cation exchange resin (RNa) into the exchanger in a sequential manner. The ROH anion resin is loaded first in the lower half of the exchanger, and the RH cation resin is loaded in the upper half. During the resin loading operation, it is crucial to avoid the "disordered layering" problem of the anion and cation resins. Water from the generator circulating cooling water bypass treatment is introduced from the top of the exchanger and flows out from the bottom, returning to the generator internal cooling water tank. Inside the exchanger, the introduced internal cooling water first contacts the RNa cation resin, and trace amounts of Cu in the water... 2+ The ions undergo an ion exchange reaction with the RNa cation exchange resin, releasing the Na+ ions from the cation exchange resin. + Ions are introduced into the water flow. As the water flows downwards, it comes into contact with the ROH anion exchange resin. The trace amounts of anions in the water then displace the OH groups in the ROH anion exchange resin. - Ions are displaced into the water flow. Trace amounts of Na are successively displaced from the water flow. + Ions and OH - The ions combine with each other to form trace amounts of NaOH, thereby achieving a slight alkalization of the treated internal cooling water.

[0004] However, because the wet true density of ROH anion exchange resin (1.06 g / ml - 1.11 g / ml) is lower than that of RNa cation exchange resin (1.24 g / ml - 1.29 g / ml), during the resin loading process, the combined effect of the impact force of pouring the resin and the gravity difference between the cation and anion resins easily causes the RNa cation resin to be "washed" into the anion resin layer, or even "washed" below the anion resin layer, while the anion resin floats on top of the cation resin, resulting in "disordered stratification" of the loaded cation and anion resins. Furthermore, since the internal cooling water being treated is introduced from the top of the exchanger, the impact force of the water flow also causes "disordered stratification" of the cation and anion resins.

[0005] If the anion and cation exchange resins inside the exchanger exhibit a certain degree of "disordered layering," the ion exchange and micro-alkalization reaction process of the generator's internal cooling water will encounter problems. Either the treated water will fail to meet standards, or the micro-alkalization of the internal cooling water will not be achieved. This is because if the internal cooling water first contacts the ROH anion exchange resin, the anions in the water will undergo an ion exchange reaction with the ROH resin, displacing the OH groups from the anion exchange resin first. - ions, while OH - The ions will immediately react with Cu in the water 2+ The precipitate is formed by the combination of Cu(OH)2. These fine Cu(OH)2 precipitate particles may, on the one hand, clog the micropores on the surface of the ion exchange resin particles, affecting the resin exchange process and the utilization of the resin exchange capacity; on the other hand, they may flow back into the generator's internal cooling water tank with the water flow, affecting the water quality in the internal cooling water tank. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, an automatic resin separation and stratification exchanger and a generator internal cooling water treatment method are provided, aiming to solve and avoid the "disordered stratification" problem and its potential adverse effects that may occur during the implementation of the aforementioned generator ion exchange micro-alkalization process in the prior art.

[0007] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide an automatic separation and stratification exchanger for internal cooling water of a generator, comprising an exchanger body, an inlet at the bottom of the exchanger body and an outlet at the top of the exchanger body, wherein cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin are sequentially loaded in the exchanger body according to the flow direction of the internal cooling water within the exchanger body.

[0009] Furthermore, the exchanger body has a certain amount of free space, and the loading volume of the ion exchange resin is smaller than the volume of the exchanger body.

[0010] Furthermore, the loading volume of the ion exchange resin is no more than 3 / 4 of the exchanger body volume and no less than 2 / 3 of the exchanger body volume, so that the resin can freely expand, float, and settle during water flow, thereby enabling the ion exchange resin in the container to automatically separate and stratify, forming an effective suspended working layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the free space of the exchanger body is not less than 1 / 4 of the exchanger body volume and not more than 1 / 3 of the exchanger body volume, so that the resin has a certain expansion rate.

[0012] Furthermore, the switch itself has a single volume space.

[0013] Furthermore, the exchanger body has a porous partition that separates it into two volume spaces, an upper cavity and a lower cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the switch body has two or more containers with independent volume spaces connected in series or in parallel.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for treating generator internal cooling water using the above-mentioned generator internal cooling water resin automatic separation and stratification exchanger. The method is as follows: the generator internal cooling water to be treated is introduced into the bottom inlet and flows out from the top outlet of the exchanger loaded with anion and cation exchange resins with a micro-alkalizing effect. Under the action of the upward flowing water, the ion exchange resin inside the exchanger is in a suspended and fluidized state, and the resin particles undergo a specific regular relative movement, so that the anion and cation exchange resins automatically separate and stratify, thereby causing the introduced generator internal cooling water to undergo dynamic ion exchange in the suspended resin layer and achieve micro-alkalization.

[0016] In this invention, the anion and cation exchange resins automatically separate and stratify due to their inherent density difference. The anion exchange resin floats to the top to form an upper anion resin layer, while the cation exchange resin forms a cation resin layer below it. At the same time, the density difference between the depleted resin and the effective resin also causes them to automatically separate and stratify. The effective resin remains suspended in the original upper layer, while the depleted resin falls due to gravity to form the depleted lower layer.

[0017] In this invention, when the ion exchange equipment performs backwashing and stratification, the flow rate of the water flowing into the exchanger can be adjusted according to the size of the exchanger's cross-sectional area to achieve a certain apparent flow velocity or empty column velocity (e.g., around 10 m / h; the calculation relationship between the backwash flow rate and the exchanger's inner diameter is shown in Equation 1). This ensures that the water flow between the resin particles reaches the actual flow velocity required for resin fluidization (e.g., around 30 m / h). The backwashing separation and stratification time should preferably be no less than 15 minutes. After the backwashing separation and stratification are completed, the operating flow rate can be adjusted as needed, either high or low, but it is advisable to operate at a lower flow rate to fully utilize the resin's exchange capacity.

[0018]

[0019] In the formula:

[0020] Q – Backwash flow rate, L / h;

[0021] D – Inner diameter of the exchanger, mm;

[0022] υ—Velocity of the empty column, here taken as 10m / h.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are:

[0024] This invention presents a novel micro-alkalization process for generator internal cooling water, based on the top-down arrangement of anion and cation exchange resins in the exchanger and the bottom-up flow of the water to be treated through the exchanger. This process not only effectively separates the "disordered layers" caused by the loading of anion and cation exchange resins, forming a layered structure of anion and cation exchange resins that meets the requirements of water treatment processes, but also utilizes the increased density characteristic of resins after they become ineffective, allowing the ineffective resins to separate from the effective resins. This enables the anion and cation exchange resins to undergo a full ion exchange reaction with the generator internal cooling water in an effectively separated, layered, and suspended state. This facilitates the smooth progress of the ion exchange process and fully utilizes the exchange capacity of the ion exchange resins, thereby improving the technical and economic efficiency of the generator internal cooling water micro-alkalization process. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 The automatic separation, stratification, suspension, and micro-alkalization process and equipment for the anion and cation exchange resins in the generator cooling water provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Appendix Figure 1 In the middle section: 1. Internal cooling water inlet valve; 2. Demineralized water inlet valve; 3. Pipeline flow meter; 4. Isolation valve 1; 5. Bottom drain valve of single-chamber ion exchanger; 6. Single-chamber ion exchanger; 7. Bottom baffle of exchanger; 8. Cation resin failure layer; 9. Cation resin suspension effective layer; 10. Anion resin failure layer; 11. Anion resin suspension effective layer; 12. Top baffle of exchanger; 13. Exchanger exhaust valve; 14. Layered backwash drain valve; 15. Exchanger outlet valve; 16. Isolation valve 2.

[0027] Figure 2 The automatic separation, stratification, suspension, and micro-alkalization process and equipment for the anion and cation exchange resins in the generator cooling water provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Appendix Figure 2In the middle section: 1. Internal cooling water inlet valve; 2. Demineralized water inlet valve; 3. Pipeline flow meter; 4. Isolation valve 1; 5. Bottom drain valve of dual-chamber ion exchanger; 6. Dual-chamber ion exchanger; 7. Bottom baffle of exchanger; 8. Cation resin failure layer; 9. Cation resin suspension effective layer; 10. Middle baffle of exchanger; 11. Anion resin failure layer; 12. Anion resin suspension effective layer; 13. Top baffle of exchanger; 14. Exchanger exhaust valve; 15. Layered backwash drain valve; 16. Exchanger outlet valve; 17. Isolation valve 2.

[0029] Figure 3 The automatic separation, stratification, suspension, and micro-alkalization process and equipment for the anion and cation exchange resins in the generator cooling water provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0030] Appendix Figure 3 In the middle section: 1. Internal cooling water inlet valve; 2. Demineralized water inlet valve; 3. Pipeline flow meter; 4. Isolation valve 1; 5. Cation exchanger bottom drain valve; 6. Cation exchanger; 7. Cation exchanger bottom baffle; 8. Cation resin failure layer; 9. Cation resin suspension effective layer; 10. Cation exchanger top baffle; 11. Cation exchanger exhaust valve; 12. Cation exchanger backwash drain valve; 13. Anion exchanger bottom drain valve; 14. Anion exchanger; 15. Anion exchanger bottom baffle; 16. Anion resin failure layer; 17. Anion resin suspension effective layer; 18. Anion exchanger top baffle; 19. Anion exchanger exhaust valve; 20. Anion exchanger backwash drain valve; 21. Anion exchanger outlet valve; 22. Isolation valve 2.

[0031] Figure 4 The automatic separation, stratification, suspension, and micro-alkalization process and equipment for the anion and cation exchange resins in the generator cooling water provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0032] Appendix Figure 4 In the middle section: 1. Internal cooling water inlet valve; 2. Demineralized water inlet valve; 3. Pipeline flow meter; 4. Isolation valve 1; 5. Bottom drain valve of single-chamber ion exchanger; 6. Single-chamber ion exchanger; 7. Bottom baffle of exchanger; 8. Cation resin failure layer; 9. Cation resin suspension effective layer; 10. Anion resin failure layer; 11. Anion resin suspension effective layer; 12. Top baffle of exchanger; 13. Exchanger exhaust valve; 14. Layered backwash drain valve; 15. Precision regulator inlet valve; 16. Precision regulator bottom drain valve; 17. Precision regulator; 18. Precision regulator outlet valve; 19. Precision regulator backwash drain valve; 20. Internal cooling water bypass treatment outlet valve; 21. Isolation valve 2.

[0033] Figure 5 The automatic separation, stratification, suspension, and micro-alkalization process and equipment for the anion and cation exchange resins in the generator cooling water provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0034] Appendix Figure 5 In the middle section: 1. Internal cooling water inlet valve; 2. Demineralized water inlet valve; 3. Pipeline flow meter; 4. Isolation valve 1; 5. Cation exchanger bottom drain valve; 6. Cation exchanger; 7. Cation exchanger bottom baffle; 8. Cation resin failure layer; 9. Cation resin suspended effective layer; 10. Cation exchanger top baffle; 11. Cation exchanger exhaust valve; 12. Cation exchanger backwash drain valve; 13. Anion exchanger bottom drain valve; 14. Anion exchanger; 15. 16. Anion exchanger bottom baffle; 17. Anion resin failure layer; 18. Anion resin suspension effective layer; 19. Anion exchanger top baffle; 20. Anion exchanger exhaust valve; 21. Anion exchanger backwash drain valve; 22. Precision regulator inlet valve; 23. Precision regulator bottom drain valve; 24. Precision regulator outlet valve; 25. Precision regulator backwash drain valve; 26. Internal cooling water bypass treatment outlet valve; 27. Isolation valve 2. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0038] This invention provides an automatic separation and stratification exchanger for internal cooling water of a generator, which includes an exchanger body, an inlet at the bottom of the exchanger body, an outlet at the top of the exchanger body, and cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin sequentially loaded inside the exchanger body according to the flow direction of the internal cooling water.

[0039] Furthermore, the exchanger body has a certain amount of free space, and the loading volume of the ion exchange resin is smaller than the volume of the exchanger body.

[0040] Furthermore, the loading volume of the ion exchange resin is no more than 3 / 4 of the exchanger body volume and no less than 2 / 3 of the exchanger body volume, so that the resin can freely expand, float, and settle during water flow, thereby enabling the ion exchange resin in the container to automatically separate and stratify, forming an effective suspended working layer.

[0041] Furthermore, the free space of the exchanger body is not less than 1 / 4 of the exchanger body volume and not more than 1 / 3 of the exchanger body volume, so that the resin has a certain expansion rate.

[0042] Furthermore, the switch itself has a single volume space.

[0043] Furthermore, the exchanger body has a porous partition that separates it into two volume spaces, an upper cavity and a lower cavity.

[0044] Furthermore, the switch body has two or more containers with independent volume spaces connected in series or in parallel.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] According to the appendix Figure 1 This system connects various devices in the generator's internal cooling water suspension micro-alkalinization process. The ion exchanger is a single-volume container filled with RNa cation exchange resin and ROH anion exchange resin. During system operation, the bypass internal cooling water sequentially passes through the suspended RNa and ROH resins. The exchanger effluent is slightly alkaline, thus adjusting the pH of the generator's internal cooling water to meet the requirements of the power industry standard DL / T 1039-2007(2016).

[0047] Example 2

[0048] According to the appendix Figure 2 This system connects various components in the generator's internal cooling water suspension micro-alkalinization process. The ion exchanger is a container with a porous partition separating it into upper and lower chambers. The lower chamber contains RNa cation exchange resin, and the upper chamber contains ROH anion exchange resin. During system operation, the bypass internal cooling water passes sequentially through the suspended RNa and ROH resins. The exchanger effluent is slightly alkaline, thus adjusting the pH value of the generator's internal cooling water to meet the requirements of the power industry standard DL / T 1039-2007(2016).

[0049] Example 3

[0050] According to the appendix Figure 3 This system connects various devices in the generator's internal cooling water suspension micro-alkalinization process. The ion exchanger consists of two containers connected in series with independent volumes. The series reactors are a cation exchange reactor composed of RNa cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin reactor composed of ROH anion exchange resin, connected sequentially. During system operation, the bypass cooling water passes sequentially through the cation and anion exchange reactors. The bypass exchanger effluent is slightly alkaline, thus adjusting the pH value of the generator's internal cooling water to meet the requirements of the power industry standard DL / T 1039-2007(2016).

[0051] Example 4

[0052] According to the appendix Figure 4 This system connects various devices in the generator's internal cooling water suspension micro-alkalization process. The ion exchanger consists of two containers connected in parallel, each with an independent volume. The parallel reactor comprises a single-volume micro-alkalization reactor loaded with RNa cation exchange resin and ROH anion exchange resin, and a single-volume precision regulator loaded with RH cation exchange resin. During system operation, the bypass internal cooling water becomes slightly alkaline after micro-alkalization treatment. When precise adjustment of the internal cooling water's pH value is required, the parallel precision regulator can be activated. The bypass exchanger effluent is slightly alkaline, thereby adjusting the generator's internal cooling water pH value to meet the requirements of the power industry standard DL / T 1039-2007 (2016), and allowing for precise adjustment of the internal cooling water pH value to a specific value within the required range.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] According to the appendix Figure 5 This system connects various devices in the generator's internal cooling water suspension micro-alkalization process. The ion exchanger consists of three containers connected in series and parallel, each with an independent volume. The series reactors are a cation exchange reactor composed of RNa cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin reactor composed of ROH anion exchange resin, connected sequentially. A precision regulator with a single volume, loaded with RH cation exchange resin, is connected in parallel to the series reactors. During system operation, the bypass internal cooling water becomes slightly alkaline after micro-alkalization treatment. When precise adjustment of the internal cooling water's pH value is required, the parallel precision regulator can be activated. The bypass exchanger effluent is slightly alkaline, thus adjusting the generator's internal cooling water pH value to meet the requirements of the power industry standard DL / T 1039-2007 (2016), and allowing for precise adjustment of the internal cooling water pH value to a specific value within the required range.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating cooling water inside a generator using an automatic resin separation and stratification heat exchanger, characterized in that, The automatic resin separation and stratification exchanger includes an exchanger body, which is a single container. The bottom of the exchanger body is equipped with a water inlet and the top is equipped with a water outlet. The exchanger body is loaded with cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin in sequence according to the flow direction of the generator's internal cooling water. The treatment method includes: introducing the generator cooling water to be treated into the bottom inlet and the top outlet of the exchanger body containing cation and anion exchange resins with a micro-alkalizing effect. Under the action of the upward water flow, the ion exchange resin inside the exchanger body is in a suspended and fluidized state, and the resin particles undergo a specific regular relative movement, so that the cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin automatically separate and completely stratify, and the degraded resin and non-degraded resin separate and completely stratify. Thus, the introduced generator cooling water undergoes dynamic ion exchange in the suspended resin layer to achieve micro-alkalization.

2. The generator internal cooling water treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exchanger body has a certain amount of free space, and the loading volume of the ion exchange resin is smaller than the volume of the exchanger body.

3. The generator internal cooling water treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The loading volume of the ion exchange resin is not greater than 3 / 4 of the volume of the exchanger body and not less than 2 / 3 of the volume of the exchanger body.

4. The generator internal cooling water treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The free space of the switch body is not less than 1 / 4 of the volume of the switch body and not more than 1 / 3 of the volume of the switch body.

5. The generator internal cooling water treatment method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The switch body has a single volume space.

6. The generator internal cooling water treatment method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The exchanger body has a porous partition that separates it into two volume spaces, an upper cavity and a lower cavity.

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