A method for "three-state simultaneous control" of rice pests

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of pest control, and in particular to a method for "three-state control" of rice pests. The present invention sprays insect pathogenic nematodes and releases trichogrammatids during the rice growth period, combines insect trap lamp technology, and simultaneously controls three insect states, effectively solving the problem of rice borers being difficult to prevent and treat due to overlapping generations, and at the same time, can effectively reduce the insect population base of local pests such as rice stem borer, greatly reducing the degree of damage to rice; the control means of the three insect states are all green biological means, will not produce drug resistance, and can effectively solve the problem of difficulty in prevention and treatment caused by enhanced drug resistance of rice pests; the control means of the three insect states are all green biological means, and there will be no pesticide residues in rice plants and grains.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pest control, and in particular to a method for "three-state simultaneous control" of rice pests. Background Art

[0002] The main rice pests generally have three stages: eggs, larvae and adults. Usually, eggs, larvae and adults exist in the same field at the same time, and the pest generations overlap seriously. However, the existing chemical pesticide control technology mainly focuses on controlling the larval stage, and has no control effect on the eggs and adults. Instead, the pesticides kill the natural enemies that can prey on pests in the rice fields, causing the pests in the rice fields to become multiple, frequent and explosive. In addition, the long-term use of pesticides has dramatically increased the resistance of pests, resulting in the current large-scale application of chemical pesticides. The control effect of pests is getting lower and lower, and pests are becoming more and more difficult to control, posing a huge hidden danger to my country's food production safety.

[0003] Therefore, a green integrated technology has been developed that can prevent and control not only pest larvae, but also pest eggs and adults. The three stages of pests in the same field can be controlled at the same time (i.e., three-stage control). This can effectively solve the problems of difficult prevention and control of pests caused by overlapping generations of pests, enhanced pesticide resistance, and a sharp decline in natural enemies in rice fields, thereby achieving the goal of defeating insects to feed the crops, stabilizing rice production and ensuring national food security. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for "three-state control" of rice pests. The present invention provides a green integrated technology that can prevent and control both pest larvae and pest eggs and adults. The three insect stages of pests in the same field can be controlled at the same time (i.e., three-state control), which can effectively solve the problem of difficult prevention and control of pests caused by overlapping generations of pests, enhanced drug resistance, and a sharp decline in natural enemies in rice fields.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for "three-state simultaneous control" of rice pests, comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1) After the paddy field is plowed, insect pathogenic nematodes are sprayed. The spraying amount X of the insect pathogenic nematodes per mu is determined according to the base number a of the larvae of the rice stem borer and the ambient temperature b on the day of spraying:

[0008] When the ambient temperature is 15℃≤b≤24℃, X=0.3a×[1+(25-b)÷6], the unit of X is tail / mu, and the unit of a is head / mu;

[0009] When the ambient temperature is 24℃<b≤35℃), X=0.3a, the unit of X is 10,000 tails / mu, and the unit of a is head / mu;

[0010] 2) releasing trichogrammatids during the tillering stage of rice, wherein the release amount Y of the trichogrammatids per mu is determined according to the total number c of adults of rice stem borer and rice leaf folder and the canopy temperature d of the rice population on the day of release:

[0011] When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 14℃≤d≤25℃, Y=80c×[1+(26-d)÷5], the unit of Y is head / mu, and the unit of c is head / mu;

[0012] When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 26℃≤d≤38℃, Y=100c, the unit of Y is head / mu, and the unit of c is head / mu;

[0013] 3) Spraying insect pathogenic nematodes at the rice booting stage, wherein the spraying amount Z of the insect pathogenic nematodes per mu is determined according to the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the rice stem borer e, the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the rice leaf folder f and the ambient temperature g:

[0014] When the ambient temperature is 15℃≤g≤24℃, Z=(50000×e+50000×f)×[1+(25-g)÷6], the unit of Z is 10,000 tails / mu;

[0015] When the ambient temperature is 24℃<g≤35℃, Z=50000×e+50000×f, the unit of Z is 10,000 tails / mu;

[0016] 4) releasing trichogrammatids during the period from rice heading to rice filling, wherein the release amount Y of trichogrammatids per mu is determined according to the total number c of adults of rice stem borer and rice leaf roller and the canopy temperature d of the rice population on the day of release:

[0017] When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 14℃≤d≤25℃, Y=80c×[1+(26-d)÷5], the unit of Y is head / mu, and the unit of c is head / mu;

[0018] When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 26℃≤d≤38℃, Y=100c, the unit of Y is head / mu, and the unit of c is head / mu;

[0019] 5) Install insect traps before transplanting rice. When the number of adult stem borers and rice leaf rollers in the field is between 60 and 120 per mu, turn on the lights for more than 7 days and turn off the insect traps when the number of adult insects is less than 60 per mu.

[0020] When the number of adult stem borers and rice leaf folders in the field is more than 120 per mu, turn on the lights for more than 12 days continuously until the number of adults is less than 60 per mu and then turn off the insect-catching lights.

[0021] Preferably, in step 2), the trichogrammatid wasp is released once during the tillering stage of rice.

[0022] Preferably, in step 3), the rice is sprayed with insect pathogenic nematodes once during the rice booting stage.

[0023] Preferably, in step 4), the trichogrammatid is released once during the period from the rice heading to the rice filling.

[0024] Preferably, in step 5), one insect trap lamp is installed for every 15 to 20 mu.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The three insect stages are controlled simultaneously, which effectively solves the problem of rice borer being difficult to prevent and treat due to overlapping generations. At the same time, it can also effectively reduce the insect population base of local pests such as the rice stem borer, greatly reducing the degree of damage to rice;

[0027] The control methods for the 2nd and 3rd insect stages are all green biological methods, which will not produce pesticide resistance and can effectively solve the problem of difficult prevention and treatment caused by the increased pesticide resistance of rice pests.

[0028] 3. The control methods for the three insect stages are all green biological methods, and there will be no pesticide residues in rice plants and grains. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention provides a method for "three-state simultaneous control" of rice pests, comprising the following steps:

[0030] 1) After the paddy field is plowed, insect pathogenic nematodes are sprayed. The spraying amount X of the insect pathogenic nematodes per mu is determined according to the base number a of the larvae of the rice stem borer and the ambient temperature b on the day of spraying:

[0031] When the ambient temperature is 15℃≤b≤24℃, X=0.3a×[1+(25-b)÷6], the unit of X is 10,000 tails / mu, and the unit of a is head / mu;

[0032] When the ambient temperature is 24℃<b≤35℃), X=0.3a, the unit of X is 10,000 tails / mu, and the unit of a is head / mu;

[0033] 2) releasing trichogrammatids during the tillering stage of rice, wherein the release amount Y of the trichogrammatids per mu is determined according to the total number c of adults of rice stem borer and rice leaf folder and the canopy temperature d of the rice population on the day of release:

[0034] When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 14℃≤d≤25℃, Y=80c×[1+(26-d)÷5], the unit of Y is head / mu, and the unit of c is head / mu;

[0035] When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 26℃≤d≤38℃, Y=100c, the unit of Y is head / mu, and the unit of c is head / mu;

[0036] 3) Spraying insect pathogenic nematodes at the rice booting stage, wherein the spraying amount Z of the insect pathogenic nematodes per mu is determined according to the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the rice stem borer e, the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the rice leaf folder f and the ambient temperature g:

[0037] When the ambient temperature is 15℃≤g≤24℃, Z=(50000×e+50000×f)×[1+(25-g)÷6], the unit of Z is 10,000 tails / mu;

[0038] When the ambient temperature is 24℃<g≤35℃, Z=50000×e+50000×f, the unit of Z is 10,000 tails / mu;

[0039] 4) releasing trichogrammatids during the period from rice heading to rice filling, wherein the release amount Y of trichogrammatids per mu is determined according to the total number c of adults of rice stem borer and rice leaf roller and the canopy temperature d of the rice population on the day of release:

[0040] When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 14℃≤d≤25℃, Y=80c×[1+(26-d)÷5], the unit of Y is head / mu, and the unit of c is head / mu;

[0041] When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 26℃≤d≤38℃, Y=100c, the unit of Y is head / mu, and the unit of c is head / mu;

[0042] 5) Install insect traps before transplanting rice. When the number of adult stem borers and rice leaf rollers in the field is between 60 and 120 per mu, turn on the lights for more than 7 days and turn off the insect traps when the number of adult insects is less than 60 per mu.

[0043] When the number of adult stem borers and rice leaf folders in the field is more than 120 per mu, turn on the lights for more than 12 days continuously until the number of adults is less than 60 per mu and then turn off the insect-catching lights.

[0044] The present invention sprays insect pathogenic nematodes after the rice field is plowed to parasitize the larvae of the striped stem borer, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the base number of the striped stem borer larvae in the rice field. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the insect pathogenic nematode is Steinernema carinii. The present invention preferably sprays the insect pathogenic nematode once after the rice field is plowed. The present invention has no special limitation on the spraying method, and a conventional method can be used.

[0045] The present invention preferably releases trichogrammatids once during the tillering period of rice. The trichogrammatids released by the present invention are used to parasitize the eggs of the striped stem borer, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the base number of the eggs of the striped stem borer in the rice field and prevent the eggs from hatching into larvae to harm the rice.

[0046] The present invention preferably sprays insect pathogenic nematodes once during the rice booting stage. The present invention sprays insect pathogenic nematodes to parasitize the larvae of the striped stem borer and the rice leaf roller to prevent the spread of pests.

[0047] The present invention preferably releases trichogrammatids once during the period from the rice heading to the grain filling. The present invention releases trichogrammatids to parasitize the eggs of the striped stem borer to prevent the eggs from hatching into larvae and thus harming the rice leaves.

[0048] The present invention preferably installs one insect trap lamp for every 15 to 20 mu. The present invention has no special limitation on the insect trap lamp, and a conventional one can be used, such as a solar fan suction beneficial and harmful insect separation insect trap, model TC-NBCT-22 or TC-NBCT-20.

[0049] The present invention also preferably adopts conventional means such as sex attractant capture, deep water pupation, and fitness cultivation to assist in the prevention and control of rice pests such as the striped stem borer and the rice leaf roller. The present invention preferably does not apply chemical pesticides during the entire rice growth period.

[0050] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] From June to October 2022, the experiment will be conducted in Beisheng Town, Liuyang City.

[0053] A method for "three-state simultaneous control" of rice pests, comprising the following steps:

[0054] 1. After the rice fields are plowed, insect pathogenic nematodes are sprayed to parasitize the larvae of the striped stem borer, so as to reduce the base number of the striped stem borer larvae in the rice fields. The spraying amount of insect pathogenic nematodes per mu (unit: 10,000 tails / mu) is determined according to the base number of the striped stem borer larvae in the rice fields a (unit: head / mu) and the ambient temperature b (unit: ℃) on the day of spraying:

[0055] 1.1 When the ambient temperature is 15-24℃ (i.e. 15≤b≤24), X=0.3a×[1+(25-b)÷6];

[0056] 1.2 When the ambient temperature is 24-35℃ (i.e. 24<b≤35), X=0.3a;

[0057] 1.3 When the ambient temperature is lower than 15℃ or higher than 35℃ (i.e. b<15 or b>35), do not spray insect pathogenic nematodes. Wait until the ambient temperature is within the range of 15-35℃ after rice transplanting, then spray pathogenic nematodes. The spraying amount is calculated according to 1.1 and 1.2.

[0058] The ambient temperature was 25.3℃. According to the calculation of 1.2, 30 million Steinernema carinii nematodes were released per mu.

[0059] 2. During the tillering period of rice, release trichogrammatids to parasitize the eggs of the striped stem borer, so as to reduce the number of eggs in the rice field and prevent the eggs from hatching into larvae and thus harming the rice. The release rate of trichogrammatids per mu Y (unit: head / mu) is determined according to the total number of adults of the striped stem borer and rice leaf roller in the rice field c (unit: head / mu) and the canopy temperature of the rice population d (unit: ℃) on the day of release:

[0060] 2.1 When the canopy temperature of the rice population is between 14 and 25°C (i.e., 14 ≤ d ≤ 25), Y = 80c × [1 + (26-d) ÷ 5];

[0061] 2.2 When the canopy temperature of the rice population is between 26-38°C (i.e., 26≤d≤38), Y=100c;

[0062] 2.3 When the canopy temperature of the rice colony is lower than 14℃ or higher than 38℃ (i.e. d<14 or d>38), do not release the trichogrammatids. Wait until the canopy temperature of the rice colony is within the range of 14-38℃ before releasing the trichogrammatids. The release amount is calculated according to 2.1 and 2.2.

[0063] The ambient temperature was 26.7℃, and the total number of adult rice borers and rice leaf folders was about 100 per mu. According to the calculation of 2.2, 10,000 trichogrammatids per mu were released this time.

[0064] 3. During the rice heading period, insect pathogenic nematodes are sprayed to parasitize the larvae of the striped stem borer and the rice leaf folder to prevent the spread of pests. The spraying rate of insect pathogenic nematodes per mu Z (unit: 10,000 tails / mu) is determined according to the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the striped stem borer in the rice field e (0≤e≤1), the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the rice leaf folder f (0≤f≤1) and the ambient temperature (g):

[0065] 3.1 When the ambient temperature is 15-24℃ (i.e. 15≤g≤24), Z=(50000×e+50000×f)×[1+(25-g)÷6];

[0066] 3.2 When the ambient temperature is 24-35℃ (i.e. 24<g≤35), Z=50000×e+50000×f;

[0067] 3.3 When the ambient temperature is lower than 15℃ or higher than 38℃ (i.e. g<15 or g>35), do not spray insect pathogenic nematodes. When the ambient temperature is within the range of 15-35℃, spray pathogenic nematodes. The spraying amount shall be calculated according to 3.1 and 3.2.

[0068] The ambient temperature was 27.2℃, the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the Chilo suppressalis was e, and the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the rice leaf folder was f, which was 6.8%. According to 3.2, 45 million Steinernema carinii nematodes were sprayed per mu.

[0069] 4. During the period from rice heading to grain filling, release trichogrammatids to parasitize the eggs of the striped stem borer to prevent the eggs from hatching into larvae and thus harming the rice leaves. The release rate of trichogrammatids per mu (unit: head / mu) is determined based on the total number of adults of the striped stem borer and rice leaf roller in the rice field c (unit: head / mu) and the canopy temperature of the rice population d (unit: ℃) on the day of release. The release rate is the same as 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3.

[0070] The ambient temperature was 28.6℃, the total number of adults of rice stem borer and rice leaf folder c was 115 per mu, and the release amount of trichogrammatid was Y was 11,500 per mu.

[0071] 5. Install one insect trap lamp for every 15 mu to kill adult pests such as the striped stem borer and rice leaf roller. The time to turn on the insect trap lamp is determined according to the number of adult striped stem borers and rice leaf rollers in the field: when the number of adult insects in the field is between 60 and 120 per mu, turn on the lamp for more than 7 days; when the number of adult insects in the field is more than 120 per mu, turn on the lamp for more than 12 days, and turn off the insect trap lamp when the number of adult insects is less than 60 per mu.

[0072] 6. No chemical pesticides are applied during the entire rice growing period.

[0073] Using conventional technology, i.e. spraying chemical pesticides, as a control, avermectin and chlorpyrifos were sprayed once at the tillering stage, booting stage and filling and fruiting stage of rice, respectively. The dosage of avermectin and chlorpyrifos was 20g / mu. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1 The control effect of three-state control on different insect stages of Chilo suppressalis and Rice leaf folder

[0075]

[0076] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for "three-state simultaneous control" of rice pests, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) After the paddy field is plowed, insect pathogenic nematodes are sprayed once. The spraying amount X of the insect pathogenic nematodes per mu is determined according to the base number a of the larvae of the rice stem borer and the ambient temperature b on the day of spraying. The insect pathogenic nematode is Steinernema carinella: When the ambient temperature is 15℃≤b≤24℃, X=0.3a×[1+(25-b)÷6], the unit of X is 10,000 tails / mu, and the unit of a is head / mu; When the ambient temperature is 24℃<b≤35℃, X=0.3a, the unit of X is 10,000 tails / mu, and the unit of a is head / mu; 2) releasing trichogrammatids during the tillering stage of rice, wherein the release amount Y1 of trichogrammatids per mu is determined according to the total number of adults of rice stem borer and rice leaf roller c1 and the canopy temperature d1 of the rice population on the day of release: When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 14℃≤d1≤25℃, Y1=80c1×[1+(26-d1)÷5], the unit of Y1 is head / mu, and the unit of c1 is head / mu; When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 26℃≤d1≤38℃, Y1=100c1, the unit of Y1 is head / mu, and the unit of c1 is head / mu; 3) Spraying insect pathogenic nematodes at the rice booting stage, wherein the spraying amount Z of the insect pathogenic nematodes per mu is determined according to the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the rice stem borer e, the ratio of the number of plants damaged by the rice leaf folder f and the ambient temperature g: When the ambient temperature is 15℃≤g≤24℃, Z=(50000×e+50000×f)×[1+(25-g)÷6], the unit of Z is 10,000 tails / mu; When the ambient temperature is 24℃<g≤35℃, Z=50000×e+50000×f, and the unit of Z is 10,000 tails / mu; 4) releasing trichogrammatids during the period from rice heading to rice filling, wherein the release amount Y2 of trichogrammatids per mu is determined according to the total number of adults of rice stem borer and rice leaf roller cnaphalocrocis medinalis c2 and the canopy temperature d2 of the rice population on the day of release: When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 14℃≤d2≤25℃, Y2=80c2×[1+(26-d2)÷5], the unit of Y2 is head / mu, and the unit of c2 is head / mu; When the canopy temperature of the rice population is 26℃≤d2≤38℃, Y2=100c2, the unit of Y2 is head / mu, and the unit of c2 is head / mu; 5) Install insect traps before transplanting rice. When the number of adult stem borers and rice leaf rollers in the field is between 60 and 120 per mu, turn on the lights for more than 7 days and turn off the insect traps when the number of adult insects is less than 60 per mu. When the number of adult stem borers and rice leaf folders in the field is more than 120 per mu, turn on the lights for more than 12 days continuously until the number of adults is less than 60 per mu and then turn off the insect-catching lights.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step 2), the trichogrammatid wasp is released once during the tillering stage of rice.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step 3), the rice is sprayed with insect pathogenic nematodes once during the rice booting stage.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4), the trichogrammatid is released once during the period from the rice heading to the rice grain filling.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5), one insect trap lamp is installed for every 15 to 20 mu.

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