Urinary system calculus discharge promoting device and calculus extractor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a urinary system calculus discharge promoting device and a calculus extractor, the urinary system calculus discharge promoting device comprises a guide wire, the front end of the guide wire is provided with a mesh basket used for catching broken stones and an expansion body which expands after absorbing water and is used for blocking the broken stones in a ureter, and the expansion body is arranged in the length direction of the guide wire. The expansion body is positioned at the front end of the net basket; the mesh basket is composed of a plurality of first mesh basket wires; through cooperation of the traction assembly, the fixing assembly and the expansion body which absorbs water and expands, the rear ends of the first mesh basket wires are pulled to deform, broken stones in the mesh basket are tightened and then taken out, and the situation that when large broken stone water chestnuts are taken out, the inner wall of the ureter is scratched, and consequently human organs are injured is avoided; small calculi are prevented from further moving towards the upper end of the ureter or even the kidney, and the situation that due to the fact that the calculi are accumulated at the joint of the pelvis and the ureter, normal discharge of urine is possibly blocked, urine in the pelvis is accumulated, and hydronephrosis is formed is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a device for promoting the discharge of urinary stones and a stone extractor. Background Art

[0002] Urinary stones are a common disease of the urinary system. Stones can be found in any part of the kidney, bladder, ureter and urethra. Kidney and ureteral stones are the most common, accounting for about 80% of urinary stones. The surgical methods for removing stones include percutaneous nephrolithotomy and laparoscopic incision and ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy. Among them, ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy is performed through the natural cavity of the human body. It is a minimally invasive treatment method for urinary stones. When the location of the stone and other surgical conditions meet the surgical conditions, it is a common and efficient stone treatment method.

[0003] In the prior art, after using laser lithotripsy, a basket is generally used to remove the stones. However, in actual operation, the following problems exist: when the basket is used to remove the stones, the stones are irregular in shape after laser lithotripsy. When the basket is used to capture the stones, the sharp corners of the stones can easily scratch the inner wall of the ureter, causing damage to human organs. At the same time, during the laser lithotripsy process, the flushing holes on the ureteroscope body inject flushing fluid into the ureter. Smaller stones can easily move to the upper end of the ureter or even the kidney along with the flushing fluid, accumulate at the connection between the renal pelvis and the ureter, and block the normal discharge of urine.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a urinary stone excretion promoting device and a stone extractor to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a urinary stone excretion promoting device and a stone extractor, so as to solve the defects of the prior art mentioned in the above background technology, that is, the shape of the broken stones is irregular. When caught by a net basket, the sharp corners of the broken stones can easily scratch the inner wall of the ureter, causing damage to human organs. At the same time, during the laser lithotripsy process, the flushing hole on the ureteroscope body injects flushing fluid into the ureter. Smaller broken stones can easily move to the upper end of the ureter or even the kidney along with the flushing fluid, accumulate at the connection between the renal pelvis and the ureter, and block the normal discharge of urine.

[0006] Based on the above ideas, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a urinary system stone excretion promoting device, comprising a guide wire, the front end of the guide wire is provided with a basket for catching gravel and an expansion body that expands after absorbing water and is used to block gravel in the ureter, in the length direction of the guide wire, the expansion body is located at the front end of the basket; the basket is composed of a plurality of first basket wires, the arrangement relationship of the plurality of first basket wires is that they are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the guide wire, the front end of each first basket wire is fixedly connected to the fixing member, and the rear end of each first basket wire is fixedly connected to the moving member; the expansion body is embedded and installed on the outer wall of the fixing member; the end of the front end of the guide wire is set to a fully open state, the moving member is slidably connected to the inside of the guide wire, and the end of the moving member away from the first basket wire is provided with a traction assembly and a fixing assembly, the traction assembly is used to pull the moving member to move along the rear end direction of the guide wire, the moving member moves and pulls the plurality of first basket wires to deform to tighten the gravel in the basket, and then the fixing assembly is used to fix the position of the moving member.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the traction assembly includes a pull rope and a first spring, one end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the rear end of the movable member, the other end of the pull rope passes through the guide wire and extends to the outside of the guide wire, and the movable member is connected to the inner wall of the guide wire through the first spring.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the fixing component includes two symmetrically arranged first protrusions, the two first protrusions are fixedly connected to one side of the moving part, the first protrusions extend into the inside of the guide wire and slideably cooperate with it, and the end of the first protrusion away from the moving part is set as an arc surface; a slot is provided on the side of the two first protrusions close to each other, and a second protrusion is provided on the side of the first protrusion away from the moving part, the second protrusion is slidably connected to the inside of the moving part, one end of the second protrusion extends to the outside of the catheter, and both ends of the second protrusion are set as arc surfaces; the second protrusion is connected to the guide wire by a second spring.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: an unlocking ring for releasing the fixation of the moving part is arranged at the rear end of the catheter, the cross-sectional shape of the unlocking ring is set to a circular ring, and the inner side surface of the unlocking ring close to the front end of the catheter is set to an arc surface. When the guide wire is pulled out of the catheter, the second protrusion is squeezed by the inner side surface of the unlocking ring, thereby releasing the fixation of the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the basket also includes a plurality of second basket wires and a plurality of third basket wires, and the arrangement relationship of the plurality of second basket wires and the plurality of third basket wires is that they are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the guide wire; the front end of each second basket wire is fixedly connected to the second rotating member, and the rear end of each second basket wire is fixedly connected to the first rotating member; the front end of each third basket wire is fixedly connected to the outer ring side wall of the fixed member, and the rear end of each third basket wire is fixedly connected to the front end of the guide wire; the fixed member is provided with a groove on the side facing the movable member, and the second rotating member is arranged in the groove and rotatably cooperates with the fixed member; the movable member is connected to the first rotating member through a transmission assembly, and the first rotating member is rotatably connected to the inside of the guide wire.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission assembly includes a spiral groove, the spiral groove is opened on the inner wall of the first rotating member, a slider is fixedly connected to the outer side of the moving member, and one end of the slider is arranged in the spiral groove and slidably cooperates therewith.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the first basket wires, the second basket wires and the third basket wires are located on the same horizontal line and are distributed from the inside to the outside, and the gaps between the first basket wires, the second basket wires and the third basket wires are small.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the elastic forces of the first basket wire, the second basket wire and the third basket wire decrease in sequence.

[0014] A urinary system stone extractor comprises a ureteroscope. The ureteroscope is placed into a catheter to find stones, which can be directly removed with a net basket. For large stones, lithotripsy equipment is needed to crush them before removal with a net basket.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that, by cooperating with the traction component, the fixing component and the expansion body that expands by absorbing water, the rear ends of the plurality of first basket wires are pulled to deform, and the gravel in the basket is tightened and taken out, so as to avoid that the inner wall of the ureter is scratched by the corners of larger gravel when being taken out, thereby causing damage to human organs. At the same time, it is achieved to block smaller stones from further moving to the upper end of the ureter or even the kidney, and prevent stones from accumulating at the connection between the renal pelvis and the ureter, which may block the normal discharge of urine, causing urine accumulation in the renal pelvis and forming hydronephrosis.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the gravel inside the basket is tightened by tightening multiple first basket wires through the traction component, so as to prevent the corners of larger gravel from damaging human organs when taking out larger gravel, and at the same time, space can be reserved for capturing smaller gravel. By reducing the gap between the second basket wire and the third basket wire, the smaller gravel in the ureter can be captured between the first basket wire and the second basket wire, effectively capturing the gravel fragments and preventing them from being left in the kidney tissue or migrating to other parts, thereby improving the stone clearance rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of cutting off the first basket wire of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the second basket wire structure of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the third basket wire structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first rotating member of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. catheter; 2. guide wire; 3. first basket wire; 4. moving part; 5. fixed part; 6. expansion body; 7. traction assembly; 701. pull rope; 702. first spring; 8. fixed assembly; 801. first protrusion; 802. slot; 803. second protrusion; 804. second spring; 805. unlocking ring; 9. second basket wire; 10. third basket wire; 11. first rotating part; 12. spiral groove; 13. slider; 14. second rotating part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] A urinary system stone extractor comprises a ureteroscope. The ureteroscope is placed into a catheter 1, and stones are found and directly removed with a net basket. For large stones, lithotripsy equipment is needed to crush them and then the stones are removed with a net basket.

[0021] Embodiment 1, as Figures 1 to 5As shown, a device for promoting the excretion of urinary stones comprises a guide wire 2, the front end of which is provided with a basket for catching gravel and an expansion body 6 which expands after absorbing water and is used to block the gravel in the ureter, and in the length direction of the guide wire 2, the expansion body 6 is located at the front end of the basket; the basket is composed of a plurality of first basket wires 3, and the arrangement relationship of the plurality of first basket wires 3 is that they are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the guide wire 2, the front end of each first basket wire 3 is fixedly connected to the fixing member 5, and the rear end of each first basket wire 3 is fixedly connected to the moving member 4; the expansion body 6 is embedded and installed on the outer wall of the fixing member 5; the end of the front end of the guide wire 2 is set to a fully open state, the moving member 4 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide wire 2, and the end of the moving member 4 away from the first basket wire 3 is provided with a traction component 7 and a fixing component 8.

[0022] In this embodiment, the catheter 1 is sterilized in advance and then introduced into the ureter along the patient's urethra and bladder. Then, the basket at the front end of the guide wire 2 is inserted into the catheter 1. The basket wire on the basket is made of a material with shape memory and superelasticity, such as a memory metal wire, specifically a titanium-nickel alloy. At this time, the basket is constrained into a contracted state by the support of the inside of the catheter 1 until the basket passes through the catheter 1 and reaches the outside of the catheter 1, that is, when it is located in the ureter, the basket shape is restored to an elliptical basket shape. At this time, the basket is passed through the stone so that the stone is located between the basket and the catheter 1. At the same time, the ureter is blocked by the expansion body 6. The expansion body 6 is made of a polymer material. The basket can block the larger crushed stones produced when the stone crushing device crushes the stone, and the expansion body 6 can block the smaller stones from moving further to the upper end of the ureter or even the kidney. After the lithotripsy, when the fluid in the flushing hole on the ureteroscope body tube assists in stone removal, the expansion body 6 absorbs water and expands, which can play a supporting role in the ureter. At this time, the expansion body 6 absorbs water and expands to limit the position of the fixing member 5, and the basket is used to capture larger stones into the basket. At the same time, the moving member 4 is pulled by the traction component 7 to move along the rear end direction of the guide wire 2. The moving member 4 moves and pulls the multiple first basket wires 3 to deform and tighten the crushed stones in the basket. The fixing component 8 is then used to fix the position of the moving member 4. After the position of the moving member 4 is fixed by the fixing component 8, the guide wire 2 can be pulled out of the ureter, and the basket together with the larger pieces of stones can be pulled out. The crushed stones are taken out together, and the smaller stones remaining in the ureter are expelled by drinking plenty of water, exercising appropriately and using stone-expelling drugs. The traction component 7, the fixing component 8 and the expansion body 6 that expands by absorbing water cooperate to pull the rear ends of the multiple first basket wires 3 to deform, and the crushed stones in the basket are tightened and taken out, so as to avoid that the inner wall of the ureter is scratched by the larger pieces of crushed stones when they are taken out, thereby causing damage to human organs. At the same time, it is achieved to block the smaller stones from moving further to the upper end of the ureter or even the kidney, and prevent the stones from accumulating at the connection between the renal pelvis and the ureter, which may block the normal discharge of urine, causing urine accumulation in the renal pelvis and forming hydronephrosis.

[0023] The specific structure of this solution is that the traction assembly 7 includes a pull rope 701 and a first spring 702. One end of the pull rope 701 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the movable part 4, and the other end of the pull rope 701 passes through the guide wire 2 and extends to the outside of the guide wire 2. The movable part 4 is connected to the inner wall of the guide wire 2 through the first spring 702.

[0024] The fixing assembly 8 includes two symmetrically arranged first protrusions 801, both of which are fixedly connected to one side of the moving part 4, the first protrusion 801 extends to the inside of the guide wire 2 and slidably cooperates with it, and the end of the first protrusion 801 away from the moving part 4 is set as an arc surface; a slot 802 is provided on the side where the two first protrusions 801 are close to each other, and a second protrusion 803 is provided on the side of the first protrusion 801 away from the moving part 4, the second protrusion 803 is slidably connected to the inside of the moving part 4, one end of the second protrusion 803 extends to the outside of the catheter 1, and both ends of the second protrusion 803 are set as arc surfaces; the second protrusion 803 is connected to the guide wire 2 via a second spring 804.

[0025] In this embodiment, when a larger stone is captured in the basket, the pull rope 701 is pulled to pull the moving member 4 to overcome the force of the first spring 702 and move toward the catheter 1, and the movement of the moving member 4 drives the rear end of the first basket wire 3 to deform and tighten, so that the stone is tightly tightened into the basket, with a simple structure and convenient operation. When the movable member 4 moves toward the direction of the catheter 1, it can drive the first protrusion 801 to move at the same time. The movement of the first protrusion 801 can squeeze the second protrusion 803 to overcome the force of the second spring 804 and move in the direction away from the first protrusion 801 until one end of the second protrusion 803 is aligned with the slot 802. At this time, the second protrusion 803 is stuck in the slot 802 under the force of the second spring 804, thereby fixing the position of the movable member 4.

[0026] As a specific structure for releasing the fixation of the movable member 4 in this embodiment, an unlocking ring 805 for releasing the fixation of the movable member 4 is provided at the rear end of the catheter 1, the cross-sectional shape of the unlocking ring 805 is set as a circular ring, and the inner side surface of the unlocking ring 805 close to the front end of the catheter 1 is set as an arc surface.

[0027] In this embodiment, when the guide wire 2 is pulled out from the catheter 1, the second protrusion 803 is squeezed by the inner side of the unlocking ring 805, releasing the fixation of the first protrusion 801 and the second protrusion 803. At the same time, when the guide wire 2 is pulled out, the expansion body 6 is supported and squeezed by the inner wall of the catheter 1, squeezing out the moisture adsorbed in the expansion body 6.

[0028] The front end in this application refers to the end away from the operator, and the rear end refers to the end close to the operator.

[0029] Embodiment 2, as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the basket also includes a plurality of second basket wires 9 and a plurality of third basket wires 10, and the arrangement relationship of the plurality of second basket wires 9 and the plurality of third basket wires 10 is that they are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the guide wire 2; the front end of each second basket wire 9 is fixedly connected to the second rotating member 14, and the rear end of each second basket wire 9 is fixedly connected to the first rotating member 11; the front end of each third basket wire 10 is fixedly connected to the outer ring side wall of the fixed member 5, and the rear end of each third basket wire 10 is fixedly connected to the front end of the guide wire 2; the fixed member 5 is provided with a groove on the side facing the movable member 4, and the second rotating member 14 is arranged in the groove and rotatably cooperates with the fixed member 5; the movable member 4 is connected to the first rotating member 11 through a transmission assembly, and the first rotating member 11 is rotatably connected to the inside of the guide wire 2.

[0030] In this embodiment, the moving member 4 is pulled by the pulling assembly 7 to move in the direction close to the guide wire 2, and the gravel located in the plurality of first basket wires 3 is tightened. At the same time, when the moving member 4 moves, the first rotating member 11 is driven to rotate by the transmission of the transmission assembly. The rotation of the first rotating member 11 can drive the plurality of second basket wires 9 to rotate. When the second basket wires 9 rotate, each second basket wire 9 and each third basket wire 10 are misaligned, thereby reducing the gap between the second basket wire 9 and the third basket wire 10. The plurality of first basket wires 3 are tightened by the pulling assembly 7 to tighten the gravel located inside the basket, and the corners of the larger gravel are prevented from damaging human organs when the larger gravel is taken out. At the same time, space can be reserved for capturing smaller gravel. By reducing the gap between the second basket wire 9 and the third basket wire 10, the smaller gravel located in the ureter is captured between the first basket wire 3 and the second basket wire 9, effectively capturing the gravel fragments to prevent them from being left in the renal tissue or migrating to other parts, thereby improving the stone removal rate.

[0031] As a specific implementation structure of this embodiment, the transmission component includes a spiral groove 12, which is opened on the inner wall of the first rotating member 11, and a slider 13 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the moving member 4. One end of the slider 13 is arranged in the spiral groove 12 and slidably cooperates therewith.

[0032] In this embodiment, the moving member 4 is pulled by the traction assembly 7 to move in the direction close to the guide wire 2, and the movement of the moving member 4 drives the slider 13 to move. Since the slider 13 slides inside the spiral groove 12, and the moving member 4 is limited by the first spring 702, the moving member 4 can drive the first rotating member 11 to rotate when it moves, and the rotation of the first rotating member 11 drives the multiple second basket wires 9 to rotate.

[0033] Furthermore, each of the first basket wires 3, the second basket wires 9, and the third basket wires 10 are located on the same horizontal line and are distributed from the inside to the outside. The gaps between the first basket wires 3, the second basket wires 9, and the third basket wires 10 are small. Therefore, sufficient space can be reserved for capturing larger gravel, providing favorable conditions for capturing larger gravel, so that the larger gravel can be successfully and completely captured, and then the smaller gravel can be completely captured through the staggered rotation between the multiple second basket wires 9 and the multiple third basket wires 10.

[0034] Furthermore, the elastic forces of the first basket wire 3, the second basket wire 9 and the third basket wire 10 are reduced in sequence, so that when the plurality of first basket wires 3 are pulled and tightened by the traction assembly 7 and the plurality of second basket wires 9 are rotated and misaligned with the third basket wire 10, the expansion body 6 absorbs water and expands and the third basket wire 10 can provide sufficient support.

[0035] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for promoting the discharge of urinary stones, comprising a guide wire (2), characterized in that: The front end of the guide wire (2) is provided with a basket for catching lithotripsy and an expansion body (6) that expands after absorbing water and is used to block lithotripsy in the ureter. In the length direction of the guide wire (2), the expansion body (6) is located at the front end of the basket. The basket is composed of a plurality of first basket wires (3), and the plurality of first basket wires (3) are arranged in a spaced relationship in the circumferential direction around the guide wire (2), the front end of each first basket wire (3) is fixedly connected to the fixing member (5), and the rear end of each first basket wire (3) is fixedly connected to the moving member (4); The expansion body (6) is embedded and installed on the outer wall of the fixing member (5); The front end of the guide wire (2) is set to a fully open state, the moving member (4) is slidably connected to the inside of the guide wire (2), and the end of the moving member (4) away from the first net basket wire (3) is provided with a pulling component (7) and a fixing component (8). The pulling component (7) pulls the moving member (4) to move along the rear end direction of the guide wire (2), and the moving member (4) moves and pulls the plurality of first net basket wires (3) to deform and tighten the gravel in the net basket, and then the fixing component (8) is used to fix the position of the moving member (4).

2. The device for promoting the discharge of urinary stones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction assembly (7) comprises a pull rope (701) and a first spring (702), one end of the pull rope (701) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the moving member (4), the other end of the pull rope (701) passes through the guide wire (2) and extends to the outside of the guide wire (2), and the moving member (4) is connected to the inner wall of the guide wire (2) via the first spring (702).

3. The device for promoting the discharge of urinary stones according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (8) comprises two symmetrically arranged first protrusions (801), the two first protrusions (801) are fixedly connected to one side of the moving member (4), the first protrusions (801) extend into the interior of the guide wire (2) and slidably cooperate with the guide wire (2), and one end of the first protrusion (801) away from the moving member (4) is arranged as an arc surface; A slot (802) is provided on the side of the two first protrusions (801) close to each other, a second protrusion (803) is provided on the side of the first protrusion (801) away from the moving part (4), the second protrusion (803) is slidably connected to the inside of the moving part (4), one end of the second protrusion (803) extends to the outside of the catheter (1), and both ends of the second protrusion (803) are arranged as arc surfaces; The second protrusion (803) is connected to the guide wire (2) via a second spring (804).

4. The device for promoting the discharge of urinary stones according to claim 3, characterized in that: An unlocking ring (805) for releasing the fixation of the moving member (4) is provided at the rear end of the catheter (1); the cross-sectional shape of the unlocking ring (805) is set as a circular ring; the inner side surface of the unlocking ring (805) close to the front end of the catheter (1) is set as an arc surface; when the guide wire (2) is withdrawn from the catheter (1), the second protrusion (803) is squeezed by the inner side surface of the unlocking ring (805), thereby releasing the fixation of the first protrusion (801) and the second protrusion (803).

5. The device for promoting the discharge of urinary stones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basket further comprises a plurality of second basket wires (9) and a plurality of third basket wires (10), and the plurality of second basket wires (9) and the plurality of third basket wires (10) are arranged in a spaced relationship in a circumferential direction around the guide wire (2); The front end of each second basket wire (9) is fixedly connected to the second rotating member (14), and the rear end of each second basket wire (9) is fixedly connected to the first rotating member (11); The front end of each third basket wire (10) is fixedly connected to the outer ring side wall of the fixing member (5), and the rear end of each third basket wire (10) is fixedly connected to the front end of the guide wire (2); A groove is formed on a side of the fixed member (5) facing the movable member (4), and the second rotating member (14) is arranged in the groove and rotatably cooperates with the fixed member (5); The moving member (4) is connected to the first rotating member (11) via a transmission assembly, and the first rotating member (11) is rotatably connected to the inside of the guide wire (2).

6. The device for promoting the discharge of urinary stones according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a spiral groove (12), wherein the spiral groove (12) is formed on the inner wall of the first rotating member (11), a slider (13) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the moving member (4), and one end of the slider (13) is disposed in the spiral groove (12) and slidably engages therewith.

7. The device for promoting the discharge of urinary stones according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the first basket wires (3), the second basket wires (9), and the third basket wires (10) is located on the same horizontal line and is distributed from the inside to the outside, and the gaps between the first basket wires (3), the second basket wires (9), and the third basket wires (10) are relatively small.

8. The device for promoting the discharge of urinary stones according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic forces of the first basket wire (3), the second basket wire (9), and the third basket wire (10) decrease in sequence.

9. A urinary system stone extractor, using a urinary system stone removal promoting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Including a ureteroscope, which is placed into the catheter (1). Once the stone is found, it can be directly removed with a basket. For large stones, a lithotripsy device is needed to break them up before removing them with a basket.

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