A water-lubricated radial bearing based on non-uniform thickness design of the tile surface layer

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of sliding bearings, and discloses a water-lubricated radial bearing based on a non-uniform thickness design of a tile surface layer, comprising: a component mechanism for reducing stress concentration, the component mechanism comprising a bearing housing, a rotating shaft, and a slat assembly, the slat assembly being arranged inside the bearing housing, the rotating shaft being arranged in the middle of the bearing housing, for jointly bearing and reducing the bearing load; a locking mechanism, which is arranged inside the bearing housing, for quickly connecting the slat assembly to the bearing housing, allowing for flexible combination according to different application requirements, and facilitating replacement and maintenance operations. By adopting a water-lubricated radial bearing with a non-uniform thickness design of a tile surface layer, the tile surface layer can be gradually thickened as the load increases, thereby increasing the contact area and reducing stress concentration. This design effectively solves the problems of local deformation, stress concentration, and severe wear that are prone to occur in traditional uniform thickness tile surface layers under eccentric loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sliding bearings, in particular to a water-lubricated radial bearing based on a non-uniform thickness design of a tile surface layer. Background Art

[0002] The water-lubricated stern bearing is a crucial component of a ship's propulsion system, supporting the weight of the stern shaft and propeller. As ship size increases, the propeller shaft bends and tilts under the weight of the propeller. This creates significant edge loads on the stern bearing, resulting in high localized loads and severely impacting its performance. Improving bearing lubrication, friction, and vibration characteristics under off-center loads and axis tilt is a significant challenge facing large ships.

[0003] Water-lubricated tail bearings typically consist of a non-metallic tile surface layer (or "liner") and a metal base (or "bushing"). Currently, water-lubricated tail bearings offer a wide variety of structural forms and material types. Based on the relationship between the tile surface layer and the base, they can be categorized as either integral or slatted. Based on the location and number of water grooves, they can be categorized as fully slotted or partially slotted. The former has grooves evenly spaced around the circumference, while the latter has grooves located only on the upper portion of the bearing, with no grooves on the lower portion. Tiled surface materials primarily include synthetic nitrile rubber, modified rubber, and composite polymers.

[0004] However, existing bearings face a number of challenges, particularly when dealing with off-center loading and uneven axial loads. Off-center loading refers to uneven load distribution caused by axis tilt or installation errors. Under these conditions, the bearing pad surface often experiences uneven pressure distribution, which can increase wear on the pad surface, reduce the bearing life, and increase maintenance costs. Furthermore, since the ship's stern bearing generates a large amount of heat during operation, the existing bearings have limited heat dissipation capacity and cannot effectively conduct and dissipate heat, causing the bearing to overheat, affecting performance and safety. This is especially true in saltwater environments, where the limited bearings are susceptible to corrosion and have insufficient sound insulation performance, failing to meet the current demand for a low-noise operating environment, thereby increasing the cost of the bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a water-lubricated radial bearing based on a non-uniform thickness design of the tile surface layer, which solves the problem of uneven load distribution caused by axis tilt or installation error, and the inability to effectively conduct and dissipate heat, thereby causing bearing overheating and affecting performance and safety. Especially in a salty water environment, the limited bearings are easily corroded and have insufficient sound insulation performance, which cannot meet the current demand for a low-noise operating environment, thereby increasing the cost of bearing use.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a water-lubricated radial bearing based on a non-uniform thickness design of a pad surface layer, comprising:

[0007] A component mechanism for reducing stress concentration, comprising a bearing housing, a rotating shaft, and a slat assembly, wherein the slat assembly is disposed inside the bearing housing, and the rotating shaft is disposed in the middle of the bearing housing, for jointly bearing and reducing the bearing load;

[0008] A locking mechanism is provided inside the bearing housing for quickly connecting the slat assembly to the bearing housing, allowing for flexible combination according to different application requirements and facilitating replacement and maintenance operations.

[0009] Preferably, the slat assembly includes a tile base and a tile surface layer, the tile base is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bearing housing, the tile surface layer is fixedly connected to the inner side of the tile base, a positioning block is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tile base, a positioning groove is opened in the middle of the bearing housing, and the positioning block is slidably connected to the middle of the positioning groove.

[0010] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes two compression springs 1, the adjacent ends of the two compression springs 1 are fixedly connected to a connecting plate, the adjacent sides of the two connecting plates are respectively fixedly connected to electromagnet 1 and electromagnet 2, the interior of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to compression spring 2, the other end of compression spring 2 is fixedly connected to an extrusion block, and the extrusion block is in contact with the positioning block.

[0011] Preferably, the tile surface layer and the tile base are both non-uniform thickness structures, the thickness of the tile surface layer gradually increases along the axial direction, and the thickness of the tile base gradually decreases along the axial direction.

[0012] Preferably, the purpose of increasing the contact area between the inclined shaft and the tile surface layer is achieved by adjusting the thickness difference b-a of the tile surface layer. The thickness difference is related to the size and position of the eccentric load force, and the formula is: ba≈Ltanγ

[0013] Where L is the bearing length in m;

[0014] γ is the axis inclination angle, in degrees.

[0015] Preferably, when the tile surface layer is rubber, the tile surface layer is vulcanized on the inner surface of the tile base; when the tile surface layer is made of Sailong and Feilong polymer materials, the tile surface layer and the tile base are bonded with underwater strong glue.

[0016] Preferably, the bearing adopts a combination of slat components based on equal thickness tile surface layers and slat components based on non-equal thickness tile surface layers to adapt to different application requirements. The combination methods include: the slat components have the same circumferential angles and use non-equal thickness tile surface layers, and all slat components have the same circumferential angles and use non-equal thickness tile surface layers at the bottom.

[0017] Preferably, another combination of bearings is that except for the slat assembly with non-uniform thickness tile surface layer at the bottom, the rest all use slat assemblies with uniform thickness tile surface layer, and the circumferential angle of the bottom slat assembly is larger than the circumferential angle of the remaining slat assemblies.

[0018] Preferably, the bearing is installed in an application where the bearing is unevenly loaded due to the tilt of the propeller shaft of the ship's propulsion shaft system.

[0019] Preferably, the tile surface layer includes: a wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer, a heat dissipation and antistatic layer, and an anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer;

[0020] The wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0021] Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene accounts for 75% to 85%;

[0022] Carbon nanotubes account for 10% to 20%;

[0023] Silica gel particles account for 3% to 7%;

[0024] The heat dissipation and antistatic layer comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0025] Graphite accounts for 70% to 80%;

[0026] Copper nanowires account for 15% to 25%;

[0027] High-impact polystyrene accounts for 3% to 7%;

[0028] The anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0029] Porous polyurethane accounts for 80% to 90%;

[0030] The metal-organic framework powder accounts for 10% to 20%.

[0031] Working principle: When in use, power is supplied to electromagnet 1 and electromagnet 2, so that the relative electromagnet 1 and electromagnet 2 move away from each other, and at the same time, the two connecting plates are respectively driven to compress the two compression springs 1. At this time, the tile base is inserted into the bearing housing. When the positioning block passes the original position of electromagnet 1 and electromagnet 2, the power supply state of electromagnet 1 and electromagnet 2 is disconnected, and under the action of compression spring 1, the two connecting plates can move electromagnet 1 and electromagnet 2 closer to each other, thereby restricting the positioning block and quickly connecting the tile base and the bearing housing. When the two connecting plates approach each other, the positioning block will squeeze the extrusion block, so that the extrusion block compresses the compression spring 2. When the two connecting plates are in contact, the extrusion block can squeeze the positioning block under the action of compression spring 2, thereby further improving the stability of the tile base.

[0032] Among them, when the load increases, the tile surface layer can be quickly replaced to increase the thickness of the tile surface layer, thereby reducing the problems of stress concentration and wear.

[0033] The present invention provides a water-lubricated radial bearing based on a non-uniform thickness design of the tile surface layer. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present invention adopts a non-uniform thickness structure of the tile surface layer, so that the thickness of the tile surface layer can gradually become thicker and the deformation can gradually increase as the load increases, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the contact area and reducing stress concentration. This can effectively solve the problems of the existing water-lubricated tail bearing tile surface adopting a uniform thickness design, which suffers from large local deformation, stress concentration and severe wear under the action of eccentric load.

[0035] 2. The present invention can accurately configure the material according to the specific needs of the application through the non-uniform thickness design of the tile surface layer, reducing material waste. At the same time, due to reduced wear and tear, the maintenance cycle is extended, further reducing maintenance costs.

[0036] 3. The present invention can use the locking mechanism to quickly replace the combination of equal-thickness slats and unequal-thickness slats of the tile surface layer, as well as the circumferential angles of the unequal-thickness slats, according to actual working conditions, thereby fully leveraging the advantages of the unequal-thickness design and optimizing the bearing performance while avoiding the cost increase problem caused by all slats adopting a unequal-thickness structure.

[0037] 4. The present invention improves the adaptability of the bearing by improving the tile surface layer, so that the bearing can perform well under high humidity, high salt corrosion or extreme temperature conditions. At the same time, it increases the service life of the bearing, reduces the frequency of bearing replacement, and thus reduces the cost of bearing use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the components of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slats of different shapes and non-uniform thicknesses according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 and Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 and Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0045] Among them, 10, component mechanism; 101, tile surface layer; 102, tile base; 103, bearing housing; 104, positioning block; 105, positioning groove; 107, rotating shaft; 60, locking mechanism; 601, compression spring 1; 602, connecting plate; 603, electromagnet 1; 604, electromagnet 2; 605, compression spring 2; 606, extrusion block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10 The embodiment of the present invention provides a water-lubricated radial bearing based on a non-uniform thickness design of a pad surface layer, comprising:

[0048] The component mechanism 10 is used for the purpose of reducing stress concentration. The component mechanism 10 includes a bearing housing 103, a rotating shaft 107, and a slat assembly. The slat assembly is arranged inside the bearing housing 103. The rotating shaft 107 is arranged in the middle of the bearing housing 103 to share the load and reduce the bearing load. The bearing housing 103 is used to provide overall structural strength and protect internal components. The non-uniform thickness design of the slat assembly allows the contact area and pressure distribution to be automatically adjusted according to the load distribution when the rotating shaft 107 moves, effectively reducing stress concentration, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity and durability of the entire bearing and extending the service life of the bearing.

[0049] The locking mechanism 60 is arranged inside the bearing housing 103 and is used to quickly connect the slat assembly to the bearing housing 103, allowing flexible combination according to different application requirements and facilitating replacement and maintenance operations. When the bearing requires the use of slat assemblies of different thicknesses under different operating conditions, the locking mechanism 60 can quickly replace and reconfigure the slat assembly to adapt to the changing load.

[0050] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slat assembly includes a tile base 102 and a tile surface layer 101. The tile base 102 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bearing housing 103, and the tile surface layer 101 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the tile base 102. A positioning block 104 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tile base 102. A positioning groove 105 is opened in the middle of the bearing housing 103. The positioning block 104 is slidably connected to the middle of the positioning groove 105. The tile base 102 can provide a stable support platform for the tile surface layer 101. At the same time, the tile surface layer 101 is directly in contact with the rotating shaft 107 and is responsible for providing sliding lubrication function, wherein: a tile surface layer 101 and a tile base 102 constitute a slat assembly, and multiple slats are evenly arranged and fixed on the inner wall of the bearing housing 103 to jointly bear the bearing load.

[0051] Please see the attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking mechanism 60 includes two compression springs 601, and the adjacent ends of the two compression springs 601 are fixedly connected to a connecting plate 602. The adjacent sides of the two connecting plates 602 are respectively fixedly connected to an electromagnet 1 603 and an electromagnet 2 604. The interior of the connecting plate 602 is fixedly connected to a compression spring 2 605, and the other end of the compression spring 2 605 is fixedly connected to an extrusion block 606. The extrusion block 606 is in contact with the positioning block 104. By activating the electromagnet 1 603 and the electromagnet 2 604, the activated electromagnet 1 603 and the electromagnet 2 604 push the two connecting plates 602 to compress the compression spring 1 601, thereby releasing the restriction on the positioning block 104. The tile base 102 and the tile surface layer 101 can be installed or removed. At the same time, after the tile base 102 and the tile surface layer 101 are connected, by canceling the activation of electromagnet 1 603 and electromagnet 2 604 and under the action of compression spring 1 601, the connecting plate 602 can drive electromagnet 1 603 and electromagnet 2 604 to approach each other, thereby restricting the positioning block 104 and improving the installation efficiency of the tile base 102 and the tile surface layer 101. After the connection, the positioning block 104 can be squeezed under the action of compression spring 2 605 and squeezing block 606, thereby further improving the stability of the tile base 102 and the overall maintenance efficiency. It can be flexibly combined and configured according to different application requirements.

[0052] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shoe surface layer 101 and the shoe base 102 are both non-uniform thickness structures. The thickness of the shoe surface layer 101 gradually increases along the axial direction, and the thickness of the shoe base 102 gradually decreases along the axial direction. Through the above-mentioned gradually thickening design, a larger contact area can be provided in areas bearing higher loads, effectively dispersing pressure, reducing wear and heat accumulation, and significantly improving the overall durability and operating life of the bearing by improving load distribution and optimizing lubrication conditions.

[0053] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the contact area between the tilted shaft 107 and the tile surface layer 101 is increased by adjusting the thickness difference b-a of the tile surface layer 101. The thickness difference is related to the magnitude and position of the eccentric load, and the formula is: ba≈Ltanγ

[0054] Where L is the bearing length in m;

[0055] γ is the axis inclination angle, measured in degrees. The thickness of the shoe surface layer 101 is adjusted to adapt to the inclination of the rotating shaft 107, thereby increasing the contact area and more effectively dispersing the eccentric load force caused by the inclination. The increased contact area reduces the contact stress, thereby reducing the wear rate and increasing the service life of the bearing, and enhancing the adaptability and stability of the bearing under different working conditions, especially in high-load and high-speed applications.

[0056] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the tile surface layer 101 is rubber, the tile surface layer 101 is vulcanized on the inner surface of the tile base 102; when the tile surface layer 101 is made of Sailong and Feilong polymer materials, the tile surface layer 101 and the tile base 102 are bonded with underwater strong glue. The vulcanization process is an existing technology, which mainly involves the rubber macromolecules reacting chemically with the cross-linking agent sulfur under heating, cross-linking to form a three-dimensional network structure, and bonding to the tile base 102. Vulcanized rubber has better wear resistance and elasticity, and is suitable for environments with large dynamic loads. When the tile surface layer 101 is made of polymer material, the bonding technology can ensure that the tile surface layer 101 will not fall off even under high load or high-speed operation, and is suitable for underwater and other harsh environments. It can prevent the intrusion of water and other corrosive substances, and ensure the long-term stability and durability of the bearing under different environmental and operating conditions.

[0057] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10 When the bearing of the present invention is used, the thicker end of the tile surface layer 101 should be installed close to the propeller.

[0058] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10 The present invention adopts a combination of slats based on equal thickness tile surface layers and slats based on non-equal thickness tile surface layers to adapt to different application requirements. The combination methods include: all slat components have the same circumferential angle and use non-equal thickness tile surface layers; all slat components have the same circumferential angle and the bottom slat component uses non-equal thickness tile surface layers; except for the bottom slat component using non-equal thickness tile surface layers, other slat components all use equal thickness tile surface layers, and the circumferential angle of the bottom slat component is larger than the circumferential angles of other slat components.

[0059] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bearing adopts a combination of slat components based on equal thickness tile layers and slat components based on non-equal thickness tile layers to adapt to different application requirements. The combination methods include: the slat components have the same circumferential angles and use non-equal thickness tile layers, and all slat components have the same circumferential angles and use non-equal thickness tile layers at the bottom.

[0060] The specific combination is as follows:

[0061] Implementation method 1. Design of non-uniform thickness tile surface layer, as shown in the attached Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 As shown:

[0062] On the radial section of the shaft, all slat components adopt a non-uniform thickness tile surface design, which means that the thickness of each slat component varies along its length to adapt to different load distributions, which is suitable for occasions where the inclined shaft performs conical movement.

[0063] Implementation 2. Combination of uniform and non-uniform thickness strip assembly design; as shown in the attached Figure 8 and attached Figure 9 As shown:

[0064] The upper part of the bearing adopts a tile surface layer of equal thickness, and the lower part adopts a tile surface layer of non-equal thickness. The design of the above-mentioned equal thickness slat assembly can provide uniform load-bearing capacity, and the design of the non-equal thickness slat assembly in the lower part can resist continuous single-direction tilting pressure. By changing the thickness of the slats, the adaptability of the bearing to these loads can be optimized, thereby improving its overall stability and efficiency. It can not only provide the necessary structural support, but also reduce the overall weight, because the non-equal thickness slats can reduce material usage without sacrificing performance.

[0065] Implementation method 3. Bottom reinforcement non-uniform thickness design: as shown in the attached Figure 10 As shown:

[0066] Non-uniform thickness slat assemblies are used in the bottom area of ​​the bearing, and uniform thickness slat assemblies are used in other areas. The circumferential angle of the bottom slat assembly is also larger than that of other slat assemblies. The non-uniform thickness design of the bottom slat assembly not only provides a larger contact area, but also enhances the load-bearing capacity of the local area by changing the width or circumferential angle of the slat assembly, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the bearing. This design is particularly suitable for occasions where the bearing is subjected to eccentric loads or high dynamic loads.

[0067] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 10 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tile surface layer 101 includes: a wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer, a heat dissipation and antistatic layer, and an anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer;

[0068] The wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0069] Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene accounts for 75% to 85%;

[0070] Carbon nanotubes account for 10% to 20%;

[0071] Silica gel particles account for 3% to 7%;

[0072] The heat dissipation and antistatic layer comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0073] Graphite accounts for 70% to 80%;

[0074] Copper nanowires account for 15% to 25%;

[0075] High-impact polystyrene accounts for 3% to 7%;

[0076] The anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0077] Porous polyurethane accounts for 80% to 90%;

[0078] The metal-organic framework powder accounts for 10% to 20%.

[0079] Example 1: Standard marine application

[0080] Wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer:

[0081] Material ratio:

[0082] Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene: 80%

[0083] Carbon nanotubes: 15%

[0084] Silica gel particles: 5%

[0085] Preparation process:

[0086] The carbon nanotubes and silica particles were treated with acid and then mixed with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;

[0087] The mixture was mixed and extruded using a twin-screw extruder at 180°C.

[0088] The mixture is rolled into sheets with thickness gradually increasing from 0.5mm to 1.5mm

[0089] Heat dissipation and antistatic layer:

[0090] Material ratio:

[0091] Graphite: 75%

[0092] Copper nanowires: 20%

[0093] High impact polystyrene: 5%

[0094] Preparation process:

[0095] Graphite and copper nanowires were mixed using a ball mill in a liquid nitrogen environment to ensure uniform distribution;

[0096] The mixture was blended with high-impact polystyrene at 150°C and then formed into sheets by hot pressing.

[0097] Anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer:

[0098] Material ratio:

[0099] Porous polyurethane: 85%

[0100] Metal-organic framework powder: 15%

[0101] Preparation process:

[0102] The metal-organic framework powder was distributed in the porous polyurethane using a solution impregnation method;

[0103] The metal-organic framework powder was fixed by freeze drying and then subjected to hot pressing to form the final layer.

[0104] Example 2: High temperature industrial application

[0105] Wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer:

[0106] Material ratio adjustment:

[0107] Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene: 75%

[0108] Carbon nanotubes: 20%

[0109] Silica gel particles: 5%

[0110] Preparation process:

[0111] The surface-functionalized carbon nanotubes were mixed with polyethylene using ultrasonic dispersion technology; the mixture was formed into a gradually thickening layered structure by hot pressing at 200°C.

[0112] Heat dissipation and antistatic layer:

[0113] Material ratio adjustment:

[0114] Graphite: 70%

[0115] Copper nanowires: 25%

[0116] High impact polystyrene: 5%

[0117] Preparation process:

[0118] Graphite and copper nanowires are uniformly mixed in high-impact polystyrene using a hot extrusion method; the mixture is formed by hot plate pressing to ensure the uniformity and strength of the heat dissipation layer.

[0119] Anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer:

[0120] Material ratio adjustment:

[0121] Porous polyurethane: 80%

[0122] Metal-organic framework powder: 20%

[0123] Preparation process:

[0124] The metal-organic framework powder is uniformly deposited on the polyurethane surface through chemical vapor deposition technology; it is then cured at high temperature to ensure the integrity and durability of the layer.

[0125] Example 3: High Impact Application

[0126] Wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer:

[0127] Material ratio:

[0128] Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene: 85%

[0129] Carbon nanotubes: 10%

[0130] Silica gel particles: 5%

[0131] Preparation process:

[0132] The carbon nanotubes and silica particles were pre-surface treated in a vacuum environment to increase their compatibility with polyethylene.

[0133] The wear-resistant layer is produced by high-pressure extrusion technology, ensuring uniform mass distribution, and is formed by hot pressing.

[0134] Heat dissipation and antistatic layer:

[0135] Material ratio:

[0136] Graphite: 80%

[0137] Copper nanowires: 15%

[0138] High impact polystyrene: 5%

[0139] Preparation process:

[0140] Graphite and copper nanowires were subjected to high-energy ball milling under vacuum to improve their dispersion in polystyrene;

[0141] The mixture is thermoformed to form a layer with excellent heat dissipation and antistatic properties.

[0142] Anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer:

[0143] Material ratio:

[0144] Porous polyurethane: 90%

[0145] Metal-organic framework powder: 10%

[0146] Preparation process:

[0147] The metal-organic framework powder was evenly distributed in polyurethane using an ultrasonic-assisted solvent impregnation method;

[0148] Low temperature curing and heat treatment ensure the stability and functionality of the sound insulation and anti-corrosion layer.

[0149] Example 4: Low-temperature marine applications

[0150] Wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer:

[0151] Material ratio:

[0152] Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene: 85%

[0153] Carbon nanotubes: 10%

[0154] Silica gel particles: 5%

[0155] Preparation process:

[0156] The carbon nanotubes and silica gel particles are pre-treated by cold treatment technology to improve their bonding with polyethylene;

[0157] Mixing and calendering are carried out at low temperatures to prevent thermal degradation of the material, and the desired layered structure is formed by cold pressing technology.

[0158] Heat dissipation and antistatic layer:

[0159] Material ratio:

[0160] Graphite: 75%

[0161] Copper nanowires: 20%

[0162] High impact polystyrene: 5%

[0163] Preparation process:

[0164] Copper nanowires and graphite nanoparticles were uniformly mixed in high-impact polystyrene using electrospinning technology under low-temperature conditions.

[0165] Through cold pressing technology, the uniformity and structural integrity of the heat dissipation layer are ensured.

[0166] Anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer:

[0167] Material ratio:

[0168] Porous polyurethane: 85%

[0169] Metal-organic framework powder: 15%

[0170] Preparation process:

[0171] Metal-organic framework powders were uniformly distributed in porous polyurethane using liquid-phase deposition at low temperatures to maintain the chemical stability and structural integrity of the material.

[0172] Cold curing technology is used to ensure the functionality of the sound insulation and anti-corrosion layer.

[0173] Example 5: High-speed motion application

[0174] Wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer:

[0175] Material ratio:

[0176] Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene: 75%

[0177] Carbon nanotubes: 15%

[0178] Silica gel microparticles: 10%

[0179] Preparation process:

[0180] The carbon nanotubes and silica particles were premixed in a high-energy mixer to improve their dispersion in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;

[0181] Through high-speed extrusion and hot pressing technology, the uniformity and durability of the wear-resistant layer are ensured.

[0182] Heat dissipation and antistatic layer:

[0183] Material ratio:

[0184] Graphite: 80%

[0185] Copper nanowires: 15%

[0186] High impact polystyrene: 5%

[0187] Preparation process:

[0188] High shear mixing technology was used to ensure uniform distribution of graphite and copper nanowires in high-impact polystyrene;

[0189] Through high-pressure hot pressing, a layer with excellent heat dissipation and antistatic properties is formed.

[0190] Anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer:

[0191] Material ratio:

[0192] Porous polyurethane: 90%

[0193] Metal-organic framework powder: 10%

[0194] Preparation process:

[0195] The metal-organic framework powder is evenly distributed in the porous polyurethane through high-pressure spraying technology;

[0196] Rapid curing technology ensures the stability and functionality of the sound insulation and anti-corrosion layers.

[0197] Comparative Example 1:

[0198] The difference from Example 1 is that Comparative Example 1 uses conventional polyethylene instead of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and does not add carbon nanotubes and silica gel particles. The remaining preparation steps are the same as those of the present invention.

[0199] Comparative Example 2:

[0200] The difference from Example 2 is that in Comparative Example 2, only graphite is used for the heat dissipation and antistatic layer, and the mixture of copper nanowires and high-impact polystyrene is not used. The remaining preparation steps are the same as those of the present invention.

[0201] Comparative Example 3:

[0202] The difference from Example 3 is that Comparative Example 3 uses carbon nanotubes without any functionalization treatment in the wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer, resulting in poor dispersion of the carbon nanotubes in the polyethylene matrix. The remaining preparation steps are the same as those of the present invention.

[0203] Comparative Example 4:

[0204] The difference from Example 4 is that Comparative Example 4 uses ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid commonly used on the market as a metal complexing agent instead of metal-organic framework powder, and the remaining preparation steps are the same as those of the present invention.

[0205] Comparative Example 5:

[0206] The difference from Example 5 is that in Comparative Example 5, the anti-corrosion and sound insulation layers only use conventional porous polyurethane without adding metal-organic framework powder, and the remaining preparation steps are the same as those of the present invention.

[0207] Experiment 1: Wear resistance test

[0208] Objective: To test and compare the wear rate of the wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer provided by the present invention with that of traditional wear-resistant materials under standardized conditions, so as to evaluate and verify the improvement in wear resistance of the material of the present invention.

[0209] Experimental Materials:

[0210] Example sample: a composite material containing 80% ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 15% carbon nanotubes, and 5% silica gel particles.

[0211] Comparison sample: 100% conventional polyethylene.

[0212] Experimental equipment:

[0213] Dry sand rubber wheel wear testing machine

[0214] Standard sandpaper

[0215] electronic balance

[0216] Experimental setup:

[0217] Both materials were processed into test pieces with a size of 10cmx10cmx0.5cm;

[0218] Make sure the surface is flat and has no obvious defects.

[0219] Wear tester settings:

[0220] Load standard sandpaper onto the wear wheel of the testing machine;

[0221] Adjust the sandpaper to ensure uniform contact with the test piece.

[0222] Experimental steps:

[0223] Weight record:

[0224] Use an electronic balance to measure and record the initial weight of each test piece.

[0225] Wear test:

[0226] Fix the sample on the sample holder of the wear tester;

[0227] Set the wear wheel speed to 200RPM and the wear time to 10 minutes;

[0228] Ensure uniform contact between the test piece and the sandpaper during the abrasion process.

[0229] Weight Measurement:

[0230] After the test is completed, clean all impurities from the sample;

[0231] The weight of each sample was again measured using an electronic balance.

[0232] Data recording and analysis:

[0233] Calculate the wear volume of each sample;

[0234] The wear resistance of the example samples was evaluated by comparing the wear amount difference between the example samples and the comparative samples.

[0235] The experimental results are shown in Table 1:

[0236] Table 1 Comparison of wear resistance test results

[0237] Sample type Test number Initial weight (g) Final weight (g) Wear amount (g) Example 1 50 49.78 0.22 Example 2 50.01 49.8 0.21 Comparison samples 1 50 49.65 0.35 Comparison samples 2 50.02 49.68 0.34

[0238] From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the example samples exhibit lower wear than the control samples, which indicates that the added carbon nanotubes and silica gel particles effectively improve the wear resistance of the material.

[0239] Experiment 2: Heat dissipation performance test

[0240] Objective: To compare the heat dissipation performance of the heat dissipation and antistatic layer of the present invention with that of a traditional graphite heat dissipation layer.

[0241] Experimental Materials:

[0242] Example sample: graphite 75%, copper nanowire 20%, high impact polystyrene 5%.

[0243] Comparison sample: pure graphite 100%.

[0244] Experimental equipment:

[0245] Laser flash device

[0246] Temperature controlled hot plate

[0247] Thermocouple

[0248] Data logger

[0249] Experimental setup:

[0250] Prepare two sets of sample plates, three in each set, all measuring 5cm x 5cm x 0.5cm;

[0251] Each sample is evenly coated with thermal conductive paste to ensure good heat transfer.

[0252] Experimental steps:

[0253] Sample pretreatment:

[0254] All sample surfaces were cleaned and evenly coated with thermal paste.

[0255] Device settings:

[0256] Place the sample on a temperature-controlled hot plate, set the hot plate temperature to 50°C, and maintain a constant temperature.

[0257] To activate the laser flash device:

[0258] Laser flash thermal conductivity test was performed on each sample, and the required time and temperature change were recorded.

[0259] Real-time temperature monitoring:

[0260] Use a thermocouple to measure the surface temperature of the sample, recording it every 30 seconds for 10 minutes. Data recording:

[0261] The temperature change and time data were input into a data logger for subsequent analysis.

[0262] Repeat the test:

[0263] The samples of each material were tested three times to ensure the reliability and repeatability of the results. The experimental results are shown in Table 2:

[0264] Table 2 Heat dissipation performance test results

[0265]

[0266] Table 2 shows the difference in heat dissipation performance between the example sample and the comparative sample under the same test conditions. The expected results indicate that the composite material with copper nanowires has better thermal conductivity and lower final temperature, demonstrating improved heat dissipation performance.

[0267] Experiment 3: Antistatic Performance Test

[0268] Objective: To evaluate the effect of adding copper nanowires to the heat dissipation and antistatic layer of the present invention on the antistatic performance and compare it with the traditional graphite layer without copper nanowires.

[0269] Experimental Materials:

[0270] Example sample: graphite 75%, copper nanowire 20%, high impact polystyrene 5%.

[0271] Comparison sample: pure graphite 100%.

[0272] Experimental equipment:

[0273] Resistivity testing device

[0274] Static Voltage Tester

[0275] Environmental control room

[0276] Experimental setup:

[0277] Prepare rectangular samples, each sample size is 10cmx10cm;

[0278] All samples were tested in an environmentally controlled room to eliminate interference from environmental factors.

[0279] Experimental steps:

[0280] Sample preparation:

[0281] Clean all samples to ensure that there is no dust or other impurities on the surface.

[0282] Environment settings:

[0283] The temperature of the environmental control room was set to 25 °C and the relative humidity was 50% to maintain consistent conditions throughout the experiment.

[0284] Resistivity test:

[0285] Use a resistivity testing device to test the surface resistivity of each sample in accordance with ASTM D257 standard;

[0286] The resistance value of each sample was recorded.

[0287] Electrostatic voltage test:

[0288] Use an electrostatic voltage tester to measure the electrostatic voltage of the sample after friction;

[0289] Record the voltage change before and after friction.

[0290] Data recording and analysis:

[0291] All test data are recorded and analyzed to evaluate the antistatic performance.

[0292] The experimental results are shown in Table 3:

[0293] Table 3 Antistatic performance test results

[0294] Sample type Test Number Measurement environment Surface resistivity (Ω) Electrostatic voltage (V) Example 1 25℃, 50%RH <![CDATA[1.5x10 5 ]]> 100 Example 2 25℃, 50%RH <![CDATA[1.8x10 5 ]]> 90 Example 3 25℃, 50%RH <![CDATA[1.6x10 5 ]]> 95 Comparison samples 1 25℃, 50%RH <![CDATA[5.0x10 7 ]]> 500 Comparison samples 2 25℃, 50%RH <![CDATA[4.8x10 7 ]]> 480 Comparison samples 3 25℃, 50%RH <![CDATA[4.9x10 7 ]]> 490

[0295] As shown in Table 3, the example samples exhibit significantly lower surface resistivity and electrostatic voltage than the control samples, demonstrating their excellent antistatic properties. This experimental result will help verify that the addition of copper nanowires significantly improves the material's antistatic properties, thereby reducing the risk of static electricity accumulation, which is particularly important for sensitive applications such as electronic devices.

[0296] Experiment 4: Anti-corrosion performance test

[0297] Objective: To evaluate the anti-corrosion performance of the anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer of the present invention and that of a conventional porous polyurethane material, in order to verify the improved effect of the material of the present invention.

[0298] Experimental Materials:

[0299] Example sample: porous polyurethane 85%, metal-organic framework powder 15%.

[0300] Comparative sample: pure porous polyurethane 100%.

[0301] Experimental equipment:

[0302] Salt spray test chamber

[0303] Corrosion assessment tools include optical microscopes and corrosion depth gauges

[0304] Environmental control equipment to maintain constant temperature and humidity

[0305] Experimental setup:

[0306] Prepare rectangular samples, each with a size of 10cmx10cmx0.5cm;

[0307] Ensure that all sample surfaces are clean and free of grease.

[0308] Experimental steps:

[0309] Sample preparation:

[0310] All samples were cleaned to remove surface contaminants.

[0311] Salt spray test chamber settings:

[0312] The temperature of the salt spray test chamber was set to 35 °C, the relative humidity was 100%, and a 5% saline solution was used.

[0313] Test execution:

[0314] Place the specimen in a salt spray test chamber;

[0315] Exposure continued for 72 hours, during which changes in the specimen's appearance were regularly recorded.

[0316] Post-evaluation:

[0317] After the test, remove the sample, rinse with clean water and dry;

[0318] Use an optical microscope to observe surface corrosion;

[0319] Use a corrosion depth gauge to measure the size of any corrosion pits.

[0320] Data recording and analysis:

[0321] The corrosion conditions of all samples were recorded and analyzed, and the performance differences between the example samples and the comparative samples were compared.

[0322] The experimental results are shown in Table 4:

[0323] Table 4 Salt spray corrosion test results

[0324]

[0325] The data in Table 4 demonstrates the significant corrosion resistance advantages of the example samples over the control samples. Comparing the degree of corrosion and pit depth clearly demonstrates that the addition of the metal-organic framework of the present invention significantly improves the material's corrosion resistance, thus demonstrating the innovativeness and effectiveness of the present invention in enhancing the material's resistance to environmental influences.

[0326] Experiment 5: Sound insulation test

[0327] Objective: To evaluate the acoustic performance of the anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer of the present invention compared with conventional porous polyurethane materials, especially in terms of sound absorption and sound insulation.

[0328] Experimental Materials:

[0329] Example sample: porous polyurethane 85%, metal-organic framework powder 15%.

[0330] Comparative sample: pure porous polyurethane 100%.

[0331] Experimental equipment:

[0332] echo chamber

[0333] sound pressure level meter

[0334] Frequency Analyzer

[0335] Environmental noise control systems

[0336] Experimental setup:

[0337] Prepare flat samples, each sample size is 50cmx50cmx5cm;

[0338] Ensure that all samples reach the same acclimatization conditions, such as temperature and humidity, before testing.

[0339] Experimental steps:

[0340] Sample preparation:

[0341] Make sure the sample surface is clean and free of dust or other impurities.

[0342] Echo Chamber Preparation:

[0343] The echo chamber temperature and humidity were adjusted to standard testing conditions: 23°C and 50% relative humidity.

[0344] Install the sample:

[0345] Fix the sample at the test position in the echo chamber to ensure that the sample is fully exposed to the test environment.

[0346] Sound test:

[0347] Measure the sound pressure level of the sample from multiple points using a sound pressure level meter;

[0348] The sound absorption and reflection data at specific frequencies are recorded by a frequency analyzer.

[0349] Data Records:

[0350] Throughout the test, data was continuously recorded to ensure reliability and accuracy;

[0351] Record the minimum and maximum absorbance and the corresponding frequencies.

[0352] The experimental results are shown in Table 5:

[0353] Table 5 Sound absorption and sound insulation effect test results

[0354] Sample type Test Number Test frequency (Hz) Sound pressure level (dB) Absorption rate (%) Example 1 250 30 85 Example 2 500 28 82 Example 3 1000 25 90 Comparison samples 1 250 40 55 Comparison samples 2 500 38 58 Comparison samples 3 1000 35 60

[0355] Table 5 shows the data: The table records the sound pressure levels and sound absorption rates at different frequencies, demonstrating significant improvements in sound insulation and sound absorption performance for the Example samples compared to the Control samples. The Example samples exhibit lower sound pressure levels and higher absorption rates, particularly in the high-frequency range. This demonstrates that the addition of metal-organic framework powder significantly improves acoustic performance, making it an optimal material choice for sensitive environments such as libraries and conference rooms.

[0356] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water-lubricated radial bearing based on a non-uniform thickness design of the pad surface layer, characterized in that: include: A component mechanism (10) is used for the purpose of reducing stress concentration, the component mechanism (10) comprising a bearing housing (103), a rotating shaft (107), and a slat assembly, the slat assembly being arranged inside the bearing housing (103), and the rotating shaft (107) being arranged in the middle of the bearing housing (103) for jointly bearing and reducing the bearing load; a locking mechanism (60) disposed inside the bearing housing (103) for quickly connecting the slat assembly to the bearing housing (103), allowing for flexible combination according to different application requirements and facilitating replacement and maintenance operations; The slat assembly includes a tile base (102) and a tile surface layer (101), the tile base (102) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bearing housing (103), the tile surface layer (101) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the tile base (102), a positioning block (104) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the tile base (102), a positioning groove (105) is provided in the middle of the bearing housing (103), and the positioning block (104) is slidably connected to the middle of the positioning groove (105); The locking mechanism (60) comprises two compression springs (601), the adjacent ends of the two compression springs (601) are fixedly connected to a connecting plate (602), the adjacent sides of the two connecting plates (602) are respectively fixedly connected to an electromagnet (603) and an electromagnet (604), the interior of the connecting plate (602) is fixedly connected to a compression spring (605), the other end of the compression spring (605) is fixedly connected to an extrusion block (606), and the extrusion block (606) is in contact with the positioning block (104).

2. The water-lubricated radial bearing based on the non-uniform thickness design of the pad surface layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tile surface layer (101) and the tile base (102) are both non-uniform thickness structures. The thickness of the tile surface layer (101) gradually increases along the axial direction, while the thickness of the tile base (102) gradually decreases along the axial direction.

3. The water-lubricated radial bearing based on the non-uniform thickness design of the pad surface layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The purpose of increasing the contact area between the inclined shaft (107) and the tile surface layer (101) is achieved by adjusting the thickness difference b-a of the tile surface layer (101). The thickness difference is related to the size and position of the eccentric load, and the formula is: ba≈Ltanγ Where L is the bearing length in m; γ is the axis inclination angle, in degrees.

4. The water-lubricated radial bearing based on the non-uniform thickness design of the pad surface layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the tile surface layer (101) is rubber, the tile surface layer (101) is vulcanized on the inner surface of the tile base (102); when the tile surface layer (101) is made of Sailong and Feilong polymer materials, the tile surface layer (101) and the tile base (102) are bonded with underwater strong glue.

5. The water-lubricated radial bearing based on the non-uniform thickness design of the pad surface layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing adopts a combination of a slat assembly based on a tile surface layer of equal thickness (101) and a slat assembly based on a tile surface layer of non-equal thickness (101) to adapt to different application requirements. The combination methods include: the slat assemblies have the same circumferential angle and adopt a tile surface layer of non-equal thickness (101); all the slat assemblies have the same circumferential angle and the bottom adopts a tile surface layer of non-equal thickness (101).

6. The water-lubricated radial bearing based on the non-uniform thickness design of the pad surface layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Another bearing combination method is that except for the bottom slat assembly using a non-uniform thickness tile surface layer (101), the rest all use slat assemblies with uniform thickness tile surface layer (101), and the circumferential angle of the bottom slat assembly is larger than the circumferential angles of the remaining slat assemblies.

7. The water-lubricated radial bearing based on the non-uniform thickness design of the pad surface layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing is installed in an application where an unbalanced load is caused on the bearing due to the tilt of a propeller shaft of a ship's propulsion shaft system.

8. The water-lubricated radial bearing based on the non-uniform thickness design of the pad surface layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tile surface layer (101) comprises: a wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer, a heat dissipation and antistatic layer, and an anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer; The wear-resistant and elastic buffer layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene accounts for 75% to 85%; Carbon nanotubes account for 10% to 20%; Silica gel particles account for 3% to 7%; The heat dissipation and antistatic layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: Graphite accounts for 70% to 80%; Copper nanowires account for 15% to 25%; High-impact polystyrene accounts for 3% to 7%; The anti-corrosion and sound insulation layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: Porous polyurethane accounts for 80% to 90%; Metal-organic framework powder accounts for 10% to 20%.

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