An ultrasonic plunge-cut tool and an ultrasonic machining device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ultrasonic machining, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic plunge-cut tool and an ultrasonic machining device. The ultrasonic plunge-cut tool provided by the present application comprises a connecting assembly, a tool main body and a chip removal assembly. The tool main body is internally provided with a chip removal channel. The end of the chip removal channel at the first end of the tool main body forms a cutting edge. The second end of the tool main body is detachably fixed on the connecting assembly, so that the tool main body can be conveniently replaced, and the cost is reduced. The chip removal assembly is rotatably arranged on the connecting assembly around an axis and located in the chip removal channel. The chip removal assembly can be elongated or shortened along the extension direction of the chip removal channel, so that the cutting chips in the chip removal channel can be discharged, and the cutting chips do not need to be manually cleaned, and the machining efficiency is improved. The ultrasonic machining device provided by the present application applies the above ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, facilitates cutting machining, is convenient for replacing the tool main body, does not need to manually clean the cutting chips, and has high machining efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ultrasonic machining, and in particular to an ultrasonic plunge-cut tool and an ultrasonic machining device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Honeycomb core composite materials (NOMEX) are widely used in aerospace, high-speed trains and many other fields due to their small density, light weight, high specific strength and specific stiffness, strong impact resistance, corrosion resistance and other characteristics. However, in the actual machining of complex curved surfaces, it is difficult to cut the aramid fibers in the honeycomb core material, the honeycomb wall is torn, the resin layer is detached, and the machining quality and precision of the complex surface are difficult to guarantee.

[0003] In the prior art, the machining of honeycomb materials is mostly achieved by using a plunge-cut machining method. The plunge-cut machining method uses a hollow tubular tool to insert into the material to be machined, and the cylindrical material at the center of the tubular tool is cut off to form a central hole. An ultrasonic vibration system acts on the plunge-cut tool, and the plunge-cut tool generates large-amplitude ultrasonic vibration to complete the removal of the honeycomb core material along the axial direction of the honeycomb core cell. However, the machining effect is still not satisfactory, and there are problems such as: 1) the lateral stiffness of the honeycomb core material is weak and anisotropic, and the stress condition is uncertain during the actual machining of complex surfaces. When the semi-circular arc ultrasonic plunge-cut tool is fed along the axial direction of the honeycomb core cell, the honeycomb core perpendicular to the axial direction of the cell will deform; 2) the composition of the honeycomb core material is difficult-to-machine material such as aramid fiber, and the tool wears severely during actual machining, so the tool needs to be frequently replaced, but the cost of replacing the semi-circular arc tool is relatively high; 3) the existing semi-circular arc plunge-cut tool and the traditional hollow honeycomb core plunge-cut tool have difficulty in chip removal or the honeycomb core cell deforms during the chip removal process, and manual cleaning of the chips in the tool is required, which is low in machining efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ultrasonic plunge-cut tool to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] An object of the present application is to provide an ultrasonic plunge-cut tool that facilitates cutting machining, facilitates replacement of the tool body, does not require manual cleaning of chips, and is high in machining efficiency.

[0006] Another object of the present application is to provide an ultrasonic machining device that facilitates cutting machining, facilitates replacement of the tool body, does not require manual cleaning of chips, and is high in machining efficiency by using the above-mentioned ultrasonic plunge-cut tool.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objects, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0008] In a first aspect, an ultrasonic plunge-cut tool is provided, comprising:

[0009] a connecting assembly;

[0010] a tool body, which is provided with a chip removal channel, the chip removal channel forming a cutting edge at an end of a first end of the tool body, and a second end of the tool body being detachably fixed to the connecting assembly;

[0011] a chip removal assembly, which is rotatably arranged on the connecting assembly and located in the chip removal channel, the chip removal assembly being capable of being elongated or shortened along the extension direction of the chip removal channel to remove chips in the chip removal channel.

[0012] As an optional solution of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the chip removal assembly comprises a guide column, a guide cylinder and an elastic member, the guide column is rotatably connected with the connecting assembly, the guide cylinder is slidably sleeved on the guide column, and the elastic member is used to elastically slide the guide cylinder relative to the guide column.

[0013] As an optional solution of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the chip removal assembly further comprises a support member, the support member is detachably fixed to the guide cylinder, and the support member is used to abut against the surface of the workpiece.

[0014] As an optional solution of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, a concave-convex structure is arranged on the abutting surface of the support member.

[0015] As an optional solution of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the rigidity of the elastic member is k, wherein σ is the compressive strength of the honeycomb core material, S is the total contact area between the cell walls of the honeycomb core material and the support member, and L2 is the extension length of the elastic member.

[0016] As an optional solution of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the length of the tool body is L1, and the required cutting depth of the honeycomb core is L0, wherein 1.5L0≤L1≤2L0.

[0017] As an optional solution of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the extension length of the guide column and the guide cylinder is L3, and the required cutting depth of the honeycomb core is L0, wherein 0.8L0≤L3≤1.2L0.

[0018] As an optional solution of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the extension length of the elastic member is L2, and the required cutting depth of the honeycomb core is L0, wherein 1L0≤L2≤1.5L0.

[0019] As an optional solution of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the connecting assembly comprises a first connecting member and a second connecting member, the tool body is fixed to the first connecting member, the chip removal assembly is rotatably arranged on the second connecting member, and the second connecting member is coaxially arranged with the first connecting member.

[0020] As an alternative to the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, a threaded hole is provided in the first connecting member, and one end of the second connecting member is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0021] As an alternative to the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the chip removal channel is in a horn shape at one end of the cutting edge, and the cutting edge is a horn-shaped cutting edge.

[0022] As an alternative to the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the wedge angle of the horn-shaped cutting edge is 5°-30°.

[0023] In a second aspect, an ultrasonic machining device is provided, which comprises the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool as described above.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0025] The ultrasonic plunge-cut tool provided by the present application comprises a connecting assembly, a tool main body, and a chip removal assembly. The tool main body is provided with a chip removal channel. The chip removal channel forms a cutting edge at the end of the first end of the tool main body. The second end of the tool main body is detachably fixed to the connecting assembly, which facilitates the replacement of the tool main body and reduces the cost. The chip removal assembly is rotatably arranged on the connecting assembly and located in the chip removal channel. The chip removal assembly can be elongated or shortened along the extension direction of the chip removal channel to discharge the chips in the chip removal channel, without the need for manual chip cleaning, thereby improving the machining efficiency.

[0026] The ultrasonic machining device provided by the present application applies the above-mentioned ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, facilitates the cutting machining, facilitates the replacement of the tool main body, does not need manual chip cleaning, and has high machining efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of the contents of the embodiments of the present application and these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0029] Figure 2 The exploded schematic diagram of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0030] Figure 3 The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0031] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the first supporting member provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0032] Figure 5 A front view of the first support provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 A structural schematic view of the second support provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 A front view of the second support provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 A structural schematic view of the third support provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 9 A front view of the third support provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Reference signs:

[0038] 1, connecting assembly; 11, first connecting piece; 111, threaded hole; 112, wrench groove; 12, second connecting piece;

[0039] 2, cutter main body; 21, chip removal channel; 22, cutting edge;

[0040] 3, chip removal assembly; 31, guide column; 32, guide cylinder; 33, elastic piece; 34, support; 341, concave-convex structure; 35, fixing ring; 36, bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present application, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects achieved more clear, the technical scheme of the present application will be further explained below in combination with the drawings and through specific embodiments.

[0042] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or can include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "over" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "underneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0044] In the description of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and other orientation or position relationships shown in the drawings are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in description and have no special meaning.

[0045] As shown in Figures 1-3 The present embodiment provides an ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, which comprises a connecting assembly 1, a tool body 2 and a chip removal assembly 3. The tool body 2 is provided with a chip removal channel 21. The chip removal channel 21 forms a cutting edge 22 at the end of the first end of the tool body 2. The second end of the tool body 2 is detachably fixed to the connecting assembly 1, so as to facilitate replacement of the tool body 2 and reduce cost. The chip removal assembly 3 is rotatably arranged on the connecting assembly 1 and located in the chip removal channel 21. The chip removal assembly 3 can be extended or shortened along the extension direction of the chip removal channel 21, so as to discharge the chips in the chip removal channel 21, without manual cleaning of the chips, thereby improving the machining efficiency.

[0046] Preferably, the cutting edge 22 formed at the first end of the tool body 2 is a whole-circle cutting edge.

[0047] In the ultrasonic cutting process, the whole-circle cutting edge is used to machine the complex profile of the honeycomb core material. The ultrasonic vibration is applied to the tool body 2 to reduce the cutting force. While the tool body 2 rotates at high speed around the axis, it is fed into the honeycomb core material along the honeycomb cell axis to form a circular ring-shaped cutting seam, and then continues to plunge-cut along the profile. The chip removal assembly 3 remains stationary while the tool body 2 rotates at high speed. During the process, the chip removal assembly 3 supports the circular ring-shaped honeycomb core chips to prevent the deformation of the honeycomb cell. After the cutting is completed, the chip removal assembly 3 can be extended or shortened to discharge the chips in the chip removal channel 21, so as to prevent the chips from being compressed in the chip removal channel 21.

[0048] Optionally, the chip removal channel 21 is trumpet-shaped at one end of the cutting edge 22, and the cutting edge 22 is a trumpet-shaped cutting edge. Preferably, the wedge angle of the trumpet-shaped cutting edge is 5°-30°, which can ensure the rigidity of the cutting edge 22.

[0049] Further, the surface of the cutting edge 22 can be coated to ensure the wear resistance of the cutting edge 22, transmit high-frequency ultrasonic axial vibration, and prolong the service life.

[0050] In order to ensure the cutting effect, the length of the tool body 2 is L1, and the required cutting depth of the honeycomb core is L0, wherein 1.5L0≤L1≤2L0. Too short will limit the required cutting depth of the honeycomb core, and too long will not ensure the axial rigidity of the tool body 2.

[0051] Optionally, the connecting assembly 1 includes a first connecting piece 11 and a second connecting piece 12, the tool body 2 is fixed on the first connecting piece 11, and the chip removal assembly 3 is rotatably arranged on the second connecting piece 12. The second connecting piece 12 is coaxially arranged with the first connecting piece 11. The first connecting piece 11 is used to connect an ultrasonic generator, such as an ultrasonic horn. This design can realize the installation of the tool body 2 and the chip removal assembly 3, while ensuring the coaxial arrangement of the tool body 2 and the chip removal assembly 3, and ensuring the cutting effect.

[0052] Optionally, the first connecting piece 11 is internally provided with a threaded hole 111, and one end of the second connecting piece 12 is threadedly connected in the threaded hole 111. This design facilitates the machining and assembly of the first connecting piece 11 and the second connecting piece 12, and can also ensure the coaxiality of the first connecting piece 11 and the second connecting piece 12, improve the coaxiality of the tool body 2 and the chip removal assembly 3, and ensure the cutting effect.

[0053] Illustratively, the second end of the tool body 2 is threadedly connected with the first connecting piece 11. The first connecting piece 11 is internally provided with an internal thread, and the outer surface of the tool body 2 is provided with an external thread, and the tool body 2 is threadedly connected with the first connecting piece 11. Further, the outer peripheral surface of the tool body 2 is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the first connecting piece 11 at the connecting part of the two, so that the overall appearance of the plunge-cutting tool is good in integrity and improves the aesthetic appearance. Further, the outer peripheral surface of the first connecting piece 11 is provided with a wrench groove 112, which facilitates the assembly of the tool body 2 and the chip removal assembly 3 to the first connecting piece 11 by using a tool.

[0054] Preferably, the tool body 2 and the first connecting piece 11 are made of hard alloy or high-speed steel.

[0055] Optionally, the chip removal assembly 3 comprises a guide column 31, a guide cylinder 32 and an elastic member 33, the guide column 31 is rotationally connected with the connecting assembly 1, the guide cylinder 32 is slidably sleeved on the guide column 31, and the elastic member 33 is used for elastically sliding the guide cylinder 32 relative to the guide column 31, so that the chips in the chip removal channel 21 are discharged out of the chip removal channel 21 with the sliding of the guide cylinder 32. Specifically, the guide column 31 is rotationally connected with the second connecting piece 12 through a bearing 36, and the guide column 31 can rotate relative to the second connecting piece 12 about the axis of the guide column 31, so that the chip removal assembly 3 can be relatively static when the tool body 2 is high-speed rotating for cutting.

[0056] Preferably, the chip removal assembly 3 further comprises a fixing ring 35, the fixing ring 35 is interference-fitted on the end of the guide column 31, and is used for abutting against one end of the elastic member 33, so as to limit the installation of the one end of the elastic member 33.

[0057] Preferably, the chip removal assembly 3 further comprises a support 34, the support 34 is detachably fixed on the guide cylinder 32, and the support 34 is used for abutting against the surface of the workpiece. In addition, the support 34 can also serve the purpose of limiting the other end of the elastic member 33. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 3 the elastic member 33 is sleeved on the guide cylinder 32 and the guide column 31, one end of the elastic member 33 abuts against the support 34, and the other end of the elastic member 33 abuts against the fixing ring 35. Of course, in other embodiments, a first annular boss can be integrally formed on the guide column 31, and a second annular boss can be integrally formed on the guide cylinder 32, and the elastic member 33 is limited by the first annular boss and the second annular boss, so as to ensure that the guide cylinder 32 can elastically slide relative to the guide column 31.

[0058] Optionally, the end of the guide cylinder 32 is provided with a threaded hole, the support 34 comprises a connecting portion and an abutting portion, the connecting portion is threadedly connected with the threaded hole of the guide cylinder 32, the detachable connection of the support 34 is realized, so as to be replaced and maintained, the diameter of the abutting portion is greater than that of the connecting portion, and the abutting portion is used for abutting against the surface of the workpiece, so as to stabilize the workpiece and improve the machining effect during ultrasonic machining.

[0059] Preferably, the extension length of the elastic member 33 is L2, and the required cutting depth of the honeycomb core is L0, wherein 1L0≤L2≤1.5L0. The design ensures the elongation and compression amount of the guide column 31 and the guide cylinder 32 under the action of the elastic member 33, and ensures the effective chip depth. The extension length of the guide column 31 and the guide cylinder 32 is L3, and the required cutting depth of the honeycomb core is L0, wherein 0.8L0≤L3≤1.2L0. The stiffness of the elastic member 33 is k, wherein σ is the compressive strength of the honeycomb core material, S is the total contact area of the hole wall of the cell in the honeycomb core material and the support 34, and L2 is the extension length of the elastic member 33.

[0060] Exemplarily, the elastic member 33 can be a spring.

[0061] Preferably, the abutting surface of the support member 34 is provided with a concave-convex structure 341. Figures 4-5 As shown, the concave-convex structure 341 is a grating microstructure. Figures 6-7 As shown, the concave-convex structure 341 is a square column microstructure. Figures 8-9 As shown, the concave-convex structure 341 is a multi-D cross microstructure. The unit size of the abutting surface of the support member 34 in the grating microstructure, the square column microstructure or the multi-D cross microstructure is smaller than the size of the honeycomb core cell, so as to increase the friction between the support member 34 and the honeycomb core cutting material, so as to ensure that the honeycomb core material cutting chip supported by the support member 34 does not tilt to cause the cell deformation.

[0062] The ultrasonic plunge-cut tool provided by the embodiment has the following advantages: 1) the tool body 2 is detachably connected to the first connecting member 11, and only the tool body 2 needs to be replaced when the tool body 2 is worn, so that the tool is convenient to maintain; 2) the ultrasonic vibration assisted plunge-cut tool can reduce the cutting force when cutting the honeycomb core, effectively inhibits the cell crushing deformation damage of the honeycomb core, and ensures the machining quality of the complex surface of the honeycomb core; 3) the chip removal assembly 3 can support the honeycomb core cutting material during cutting, so as to ensure the stable cutting of the honeycomb core. In addition, when the plunge-cutting is completed, the chip removal assembly 3 removes the cutting chip by using the elastic deformation of the elastic member 33, so as to prevent the cutting chip from being compressed in the cavity of the plunge-cut tool after being accumulated. The whole machining process does not need to stop for cleaning the cutting chip, so as to ensure the continuity of the machining and improve the machining efficiency.

[0063] The embodiment further provides an ultrasonic machining device, which comprises the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool described above. By using the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool, the cutting machining is facilitated, the tool body 2 is convenient to replace, the cutting chip does not need to be manually cleaned, and the machining efficiency is high.

[0064] The ultrasonic machining device further comprises an ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic plunge-cut tool is connected to the ultrasonic generator. Optionally, the ultrasonic generator can be an ultrasonic amplitude transformer.

[0065] Note that in the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The illustrative description of the above terms in the present specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0066] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and the principles of the applied technology. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and can include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic insertion and resection tool, comprising: The utility model relates to a cutting tool, comprising: a connecting assembly (1); a tool body (2) having a chip removal channel (21) formed with a cutting edge (22) at a first end of the tool body (2), the second end of the tool body (2) being detachably fixed to the connecting assembly (1); a chip removal assembly (3) rotatably arranged around an axis in the chip removal channel (21), the chip removal assembly (3) being extendable and retractable along the extension direction of the chip removal channel (21) to remove chips in the chip removal channel (21).

2. The ultrasonic insert cutter according to claim 1, wherein The chip removal assembly (3) comprises a guide post (31), a guide cylinder (32) and an elastic member (33), the guide post (31) being rotatably connected to the connecting assembly (1), the guide cylinder (32) being slidably sleeved on the guide post (31), and the elastic member (33) being used to elastically slide the guide cylinder (32) relative to the guide post (31).

3. The ultrasonic insert cutter according to claim 2, wherein, The chip removal assembly (3) further comprises a support member (34) detachably fixed to the guide cylinder (32), the support member (34) being used to abut against the surface of a workpiece.

4. The ultrasonic insert cutter according to claim 3, wherein The abutting surface of the support member (34) is provided with a concave-convex structure (341).

5. The ultrasonic cutting tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stiffness of the elastic member (33) is k, wherein σ is the compressive strength of the honeycomb core material, S is the total area of contact of the cell walls of the cells in the honeycomb core material with the support member (34), and L2 is the length of expansion of the elastic member (33).

6. The ultrasonic insert cutter according to claim 2, wherein, The length of the tool body (2) is L1, and the required cutting depth of a honeycomb core is L0, wherein 1.5L0≤L1≤2L0; and / or The extension length of the elastic member (33) is L2, and the required cutting depth of a honeycomb core is L0, wherein 1L0≤L2≤1.5L0; and / or The extension length of the guide post (31) and the guide cylinder (32) is L3, and the required cutting depth of a honeycomb core is L0, wherein 0.8L0≤L3≤1.2L0.

7. The ultrasonic insert cutter of claim 1, wherein, The connecting assembly (1) comprises a first connecting member (11) and a second connecting member (12), the tool body (2) being fixed to the first connecting member (11), the chip removal assembly (3) being rotatably arranged on the second connecting member (12), and the second connecting member (12) being coaxially arranged with the first connecting member (11).

8. The ultrasonic insert cutter according to claim 7, wherein, The first connecting member (11) is provided with a threaded hole (111), and one end of the second connecting member (12) is threadedly connected in the threaded hole (111).

9. The ultrasonic insert cutter according to any of claims 1-8, wherein, The chip removal channel (21) is trumpet-shaped at one end of the cutting edge (22), and the cutting edge (22) is a trumpet-shaped cutting edge. The wedge angle of the trumpet-shaped cutting edge is 5°-30°.

10. An ultrasonic machining device characterized by comprising: The utility model further relates to an ultrasonic plunge-cutting tool comprising the cutting tool according to any one of claims 1-9.

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