Suspension type reverse support template equipment of high-precision inner enclosure plate

Abstract

The invention provides a suspension type reverse support template device of a high-precision inner enclosure plate, which belongs to the technical field of building construction and comprises a suspension reverse support system, a preloading system and a fine adjustment system, the suspension reverse supporting system is composed of a suspension rod, a base plate, double-channel steel, an I-shaped wood beam, a nut, a net rack lower hanging steel beam and a formwork. The suspenders penetrate through the base plates to be connected with the net rack lower hanging steel beams, the lower ends of the suspenders penetrate through the double-channel steel and are fixed through nuts, the I-shaped wood beams are arranged below the double-channel steel, and the formworks are installed at the lower ends of the I-shaped wood beams. The preloading system is composed of a nut, a hanging rod, a hanging ring, a hanging rope, a heavy object and a base plate. A suspender of the preloading system is fixed on the double-channel steel of the suspension reverse support system through a base plate and a nut; the lifting ring is connected with a heavy object through a lifting rope; the fine adjustment system is composed of a hanging rod, a polyfluortetraethylene plate, a visual adjusting gasket, an adjusting nut and a safety nut. The problem that the template elevation is difficult to accurately control in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and in particular relates to a suspended counter-support formwork device for a high-precision inner enclosure panel. Background Art

[0002] When constructing horizontal load-bearing components in civil engineering, temporary supports are required to control their elevation. Common methods include scaffolding, Bailey beams combined with scaffolding, and scaffolding combined with composite slabs. Scaffolding is the most convenient construction method and has the widest application range. The Bailey beam combined with scaffolding combination is used as an optimization for scaffolding in specialized applications, such as bridge construction, while the scaffolding combined with composite slabs is primarily used for horizontal component construction where assembly efficiency is critical. However, for large-span, high-profile structures, scaffolding erection and dismantling can take up considerable time, and the cost of erecting a full-length scaffold is the highest. The Bailey beam combined with scaffolding significantly reduces the scaffolding mass, but while installation and dismantling take slightly less time than traditional full-length scaffolding, the cost is comparable to that of traditional scaffolding. Therefore, an innovative formwork support system has been proposed for the construction of large-span, high-precision horizontal components, which can effectively improve construction efficiency and reduce costs, and holds great promise for future applications.

[0003] For the construction of large-span, high-precision interior enclosure panels combined with grid frames, currently commonly used methods include erecting full-height support scaffolding, combining Bailey beams with full-height scaffolding, and then eliminating plastic deformation of the support frame, primary and secondary keels, and formwork combination through preloading. However, when using the above construction methods for the construction of the combined structure of the interior enclosure panel and grid frame, although the deformation of the support frame, primary and secondary keels, and formwork combination can be eliminated, due to the connection between the interior enclosure panel and the steel grid frame, during the construction of the interior enclosure panel, the grid frame is subjected to the force applied during the construction of the interior enclosure panel. When the support frame is erected, the deformation cannot fully reflect the final adjustment. After the support system is dismantled, the grid frame cannot meet the high-precision formwork elevation requirements due to the deviation between theoretical analysis and actual conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-precision suspended counter-support formwork equipment for inner enclosure panels, which can solve the problem that it is difficult to accurately control the formwork elevation in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0006] The present invention provides a suspended counter-support formwork equipment for high-precision inner enclosure panels, which includes: a suspended counter-support system, a preloading system and a fine-tuning system; the suspended counter-support system consists of a hanger, a pad, a double-channel steel, an I-beam, a nut, a steel beam hanging under the grid and a formwork; the hanger passes through the pad and is connected to the steel beam hanging under the grid, the lower end of the hanger passes through the double-channel steel and is fixed by a nut, an I-beam is arranged under the double-channel steel, and the formwork is installed at the lower end of the I-beam; the preloading system consists of a nut, a hanger, a lifting ring, a lifting rope, a weight and a pad; the hanger of the preloading system is fixed to the double-channel steel of the suspended counter-support system by a pad and a nut, a lifting ring is welded to the lower end of the hanger, and the lifting ring is connected to the weight by a lifting rope; the fine-tuning system consists of a hanger, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate, a visual adjustment gasket, an adjusting nut and a safety nut; the hanger of the fine-tuning system passes through the visual adjustment gasket, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate is arranged under the visual adjustment gasket, and the adjusting nut and the safety nut are installed at the upper end of the hanger.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the high-precision inner enclosure panel suspension type counter-support formwork equipment of the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0008] The relationship between the template elevation adjustment amount and the support system deformation amount satisfies the following:

[0009] Δh=k1ΔL+k2ΔF+k3ΔT+ε;

[0010] Where Δh is the formwork elevation adjustment, in mm; ΔL is the deformation of the support system member, in mm; ΔF is the deformation caused by load, in mm; ΔT is the deformation caused by temperature, in mm; k1, k2, and k3 are influence coefficients; and ε is the error term, with a value range of ±0.5 mm.

[0011] The suspension anti-support system's booms are made of Q345B steel, the boom surfaces are treated with anti-corrosion treatment, and the boom spacing satisfies the following relationship:

[0012]

[0013] Where S is the distance between the suspenders, in mm; E is the elastic modulus of the material, in MPa; i is the moment of inertia of the section, in mm 4 ; q is the uniformly distributed load, unit is N / mm; σ is the actual stress, unit is MPa; [σ] is the allowable stress, unit is MPa.

[0014] The preloading system adopts a detachable connection structure, the heavy object adopts a container filled with fluid, and the weight of the heavy object satisfies the following relationship:

[0015] W = ρV(1+αΔt)(1+βh);

[0016] Where W is the weight of the object, in N; ρ is the density of the fluid, in kg / m 3 ; V is the volume of the container, in m 3 ; α is the temperature influence coefficient, ranging from 0.001 to 0.003; Δt is the temperature change value, in °C; β is the height influence coefficient, ranging from 0.0001 to 0.0003; h is the construction height, in m.

[0017] Wherein, the scale of the gasket in the fine-tuning system satisfies the following relationship:

[0018] δ=P / (n·θ);

[0019] Where δ is the height represented by each scale, in mm; P is the pitch, in mm; n is the number of scales per circle; θ is the rotation angle, in degrees.

[0020] Wherein, the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate satisfies the following relationship:

[0021]

[0022] Where, T is the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene sheet, in mm; f s is the safety factor, ranging from 1.2 to 1.5; d is the horizontal displacement, in mm; E is the elastic modulus, in MPa; [σ] is the allowable stress, in MPa.

[0023] Among them, the double channel steel adopts national standard No. 10 channel steel, the surface of the channel steel is treated with rust prevention, and the channel steel is fixedly connected to the I-beam by high-strength bolts.

[0024] 8. The suspended counter-support formwork equipment for high-precision inner enclosure panels according to claim 1 is characterized in that the I-beam is made of anti-corrosion treated pine wood, the width of the I-beam is 150 mm, the height is 200 mm, and the I-beam is fixedly connected to the formwork by self-tapping screws.

[0025] Among them, the template is made of laminated plywood with a thickness of 18mm. The template surface is coated with a release agent, and the templates are connected by tongue and groove. The lifting ring of the preloading system is forged with 45 steel, the inner wall of the lifting ring is polished, and the lifting ring and the suspension rod are fully welded.

[0026] The visual adjustment gasket is made of high-strength aluminum alloy material, with scale lines and digital logos engraved on the surface of the gasket, and the center hole diameter of the gasket matches the outer diameter of the boom.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the high-precision suspended counter-support formwork equipment for inner enclosure panels provided by the present invention are:

[0028] 1. Precisely control formwork elevation. The suspended counter-support system precisely suspends the formwork from the grid using hangers, while double-channel steel and I-beams provide support, effectively controlling formwork deformation. A preload system preloads the suspension system before pouring concrete, compensating for formwork deformation and ensuring the formwork maintains its designed height. A fine-tuning system utilizes visual adjustment pads and PTFE plates to precisely adjust formwork elevation to ±0.5mm accuracy, meeting the high-standard dimensional requirements of interior enclosure panels.

[0029] 2. Improve construction efficiency. This equipment utilizes a suspended support structure, eliminating the need for numerous supporting columns. This significantly reduces construction site space and simplifies formwork installation and removal. The preload system utilizes a detachable connection structure, facilitating adjustment and disassembly during construction, further improving construction efficiency. The entire support system boasts a rational structure, simple installation, and flexible operation, making it suitable for a variety of interior enclosure construction scenarios.

[0030] 3. Safety Considered. The materials and connections of each component of this equipment have been rigorously designed to ensure a stable and reliable support system. The suspended counter-support system is constructed of high-strength steel and treated for corrosion resistance, ensuring excellent durability. The preload system's weights are contained in fluid containers, facilitating unloading during construction. The fine-tuning system features adjustment nuts and safety nuts to ensure stable formwork elevation adjustments. Overall, this equipment meets high-precision requirements while also fully considering construction safety.

[0031] To sum up, the suspended counter-support formwork equipment for high-precision inner enclosure panels proposed in the present invention can accurately control the formwork elevation, improve construction efficiency, and take safety into consideration, which better solves the problem that the existing technology is difficult to accurately control the formwork elevation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a suspended counter-support template device for a high-precision inner enclosure provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the suspension counter-support system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the preloading system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the fine-tuning system of the present invention;

[0036] The meanings of the various figure marks in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Suspension counter-support system; 2. Preloading system; 3. Fine-tuning system; 1-1. Suspension counter-support system hanger; 1-2. Suspension counter-support system pad; 1-3. Double-channel steel; 1-4. I-beam; 1-5. Suspension counter-support system nut; 1-6. Steel beam hanging under the truss; 1-7. Formwork; 2-1. Preloading system nut; 2-2. Suspension system hanger; 2-3. Lifting ring; 2-4. Lifting rope; 2-5. Heavy object; 2-6. Preloading system pad; 3-1. Fine-tuning system hanger; 3-2. Polytetrafluoroethylene plate; 3-3. Visual adjustment gasket; 3-4. Adjustment nut; 3-5. Safety nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] The present invention provides a suspended counter-support formwork device for a high-precision inner enclosure plate, characterized in that it comprises: a suspended counter-support system 1, a preloading system 2 and a fine-tuning system 3; the suspended counter-support system 1 is composed of a suspension rod 1-1, a pad 1-2, a double-channel steel 1-3, an I-beam 1-4, a nut 1-5, a steel beam 1-6 hanging below the grid and a template 1-7; the suspension rod 1-1 passes through the pad 1-2 and is connected to the steel beam 1-6 hanging below the grid, the lower end of the suspension rod 1-1 passes through the double-channel steel 1-3 and is fixed by the nut 1-5, an I-beam 1-4 is arranged below the double-channel steel 1-3, and a template 1-7 is installed at the lower end of the I-beam 1-4; the preloading system 2 is composed of a nut 2-1, a suspension rod 2-2, a lifting ring 2- 3, a lifting rope 2-4, a weight 2-5 and a pad 2-6; the lifting rod 2-2 of the preloading system 2 is fixed to the double-channel steel 1-3 of the suspension counter-support system 1 through the pad 2-6 and the nut 2-1, and a lifting ring 2-3 is welded to the lower end of the lifting rod 2-2, and the lifting ring 2-3 is connected to the weight 2-5 through the lifting rope 2-4; the fine-tuning system 3 is composed of a lifting rod 3-1, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2, a visual adjustment gasket 3-3, an adjusting nut 3-4 and a safety nut 3-5; the lifting rod 3-1 of the fine-tuning system 3 passes through the visual adjustment gasket 3-3, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2 is arranged below the visual adjustment gasket 3-3, and the adjusting nut 3-4 and the safety nut 3-5 are installed on the lifting rod 3-1.

[0039] The following provides a detailed description of the design and implementation of each system:

[0040] (I) Design and Implementation of Suspended Counter-Support System 1: Suspended counter-support system 1 is the core of this equipment and primarily consists of a suspender 1-1, a backing plate 1-2, double-channel steel 1-3, an I-beam 1-4, nuts 1-5, steel beams 1-6 under the grid, and formwork 1-7. This system primarily suspends formwork 1-7 from steel beams 1-6 under the grid via suspender 1-1, while supporting the formwork with double-channel steel 1-3 and I-beams 1-4, ensuring high precision for the interior enclosure.

[0041] 1. Design of boom 1-1:

[0042] The boom 1-1 is made of Q345B steel and is treated with anti-corrosion. The spacing S of the boom 1-1 must meet the following relationship:

[0043]

[0044] Where S is the spacing between the booms, in mm; E is the elastic modulus of the material, in MPa; I is the moment of inertia of the section, in mm 4 ; q is the uniformly distributed load, unit is N / mm; σ is the actual stress, unit is MPa; [σ] is the allowable stress, unit is MPa.

[0045] In formula 1, E and I are the geometric parameters of materials and components, which can be determined according to actual conditions; q is the self-weight of the formwork and loads such as concrete, which can be reasonably estimated based on engineering experience; σ and [σ] must meet the structural safety requirements, and [σ] is generally taken as 0.6σ y , where σ y is the yield strength of steel. The appropriate hanger spacing S can be calculated using Formula 1 to meet the requirements of bearing capacity and deformation control.

[0046] 2. Design of double channel steel 1-3 and I-beam 1-4:

[0047] Double channel steel 1-3 is constructed of national standard No. 10 channel steel with a rust-proof surface treatment. The channel steel is secured to I-beam 1-4 with high-strength bolts. I-beam 1-4 is made of anti-corrosion-treated pine wood, measures 150 mm wide and 200 mm high, and is secured to formwork 1-7 with self-tapping screws.

[0048] 3. Design of templates 1-7:

[0049] Formwork 1-7 is made of 18mm thick film-faced plywood, coated with a release agent, and connected with tongue-and-groove panels. This ensures a smooth surface for easy demoulding of the concrete, while also increasing the overall rigidity of the formwork.

[0050] (2) Design and Implementation of Preloading System 2: Preloading System 2 preloads the suspended counter-support system 1 before pouring concrete to compensate for formwork deformation and ensure formwork elevation accuracy. Preloading System 2 consists of a nut 2-1, a suspension rod 2-2, a lifting ring 2-3, a suspension rope 2-4, a weight 2-5, and a pad 2-6.

[0051] 1. Design of weights 2-5:

[0052] The weights 2-5 are containers filled with fluid, and the weight W must satisfy the following relationship:

[0053] W = ρV(1+αΔt)(1+βh);

[0054] Where W is the weight of the object, in N; ρ is the density of the fluid, in kg / m 3 ; V is the volume of the container, in m 3 ; α is the temperature influence coefficient, ranging from 0.001 to 0.003; Δt is the temperature change value, in °C; β is the height influence coefficient, ranging from 0.0001 to 0.0003; h is the construction height, in m.

[0055] In Equation 2, ρ and V are fluid parameters that can be determined based on actual conditions; α and β are empirical coefficients, taking values ​​within the recommended ranges above; Δt and h are engineering environmental parameters that can be obtained through on-site measurements. Equation 2 can be used to calculate the appropriate weight W to compensate for deformation of the suspended counter-support system 1 during concrete pouring.

[0056] 2. Connection design of preloading system 2:

[0057] Preload system 2 features a removable connection structure, facilitating adjustment and disassembly during construction. Lifting ring 2-3 is forged from 45-gauge steel, with a polished inner surface. It is fully welded to suspension rod 2-2. Suspension rod 2-2 of preload system 2 is secured to double-channel steel 1-3 of suspension counter-support system 1 via backing plate 2-6 and nut 2-1.

[0058] (3) Design and Implementation of Fine-Adjustment System 3: Fine-Adjustment System 3 precisely controls the elevation of formwork 1-7 through adjustment, ensuring high precision of the inner enclosure. Fine-Adjustment System 3 consists of a hanger 3-1, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2, a visual adjustment washer 3-3, an adjustment nut 3-4, and a safety nut 3-5.

[0059] 1. Design of visual adjustment gasket 3-3:

[0060] The visual adjustment gasket 3-3 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy. The surface of the gasket is engraved with scale lines and digital logos. The center hole diameter matches the outer diameter of the boom 3-1. The gasket scale satisfies the following relationship:

[0061] δ=P / (n·θ);

[0062] Where δ is the height represented by each scale, in mm; P is the pitch, in mm; n is the number of scales per circle; θ is the rotation angle, in degrees.

[0063] In Equation 3, P, n, and θ are the design parameters of the visual adjustment spacer 3-3 and can be determined based on actual needs. Equation 3 can be used to calculate the height δ represented by each scale, thereby achieving precise control of the template elevation.

[0064] 2. Design of polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2:

[0065] The function of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2 is to provide sliding support for the fine-tuning system 3 and reduce friction resistance during the adjustment process. The thickness T of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2 must satisfy the following relationship:

[0066]

[0067] Where, T is the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene sheet, in mm; f s is the safety factor, ranging from 1.2 to 1.5; d is the horizontal displacement, in mm; E is the elastic modulus, in MPa; [σ] is the allowable stress, in MPa.

[0068] In formula 4, f s is the safety factor, which should be within the recommended range. d is the expected horizontal displacement, which can be reasonably estimated based on engineering experience. E and [σ] are material parameters, which can be obtained by referring to relevant material performance standards. Equation 4 can be used to calculate the appropriate thickness T of the polytetrafluoroethylene sheet 3-2.

[0069] 3. Design of adjusting nut 3-4 and safety nut 3-5:

[0070] Adjustment nut 3-4 and safety nut 3-5 are installed at the upper end of boom 3-1, and together with visual adjustment washer 3-3, they enable precise adjustment of the formwork elevation. Adjustment nut 3-4 is used for coarse adjustment, while safety nut 3-5 is used for fixing and ensuring the stability of the adjustment structure.

[0071] 4. The relationship between the template elevation adjustment and the support system deformation is as follows:

[0072] Δh=k1ΔL+k2ΔF+k3ΔT+ε;

[0073] Where Δh is the formwork elevation adjustment, in mm; ΔL is the deformation of the support system member, in mm; ΔF is the deformation caused by load, in mm; ΔT is the deformation caused by temperature, in mm; k1, k2, and k3 are influence coefficients; and ε is the error term, with a value range of ±0.5 mm.

[0074] In summary, this high-precision interior enclosure suspended counter-support formwork equipment effectively controls the formwork elevation and ensures high precision for the interior enclosure through the coordinated operation of the suspended counter-support system 1, preloading system 2, and fine-tuning system 3. The suspended counter-support system 1 provides the main support, the preloading system 2 pre-compensates for deformation, and the fine-tuning system 3 precisely adjusts the formwork elevation. These three coordinated systems ensure the high-precision requirements for interior enclosure construction.

[0075] A specific embodiment 1 of the present invention is provided below.

[0076] like Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a suspension type counter-support formwork device for a high-precision inner enclosure provided by the present invention, comprising a suspension counter-support system 1, a preloading system 2 and a fine-tuning system 3.

[0077] like Figure 2 As shown, the suspended counter-support system 1 consists of a hanger 1-1, a pad 1-2, a double channel steel 1-3, an I-beam 1-4, nuts 1-5, a steel beam 1-6 hanging below the grid, and formwork 1-7. The spacing between the hangers, double channel steel, and I-beam is adjusted and verified based on actual project requirements. The entire suspended counter-support system is suspended from the steel beam 1-6 hanging below the grid by passing the hanger 1-1 through the double channel steel 1-3. The double channel steel 1-3 and the steel beam 1-6 hanging below the grid are secured to the hanger 1-1 using pads 1-2 and nuts 1-5.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, the preloading system 2 consists of a nut 2-1, a suspension rod 2-2, a lifting ring 2-3, a lifting rope 2-4, a weight 2-5, and a pad 2-6. The weight is a fluid contained in a container, which facilitates unloading during concrete pouring. The preloading system suspension rod 2-2 is mounted on the double channel steel 1-3 of the suspended counter-support system 1. The suspension rod 2-2 is connected to the lifting ring 2-3. One end of the lifting rope 2-4 is attached to the lifting ring 2-3, and the other end is attached to the weight 2-5.

[0079] like Figure 4 As shown, the fine-tuning system 3 consists of a suspension rod 3-1, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2, a visual adjustment washer 3-3, an adjustment nut 3-4, and a safety nut 3-5. From bottom to top, the fine-tuning system 3 consists of the suspension rod 3-1, the visual adjustment washer 3-3, the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2, the adjustment nut 3-4, and the safety nut 3-5.

[0080] Specifically, during installation, the double channel steel 1-3 is arranged and connected to the steel beam 1-6 hanging under the truss through the hanger 1-1, the I-beam 1-4 and the formwork 1-7 are arranged, the inner enclosure steel bar is installed, the hanger of the preload system 2 is hung on the double channel steel 1-3 on the suspension counter-support system 1, and fixed by the pad 2-6 and the nut 2-1, the lifting ring 2-3 is welded on the hanger 2-2, and the heavy object 2-5 is hung on the lifting ring 2-3 by the lifting rope 2-4, and the fine-tuning system 3 is installed at the same time when the suspension counter-support system 1 is installed, the visual adjustment gasket 3-3 and the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2 are installed on the pad 1-2 of the steel beam 1-6 hanging under the truss of the suspension counter-support system 1, and the adjustment nut 3-4 and the safety nut 3-5 are installed.

[0081] After completing the above installation work, adjust the accuracy of the suspension counter-support system 1 to the design requirement through the adjustment nut 3-4 of the fine-tuning system 3 combined with the visual adjustment gasket 3-3. When pouring concrete, the preloading system 2 is unloaded at the same time as the concrete. When the concrete pouring is completed, the preloading system 2 is completely removed to ensure the accuracy of the inner surface of the inner enclosure.

[0082] The following provides several specific application scenarios of the present invention.

[0083] Example 2: Construction of interior panels for a high-rise residential building. Located in a bustling city center, this high-rise residential project boasts a total construction area of ​​52,000 square meters, with 34 floors above ground and 3 floors underground. This project placed high demands on both interior finish quality and construction schedule, particularly regarding the geometric dimensional accuracy of the interior panels, which must be controlled within ±2 mm.

[0084] To meet this requirement, the construction party adopted the high-precision inner enclosure plate suspension type anti-support formwork equipment proposed in this invention. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0085] 1. Installation of suspension counter-support system 1

[0086] First, double channel steel 1-3, made of Q345B steel and treated for corrosion, is placed on the steel beam 1-6 under the grid. According to Equation 1, the spacing S between the hangers 1-1 in this project is 800 mm, meeting the requirements for structural safety and deformation control. Hanger 1-1 is connected to the steel beam 1-6 under the grid through pad 1-2. Pad 1-2 and nuts 1-5 secure the double channel steel 1-3.

[0087] I-beam 1-4, made of antiseptic pine wood and 150 mm wide and 200 mm high, is placed beneath double-channel steel 1-3. I-beam 1-4 is secured to formwork 1-7 with self-tapping screws. Formwork 1-7 is constructed of 18 mm thick film-coated plywood with a release agent and tongue-and-groove connections.

[0088] Through the above method, a complete suspended counter-support system 1 is formed, which can reliably support the inner enclosure plate formwork.

[0089] 2. Installation of preloaded system 2

[0090] The preload system 2's boom 2-2 is secured to the double channel steel 1-3 of the suspended counter-support system 1 using a spacer 2-6 and a nut 2-1. Based on equation 2 and the specific project conditions, the weight 2-5 is a container filled with water, with a weight W of 18 kN. A lifting ring 2-3 is welded to the lower end of boom 2-2. The inner surface of the lifting ring 2-3 is polished and fully welded to the boom 2-2. One end of a lifting rope 2-4 is attached to the lifting ring 2-3, and the other end carries the weight 2-5.

[0091] By installing the preloading system 2, the suspended counter-support system 1 can be preloaded before pouring concrete, laying the foundation for subsequent template elevation adjustment.

[0092] 3. Installation of fine-tuning system 3

[0093] Fine-tuning system 3 is installed on the pad 1-2 of the steel beam 1-6 under the suspended counter-support system 1. Based on the specific conditions of this project, the visual adjustment pad 3-3 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy. The scale on the pad meets Equation 3: 30 scales per circle, each scale representing a height change of δ = 0.1 mm. The thickness T of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2 is calculated as 8 mm according to Equation 4, which can withstand the expected horizontal displacement. Adjustment nut 3-4 and safety nut 3-5 are installed on the upper end of the boom 3-1, and in conjunction with the visual adjustment pad 3-3, precise control of the formwork elevation is achieved.

[0094] Through the coordinated installation of the above three subsystems, the high-precision inner enclosure panel suspension type counter-support formwork equipment of the present invention is formed.

[0095] 4. Adjustment and control during construction

[0096] After completing the above installation work, first adjust the elevation of template 1-7 to the design elevation using the fine-tuning system 3. Specifically, by observing the scale line on the visual adjustment spacer 3-3 and using the adjustment nut 3-4 to make fine adjustments until the template elevation meets the accuracy requirement of ±0.5mm.

[0097] Next, the inner enclosure reinforcement is tied. During this time, the elevation of the fine-tuning system 3 must be adjusted appropriately to ensure accurate rebar placement. After the rebar is tied, the preload system 2 is activated, using weights 2-5 to preload the suspended counter-support system 1 to compensate for formwork deformation during concrete pouring.

[0098] During the concrete pouring process, workers constantly monitor the scale changes on the visual adjustment spacer 3-3 and adjust the adjustment nut 3-4 as needed to ensure that the formwork elevation consistently meets the required accuracy. After the concrete pouring is complete, the preload system 2 is completely removed to ensure the final accuracy of the inner enclosure surface.

[0099] Through the above-mentioned fine adjustment and control, the elevation of the inner enclosure template of the project was controlled within ±1mm, meeting the project party's requirements for high precision and creating favorable conditions for subsequent interior decoration construction.

[0100] This embodiment fully demonstrates the application value of the present invention in high-rise residential projects. Through the coordinated cooperation of the suspension counter-support system 1, the preloading system 2, and the fine-tuning system 3, precise control of the elevation of the interior enclosure formwork is achieved, significantly improving construction quality and efficiency.

[0101] Example 3: Construction of basement interior panels. A large commercial complex located in the heart of the city features a nine-story podium and five underground floors. Due to site constraints, the construction space for the basement interior panels was very narrow, and the complex internal structure placed higher demands on formwork support accuracy and construction efficiency.

[0102] To address this problem, the construction team adopted the high-precision inner enclosure panel suspension type counter-support formwork equipment proposed in this invention. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0103] 1. System layout under space constraints

[0104] Due to the small space and complex internal structure of the basement, the traditional column support method cannot be used. After careful construction organization design, it was decided to arrange the various subsystems of the present invention as close to the inner enclosure as possible to save construction space.

[0105] First, double channel steel 1-3 is placed on the steel beams 1-6 under the grid around the inner enclosure. This steel uses No. 10 national standard channel steel and has undergone rust-proofing. Based on Equation 1, the spacing S between the hangers 1-1 in this project is set at 600mm to meet load-bearing and deformation control requirements. Hangers 1-1 are directly connected to the steel beams 1-6 under the grid through the pads 1-2. Double channel steel 1-3 is secured to the I-beams 1-4 using high-strength bolts.

[0106] I-beams 1-4 are made of antiseptic pine wood, 150 mm wide and 200 mm high, and are connected to formwork 1-7 with self-tapping screws. Formwork 1-7 is made of 18 mm thick film-coated plywood, coated with a release agent, and connected using tongue-and-groove connections.

[0107] The suspended counter-support system 1 arranged in this way not only meets the load-bearing and deformation control requirements of the inner enclosure panel, but also greatly reduces the space occupied, which is suitable for the narrow construction environment of the basement.

[0108] 2. Optimized design of preloading system 2

[0109] Considering the limited basement space, the layout of preload system 2 also required optimization. In combination with formula 2, weight 2-5 is a 240L container filled with fluid, with a weight W of 16kN. To minimize space usage, hanger 2-2 is the same hanger 1-1 as the suspension counter-support system 1, secured via spacer 2-6 and nut 2-1. Lifting ring 2-3 is forged from 45-gauge steel, with a polished interior, and is fully welded to hanger 2-2.

[0110] Through the above-mentioned optimized design, the preloading system 2 can make full use of the existing space, minimize the additional occupation, and conform to the characteristics of basement construction.

[0111] 3. Fine-tune the precise control of system 3

[0112] Fine-tuning system 3 is still installed on the base plate 1-2 of the steel beam 1-6 under the grid that suspends counter-support system 1. Visual adjustment pad 3-3 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy. The scale on the pad satisfies Equation 3: 40 markings per circle, each marking representing a height change of δ = 0.05 mm. The thickness T of the polytetrafluoroethylene sheet 3-2 is calculated as 6 mm according to Equation 4. Adjusting nut 3-4 and safety nut 3-5 are installed at the upper end of boom 3-1 to enable fine adjustment of the formwork elevation.

[0113] Through the above-mentioned optimized design, the fine-tuning system 3 can provide more precise template elevation control in the narrow basement space, meeting the project's stringent requirements on the geometric dimensions of the inner enclosure panels.

[0114] 4. Adjustment and control during construction

[0115] After completing the installation of the above system, first adjust the elevation of template 1-7 to the design elevation using the fine-tuning system 3. Specifically, observe the scale line on the visual adjustment spacer 3-3 and use the adjustment nut 3-4 to make fine adjustments until the template elevation meets the accuracy requirement of ±0.3mm.

[0116] Next, the inner enclosure reinforcement is tied. During this period, the elevation of the fine-tuning system 3 must be adjusted appropriately to ensure the accurate positioning of the reinforcement. After the reinforcement is tied, the preloading system 2 is activated, and the suspended counter-support system 1 is preloaded with weights 2-5 to compensate for the deformation of the formwork during the concrete pouring.

[0117] During the concrete pouring process, workers constantly monitor the scale changes on the visual adjustment spacer 3-3 and adjust the adjustment nut 3-4 as needed to ensure that the formwork elevation consistently meets the required accuracy. After the concrete pour is complete, the preload system 2 is quickly removed to ensure the final accuracy of the inner shell surface.

[0118] Through the above-mentioned fine adjustment and control, the elevation of the inner enclosure template of the project is controlled within ±0.5mm, far exceeding the industry standard and fully meeting the stringent requirements of basement interior decoration.

[0119] This example demonstrates the application value of the present invention in basement enclosure construction. In a confined space, by optimizing the system layout and coordinating the various subsystems of the present invention, not only precise control of the formwork elevation is achieved, but also significant improvements in construction efficiency are achieved.

[0120] Example 4: Construction of Special-Shaped Interior Sheathing Panels. A frame-shear structure office building project with a total construction area of ​​35,000 square meters, 12 floors above ground and 2 floors underground, was characterized by the presence of numerous complex, special-shaped components within the interior sheathing panels, placing higher demands on the precision and flexibility of the formwork support.

[0121] To meet this challenge, the construction team adopted the high-precision inner enclosure panel suspension type counter-support formwork equipment proposed in this invention. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0122] 1. Design of special-shaped component supports

[0123] Because the inner enclosure contains numerous complex, irregularly shaped components, the layout of the suspended counter-support system 1 requires greater flexibility. First, the spacing of the steel beams 1-6 hanging below the grid is rationally arranged based on the component locations to best meet the support requirements of each irregularly shaped component. Based on Equation 1, the spacing S between the hangers 1-1 for this project is 700mm.

[0124] The layout of double-channel steel 1-3 has also been adjusted accordingly, adopting a removable installation method to accommodate the support needs of irregularly shaped components. I-beams 1-4 were customized to the specific shape of formwork 1-7 to ensure a smooth surface. Formwork 1-7 utilizes 18mm-thick film-faced plywood with tongue-and-groove joints and a surface coating of release agent.

[0125] The above design fully considers the characteristics of special-shaped components, so that the suspension counter-support system 1 can flexibly cope with various complex components, laying the foundation for subsequent precise adjustment.

[0126] 2. Optimized design of preloading system 2

[0127] Given the large number of irregularly shaped components in this project, the design of preloading system 2 was optimized accordingly. According to Equation 2, weight 2-5 is a 280L container filled with fluid, with a weight W of 17kN. To enhance flexibility, the hanger 2-2 of preloading system 2 is removable, allowing for immediate adjustment to component positions. Furthermore, the lifting ring 2-3 is forged from 45-gauge steel with a polished interior and bolted to the hanger 2-2 for easy disassembly.

[0128] The above-mentioned optimized design enables the preloading system 2 to adapt to the support requirements of various special-shaped components at any time, creating conditions for subsequent template elevation adjustment.

[0129] 3. Fine-tuning System 3's fine control

[0130] Fine-tuning system 3 is still installed on the base plate 1-2 of the steel beam 1-6 under the grid that suspends counter-support system 1. Visual adjustment spacer 3-3 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy. The scale on the spacer surface satisfies Equation 3: 50 scale marks per circle, each representing a height change of δ = 0.02 mm. The thickness T of the polytetrafluoroethylene sheet 3-2 is calculated as 4 mm according to Equation 4. Adjusting nut 3-4 and safety nut 3-5 are installed at the upper end of boom 3-1 to enable fine adjustment of the formwork elevation.

[0131] The above design further improves the accuracy and flexibility of the fine-tuning system 3, and can meet the precise control requirements of the special-shaped inner enclosure panels of this project.

[0132] 4. Adjustment and control during construction

[0133] After completing the installation of the above system, first adjust the elevation of each special-shaped template 1-7 to the design elevation using the fine-tuning system 3. Specifically, observe the scale line on the visual adjustment spacer 3-3 and use the adjustment nut 3-4 to make fine adjustments until the elevation of each component template meets the accuracy requirement of ±0.2mm.

[0134] Next, the inner enclosure reinforcement is tied. During this period, the elevation of the fine-tuning system 3 must be adjusted appropriately to ensure the precise positioning of the reinforcement for each of the various shaped components. After the reinforcement is tied, the preloading system 2 is activated, using weights 2-5 to preload the suspended counter-support system 1 to compensate for formwork deformation during concrete pouring.

[0135] During the concrete pouring process, workers constantly monitor the scale changes on the visual adjustment spacer 3-3 and adjust the adjustment nut 3-4 as needed to ensure that the formwork elevations of each component consistently meet the required accuracy. After the concrete pour is complete, the preload system 2 is quickly removed to ensure the final accuracy of the inner surface of the inner enclosure.

[0136] Through the above-mentioned fine adjustment and control, the elevation of the inner enclosure template of the project was controlled within ±0.3mm, which greatly exceeded the industry standard and laid a solid foundation for the interior decoration quality of complex frame-shear structure projects.

[0137] This example demonstrates the application value of the present invention in the construction of irregularly shaped interior enclosure panels. By optimizing the design of the suspension counter-support system 1, preloading system 2, and fine-tuning system 3, precise control of the formwork elevation of complex irregularly shaped components is achieved, significantly improving construction efficiency and quality.

[0138] Specifically, the principle of the present invention is:

[0139] 1. Function of the Suspended Counter-Support System 1: The suspended counter-support system 1 is the main component of this equipment. It suspends the formwork 1-7 from the steel beams 1-6 under the grid via hangers 1-1, and provides support using double-channel steel 1-3 and I-beams 1-4. The spacing S between the hangers 1-1 satisfies Equation 1, ensuring that under the design load, the hanger stress does not exceed the allowable stress, thus preventing excessive deformation. The dimensions and connection method of the double-channel steel 1-3 and I-beams 1-4 have also been verified through structural calculations to ensure stable support for the formwork. This creates a reliable formwork support system, laying the foundation for subsequent preloading and fine-tuning.

[0140] 2. Function of Preloading System 2: Preloading System 2 preloads the suspended counter-support system 1 before concrete pouring to compensate for formwork deformation under the concrete load. It uses ropes 2-4 to suspend a weight 2-5 from the suspension boom 2-2, generating a preloading force using the weight of the weight. Weight 2-5 is a container filled with fluid, with a weight W satisfying Equation 2. This allows for adjustment based on actual needs and facilitates rapid unloading during concrete pouring. Preloading System 2 utilizes a detachable connection to the suspended counter-support system 1, facilitating adjustment and removal during construction.

[0141] 3. Function of Fine-Adjustment System 3: Fine-adjustment system 3 is the core of this equipment, enabling precise control of the formwork elevation. Visual adjustment spacer 3-3 is provided with a scale that satisfies Equation 3, visually displaying the height change with each adjustment. Polytetrafluoroethylene plate 3-2 reduces frictional resistance during adjustment. Its thickness, T, satisfies Equation 4, ensuring it can withstand horizontal displacement without damage. Adjustment nut 3-4 and safety nut 3-5, in conjunction with visual adjustment spacer 3-3, enable precise control of the formwork elevation.

[0142] In summary, the present invention's equipment utilizes a suspended counter-support system 1 to provide reliable formwork support, a preloading system 2 to compensate for formwork deformation, and a fine-tuning system 3 to precisely adjust elevation. These three coordinated systems form a highly integrated interior enclosure support system. This design not only effectively controls formwork elevation accuracy, meeting the requirements of modern construction projects, but also significantly simplifies the construction process.

[0143] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision internal enclosure suspension type counter-support template equipment, characterized in that , including: a suspension counter-support system, a preloading system and a fine-tuning system; the suspension counter-support system consists of a hanger, a pad, a double-channel steel, an I-beam, a nut, a steel beam hanging under the grid and a template; the hanger passes through the pad and is connected to the steel beam hanging under the grid, the lower end of the hanger passes through the double-channel steel and is fixed by a nut, an I-beam is arranged under the double-channel steel, and a template is installed at the lower end of the I-beam; the preloading system consists of a nut, a hanger, a lifting ring, a lifting rope, a weight and a pad; the hanger of the preloading system is fixed to the double-channel steel of the suspension counter-support system through a pad and a nut, a lifting ring is welded at the lower end of the hanger, and the lifting ring is connected to the weight through a lifting rope; the fine-tuning system consists of a hanger, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate, a visual adjustment gasket, an adjustment nut and a safety nut; the hanger of the fine-tuning system passes through the visual adjustment gasket, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate is arranged under the visual adjustment gasket, and the adjustment nut and the safety nut are installed at the upper end of the hanger.

2. The high-precision internal enclosure panel suspension type counter-support formwork equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The template elevation adjustment amount and the support system deformation amount satisfy the following relationship: Δh=k1ΔL+k2ΔF+k3ΔT+ε; In the formula, Δh is the template elevation adjustment amount, in mm; ΔL is the deformation of the support system rod, in mm; ΔF is the deformation caused by load, in mm; ΔT is the deformation caused by temperature, in mm; k1, k2, k3 are influence coefficients; ε is the error term, and the value range is ±0.5mm.

3. The high-precision internal enclosure panel suspension type counter-support template equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that The suspension rods of the suspension counter-support system are made of Q345B steel, the surface of the suspension rods is treated with anti-corrosion, and the spacing between the suspension rods satisfies the following relationship: Where S is the spacing between the suspenders, in mm; E is the elastic modulus of the material, in MPa; I is the moment of inertia of the section, in mm 4 ; q is the uniformly distributed load, unit is N / mm; σ is the actual stress, unit is MPa; [σ] is the allowable stress, unit is MPa.

4. The high-precision internal enclosure panel suspension type counter-support template equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that The preloading system adopts a detachable connection structure, the heavy object adopts a container filled with fluid, and the weight of the heavy object satisfies the following relationship: W = ρV(1+αΔt)(1+βh); Where W is the weight of the object, in N; ρ is the density of the fluid, in kg / m 3 ; V is the volume of the container, in m 3 ; α is the temperature influence coefficient, ranging from 0.001 to 0.003; Δt is the temperature change value, in °C; β is the height influence coefficient, ranging from 0.0001 to 0.0003; h is the construction height, in m.

5. The high-precision internal enclosure panel suspension type counter-support template equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that , the scale of the gasket in the fine-tuning system satisfies the following relationship: δ = P / (n·θ); Where δ is the height represented by each scale, in mm; P is the pitch, in mm; n is the number of scales per circle; θ is the rotation angle, in degrees.

6. The high-precision internal enclosure panel suspension type counter-support template equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that , the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate satisfies the following relationship: Where, T is the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene sheet, in mm; f s is the safety factor, with a value range of 1.2-1.5; d is the horizontal displacement, in mm; E is the elastic modulus, in MPa; [σ] is the allowable stress, in MPa.

7. The high-precision internal enclosure panel suspension type counter-support template equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that The double channel steel adopts national standard No. 10 channel steel, the surface of the channel steel is treated with rust prevention, and the channel steel is fixedly connected to the I-beam by high-strength bolts.

8. The high-precision internal enclosure panel suspension type counter-support template equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that The I-beam is made of antiseptic pine wood, the width of the I-beam is 150 mm, the height is 200 mm, and the I-beam is fixedly connected to the template by self-tapping screws.

9. The high-precision internal enclosure panel suspension type counter-support template equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that The template is made of laminated plywood with a thickness of 18 mm. The template surface is coated with a release agent and the templates are connected by tongue and groove. The lifting ring of the preloading system is forged from No. 45 steel, the inner wall of the lifting ring is polished, and the lifting ring and the suspension rod are fully welded.

10. The high-precision internal enclosure panel suspension type counter-support template equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that The visual adjustment gasket is made of high-strength aluminum alloy material, and scale lines and digital logos are engraved on the surface of the gasket. The center hole diameter of the gasket matches the outer diameter of the boom.

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