EDNA collection and analysis system and biodiversity monitoring method
Through the eDNA acquisition and analysis system and automated acquisition instrument, combined with DNA sequencing technology, the contingency and professional problems of traditional biodiversity monitoring methods are solved, the continuity and sensitivity of biodiversity monitoring are achieved, the cost is reduced, and the environment is provided. Friendly monitoring means.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310675157.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-06
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-06
AI Technical Summary
Traditional biodiversity monitoring methods are accidental, highly professional, have great interference to the on-site ecological environment, insufficient coverage, difficult to achieve long-term continuous monitoring and analysis, and are harmful to the capture of vulnerable species, high cost, and difficult to standardize promotion.
The eDNA acquisition and analysis system is adopted, and sampling points are set at different locations, and continuous sampling is performed using an automated collector, combining integrated filters and DNA sequencing technology to achieve quantitative analysis and data comparison, and comprehensive monitoring is carried out in combination with traditional survey methods.
It improves the continuity and sensitivity of biodiversity monitoring, reduces artificial interference, reduces monitoring costs, and achieves stable long-term continuous monitoring and analysis of biodiversity changes, providing environmentally friendly monitoring means.
Smart Images
Figure CN119086162A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and in particular to an eDNA collection and analysis system and a biodiversity monitoring method. Background Art
[0002] In order to further strengthen biodiversity protection and build a complete biodiversity protection monitoring system, it is necessary to continuously promote biodiversity survey and monitoring, improve the technical standard system of biodiversity survey and monitoring, and mainly rely on existing monitoring stations and monitoring plots (lines) at all levels and types to build monitoring networks such as ecological positioning stations. However, there are few laboratories in China that are capable of conducting long-term regional biodiversity monitoring, and the monitoring capabilities of existing laboratories cannot meet the needs of large-scale biodiversity monitoring, making it difficult to grasp the changing trends of biodiversity and typical ecosystems.
[0003] How to measure biodiversity is the main aspect of biodiversity research. However, due to the fact that biodiversity is all-encompassing, it is currently in the exploratory stage, so there are great difficulties in measuring biodiversity. Commonly used methods include intra-community diversity, inter-community diversity, and measurement of similar habitats in different places. At present, the statistical survey methods mainly adopt literature research, sample collection, recording, identification and preservation. Based on the living habits of different organisms (animals, plants, microorganisms, etc.), their monitoring sampling methods and analysis methods are also quite different; for example, traditional aquatic biological surveys are field collections of fish, benthic animals, plankton, etc., and then the laboratory identifies the collected species based on morphological characteristics. This traditional survey method has obvious limitations, mainly reflected in the direct human interference to the ecological environment, and the intensity of interference increases with the increase of the survey scope and the number of samples; some species with low individual density are difficult to capture, which will affect the final survey results; the target organisms are obtained through fishing nets, which is more harmful to vulnerable and endangered species; the technical requirements and professionalism of personnel engaged in species identification are high, the requirements for sample integrity are also high, and it is easily affected by the sampling frequency. It is time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly, and difficult to standardize to promote and realize the monitoring and analysis of the distribution and change patterns of species in terms of region, time, and environmental changes.
[0004] In summary, traditional biodiversity monitoring methods have the following main disadvantages:
[0005] 1. There is a certain degree of randomness and interference with the on-site ecological environment.
[0006] 2. Greatly affected by the environment, weather, geographical location, number of species, detection density, and insufficient coverage.
[0007] 3. Sampling is time-consuming and labor-intensive, the investigation methods are highly professional, are greatly affected by human factors, and are difficult to standardize and promote.
[0008] 4. It is difficult to achieve stable, long-term continuous monitoring, analysis and structural change assessment of the distribution and changing patterns of species in terms of region, time and environmental changes.
[0009] Environmental DNA, or eDNA, refers to a method of directly sampling DNA fragments from environmental samples (soil, sediment, air, water, etc.) and then using sequencing technology for qualitative or quantitative analysis. In recent years, with the development of molecular biology, eDNA technology has become a new method for aquatic biological surveys, mainly used for detection and prevention of biological invasions, protection of endangered species, evaluation of biodiversity and biomass assessment, real-time species distribution and community diversity information, tracking of species life history processes, and reflecting changes in ecosystem structure. The collection and detection of eDNA has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, easy to sample, and highly sensitive. It has great applicability and importance in the fields of ecological environment detection and environmental science. Its development has provided a new means for biodiversity detection and has become a hot topic in ecological and environmental research. Its detection does not require the collection of the target organism itself, and has no impact on the species being investigated and the biological community in which it is located. It is a more environmentally friendly survey method. It is less affected by the environment, weather, geographical location, species quantity, and detection density. The sampling is simple, the process is standardized, it is less affected by human influence, and it is easy to standardize and promote. It is an effective tool, especially for improving the effective utilization of restricted and protected resources and long-term monitoring, change analysis and evaluation, and can be used as an effective supplement to traditional monitoring and promotion of standardized methods.
[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a biodiversity monitoring method combined with eDNA technology. Summary of the invention
[0011] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes an eDNA collection and analysis system that can automatically and continuously take samples to achieve continuous monitoring of biodiversity, easily increase the sampling frequency, and save manpower, material resources, and time costs.
[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an eDNA collection and analysis system of the present invention comprises a number of sampling points distributed in different positions, wherein the sampling points comprise indoor sampling points, outdoor sampling points and water sampling points, wherein the indoor sampling points, outdoor sampling points and water sampling points are single points, multiple points or linearly distributed along a watershed, and the medium water in the natural environment collected by the indoor sampling points, outdoor sampling points and water sampling points comprises river water, lake water, river water, sea water or groundwater, the indoor sampling points are provided with a sampling room, the sampling room is provided with an indoor collector, the outdoor sampling points are provided with an outdoor collector, the water sampling points are provided with a buoy collector or a floating drum collector, and the indoor collector, the outdoor collector, the buoy collector and the floating drum collector are respectively provided with an integrated filter for filtering and collecting eDNA
[0013] Furthermore, the integrated filter comprises a filter housing with a cavity sealing structure, wherein one or more layers of porous filter membranes or filter sheets are arranged in the filter housing, an upper water inlet is arranged above the filter housing, and a lower water inlet is arranged below the filter housing.
[0014] Furthermore, the indoor collection instrument includes an indoor collection box, which is equipped with a number of independent integrated filters. The indoor collection box is equipped with a water supply pipeline for supplying environmental water to the integrated filters. The water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet through quick-connect joints. The water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet. The collection box is equipped with a fixing liquid filler for filling the fixing liquid into the integrated filter.
[0015] Furthermore, the outdoor collection instrument includes an outdoor collection box, a solar panel is provided on the top of the outdoor collection box, a number of independent integrated filters are provided in the outdoor collection box, a water supply pipeline for supplying environmental water to the integrated filters is provided in the outdoor collection box, the water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet through quick-connect joints, the water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet, and a fixing liquid filler is provided in the outdoor collection box for filling the fixing liquid into the integrated filter.
[0016] Furthermore, the buoy collection instrument includes a floating platform, which can float on the water surface. The four corners of the bottom of the floating platform are respectively connected to fixed piles, and the ends of the fixed piles away from the floating platform are fixed to the bottom of the water body. A buoy collection box is provided on the floating platform, and a solar panel is provided on the top of the buoy collection box. The buoy collection box is provided with a number of independent integrated filters. The buoy collection box is provided with a water supply pipeline for supplying environmental water to the integrated filter. The water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet through quick connectors. The water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet. A water inlet and a water outlet are connected to the water supply pipeline. The buoy collection box is provided with a fixing liquid filler for filling the integrated filter with fixing liquid.
[0017] Furthermore, the buoy collector includes a buoy, which can float on the water surface, a counterweight is provided at the bottom of the buoy, a bracket is provided at the top of the buoy, a solar panel is provided on the side of the bracket, an operation area is provided in the bracket, a number of independent integrated filters are provided in the operation area, a water supply pipeline for supplying environmental water to the integrated filter is provided in the operation area, the water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet through quick-connect joints, the water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet, and a water inlet and a water outlet are connected to the water supply pipeline, and a fixing liquid filler is provided in the buoy collection box for filling the fixing liquid into the integrated filter.
[0018] The present invention also provides a biodiversity monitoring method, comprising the following steps:
[0019] S1: Arrange the eDNA sampling points. The sampling points can be single points, multiple points or distributed linearly along the watershed. Set up corresponding collectors at each sampling point.
[0020] S2: Install the integrated filter on the new collector, set the date, record the sampling location, conduct continuous sampling and enrichment of eDNA at a fixed time and quantity, store the samples in situ after adding the fixative, and take out the samples regularly;
[0021] S3: Processing the eDNA material captured and enriched by the microporous filter membrane or filter disc of the integrated filter to extract DNA;
[0022] S4: amplify and sequence DNA fragments, and compare with the sequence information in the database for data analysis;
[0023] S5: Combined with traditional biodiversity survey methods, continuous sampling analysis and monitoring are carried out to obtain biodiversity analysis results, and corresponding statistical results are given according to different needs to form an evaluation method
[0024] Furthermore, in step S5, continuous sampling analysis and monitoring include aquatic biodiversity census, water bird diversity, invasive species monitoring, rare and endangered species monitoring, indicator species monitoring, new species discovery, species cycle changes in the area, and analysis of regional change patterns.
[0025] Furthermore, in step S5, data analysis lays out linear relationships for multiple points, analyzes species migration patterns, tracking, regional distribution, intra-community diversity, inter-community diversity, and metric analysis of similar habitats in different locations, and combines temperature changes, water quality changes, urban development, and human interference factors at the points to form a comprehensive biodiversity assessment method.
[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0027] 1. It solves the randomness and professionalism of traditional biodiversity surveys and improves the comprehensiveness and sensitivity of monitoring and analysis.
[0028] 2. Realize continuous monitoring of biodiversity through reasonable point layout and automatic continuous sampling; it is easy to increase the sampling frequency and save manpower, material resources and time costs;
[0029] 3. It can effectively reduce the impact of environmental and human factors on samples, and the sampling process is non-destructive to the on-site environment.
[0030] 4. Effectively reduce the professional requirements for biodiversity monitoring and avoid the problem of highly professional survey methods and being greatly affected by human influence.
[0031] 5. The analysis technology and process are relatively mature and easy to promote and implement.
[0032] 6. Acquiring data makes it easier to implement various monitoring analyses and method evaluations related to diversity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0033] The present invention will be further described and explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an indoor data collector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the outdoor data collector.
[0036] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the buoy data collector.
[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the float collector.
[0038] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an integrated filter.
[0039] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of a biodiversity monitoring method of the present invention.
[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram used to represent the species diversity census.
[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram used to reflect the analysis of biodiversity and temperature change trends.
[0042] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram used to reflect the distribution analysis of diversity points.
[0043] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram used to illustrate the analysis of algae trend changes.
[0044] Figure numerals: 1. integrated filter; 11. filter housing; 12. water inlet; 13. water outlet; 2. indoor collection box; 3. outdoor collection box; 4. floating platform; 41. fixed pile; 42. buoy collection box; 5. buoy; 51. bracket; 61. water supply pipeline; 62. water inlet; 63. drain outlet; 64. fixing liquid filler; 7. solar panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] The technical solution of the present invention will be more clearly and completely explained below through description of preferred embodiments of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings.
[0046] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is an eDNA collection and analysis system, comprising a number of sampling points distributed at different locations, the sampling points comprising indoor sampling points, outdoor sampling points and water sampling points, the indoor sampling points, outdoor sampling points and water sampling points being single points, multiple points or distributed linearly along a watershed, the medium water in the natural environment collected by the indoor sampling points, outdoor sampling points and water sampling points comprising river water, lake water, river water, sea water or groundwater.
[0047] The indoor sampling point is equipped with a sampling room, the sampling room is equipped with an indoor collector, the outdoor sampling point is equipped with an outdoor collector, and the water sampling point is equipped with a buoy collector or a floating drum collector. The indoor collector, the outdoor collector, the buoy collector and the floating drum collector are respectively equipped with an integrated filter 1 for filtering and collecting eDNA. Figure 5 As shown, the integrated filter 1 includes a filter housing 11 with a cavity sealing structure, wherein one or more layers of porous filter membranes or filter discs are arranged in the filter housing 11, an upper water inlet 12 is arranged above the filter housing 11, and a lower water inlet 13 is arranged below the filter housing 11.
[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the indoor collection instrument includes an indoor collection box 2, in which a plurality of independent integrated filters 1 are arranged, and a water supply pipeline 61 for supplying environmental water to the integrated filter 1 is arranged in the indoor collection box 2, the water supply pipeline 61 is connected to the water inlet 12 and the water outlet 13 through a quick-connect joint, and a water inlet 62 and a water outlet 63 are connected to the water supply pipeline 61, and a fixing liquid filler 64 for filling the fixing liquid into the integrated filter 1 is arranged in the collection box.
[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the outdoor collection instrument includes an outdoor collection box 3, a solar cell panel 7 is provided on the top of the outdoor collection box 3, a plurality of independent integrated filters 1 are provided in the outdoor collection box 3, a water supply pipeline 61 for supplying environmental water to the integrated filter 1 is provided in the outdoor collection box 3, the water supply pipeline 61 is connected to the upper water inlet 12 and the lower water inlet 13 through a quick connector, a water inlet 62 and a drain outlet 63 are connected to the water supply pipeline 61, and a fixing liquid filler 64 for filling the fixing liquid into the integrated filter 1 is provided in the outdoor collection box 3.
[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the buoy collection instrument includes a floating platform 4, which can float on the water surface. The four corners of the bottom of the floating platform 4 are respectively connected to fixed piles 41, and the end of the fixed pile 41 away from the floating platform 4 is fixed to the bottom of the water body. A buoy collection box 42 is provided on the floating platform 4, and a solar cell panel 7 is provided on the top of the buoy collection box 42. A plurality of independent integrated filters 1 are provided in the buoy collection box 42. A water supply pipeline 61 for supplying environmental water to the integrated filter 1 is provided in the buoy collection box 42. The water supply pipeline 61 is connected to the upper water inlet 12 and the lower water inlet 13 through quick connectors. A water inlet 62 and a drain outlet 63 are connected to the water supply pipeline 61. A fixing liquid filler 64 for filling the fixing liquid into the integrated filter 1 is provided in the buoy collection box 42.
[0051] like Figure 4As shown, the buoy collector includes a buoy 5, which can float on the water surface. A counterweight is provided at the bottom of the buoy 5, a bracket 51 is provided at the top of the buoy 5, a solar panel 7 is provided on the side of the bracket 51, an operation area is provided in the bracket 51, and a plurality of independent integrated filters 1 are provided in the operation area. A water supply pipeline 61 for supplying environmental water to the integrated filter 1 is provided in the operation area. The water supply pipeline 61 is connected to the upper water inlet 12 and the lower water inlet 13 through quick connectors. A water inlet 62 and a drain outlet 63 are connected to the water supply pipeline 61. A fixing liquid filler 64 for filling the integrated filter 1 with fixing liquid is provided in the buoy collection box 42.
[0052] The present invention also proposes a biodiversity monitoring method, such as Figure 6 As shown, the following steps are included:
[0053] S1: Arrange the eDNA sampling points. The sampling points can be single points, multiple points or distributed linearly along the watershed. Set up corresponding collectors at each sampling point.
[0054] S2: Install the integrated filter 1 on the new collector, set the date, record the sampling location, perform continuous sampling and enrichment of eDNA at a fixed time and quantity, store the samples in situ after adding the fixative, and take out the samples regularly;
[0055] S3: treating and eluting the eDNA material captured and enriched by the microporous filter membrane or filter disc of the integrated filter 1, removing impurities such as proteins, ions, and small primer fragments, recovering all DNA fragment solutions, and extracting DNA;
[0056] S4: Based on a specific reaction system and reaction conditions, the extracted DNA is replicated through relevant equipment and methods to increase the number of copies of a specific DNA sequence, amplify and sequence the DNA fragments, and compare them with the sequence information in the database for data analysis. The base sequence of the specific DNA fragment is analyzed based on high-throughput sequencing technology to achieve sequencing. The database refers to the nucleotide sequence, single nucleotide polymorphism, structure, properties and related descriptions of all known nucleic acids. You can choose public bioinformatics databases such as GenBank in the United States, EMBL in Europe, and DDBJ in Japan, or collect samples to build your own database. The comparison process includes simulating the barcode sequence annotation process based on sequence similarity, and counting the species annotation of the sequence obtained by sequencing in the public database or self-built database. When the sequence to be annotated has only one highly similar species in the reference database, the sequence is marked as accurately annotated;
[0057] S5: Combined with traditional biodiversity survey methods, continuous sampling analysis and monitoring are carried out to obtain biodiversity analysis results, and corresponding statistical results are given according to different needs to form an evaluation method. Continuous sampling analysis and monitoring include aquatic biodiversity census, water bird diversity, invasive species monitoring, rare and endangered species monitoring, indicator species monitoring, new species discovery, species cycle changes in the area, and analysis of regional change patterns. In step S5, data analysis lays out linear relationships for multiple points, analyzes species migration patterns, tracking, regional distribution, intra-community diversity, inter-community diversity, and off-site similar habitat measurement analysis in biodiversity, and combines point temperature changes, water quality changes, urban development, and human interference factors to form a comprehensive biodiversity evaluation method.
[0058] Specific application examples are as follows:
[0059] Species diversity census, such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it indicates the total number of relevant fish, benthic, pelagic, bird and other species measured at this point, as well as the statistics of the family, order, genus and species of each species; based on this data, a census of the entire species and analysis of the species point distribution can be achieved.
[0060] Analysis of biodiversity and temperature trends, such as Figure 8 As shown, long-term data analysis statistics realizes the analysis of the correlation between trend changes of related species and temperature.
[0061] Diversity point distribution analysis, such as Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, the statistical analysis shows the regional distribution of relevant fish, benthic, pelagic, bird and other species at different points, and then combines the environment, weather, water quality, geographical location, human factors, urban development, etc. to achieve the analysis of diversity within each community, diversity between communities, and similar habitats in different locations.
[0062] Analysis of algae trend changes, such as Fig.10 As shown in the figure, the analysis shows that the trend change analysis of algae over time can be combined with the physical and chemical factors of water bodies, climate change, etc. to realize the analysis of the mechanism of algae outbreak, and thus provide a methodological basis for early warning and prediction of algae outbreaks.
[0063] The present invention provides an automatic, continuous, highly sensitive, simple and reliable monitoring and evaluation method for biodiversity monitoring that is diverse in evaluation and easy to standardize and promote, providing method support for biodiversity monitoring. The method is easy to standardize, promote and manage, improves sample sampling automation, in-situ, and sampling frequency standardization, saves time and effort, and is low in cost; it solves the contingency existing in traditional biodiversity monitoring and reduces the shortcomings of environmental and human factors on samples; it has the characteristics of non-destructiveness of the sampling process to the on-site environment, standardized analysis process, and high sensitivity of the results; in particular, it can simplify, standardize, accurately, and easily promote biodiversity monitoring through single-point and linear point analysis, and the continuity, long-term nature, and diversity of change evaluation of monitoring can be achieved, providing support for overall biodiversity monitoring.
[0064] The above specific implementations are only descriptions of the preferred implementations of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept and spirit of the present invention, various modifications, substitutions and improvements made by ordinary technicians in this field to the technical solution of the present invention based on the text description and drawings provided by the present invention should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the claims.
Claims
1. An eDNA collection and analysis system, characterized in that: It includes several sampling points distributed in different positions, including indoor sampling points, outdoor sampling points and water sampling points. The indoor sampling points, outdoor sampling points and water sampling points are single points, multiple points or linearly distributed along the watershed. The medium water in the natural environment collected by the indoor sampling points, outdoor sampling points and water sampling points includes river water, lake water, river water, sea water or groundwater. The indoor sampling points are provided with a sampling room, and the sampling room is provided with an indoor collector. The outdoor sampling points are provided with an outdoor collector. The water sampling points are provided with a buoy collector or a floating drum collector. The indoor collector, outdoor collector, buoy collector and floating drum collector are respectively provided with integrated filters for filtering and collecting eDNA.
2. The eDNA collection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated filter comprises a filter housing with a cavity sealing structure, wherein one or more layers of porous filter membranes or filter sheets are arranged in the filter housing, an upper water inlet is arranged above the filter housing, and a lower water inlet is arranged below the filter housing.
3. The eDNA collection and analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The indoor collection instrument includes an indoor collection box, which is equipped with a plurality of independent integrated filters. The indoor collection box is equipped with a water supply pipeline for supplying environmental water to the integrated filters. The water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet through a quick-connect joint. The water supply pipeline is connected to a water inlet and a water outlet. The collection box is equipped with a fixing liquid filler for filling the fixing liquid into the integrated filter.
4. The eDNA collection and analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outdoor collection instrument includes an outdoor collection box, a solar cell panel is provided on the top of the outdoor collection box, a plurality of independent integrated filters are provided in the outdoor collection box, a water supply pipeline for supplying environmental water to the integrated filters is provided in the outdoor collection box, the water supply pipeline is connected to the upper water inlet and the lower water inlet through a quick-connect joint, a water inlet and a drain are connected to the water supply pipeline, and a fixing liquid filler is provided in the outdoor collection box for filling the fixing liquid into the integrated filter.
5. The eDNA collection and analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buoy collection instrument includes a floating platform, which can float on the water surface. The four corners of the bottom of the floating platform are respectively connected to fixed piles, and the ends of the fixed piles away from the floating platform are fixed to the bottom of the water body. A buoy collection box is provided on the floating platform, and a solar panel is provided on the top of the buoy collection box. The buoy collection box is provided with a number of independent integrated filters. The buoy collection box is provided with a water supply pipeline for supplying environmental water to the integrated filter. The water supply pipeline is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet through quick-connect joints. The water supply pipeline is connected to a water inlet and a water outlet. The buoy collection box is provided with a fixing liquid filler for filling the integrated filter with fixing liquid.
6. The eDNA collection and analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buoy collector includes a buoy, which can float on the water surface, a counterweight is provided at the bottom of the buoy, a bracket is provided at the top of the buoy, a solar panel is provided on the side of the bracket, an operation area is provided in the bracket, a plurality of independent integrated filters are provided in the operation area, a water supply pipeline for supplying environmental water to the integrated filter is provided in the operation area, the water supply pipeline is connected to the upper water inlet and the lower water outlet through quick-connect joints, a water inlet and a drain are connected to the water supply pipeline, and a fixing liquid filler for filling the fixing liquid into the integrated filter is provided in the buoy collection box.
7. A biodiversity monitoring method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Arrange the eDNA sampling points. The sampling points can be single points, multiple points or distributed linearly along the watershed. Set up corresponding collectors at each sampling point. S2: Install the integrated filter on the new collector, set the date, record the sampling location, conduct continuous sampling and enrichment of eDNA at a fixed time and quantity, store the samples in situ after adding the fixative, and take out the samples regularly; S3: Processing the eDNA material captured and enriched by the microporous filter membrane or filter disc of the integrated filter to extract DNA; S4: amplify and sequence DNA fragments, and compare with the sequence information in the database for data analysis; S5: Combined with traditional biodiversity survey methods, continuous sampling analysis and monitoring are carried out to obtain biodiversity analysis results, and corresponding statistical results are given according to different needs to form an evaluation method.
8. A biodiversity monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S5, continuous sampling analysis and monitoring includes aquatic biodiversity census, water bird diversity, invasive species monitoring, rare and endangered species monitoring, indicator species monitoring, new species discovery, regional species cycle changes, and analysis of regional change patterns.
9. A biodiversity monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S5, the data analysis lays out linear relationships for multiple points, analyzes species migration patterns, tracking, regional distribution, intra-community diversity, inter-community diversity, and metric analysis of similar habitats in different locations, and combines temperature changes, water quality changes, urban development, and human interference factors at the points to form a comprehensive biodiversity evaluation method.