A construction site safety assessment system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of construction site safety technology, specifically a construction site construction safety assessment system, the system includes: a scene reconstruction design module, a data perception module, a data communication module and a data processing module. The present invention has the beneficial effects of being able to realize real-time, accurate and comprehensive data collection and transmission of construction sites, improving the data quality and timeliness of construction safety assessments; being able to realize clear, intuitive and dynamic scene reconstruction and display of construction sites, improving the visualization and interactivity of construction safety assessments; being able to realize scientific, objective and consistent risk analysis and assessment of construction sites, improving the systematicness and reliability of construction safety assessments; being able to realize efficient, accurate and intelligent design and construction optimization and adjustment of construction sites, improving the optimization and automation of construction safety assessments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction site safety, and in particular to a construction site construction safety assessment system. Background Art

[0002] Construction site safety is an important topic in the construction industry and a basic requirement for protecting workers’ lives and property. In order to effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of construction accidents, construction sites need to conduct timely, accurate and comprehensive assessments of various risks during the construction process.

[0003] In the relevant technologies, the traditional construction safety assessment method mainly relies on experience and subjective judgment, and has the following shortcomings: the assessment process lacks systematicity and scientificity, and it is difficult to take into account complex accident chains and uncertainty factors; the assessment results lack quantification and standardization, and it is difficult to make objective comparisons and analyses; the assessment information lacks real-time and visualization, and it is difficult to make effective communication and decisions. Therefore, we propose a construction site safety assessment system.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for understanding the background of the present inventive concept and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a construction site construction safety assessment system to solve the problem that the traditional construction safety assessment method proposed in the above background technology mainly relies on experience and subjective judgment, and has the following shortcomings: the assessment process lacks systematicity and scientificity, and it is difficult to take into account complex accident chains and uncertainty factors; the assessment results lack quantification and standardization, and it is difficult to make objective comparisons and analyses; the assessment information lacks real-time and visualization, and it is difficult to make effective communication and decision-making.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a construction site construction safety assessment system, the system comprising:

[0007] A scene reconstruction design module, which is responsible for designing and generating a three-dimensional scene of a virtual construction site and a corresponding relationship with a physical construction site based on a building information model (BIM) and multi-dimensional modeling technology;

[0008] Data perception module, which is responsible for collecting data using drones, lidar, and sensors to collect real-time information about personnel, machinery, components, and the environment at the construction site, and convert the data into a standard format;

[0009] A data communication module, which is responsible for transmitting the data collected by the data perception module to the virtual construction site generated by the scene reconstruction design module by using cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and mobile device technologies, and storing the data in a cloud database;

[0010] The data processing module is responsible for processing and analyzing the data in the virtual construction site using Bayesian networks and hierarchical analysis method, identifying and evaluating construction risks, and taking corresponding early warning and control measures according to the risk level.

[0011] As an optimized technical solution, the scene reconstruction design module includes:

[0012] A scene generation submodule, which is responsible for generating a three-dimensional scene of a virtual construction site based on the design drawings and construction plan of the construction site using BIM and multi-dimensional modeling technology;

[0013] A scene corresponding submodule, which is responsible for updating the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site in real time according to the actual situation of the construction site and the data of the data perception module, and establishing a corresponding relationship with the physical construction site;

[0014] The data perception module includes:

[0015] A personnel sensing submodule, which is responsible for using drones and sensors to collect personnel information on the construction site in real time, including the location, identity, and status of the personnel, and convert the data into a standard format;

[0016] A machine perception submodule, which is responsible for collecting machine information on the construction site in real time using laser radar and sensors, including the location, type, and status of the machines, and converting the data into a standard format;

[0017] A component perception submodule, which is responsible for using drones and sensors to collect component information on the construction site in real time, including the location, type, and status of the components, and convert the data into a standard format;

[0018] The environmental perception submodule is responsible for using drones and sensors to collect real-time environmental information of the construction site, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise, pollution, and convert the data into a standard format.

[0019] As an optimized technical solution, the data communication module includes:

[0020] A data transmission submodule, which is responsible for using cloud computing and Internet of Things technologies to transmit the data collected by the data perception module to the virtual construction site generated by the scene reconstruction design module, and to achieve real-time update of the data;

[0021] The data storage submodule is responsible for using cloud computing and Internet of Things technologies to store the data collected by the data perception module in a cloud database and to achieve data security protection and management.

[0022] As an optimized technical solution, the data processing module includes:

[0023] A risk identification submodule, which is responsible for processing and analyzing the data in the virtual construction site using a Bayesian network to identify various risk factors of the construction site, including personnel risk, machinery risk, component risk, and environmental risk;

[0024] A risk assessment submodule, which is responsible for quantifying and weighting various risk factors of a construction site using the analytic hierarchy process, and calculating the loss index of each accident based on the accident chain and uncertainty factors, thereby achieving quantification and standardization of construction safety assessment;

[0025] The risk control submodule is responsible for taking corresponding early warning and control measures according to the results of the risk assessment submodule, including activating alarms and ventilators, and sending risk warnings and suggestions to management and construction personnel.

[0026] As an optimized technical solution, the system also includes:

[0027] A design optimization module, which optimizes and adjusts the design plan of the construction site based on the results of the data processing module by using robots, 3D printing, and prefabricated components to reduce construction risks and improve construction efficiency;

[0028] A construction optimization module, which optimizes and adjusts the construction plan of the construction site based on the results of the data processing module by using robots, 3D printing, and prefabricated components to reduce construction risks and improve construction quality.

[0029] As an optimized technical solution, the design optimization module includes:

[0030] A design analysis submodule, which is responsible for using the robot to analyze the design plan of the construction site and identify the risk points and improvement points in the design;

[0031] A design adjustment submodule, which is responsible for adjusting the design plan of the construction site by using 3D printing according to the results of the design analysis submodule to eliminate or reduce risk points and improvement points;

[0032] The design verification submodule is responsible for verifying the design scheme of the construction site using prefabricated components according to the results of the design adjustment submodule to ensure the feasibility and rationality of the design.

[0033] As an optimized technical solution, the construction optimization module includes:

[0034] A construction analysis submodule, which is responsible for using the robot to analyze the construction plan of the construction site and identify the risk points and improvement points in the construction;

[0035] A construction adjustment submodule, which is responsible for adjusting the construction plan of the construction site by using 3D printing according to the results of the construction analysis submodule to eliminate or reduce risk points and improvement points;

[0036] The construction verification submodule is responsible for verifying the construction plan of the construction site using prefabricated components according to the results of the construction adjustment submodule to ensure the feasibility and rationality of the construction.

[0037] As an optimized technical solution, the system also includes:

[0038] Visualization interaction module, which is responsible for using virtual reality (VR) technology to present the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site and the results of the data processing module to management and construction personnel in a clear and intuitive manner, and to realize interactive operations with the virtual construction site;

[0039] Evaluation and feedback module, which is responsible for using artificial intelligence technology to evaluate and provide feedback on the system's operating performance and the results of construction safety assessment, and optimize and improve each module of the system based on the evaluation and feedback results;

[0040] The visual interaction module includes:

[0041] A visualization submodule, which is responsible for using VR technology to present the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site and the results of the data processing module to the management and construction personnel in the form of graphics, charts, and animations, including the distribution of risk factors, the classification of risk levels, risk warnings, and suggestions;

[0042] The interactive operation submodule is responsible for utilizing VR technology to realize interactive operations between management and construction personnel and the virtual construction site, including observation, query, modification, and control functions.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] The system can realize real-time, accurate and comprehensive data collection and transmission of construction sites, improving the data quality and timeliness of construction safety assessments; it can realize clear, intuitive and dynamic scene reconstruction and display of construction sites, improving the visualization and interactivity of construction safety assessments; it can realize scientific, objective and consistent risk analysis and assessment of construction sites, improving the systematicness and reliability of construction safety assessments; it can realize efficient, accurate and intelligent design and construction optimization and adjustment of construction sites, improving the optimization and automation of construction safety assessments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 The invention provides a connection block diagram of a construction site construction safety assessment system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] A construction site construction safety assessment system in this embodiment includes:

[0051] A scene reconstruction design module, which is responsible for designing and generating a three-dimensional scene of a virtual construction site and a corresponding relationship with a physical construction site based on a building information model (BIM) and multi-dimensional modeling technology;

[0052] Data perception module, which is responsible for collecting data using drones, lidar, and sensors to collect real-time information about personnel, machinery, components, and the environment at the construction site, and convert the data into a standard format;

[0053] A data communication module, which is responsible for transmitting the data collected by the data perception module to the virtual construction site generated by the scene reconstruction design module by using cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and mobile device technologies, and storing the data in a cloud database;

[0054] The data processing module is responsible for processing and analyzing the data in the virtual construction site using Bayesian networks and hierarchical analysis method, identifying and evaluating construction risks, and taking corresponding early warning and control measures according to the risk level.

[0055] As an optimized technical solution, the scene reconstruction design module includes:

[0056] The scene generation submodule is responsible for generating a three-dimensional scene of a virtual construction site based on the design drawings and construction plan of the construction site using BIM and multi-dimensional modeling technology;

[0057] The scene corresponding submodule is responsible for updating the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site in real time according to the actual situation of the construction site and the data of the data perception module, and establishing the corresponding relationship with the physical construction site;

[0058] The data perception module includes:

[0059] The personnel perception submodule is responsible for using drones and sensors to collect personnel information on the construction site in real time, including the location, identity, and status of personnel, and convert the data into a standard format;

[0060] A machine perception submodule, which is responsible for collecting machine information on the construction site in real time using laser radar and sensors, including the location, type, and status of the machines, and converting the data into a standard format;

[0061] A component perception submodule, which is responsible for using drones and sensors to collect component information on the construction site in real time, including the location, type, and status of the components, and convert the data into a standard format;

[0062] An environmental perception submodule, which is responsible for using drones and sensors to collect environmental information of the construction site in real time, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise, and pollution, and convert the data into a standard format;

[0063] The workflow consists of the following steps:

[0064] Data collection: Using drones, lidar, and sensor data collection technology to collect real-time information about construction site personnel, machinery, components, and the environment, and convert the data into a standard format;

[0065] Data preprocessing: perform denoising, filtering, calibration, and alignment preprocessing operations on the data to improve the quality and accuracy of the data;

[0066] Data feature extraction: Use image processing, machine learning, and deep learning technologies to extract data features to extract key information and attributes of the data;

[0067] Data classification and identification: Use machine learning and deep learning technologies to classify and identify data to determine the categories and labels of the data;

[0068] Data output: standard format, features, categories and labels of output data for use by data communication modules and data processing modules;

[0069] Data collection: Let D be the collected data, d i is the i-th data, i=1,2,…,n, n is the total number of data, d i It can be different types of data such as images, videos, audio, text, etc. i The standard format is d i =(x i ,y i ,z i ,t i ,c i ), where (x i ,y i ,z i ) is the spatial coordinate of the data, t i is the timestamp of the data, c i The content of the data, for example, c i It can be the pixel value of an image, the number of frames in a video, the waveform of an audio, the characters of a text, etc.

[0070] Data preprocessing: Let P be the preprocessing function, in is the preprocessed data, in are the spatial coordinates after calibration and alignment, is the timestamp after calibration and alignment, The content after denoising and filtering;

[0071] Data feature extraction: Let F be the feature extraction function, where f i is the feature vector of the data, f i =(f i1 ,fi2 ,…,f im ), m is the dimension of the feature, f ij is the jth feature, j = 1, 2, ..., m, for example, f ij It can be the color, texture, shape, edge and other features of images, the motion, lighting, scene and other features of videos, the frequency, amplitude, rhythm and other features of audio, the vocabulary, grammar, semantics and other features of texts;

[0072] Data classification and recognition: Let C be the classification and recognition function, C(f i )=l i , where l i is the category and label of the data, l i =(l i1 ,l i2 ), where l i1 is the category of data, such as personnel, machinery, components, environment, etc. i2 Labels for data, such as the location, identity, status of personnel, the location, type, status of machinery, the location, type, status of components, and the temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise, pollution, etc. of the environment.

[0073] As an optimized technical solution, the data communication module includes:

[0074] The data transmission submodule is responsible for using cloud computing and Internet of Things technologies to transmit the data collected by the data perception module to the virtual construction site generated by the scene reconstruction design module, and to achieve real-time data updates;

[0075] The data storage submodule is responsible for using cloud computing and Internet of Things technologies to store the data collected by the data perception module in the cloud database and realize data security protection and management;

[0076] The implementation steps include the following parts:

[0077] Input: The data collected by the input data perception module includes information such as personnel, machinery, components, environment, and the standard format, characteristics, categories, and labels of the data;

[0078] Data transmission: Using cloud computing and Internet of Things technologies, the data collected by the data perception module is transmitted to the virtual construction site generated by the scene reconstruction design module, and the data is updated in real time to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the virtual construction site;

[0079] Data storage: Using cloud computing and IoT technologies, the data collected by the data sensing module is stored in the cloud database, and data security protection and management are achieved to prevent data leakage and abuse;

[0080] Output: The transmission and storage status of output data for use by the data processing module and the evaluation feedback module.

[0081] As an optimized technical solution, the data processing module includes:

[0082] The risk identification submodule is responsible for processing and analyzing the data in the virtual construction site using the Bayesian network to identify various risk factors in the construction site, including personnel risk, machinery risk, component risk, and environmental risk;

[0083] The risk assessment submodule is responsible for quantifying and weighting various risk factors of construction sites using the analytic hierarchy process, and calculating the loss index of each accident based on the accident chain and uncertainty factors, thereby achieving quantification and standardization of construction safety assessment;

[0084] The risk control submodule is responsible for taking corresponding early warning and control measures based on the results of the risk assessment submodule, including activating alarms and ventilators, and sending risk warnings and suggestions to management and construction personnel;

[0085] This work step includes the following parts:

[0086] Input: Input the 3D scene of the virtual construction site and the data transmitted by the data communication module, including information such as personnel, machinery, components, environment, and the standard format, characteristics, categories and labels of the data;

[0087] Risk identification: Using Bayesian networks, the data in the virtual construction site is processed and analyzed to identify various risk factors in the construction site, including personnel risk, machinery risk, component risk, environmental risk, etc., and a list and description of the risk factors are output;

[0088] Risk assessment: Quantify and weight various risk factors at construction sites using the analytic hierarchy process, and calculate the loss index of each accident based on the accident chain and uncertainty factors, thereby quantifying and standardizing construction safety assessments and outputting risk levels and scores;

[0089] Risk control: Based on the results of risk assessment, take corresponding early warning and control measures, including activating alarms and ventilators, sending risk warnings and suggestions to management and construction personnel, and outputting risk control plans and effects;

[0090] Risk identification: Let R be the set of risk factors, r i is the i-th risk factor, i = 1, 2, ..., k, k is the total number of risk factors, r i It can be personnel risk, mechanical risk, component risk, environmental risk, etc. i The description ofi =(s i ,t i ,c i ), where s i is the source of risk factors, t i is the type of risk factor, c i For risk factors, e.g. i It can be the location, identity, status, etc. of personnel, the location, type, status, etc. of machinery, the location, type, status, etc. of components, the temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise, pollution, etc. of the environment; let B be a Bayesian network, B(r i |D) is the risk factor r under the condition of given data D i The probability of occurrence, D is the data in the virtual construction site, including information such as personnel, machinery, components, environment, and the standard format, characteristics, categories and labels of the data; the risk identification process can be expressed as:

[0091] R=r i ∣B(r i ∣D)getheta

[0092] Among them, θ in getheta is the threshold for risk identification, which is generally 0.5 or higher, indicating that only when the probability of a risk factor occurring is greater than or equal to the threshold, it will be identified as a valid risk factor;

[0093] Risk assessment: Let A be the risk assessment matrix, A = (a ij ) krimesk , where a ij Represents risk factor r i Relative to risk factors j The importance of ij The value range of is [1,9], where 1 means that the two risk factors are equally important, 9 means that one risk factor is 9 times more important than the other risk factor, and the intermediate values ​​3, 5, and 7 respectively mean that one risk factor is 3, 5, and 7 times more important than the other risk factor. If one risk factor is not more important than the other, the reciprocal is taken. For example, a ij =1 / 3 represents the risk factor r i Risk factor j 3 times less important; let W be the weight vector of risk factors, W = (w i ) ktimes1 , where w i Represents risk factor r i The weight, w i The value range is [0,1] and satisfies ∑w i =1; Let L be the loss vector of risk factors, L = (l i )ktimes1 , where l i Represents risk factor r i The resulting loss index, l i The value range is [0,1], where 0 represents no loss, 1 represents the maximum loss, and the intermediate value represents the corresponding degree of loss; let S be the risk score vector of the risk factor, S = (s i ) ktimes1 , where s i Represents risk factor r i The risk score, s i The value range of is [0,1], where 0 represents no risk, 1 represents the highest risk, and the intermediate value represents the corresponding risk level; the risk assessment process can be expressed as:

[0094] W=w i ∣w i =fracsuma ij sumsuma ij ,i=1,2,dots,k

[0095] S=s i ∣s i =witimesl i ,i=1,2,dots,k

[0096] In this embodiment, the system further includes:

[0097] A design optimization module, which optimizes and adjusts the design plan of the construction site based on the results of the data processing module by using robots, 3D printing, and prefabricated components to reduce construction risks and improve construction efficiency;

[0098] A construction optimization module, which optimizes and adjusts the construction plan of the construction site based on the results of the data processing module by using robots, 3D printing, and prefabricated components to reduce construction risks and improve construction quality.

[0099] Embodiment 2:

[0100] In this embodiment, the design optimization module includes:

[0101] Design analysis submodule: This submodule is responsible for using robots to analyze the design plan of the construction site and identify the risks and improvement points in the design;

[0102] The design adjustment submodule is responsible for using 3D printing to adjust the design plan of the construction site according to the results of the design analysis submodule to eliminate or reduce risk points and improvement points;

[0103] Design verification submodule, which is responsible for verifying the design plan of the construction site using prefabricated components according to the results of the design adjustment submodule to ensure the feasibility and rationality of the design.

[0104] Specifically, the construction optimization module includes:

[0105] The construction analysis submodule is responsible for using robots to analyze the construction plan of the construction site and identify the risk points and improvement points in the construction;

[0106] The construction adjustment submodule is responsible for using 3D printing to adjust the construction plan of the construction site according to the results of the construction analysis submodule to eliminate or reduce risk points and improvement points;

[0107] The construction verification submodule is responsible for verifying the construction plan of the construction site using prefabricated components according to the results of the construction adjustment submodule to ensure the feasibility and rationality of the construction;

[0108] The system also includes:

[0109] Visualization interaction module: This module is responsible for using virtual reality (VR) technology to present the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site and the results of the data processing module to management and construction personnel in a clear and intuitive manner, and to realize interactive operations with the virtual construction site;

[0110] Evaluation and feedback module: This module is responsible for using artificial intelligence technology to evaluate and provide feedback on the system's operating performance and the results of construction safety assessment, and optimize and improve each module of the system based on the evaluation and feedback results;

[0111] The visual interaction module includes:

[0112] Visualization display submodule: This submodule is responsible for using VR technology to present the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site and the results of the data processing module to the management and construction personnel in the form of graphics, charts, and animations, including the distribution of risk factors, the classification of risk levels, risk warnings, and suggestions;

[0113] Interactive operation submodule: This submodule is responsible for using VR technology to realize the interactive operation between management and construction personnel and the virtual construction site, including observation, query, modification, and control functions;

[0114] The evaluation process includes the following parts:

[0115] Input: Input the system's operating effects and construction safety assessment results, including the output data of the data communication module, data processing module, scenario reconstruction design module, and risk control module, as well as the standard format, features, categories, and labels of the data;

[0116] Evaluation: Using artificial intelligence technology, the system's operating effects and construction safety assessment results are evaluated, including the evaluation of the functions, performance, accuracy, real-time, reliability, and availability of each module, as well as the efficiency, effect, and satisfaction of the entire system, and the evaluation indicators and evaluation values ​​are output;

[0117] Feedback: Based on the evaluation results, feedback is provided on each module of the system, including feedback on the advantages, disadvantages, problems, suggestions, etc. of each module, as well as feedback on the improvement, optimization, and upgrade of the entire system, and feedback reports and feedback suggestions are output;

[0118] Output: Output the evaluation results of the evaluation feedback module, including evaluation indicators, evaluation values, feedback reports, feedback suggestions, etc., for reference and use by the system's developers, managers, users, etc.;

[0119] Evaluation: Let E be the set of evaluation indicators, e i is the i-th evaluation index, i = 1, 2, ..., m, m is the total number of evaluation indicators, e i It can be functionality, performance, accuracy, real-time, reliability, availability, etc. i The description is i =(n i ,d i ), where n i is the name of the evaluation index, d i is the definition of the evaluation index, for example, d i It can be the speed of data transmission, the accuracy of data processing, the authenticity of scene reconstruction, the effectiveness of risk control, etc. Let V be the set of evaluation values, v i is the i-th evaluation value, i=1,2,…,m,v i is the evaluation index e i The evaluation value, v i The value range is [0,1], where 0 represents the worst, 1 represents the best, and the intermediate value represents the corresponding evaluation level; let A be the set of artificial intelligence technologies, a i is the i-th artificial intelligence technology, i = 1, 2, ..., n, n is the total number of artificial intelligence technologies, a i It can be machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, fuzzy logic, expert systems, etc. i The description is a i =(f i ,p i ), where f i For the function of artificial intelligence technology, p i is the parameter of artificial intelligence technology, for example, p iIt can be learning rate, number of iterations, activation function, loss function, etc.; the evaluation process can be expressed as:

[0120] V=v i ∣v i =a i (e i ,D),i=1,2,dots,m

[0121] Where D is the operating effect of the system and the result of construction safety assessment, including the output data of the data communication module, data processing module, scenario reconstruction design module, risk control module, and the standard format, characteristics, categories and labels of the data;

[0122] Feedback: Let R be the set of feedback reports, r i is the i-th feedback report, i=1,2,…,m,r i is the evaluation index e i Feedback report, r i The description of i =(s i ,t i ,c i ), where s i The source of the feedback report, t i is the type of feedback report, c i For the content of the feedback report, for example, c i It can be advantages, disadvantages, problems, suggestions, etc. Let S be the set of feedback suggestions, s i is the i-th feedback suggestion, i=1,2,…,m,s i is the evaluation index e i Feedback suggestions, i The description is i =(g i ,h i ), where g i The target of the feedback suggestion is h i Suggested methods for feedback, e.g. i It can be improvement, optimization, upgrade, etc.; the feedback process can be expressed as:

[0123] R=r i ∣r i =a i (v i ,D),i=1,2,dots,m

[0124] S=s i ∣s i =a i (r i ,D),i=1,2,dots,m

[0125] Among them, D is the operating effect of the system and the result of construction safety assessment, including the output data of the data communication module, data processing module, scenario reconstruction design module, risk control module, as well as the standard format, characteristics, categories and labels of the data.

[0126] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot limit the scope of protection of the present invention in turn. Various combinations, modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by technicians in this field do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction site safety assessment system, characterized in that: The system includes: The scene reconstruction design module is responsible for designing and generating a three-dimensional scene of a virtual construction site and its corresponding relationship with a physical construction site based on a building information model and multi-dimensional modeling technology. The scene reconstruction design module includes: The scene generation submodule is responsible for generating the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site based on the design drawings and construction plan of the construction site using the building information model and multi-dimensional modeling technology; The scene correspondence submodule is responsible for updating the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site in real time according to the actual situation of the construction site and the data of the data perception module, and establishing a corresponding relationship with the physical construction site; The data perception module is responsible for collecting data using drones, lidar, and sensors to collect real-time information about personnel, machinery, components, and the environment at the construction site, and convert the data into a standard format. The data perception module includes: The personnel perception submodule is responsible for using drones and sensors to collect personnel information on the construction site in real time, including the location, identity, and status of personnel, and convert the data into a standard format; The mechanical perception submodule is responsible for using lidar and sensors to collect real-time information about machinery on the construction site, including the location, type, and status of the machinery, and convert the data into a standard format; The component perception submodule is responsible for using drones and sensors to collect component information on the construction site in real time, including the location, type, and status of the components, and convert the data into a standard format; The environmental perception submodule is responsible for using drones and sensors to collect real-time environmental information of the construction site, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise, and pollution, and converting the data into a standard format; The data communication module is responsible for transmitting the data collected by the data perception module to the virtual construction site generated by the scene reconstruction design module by using cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and mobile device technologies, and storing the data in a cloud database. The data communication module includes: The data transmission submodule is responsible for using cloud computing and Internet of Things technologies to transmit the data collected by the data perception module to the virtual construction site generated by the scene reconstruction design module, and to achieve real-time data updates; The data storage submodule is responsible for using cloud computing and IoT technologies to store the data collected by the data perception module in a cloud database and to achieve data security protection and management; The data processing module is responsible for processing and analyzing the data in the virtual construction site using Bayesian networks and hierarchical analysis methods, identifying and evaluating construction risks, and taking corresponding early warning and control measures according to the risk level. The data processing module includes: The risk identification submodule is responsible for processing and analyzing the data in the virtual construction site using the Bayesian network to identify various risk factors in the construction site, including personnel risk, machinery risk, component risk, and environmental risk; The risk assessment submodule is responsible for quantifying and weighting various risk factors at construction sites using the analytic hierarchy process, and calculating the loss index of each accident based on the accident chain and uncertainty factors, thereby achieving quantification and standardization of construction safety assessment; The risk control submodule is responsible for taking corresponding early warning and control measures based on the results of the risk assessment submodule, including activating alarms and ventilators, and sending risk warnings and suggestions to management and construction personnel; The design optimization module optimizes and adjusts the design plan of the construction site by using robots, 3D printing, and prefabricated components based on the results of the data processing module to reduce construction risks and improve construction efficiency. The design optimization module includes: The design analysis submodule is responsible for using robots to analyze the design plans of the construction site and identify the risks and improvement points in the design; The design adjustment submodule is responsible for using 3D printing to adjust the design plan of the construction site according to the results of the design analysis submodule to eliminate or reduce risk points and improvement points; The design verification submodule is responsible for verifying the design plan of the construction site using prefabricated components based on the results of the design adjustment submodule to ensure the feasibility and rationality of the design; The construction optimization module optimizes and adjusts the construction plan of the construction site by using robots, 3D printing, and prefabricated components based on the results of the data processing module to reduce construction risks and improve construction quality. The construction optimization module includes: The construction analysis submodule is responsible for using robots to analyze the construction plan of the construction site and identify the risks and improvement points in the construction; The construction adjustment submodule is responsible for using 3D printing to adjust the construction plan of the construction site according to the results of the construction analysis submodule to eliminate or reduce risk points and improvement points; The construction verification submodule is responsible for verifying the construction plan of the construction site using prefabricated components based on the results of the construction adjustment submodule to ensure the feasibility and rationality of the construction; The visualization interaction module is responsible for using VR technology to present the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site and the results of the data processing module to the management and construction personnel in a clear and intuitive way, and to realize interactive operations with the virtual construction site; The evaluation and feedback module is responsible for using artificial intelligence technology to evaluate and provide feedback on the system's operating performance and the results of construction safety assessment, and to optimize and improve each module of the system based on the evaluation and feedback results; The visual interaction module includes: The visualization submodule is responsible for using VR technology to present the three-dimensional scene of the virtual construction site and the results of the data processing module to the management and construction personnel in the form of graphics, charts, and animations, including the distribution of risk factors, the classification of risk levels, risk warnings, and suggestions; The interactive operation submodule is responsible for using VR technology to realize the interactive operation between management and construction personnel and the virtual construction site, including observation, query, modification, and control functions; The steps for risk identification and assessment are as follows: Input: Input the 3D scene of the virtual construction site and the data transmitted by the data communication module, including personnel, machinery, components, environmental information, and the standard format, characteristics, categories and labels of the data; Risk identification: Using Bayesian networks, the data in the virtual construction site is processed and analyzed to identify various risk factors in the construction site, including personnel risk, machinery risk, component risk, and environmental risk, and a list and description of the risk factors are output; specifically, is a collection of risk factors, For the risk factors, , is the total number of risk factors, It is one or more of personnel risk, mechanical risk, component risk, and environmental risk. The description is ,in The source of risk factors, is the type of risk factor, For the content of risk factors, It is one or more of the following: the position, identity, and status of personnel, the position, type, and status of machinery, the position, type, and status of components, and the temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise, and pollution of the environment; is a Bayesian network, For the given data Under these conditions, risk factors The probability of occurrence, is the data in the virtual construction site, including personnel, machinery, components, environmental information, and the standard format, characteristics, categories and labels of the data; the risk identification process is expressed as: in, In is the threshold for risk identification, taking a value of 0.5 or higher, indicating that a risk factor is identified as a valid risk factor only when the probability of its occurrence is greater than or equal to the threshold; Risk assessment: Quantify and weight various risk factors of construction sites using the analytic hierarchy process, and calculate the loss index of each accident based on the accident chain and uncertainty factors, so as to achieve quantification and standardization of construction safety assessment, and output risk levels and scores; specifically, is the risk assessment matrix, ,in Indicates risk factors Relative to risk factors The importance of The value range of is [1,9], where 1 means that the two risk factors are equally important, 9 means that one risk factor is 9 times more important than the other risk factor, and the intermediate values ​​3, 5, and 7 respectively mean that one risk factor is 3, 5, and 7 times more important than the other risk factor. If one risk factor is not more important than the other risk factor, the reciprocal value is taken. is the weight vector of risk factors, ,in Indicates risk factors The weight of The value range of is [0,1] and satisfies ;set up is the loss vector of the risk factor, ,in Indicates risk factors The loss index caused by The value range of is [0,1], where 0 represents no loss, 1 represents the maximum loss, and the intermediate value represents the corresponding loss degree; is the risk score vector of risk factors, ,in Indicates risk factors The risk score of The value range of is [0,1], where 0 represents no risk, 1 represents the highest risk, and the intermediate value represents the corresponding risk level; the risk assessment process is expressed as: Risk control: Based on the results of risk assessment, take corresponding early warning and control measures, including activating alarms and ventilators, sending risk warnings and suggestions to management and construction personnel, and outputting risk control plans and effects.

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