Hardwood cutting breeding method of actinidia kolomikta and zizyphus jujuba

Abstract

The application provides a hard branch cutting breeding method of Actinidia kolomikta and Zizyphus jujuba, relates to the technical field of asexual reproduction and seedling raising, and comprises the following steps: (1) collecting 1-2 year old branches and pruning branch tips; (2) cutting into 10cm cuttings with more than two bud points, with the upper end of the cutting being inclined and the lower end being horizontal, and soaking the cutting in carbendazim for sterilization treatment; (3) selecting grass charcoal mixed with perlite as a cutting substrate, disinfecting the substrate after being loaded into a plug tray; (4) preparing a rooting agent, treating the cutting of step (2), inserting the cutting into the substrate of the plug tray, fixing the cutting, pouring carbendazim through the substrate, and covering the cutting with a transparent cover; (5) placing the cutting under the condition of 70% shading, increasing 20% illumination after new leaves are unfolded, controlling the temperature to be 10-30 DEG C, timely watering the cutting after cutting, combining with carbendazim sterilization, gradually opening the transparent cover after 40d of cutting, watering according to the situation, and spraying foliar fertilizer every 10d; and (6) transplanting and planting the cutting after 60d of cutting. The application has the beneficial effects of simplifying the hard branch cutting steps of Actinidia kolomikta and Zizyphus jujuba and shortening the cutting breeding period.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application provides a hard-branch cutting breeding method of Actinidia polygama, and relates to the technical field of asexual reproduction. BACKGROUND

[0002] Actinidia polygama, also known as Actinidia polygama, is a rare plant in Shandong Province. Actinidia polygama has high medicinal value, and domestic and foreign scholars have carried out many studies on its medicinal ingredients. It can be used to make health drinks and cosmetics. It has strong stress resistance, good waterlogging resistance, and can be used as an Actinidia rootstock, and has good application prospects.

[0003] At present, there is little research data on the breeding of Actinidia polygama. Seedling cultivation, tissue culture propagation and cutting breeding are mainly used. Seedling cultivation requires high maintenance conditions because the seeds are small (thousand seed weight is only 1.3 g), and the seeds need to be treated at low temperature for 40-50 days before sowing, the seedbed needs to be carefully prepared, and the seedlings need to be shaded and kept in high humidity during the seedling stage. Tissue culture propagation and cutting breeding are asexual reproduction techniques that can maintain the excellent characteristics of the mother plant. Li Guijun et al. and Liu Yongli et al. studied the tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Actinidia polygama. The excellent strain 'Zhe Actinidia 1' with good waterlogging resistance was propagated by tissue culture, but tissue culture propagation requires good experimental conditions and operation technology, and has high requirements for environmental facilities and personnel.

[0004] Cutting breeding is widely used in plant production, and there is little published literature on the cutting breeding of Actinidia polygama. Among them, Li Hongli studied the results of hard-branch cutting breeding technology, and the results showed that the best rooting effect was obtained by using fine river sand as the cutting substrate and soaking the base of the cutting branch in 200 mg / L ABT for 30 min. The adventitious roots began to grow after 57 days, and the rooting rate was more than 90%. However, due to the long rooting time, the transplanted seedlings were basically not mature in the same year, the buds were not full, and the survival rate of the second year was very low. Mu Yusen et al. used 1 / 2 perlite + 1 / 2 fine river sand as the substrate, soaked the cutting branch in 100 mg / L ABT rooting powder solution for 24 h or in 500 mg / L ABT solution for 3 h, and sprayed every 10-15 min for 2 weeks at the initial stage of cutting under full light and mist conditions. When the temperature rises and the buds are unfolded, spray every 5-7 min for 3 weeks. The survival rate of cutting was more than 80.1%. This technology requires the installation of full light and mist equipment and a timing device, and the rooting time is not mentioned in the literature. Song Guiquan used tender branches as materials, river sand as substrate, and 4000-5000 mg / kg indole butyric acid solution for 5 minutes. The roots can grow in about 1 month. The cutting method described in the literature is general, and the survival rate is not mentioned. SUMMARY

[0005] The application provides a hard branch cutting breeding method for Actinidia kolomikta, and solves the technical problems of long rooting time, long breeding cycle and complicated cutting breeding steps in the prior art.

[0006] The application is implemented by comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) collecting 1-2 year old branches, and pruning branch tips;

[0008] (2) cutting into cuttings with a length of 10 cm and more than two bud points, the upper end of the cutting being flat and the lower end being inclined, and the cutting being soaked in a sterilization liquid for sterilization;

[0009] (3) selecting grass charcoal mixed with perlite as a cutting substrate, and sterilizing the substrate after being loaded into a hole plate;

[0010] (4) inserting the cutting in step (2) into the substrate in step (3) after the cutting is soaked in a rooting agent, fixing the cutting, pouring sterilization liquid through the cutting, covering a transparent cover, and completing cutting; the transparent cover can play a role in heat preservation and moisture retention.

[0011] (5) placing the cutting under a 70% shading condition, increasing 20% illumination after new leaves are unfolded, controlling the temperature to be 10-30 DEG C, timely supplementing water after cutting, combining sterilization with sterilization liquid, gradually opening the transparent cover after the cutting for 40 days, watering according to the situation, and spraying foliar fertilizer every 10 days;

[0012] (6) transplanting and planting after the cutting for 60 days.

[0013] As further optimization, the mass ratio of the grass charcoal and the perlite is 4:1.

[0014] As further optimization, the rooting agent comprises 700 mg / L IBA+300 mg / L NAA.

[0015] As further optimization, the method for soaking the rooting agent is to soak the base 3 cm of the cutting for 3 min.

[0016] As further optimization, water is supplemented once every 5 days after cutting, and sterilization liquid is sprayed every 15 days.

[0017] As further optimization, the sterilization liquid is 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times liquid.

[0018] As further optimization, the foliar fertilizer used in step (5) is a 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate / urea solution.

[0019] The application has the advantages of combining the characteristics of the geda jujube kiwi cutting, selecting the composite rooting agent, limiting the cutting substrate, simplifying the cutting steps, shortening the rooting time of the cuttings, thereby shortening the breeding cycle. The cutting rooting time is short, the cuttings start to root after 25 days of cutting, and the rooting efficiency is more than 95%. The breeding cycle is short, and the cuttings can be transplanted into the nursery after 60 days of cutting, and can be out of the nursery in the same year. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is the cutting effect diagram of the cuttings of example 1;

[0021] Figure 2 is the effect diagram of the hole tray covered with a transparent cover after cutting of example 1;

[0022] Figure 3 is the rooting condition diagram of example 1 at 25d of cutting;

[0023] Figure 4 is the survival condition diagram of the cuttings of example 1 after 60d of cutting;

[0024] Figure 5 is the root diagram of the cuttings of example 1 after 60d of cutting;

[0025] Figure 6 is the root system diagram of the cuttings of example 1 after 60d of cutting;

[0026] Figure 7 is the root system diagram of the cuttings of example 1 after 60d of cutting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The geda jujube kiwi hardwood cutting breeding method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0030] 1. Selection and pretreatment of the cuttings

[0031] In Jinan, Shandong, at the beginning of bud sprouting of geda jujube kiwi in late March, select the mother plants with excellent growth, collect 1-2 year old healthy branches, and cut off the branches with a diameter of less than 0.2 cm.

[0032] 2. Cutting and disinfection

[0033] The pretreated branches were cut into 10 cm long cuttings with 2 or more bud points, the upper end of the cutting was cut flat, and the lower end was cut into a horseshoe-shaped bevel. When 50 cuttings were cut, they were bundled and soaked in a 1000 times solution of carbendazim (50% wettable powder) for 5 minutes for disinfection.

[0034] 3Cutting substrate and rooting agent preparation

[0035] Grass charcoal: perlite = 4:1 was selected as the cutting substrate, and after being placed in the hole plate, it was disinfected with a 1000 times solution of carbendazim (50% wettable powder); a complex hormone solution of 700 mg / L IBA + 300 mg / L NAA was prepared as a rooting agent, and the rooting agent solution was stored at 5°C in the dark after preparation for standby use.

[0036] 4Cutting

[0037] The cuttings treated in step 2 were soaked in the rooting agent solution, with a soaking depth of 3 cm at the base of the cutting. After 3 minutes of treatment, they were removed, and then a 4 cm deep and 0.5 cm diameter cutting hole was punched in the middle of each cutting position in the hole plate. See Figure 1 The treated cuttings were placed in the hole, the cuttings were fixed, and then they were poured with a 1000 times solution of carbendazim (50% wettable powder). See Figure 2 A transparent cover was added for temperature and humidity control, and one transparent cover was added for each hole plate.

[0038] 5Post-cutting management

[0039] After cutting, the cutting plate was placed in a 70% shading condition, and the light was increased by 20% after the new leaves unfolded. During the cutting period, the night temperature was not lower than 10°C, and the daytime temperature was not higher than 30°C, and the substrate water content was appropriate at 60%. Every 5 days, the cover was opened to investigate the rooting situation and supplement water once, and every 15 days, combined with water supplement, carbendazim (50% wettable powder) 1000 times liquid was used for sterilization. See Figure 3 When the cuttings were cut for 25 days, the cuttings had already rooted. After 40 days of cutting, the transparent cover was gradually opened to completely remove it. After removing the transparent cover, water was poured every 2-3 days according to the dry and wet degree, and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate / urea solution was sprayed alternately every 10 days for foliar fertilization. See Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 After 60 days of cutting, the height of the seedlings, the length of the roots, the type and number of roots, the rooting rate, and other indicators were investigated, and the data are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1: Cutting and rooting of Gudazao kiwifruit

[0041]

[0042] As shown in Table 1, the cuttings began to root after 25 days, with an average seedling height of 46.56 cm and root length of 9.19 cm. The rooting type was a mixed type of callus rooting and bark rooting, and the final rooting rate was 95%.

[0043] 6Transplanting out of the nursery

[0044] After 60 days of cutting, the root system developed well, and the cuttings could be transplanted into 20-30 cm pots for cultivation of large-scale seedlings, or transplanted to the resource land for planting in the rainy season, with a planting density of 200-400 plants per mu. The survival rate of the transplanted seedlings in the pots was more than 99%, and the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings in the field was more than 90%.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] Comparative Example 1 differed from Example 1 in that the cutting substrate used in step 3 was river sand, and the other operations were the same. After 60 days of cutting, the seedling height, root length, rooting type and quantity, and rooting rate were investigated, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0047] Table 2 Rooting of Geda Kiwi cuttings in Comparative Example 1

[0048]

[0049] As shown in Table 2, the cuttings began to root after 25 days, with an average seedling height of 19.02 cm and root length of 9.95 cm. The rooting type was a mixed type of callus rooting and bark rooting, and the final rooting rate was 90%. Compared with Example 1, the rooting rate of Comparative Example 1 was acceptable, but the growth of the seedlings was significantly poorer.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] Comparative Example 2 differed from Example 1 in that the hormone used in step 3 was replaced with water, and the other operations were the same. After 60 days of cutting, the seedling height, root length, rooting type and quantity, and rooting rate were investigated, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0052] Table 3 Rooting of Geda Kiwi cuttings in Comparative Example 2

[0053]

[0054] As shown in Table 3, the cuttings began to root after 30 days, with an average seedling height of 22.23 cm and root length of 9.38 cm. The rooting type was a mixed type of callus rooting and bark rooting, and the final rooting rate was 79.2%. Compared with Example 1, the growth of the cuttings and the rooting rate were both poorer in Comparative Example 2.

[0055] The application has the advantages of combining with the characteristics of gedaotai cutting, selecting the composite rooting agent, limiting the cutting substrate, simplifying the cutting steps, shortening the rooting time of the cutting shoots, thereby shortening the breeding cycle. The rooting time of the cutting is short, the cutting shoots start to root after 25 days, and the rooting efficiency is more than 95%. The breeding cycle is short, and the cutting shoots can be transplanted into the nursery after 60 days, and can be out of the nursery in the same year.

[0056] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for hard-wood cutting propagation of Actinidia kolomikta, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: (1) Collect 1-2 year old branches, trim the branch tips; (2) Cut into 10 cm long cuttings with more than 2 bud points, the upper end of the cutting is flat and the lower end is inclined, and the cutting is sterilized by soaking in a sterilization solution; (3) Select grass charcoal mixed with perlite as the cutting substrate, sterilize after loading into the hole tray, and the mass ratio of grass charcoal and perlite is 4:1; (4) After soaking the cutting in step (2) in a rooting agent, insert it into the substrate in step (3), fix it, and then pour sterilization solution, cover it with a transparent cover, complete the cutting, and the rooting agent comprises 700 mg / L IBA+300 mg / L NAA; (5) After cutting, place it under 70% shading conditions, increase the light by 20% after the new leaves appear, and control the temperature at 10-30℃, Water in time after cutting, and combine sterilization with sterilization solution, gradually open the transparent cover after 40 days of cutting, water as needed, and spray foliar fertilizer every 10 days; (6) After 60 days of cutting, transplant and plant.

2. The hardwood cutting propagation method of Actinidia arguta × A. arguta 'Kouzuki' according to claim 1, characterized by, The method of soaking the rooting agent is to soak the base 3 cm of the cutting for 3 minutes.

3. The hardwood cutting propagation method of Actinidia arguta × A. arguta 'Hort16A' according to claim 1, characterized by, After cutting, supplement water once every 5 days, and combine water with sterilization solution every 15 days.

4. The method for hard wood cuttage of Actinidia kolomikta according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sterilization solution is 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times liquid.

5. The method for hard wood cuttage of Actinidia kolomikta according to claim 1, wherein, The foliar fertilizer used in step (5) is a 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate / urea solution.

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