Hydrogen charging method and system for solid hydrogen storage device

Abstract

The application provides a hydrogen filling method and system of a solid-state hydrogen storage device, the method comprising the following steps: connecting a hydrogen filling gun to an inlet end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and filling hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a first rate, so that a solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores hydrogen; acquiring a real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a preset acquisition period; when the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is greater than a first temperature threshold, discharging hydrogen subjected to heat exchange from an exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and filling hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a second rate, wherein the second rate is greater than the first rate; and stopping hydrogen filling until the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state. The method can control the hydrogen absorption temperature to be optimal, reduce the hydrogen filling time, and take out the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption of the hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device through cold hydrogen, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology, in particular to a hydrogen charging method and system of a solid-state hydrogen storage device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen storage technology mainly includes material hydrogen storage and physical hydrogen storage. Physical hydrogen storage is divided into gaseous hydrogen storage and liquid hydrogen storage. Gaseous hydrogen storage has the advantages of fast hydrogen charging and discharging speed, low hydrogen storage energy consumption, low cost, mature technology, etc., and has become the first commercialized hydrogen storage technology. Solid-state hydrogen storage technology can solve the two problems of high-density hydrogen storage and safe application of hydrogen energy due to its high volume hydrogen storage density, safety, no need for high-pressure containers, and the ability to improve the purity of hydrogen. At the same time, the hydrogen pressure generated by PEM and AEM water electrolysis can meet the hydrogen charging pressure of solid-state hydrogen storage, so solid-state hydrogen storage technology is considered to be one of the best hydrogen storage methods for off-grid power generation with renewable energy.

[0003] Solid-state hydrogen storage refers to the storage of hydrogen in solid materials by physical and chemical adsorption of hydrogen on the materials. During the hydrogen charging process, the alloy hydrogen storage material absorbs hydrogen to generate metal hydride through an exothermic reaction at a certain temperature and hydrogen pressure. In the prior art, the solid-state hydrogen storage device is usually cooled by natural cooling or other medium heat exchange, which has the problems of low heat exchange efficiency and long hydrogen charging time. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a hydrogen charging method and system for a solid-state hydrogen storage device, which can quickly raise the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device to the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature and control it at the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature, thereby reducing the hydrogen charging time, taking out the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption of the hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device through cold hydrogen, and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0005] The present application provides a hydrogen charging method for a solid-state hydrogen storage device, which comprises:

[0006] connecting a hydrogen charging gun to the gas inlet end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device and charging hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a first rate, and the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores hydrogen;

[0007] acquiring the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a preset acquisition period;

[0008] When the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is greater than a first temperature threshold, controlling the exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device to discharge the heat-exchanged hydrogen, and filling the solid-state hydrogen storage device with hydrogen at a second rate, wherein the second rate is greater than the first rate;

[0009] The hydrogen charging is stopped until the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen saturation state.

[0010] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0011] When the time duration during which the real-time temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold exceeds a preset time duration, hydrogen is charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a third rate, wherein the third rate is greater than the second rate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0013] When the time duration during which the real-time temperature is greater than a second temperature threshold exceeds a preset time duration, the charging of hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device is stopped, and the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0014] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0015] When the time duration during which the real-time temperature is less than or equal to a third temperature threshold exceeds a preset time duration, hydrogen is filled into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a fourth rate, wherein the third temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold, and the fourth rate is less than the first rate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0017] When the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is less than or equal to the third temperature threshold, and the flow rate of hydrogen charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage device is the same as the flow rate of hydrogen discharged from the solid-state hydrogen storage device after heat exchange, hydrogen charging is stopped.

[0018] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0019] A temperature sensor is used to obtain the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a preset acquisition period.

[0020] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0021] An adjustable pump is used to adjust the rate at which hydrogen is charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0022] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0023] The hydrogen that has undergone heat exchange is discharged from the exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, cooled by a cooling device, and then input into a hydrogenation machine for recovery.

[0024] An embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen charging system for a solid-state hydrogen storage device, which uses any of the above-described hydrogen charging methods for a solid-state hydrogen storage device to manage and control hydrogen charging.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] By connecting a hydrogen filling gun to the air inlet end of a solid-state hydrogen storage device and filling hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a first rate, the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores hydrogen; the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is obtained in a preset acquisition cycle; when the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is greater than a first temperature threshold, the exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is controlled to discharge the hydrogen that has undergone heat exchange, and hydrogen is filled into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a second rate, wherein the second rate is greater than the first rate; hydrogen filling is stopped until the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state; the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device can be quickly raised to the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature and controlled at the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature, thereby reducing the hydrogen filling time, and the heat generated by hydrogen absorption by the hydrogen storage material of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is brought out of the solid-state hydrogen storage device through cold hydrogen, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the implementation flow of a hydrogen charging method for a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] In the following description, reference is made to “some embodiments”, which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it will be understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0031] If the application file contains similar descriptions of "first, second, third", the following description is added: in the following description, the terms "first, second, third" involved only distinguish similar objects, do not represent the specific order of the object, and it can be understood that "first, second, third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence as allowed, so that the application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the specification is for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application.

[0033] The present application provides a hydrogen filling method and system for a solid-state hydrogen storage device, Figure 1 The implementation process schematic diagram of the hydrogen filling method for a solid-state hydrogen storage device provided by the present application is shown in Figure 1 The method comprises the following steps:

[0034] Step S1: connect the hydrogen filling gun to the gas inlet end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and fill hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a first rate, and the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores hydrogen;

[0035] In the present application, the hydrogen gun of the hydrogen filling machine is connected to the gas inlet end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, an adjustable pump is arranged on the gas inlet pipeline between the hydrogen filling machine and the hydrogen gun, the adjustable pump is used to adjust the rate of hydrogen filling into the solid-state hydrogen storage device, the gas outlet end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is connected to the storage tank for storing hot hydrogen, the controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device sends an instruction to the controller of the hydrogen filling machine to open the switch valve, and the hydrogen gun discharges hydrogen. The hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen gun is cold hydrogen, and the temperature of the cold hydrogen is preferably less than 15℃. The controller of the hydrogen filling machine controls the adjustable pump to work at a first output, and then the controller of the hydrogen filling machine sends an instruction to the controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device to control the switch valve and the mass flow meter at the gas inlet end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device to open, so that hydrogen is filled into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a first rate. The solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores hydrogen.

[0036] Step S2: acquire the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a preset acquisition period;

[0037] In the present application, a temperature sensor is used to acquire the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a preset acquisition period. The temperature sensor is arranged in the solid-state hydrogen storage device and is in communication connection with the controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0038] Step S3: When the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is greater than a first temperature threshold, controlling the exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device to discharge the hydrogen that has undergone heat exchange, and charging hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a second rate, wherein the second rate is greater than the first rate;

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the first temperature threshold may be the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature. The initial temperature within the solid-state hydrogen storage device is typically lower than the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature. After hydrogen is charged through the hydrogen gun, the solid-state hydrogen storage material of the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs hydrogen and releases heat, causing the temperature within the solid-state hydrogen storage device to rise. Since the on-off valve on the exhaust end is not opened at this time, the real-time temperature within the solid-state hydrogen storage device rises rapidly until the real-time temperature within the solid-state hydrogen storage device exceeds the first temperature threshold (optimal hydrogen absorption temperature). Then, the controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device controls the on-off valve and mass flow meter at the exhaust end to open, and the hot hydrogen after heat exchange is discharged through the exhaust end. As a result, the real-time temperature within the solid-state hydrogen storage device drops. To maintain the real-time temperature within the solid-state hydrogen storage device at the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature, the controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device issues a command to the controller of the hydrogen refueling machine. The controller of the hydrogen refueling machine controls the adjustable pump to operate at a second output, which is greater than the first output, and to charge hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a second rate, thereby maintaining the real-time temperature within the solid-state hydrogen storage device at the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature, thereby reducing the hydrogen charging time.

[0040] Step S4: Stop charging hydrogen until the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device reaches a saturated state of hydrogen absorption.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present application, the flow rate of hydrogen filled into the solid-state hydrogen storage device and the flow rate of hydrogen discharged from the solid-state hydrogen storage device after heat exchange can be made the same as the condition for stopping hydrogen charging. When the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state, the controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device controls the switch valves and mass flowmeter at the air inlet and exhaust ends to close, and hydrogen charging is stopped.

[0042] To summarize, by connecting the hydrogen filling gun to the air inlet end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device and filling hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a first rate, the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores hydrogen; the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is obtained in a preset acquisition period; when the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is greater than a first temperature threshold, the exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is controlled to discharge the hydrogen that has undergone heat exchange, and hydrogen is filled into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a second rate, wherein the second rate is greater than the first rate; until the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen absorption saturation state, hydrogen filling is stopped; the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device can be quickly raised to the optimal hydrogen absorption temperature, thereby improving the hydrogen absorption efficiency and reducing the hydrogen filling time, and the heat generated by the hydrogen storage material of the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbing hydrogen is brought out of the solid-state hydrogen storage device through cold hydrogen, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0043] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0044] Step S100: When the time duration during which the real-time temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold exceeds a preset time duration, hydrogen is charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a third rate, wherein the third rate is greater than the second rate.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present application, when the time duration during which the real-time temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold exceeds a preset time duration, it indicates that the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is high and the temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device needs to be lowered. The controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device sends an instruction to the controller of the hydrogen filling machine to control the adjustable pump to operate at a third output, the third output is greater than the second output, and hydrogen is filled into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a third rate, thereby accelerating the flow of hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device, thereby accelerating the efficiency of discharging hot hydrogen from the exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and achieving the purpose of lowering the temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device, avoiding the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device being too high, and affecting the efficiency of hydrogen absorption by the solid-state hydrogen storage material of the solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0046] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0047] Step S200: When the time duration during which the real-time temperature is greater than a second temperature threshold exceeds a preset time duration, stopping charging hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the second temperature threshold value may be the highest hydrogen filling temperature. When the real-time temperature is greater than the second temperature threshold value for a period of time exceeding a preset period of time, it indicates that the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device exceeds the maximum hydrogen filling temperature, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device is abnormally filling hydrogen. At this time, the controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device controls the switch valve and the mass flow meter at the air inlet end to be closed to stop hydrogen filling, and the controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device controls the switch valve and the mass flow meter at the exhaust end to be closed to stop hydrogen discharge. The controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device sends an instruction to the controller of the hydrogen filling machine to control the adjustable pump to stop working, thereby causing the hydrogen gun to stop filling hydrogen to the air inlet end.

[0049] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0050] Step S300: When the time duration during which the real-time temperature is less than or equal to a third temperature threshold exceeds a preset time duration, hydrogen is charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a fourth rate, wherein the third temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold, and the fourth rate is less than the first rate.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present application, the third temperature threshold may be the maximum temperature at which the solid-state hydrogen storage device completes hydrogen charging. When the real-time temperature is less than or equal to the third temperature threshold for longer than a preset time, it indicates that hydrogen charging of the solid-state hydrogen storage device may be completed. At this time, the controller of the solid-state hydrogen storage device sends an instruction to the controller of the hydrogen filling machine to control the adjustable pump to operate at the fourth output, thereby reducing the flow of cold hydrogen entering the solid-state hydrogen storage device, thereby reducing the flow of hydrogen discharged from the exhaust end, and reducing the flow of hot hydrogen that needs to be processed subsequently.

[0052] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0053] Step S400: When the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is less than or equal to the third temperature threshold, and the flow rate of hydrogen charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage device is the same as the flow rate of hydrogen discharged from the solid-state hydrogen storage device after heat exchange, hydrogen charging is stopped.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, it is determined whether the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is less than or equal to the third temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is less than or equal to the third temperature threshold, it indicates that hydrogen charging of the solid-state hydrogen storage device may be completed. Then, it is determined whether the flow rate of hydrogen charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage device and the flow rate of hydrogen discharged from the solid-state hydrogen storage device after heat exchange are the same. If they are the same, it indicates that the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device has reached a hydrogen absorption saturation state, hydrogen charging is completed, and hydrogen charging is stopped to prevent misjudgment.

[0055] In some embodiments, the method comprises:

[0056] Step S500: After the hydrogen undergoing heat exchange is discharged from the exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, it is cooled by a cooling device and then input into a hydrogenation machine for recovery.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen discharged through the exhaust end is cooled by a cooling device and then input into the hydrogenation machine for recovery, thereby achieving cost reduction and rate increase.

[0058] An embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen charging system for a solid-state hydrogen storage device, which uses any of the above-described hydrogen charging methods for a solid-state hydrogen storage device to manage and control hydrogen charging.

[0059] The effects of the hydrogen charging system of the present application are consistent with those of the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] It should be understood that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, object, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, object, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, object, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0062] The above is merely an embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for charging a solid-state hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: The method comprises: Connecting a hydrogenation gun to the air inlet of a solid-state hydrogen storage device and charging hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a first rate, so that the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device absorbs and stores the hydrogen; Acquiring the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a preset acquisition period; When the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is greater than a first temperature threshold, controlling the exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device to discharge the heat-exchanged hydrogen, and filling the solid-state hydrogen storage device with hydrogen at a second rate, wherein the second rate is greater than the first rate; When the real-time temperature is greater than the first temperature threshold for a period exceeding a preset period, filling the solid-state hydrogen storage device with hydrogen at a third rate, wherein the third rate is greater than the second rate; If the real-time temperature is greater than a second temperature threshold for a period exceeding a preset period, stopping the charging of hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device, and the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold; When the real-time temperature is less than or equal to a third temperature threshold for a period exceeding a preset period, charging hydrogen into the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a fourth rate, wherein the third temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold, and the fourth rate is less than the first rate; The hydrogen charging is stopped until the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage device reaches a hydrogen saturation state.

2. A hydrogen charging method for a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: When the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device is less than or equal to the third temperature threshold, and the flow rate of hydrogen charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage device is the same as the flow rate of hydrogen discharged from the solid-state hydrogen storage device after heat exchange, hydrogen charging is stopped.

3. The hydrogen charging method of a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: A temperature sensor is used to obtain the real-time temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device at a preset acquisition period.

4. The hydrogen charging method for a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: An adjustable pump is used to adjust the rate at which hydrogen is charged into the solid-state hydrogen storage device.

5. The hydrogen charging method for a solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: The hydrogen that has undergone heat exchange is discharged from the exhaust end of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, cooled by a cooling device, and then input into a hydrogenation machine for recovery.

6. A hydrogen charging system for a solid-state hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: The hydrogen charging system adopts the hydrogen charging method of the solid-state hydrogen storage device described in any one of claims 1 to 5 to perform hydrogen charging management and control.

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