Laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser medical instruments, in particular to a laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with an imaging function, which comprises an optical fiber catheter assembly and a light splitting imaging assembly, the optical fiber catheter assembly comprises a sleeve, a guide wire guiding tube and an optical fiber bundle arranged in the sleeve, and an optical fiber coupler and an annular imaging lens are arranged at the two ends of the sleeve respectively; the tail end of the optical fiber bundle is coupled with the annular imaging lens, and the head end is connected with the optical fiber coupler; the light splitting imaging assembly comprises a light splitter and an imaging processing device, and the light splitter is located between the imaging processing device and the optical fiber coupler. The annular imaging lens is arranged at the tail end of the optical fiber catheter assembly, the spectroscopic imaging assembly is combined, vascular lesion tissue imaging is reduced, vascular lesion tissue can be observed in real time, the optical fiber bundle transmits ablation laser and pixel optical signals at the same time, extra pixel optical fibers are not added, the optical fiber catheter assembly can be made to be of a thin specification, and the optical fiber catheter assembly is convenient to use. And the application range is wider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser medical equipment, and in particular to a laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function. Background Art

[0002] As the average human life expectancy increases, vascular diseases are increasingly becoming an important cause of threat to human life and health. The occurrence of vascular diseases is closely related to the obstruction of blood transport in blood vessels. A large part of the obstruction of vascular transport is caused by the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. If the plaques rupture, they will further induce thrombosis and block the blood vessels. Therefore, the treatment of vascular diseased tissues is of great significance to human health. At present, there are radiofrequency, microwave, mechanical excision, laser and other methods for the ablation of vascular diseased tissue plaques. Among them, laser ablation is to insert a fiber optic ablation catheter into the blood vessel and introduce ultraviolet laser to perform cold ablation on the diseased tissue. This method has great advantages in terms of minimally invasive, safety and adaptability. However, the laser fiber ablation catheters currently used in laser ablation systems are not ideal in many aspects. General fiber optic catheters lack visualization function, and the large laser divergence angle at the fiber end also poses a risk of damaging the blood vessel wall. The design of patent CN112842525 A combines vascular endoscopy technology with laser ablation technology to improve treatment accuracy under visual conditions, but the additional pixel optical fiber makes it difficult to reduce the catheter diameter and the surgical adaptability is limited. Patent CN112842522A combines intravascular optical coherence tomography with laser ablation catheters to scan and image vascular lesions before ablation, but imaging and ablation are performed in two stages. On the one hand, real-time observation cannot be achieved, and on the other hand, the diameter is difficult to reduce and the adaptability is limited. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser ablation fiber optic catheter system with imaging function, which not only has a simple structure, but also the fiber optic catheter component can be made into a thinner specification, and can observe vascular diseased tissue in real time, thereby improving the laser ablation treatment effect on vascular diseased tissue.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is a laser ablation fiber optic catheter system with imaging function, including a fiber optic catheter assembly and a spectroscopic imaging assembly; the fiber optic catheter assembly includes a sleeve, a guide wire guide tube and an optical fiber bundle arranged in the sleeve, and a fiber optic coupler and an annular imaging lens are respectively arranged at both ends of the sleeve; the tail end of the optical fiber bundle is coupled with the annular imaging lens, and the head end is connected to the optical fiber coupler; the spectroscopic imaging assembly includes a spectrometer and an imaging processing device for providing the light source required for imaging and receiving and processing the imaging light signal transmitted back by the optical fiber bundle; the spectrometer is located between the imaging processing device and the optical fiber coupler, and is used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser device into the optical fiber bundle and transmit the imaging light signal transmitted back by the optical fiber bundle to the imaging processing device.

[0005] As one of the implementation modes, one end of the guide wire guide tube extends into the hollow portion of the annular imaging lens, and the other end extends to the outer side surface of the sleeve.

[0006] As one of the implementation modes, a recessed groove is provided on the outer side surface of the sleeve, and the other end of the guide wire guide tube extends into the recessed groove.

[0007] As one of the implementation modes, micro protrusions are provided on the surface of the recessed groove.

[0008] As one of the implementation modes, the end of the optical fiber bundle coupled to the annular imaging lens is in a ring structure, and the end of the optical fiber bundle connected to the optical fiber coupler is in a square structure or a circular structure.

[0009] As one of the implementation modes, a physiological saline injection tube is further provided in the sleeve, one end of the physiological saline injection tube is close to the guide wire guide tube, and the other end extends into the optical fiber coupler.

[0010] As one of the implementation modes, the guide wire guide tube is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes at a position close to the tail end of the optical fiber bundle.

[0011] As one of the implementation modes, a stainless steel ring is sleeved on the outer side of one end of the sleeve close to the annular imaging lens.

[0012] As one of the implementation modes, the annular imaging lens is a plano-convex quartz annular lens.

[0013] As one of the implementation modes, the beam splitting surface of the beam splitter is coated with a film layer which fully reflects 308nm and 355nm ultraviolet lasers and increases the transmittance of other wavelength bands.

[0014] Working principle of the present invention:

[0015] The laser emitted by the laser device is reflected and coupled into the optical fiber bundle through the beam splitter and emitted from the tail end of the optical fiber bundle. It is then focused by the annular imaging lens to form an annular light beam, which is used to perform ablation treatment on vascular diseased tissue. During the ablation treatment, the light source generated by the imaging processing device is transmitted to the tail end of the optical fiber bundle through the optical fiber bundle to achieve illumination. The vascular diseased tissue structure is imaged at the tail end of the optical fiber bundle through the annular imaging lens. The pixel light signal is transmitted back along the optical fiber bundle and is received by the imaging processing device through the beam splitter. The image of the vascular diseased tissue is restored by processing the pixel light signal, thereby achieving low-pixel imaging of the diseased tissue.

[0016] During laser ablation, saline is injected through the saline injection port according to imaging needs. The saline enters the area near the end of the cannula through the saline injection tube, then enters the guide wire guide tube through the water outlet hole on the guide wire guide tube through the gap between the optical fibers, and finally is ejected from the gap between the guide wire and the guide wire guide tube, displacing the blood that affects the field of view and enabling observation of vascular diseased tissue.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The present invention provides an annular imaging lens at the rear end of the optical fiber catheter assembly, combined with a spectroscopic imaging assembly, to restore the imaging of vascular lesion tissue, thereby enabling real-time observation of vascular lesion tissue, greatly improving the convenience and accuracy of ablating vascular lesion tissue using a laser ablation catheter, and the optical fiber bundle transmits ablation laser and pixel light signals simultaneously without adding additional pixel optical fibers, so that the optical fiber catheter assembly can be made into a thinner specification and has a wider range of applications;

[0019] (2) The annular imaging lens of the present invention images the laser emitted from the tail end of the annular optical fiber bundle into an annular spot, which converges the divergent laser beam, enhances the energy density of the ablation zone, improves the ablation efficiency, and reduces the risk of the divergent laser damaging the blood vessel wall;

[0020] (3) A recessed groove is provided on the outer side of the cannula of the present invention, so that the guide wire can be better integrated with the cannula, and at the same time, the curvature of the guide wire entering the center of the optical fiber catheter from the side is reduced, so that the optical fiber catheter assembly can pass through the blood vessel more easily. In addition, the micro-protrusions provided on the surface of the recessed groove avoid the sticking of the guide wire and the cannula, which is convenient for surgical application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical fiber catheter assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber conduit assembly at a recessed groove provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the tail end of an optical fiber conduit assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 101, optical fiber coupler; 102, sleeve; 103, saline injection tube; 104, water outlet; 105, annular imaging lens; 106, stainless steel ring; 107, guide wire guide tube; 108, optical fiber bundle; 109, saline injection port; 201, spectrometer; 202, imaging processing equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, this embodiment provides a laser ablation fiber optic catheter system with imaging function, including a fiber optic catheter assembly and a spectroscopic imaging assembly; the fiber optic catheter assembly includes a sleeve 102, a guide wire guide tube 107 and a fiber optic bundle 108 arranged in the sleeve 102, and the two ends of the sleeve 102 are respectively provided with a fiber optic coupler 101 and an annular imaging lens 105; the tail end of the fiber optic bundle 108 is coupled with the annular imaging lens 105, and the head end is connected with the fiber optic coupler 101; the spectroscopic imaging assembly includes a spectrometer 201 and an imaging processing device 202 for providing the light source required for imaging and receiving and processing the imaging light signal transmitted back by the fiber optic bundle 108; the spectrometer 201 is located between the imaging processing device 202 and the fiber optic coupler 101, and is used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser device into the fiber optic bundle 108 and transmit the imaging light signal transmitted back by the fiber optic bundle 108 to the imaging processing device 202.

[0031] In this embodiment, an annular imaging lens 105 is arranged at the rear end of the optical fiber catheter assembly, and combined with a spectroscopic imaging assembly, the imaging of vascular diseased tissue is restored. Although the annular imaging lens 105 causes partial loss of the imaging light signal and the pixel of the energy laser fiber bundle 108 is not high, this low-pixel imaging greatly improves the convenience and accuracy of ablation of vascular diseased tissue by using a laser ablation catheter. In addition, the optical fiber bundle 108 transmits ablation laser and pixel light signals simultaneously without adding additional pixel optical fibers, so that the optical fiber catheter assembly can be made into a thinner specification and has a wider range of applications.

[0032] In this embodiment, the sleeve 102 is a hollow flexible sleeve 102, made of a soft, non-biotoxic polymer material, and has a diameter of 1.4 mm. The optical fiber bundle 108 is composed of 110 thin-walled cladding quartz optical fibers with a core diameter of 50 μm, which are used to conduct ablation laser and pixel light. The annular imaging lens 105 is bonded to one end of the optical fiber bundle 108 by optical transparent glue to form an integral whole, so as to achieve imaging during the ablation of vascular lesion tissue.

[0033] In this embodiment, one end of the guide wire guide tube 107 extends into the hollow portion of the annular imaging lens 105, and the other end extends to the outer side surface of the sleeve 102, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the optical fiber catheter assembly.

[0034] In some embodiments, a recessed groove is provided on the outer surface of the sleeve 102, and the other end of the guide wire guide tube 107 extends into the recessed groove. Figure 3As shown, the outer surface of the sleeve 102 is inwardly recessed to form a recessed groove extending along the length direction of the sleeve 102, and the recessed groove is preferably a semicircular recessed groove. The recessed groove serves as a guide wire sliding space and is connected to the end of the guide wire guide tube 107, so that the guide wire guide tube 107 can enter the center of the sleeve 102 tangentially from the end of the recessed groove. The guide wire smoothly enters the guide wire guide tube 107 through the recessed groove, and when the guide wire and the sleeve 102 enter the blood vessel together, the guide wire can slide along the recessed groove.

[0035] The above embodiment is optimized, and the surface of the recessed groove is provided with micro protrusions. By providing micro protrusions on the surface of the recessed groove, it is possible to avoid the generation of sliding and sticking forces between the guide wire and the sleeve 102, so that the guide wire can be better integrated with the sleeve 102, making it easier for the optical fiber catheter assembly to pass through the blood vessel, and facilitating surgical use. Preferably, the height of the micro protrusion is 0.1 mm.

[0036] Furthermore, the tail end of the optical fiber bundle 108 is in a ring structure, and the head end of the optical fiber bundle 108 is in a square structure or a circular structure. In this embodiment, the ring structure formed by the tail end of the optical fiber bundle 108 matches the annular imaging lens 105. The annular imaging lens 105 images the laser emitted from the tail end of the annular structure of the optical fiber bundle 108 into an annular light spot, which has a gathering effect on the divergent laser beam, enhances the energy density of the ablation zone, improves the ablation efficiency, and reduces the risk of divergent laser damaging the blood vessel wall; the guide wire guide tube 107 passes through the center of the annular structure formed by the tail end of the optical fiber bundle 108 and extends into the hollow part of the annular imaging lens 105, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown; the head end of the optical fiber bundle 108 forms a closely packed square or circular structure in the optical fiber coupler 101 to accommodate different laser coupling spots.

[0037] In some embodiments, a saline injection tube 103 is further provided in the sleeve 102, one end of the saline injection tube 103 is close to the guide wire guide tube 107, and the other end extends into the optical fiber coupler 101. Figure 2 As shown, one end of the physiological saline injection tube 103 close to the guide wire guide tube 107 extends to below the connection between the recessed groove and the guide wire guide tube 107, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the optical fiber catheter assembly.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a physiological saline injection port 109 is provided on the side of the optical fiber coupler 101. The physiological saline injection port 109 is connected to the physiological saline injection tube 103, and physiological saline can be injected into the physiological saline injection tube 103 through the physiological saline injection port 109, and the physiological saline enters the sleeve 102 through the end of the physiological saline injection tube 103 near the guide wire guide tube 107.

[0039] In this embodiment, the guide wire guide tube 107 is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes 104 near the tail end of the optical fiber bundle 108. The physiological saline entering the cannula 102 reaches the water outlet holes 104 through the gap of the optical fiber bundle 108, enters the guide wire guide tube 107 from the water outlet holes 104, and finally sprays out from the guide wire guide tube 107, thereby removing the blood that affects the field of view. As an embodiment, six water outlet holes 104 are arranged at intervals near the tail end of the optical fiber bundle 108 of the guide wire guide tube 107, and the diameter of the water outlet holes 104 is 0.2 mm.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, a stainless steel collar 106 is sleeved on the outer side of one end of the sleeve 102 close to the annular imaging lens 105. The stainless steel collar 106 is nested and connected with the sleeve 102 and is used as a guide mark. As an embodiment, the outer diameter of the stainless steel collar 106 is 1.4 mm.

[0041] Preferably, the annular imaging lens 105 is a plano-convex quartz annular lens, the plane of which is tightly coupled with the tail end of the optical fiber bundle 108. As an implementation, the outer diameter of the plano-convex quartz annular lens is 1.2 mm, and the focal length is 1.5 mm.

[0042] In some embodiments, the beam splitting surface of the beam splitter 201 is coated with a film layer that fully reflects 308nm and 355nm ultraviolet lasers and increases transmittance of other wavelengths. The ultraviolet laser of a specific wavelength emitted by the laser device is divided into multiple beams by the beam splitter 201 and all reflected into the optical fiber bundle 108. The pixel light transmitted back by the optical fiber bundle 108 is transmitted through the beam splitter 201 to the imaging processing device 202 for processing, thereby achieving the sharing of the ablation laser and the pixel signal light conducted by the optical fiber bundle 108.

[0043] The process of laser ablation of vascular lesions using the laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function of this embodiment is as follows:

[0044] The 308nm or 355nm ultraviolet laser emitted by the laser device is reflected and coupled into the optical fiber bundle 108 through the beam splitter 201, and is emitted from the tail end of the optical fiber bundle 108 through the optical fiber transmission, and then is focused by the annular imaging lens 105 to form a high-energy density annular spot array within 2mm behind the annular imaging lens 105, which is used for high-efficiency ablation treatment of vascular diseased tissues;

[0045] At the same time, the imaging processing device 202 emits white light or red light and transmits it through the optical fiber to the tail end of the optical fiber bundle 108 to achieve illumination. The vascular diseased tissue structure is imaged at the tail end of the optical fiber bundle 108 through the annular imaging lens 105. The pixel light signal is transmitted back along the optical fiber bundle 108 and is received by the imaging processing device 202 through the spectrometer 201. The pixel light signal is processed to restore the image of the vascular diseased tissue, thereby achieving low-pixel imaging of the diseased tissue without adding additional pixel optical fibers.

[0046] During the laser ablation process, saline is injected through the saline injection port 109 according to imaging needs, and the saline is injected into the area near the end of the cannula 102 through the saline injection tube 103. Then, the saline enters the guide wire guide tube 107 through the water outlet 104 on the guide wire guide tube 107 through the optical fiber gap, and finally is ejected from the guide wire guide tube 107 to displace the blood that affects the field of view, thereby realizing the observation of vascular diseased tissue, thereby achieving laser ablation of diseased tissue under imaging visual conditions, which has the advantages of accuracy, safety, and efficiency.

[0047] During the laser ablation process, the guide wire passes through the guide wire guide tube 107 to guide the path of the optical fiber catheter assembly. The recessed groove arranged on the outer side of the sleeve 102 allows the guide wire and the optical fiber catheter assembly to be integrated into one, making it easier to perform the ablation operation.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function, characterized in that: It comprises an optical fiber catheter component and a spectroscopic imaging component; the optical fiber catheter component comprises a sleeve, a guide wire guide tube and an optical fiber bundle arranged in the sleeve, and an optical fiber coupler and an annular imaging lens are respectively arranged at two ends of the sleeve; the tail end of the optical fiber bundle is coupled with the annular imaging lens, and the head end is connected with the optical fiber coupler; the spectroscopic imaging component comprises a spectrometer and an imaging processing device for providing the light source required for imaging and receiving and processing the imaging light signal transmitted back by the optical fiber bundle; the spectrometer is located between the imaging processing device and the optical fiber coupler, and is used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser device into the optical fiber bundle and transmit the imaging light signal transmitted back by the optical fiber bundle to the imaging processing device.

2. The laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the guide wire guiding tube extends into the hollow portion of the annular imaging lens, and the other end extends to the outer side surface of the sleeve.

3. The laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A recessed groove is arranged on the outer side surface of the sleeve, and the other end of the guide wire guiding tube extends into the recessed groove.

4. The laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the concave groove is provided with micro protrusions.

5. The laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the optical fiber bundle coupled to the annular imaging lens is in a ring structure, and one end of the optical fiber bundle connected to the optical fiber coupler is in a square structure or a circular structure.

6. The laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A physiological saline injection tube is also provided in the sleeve, one end of which is close to the guide wire guide tube, and the other end of which extends into the optical fiber coupler.

7. The laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The guide wire guide tube is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes at a position close to the tail end of the optical fiber bundle.

8. The laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A stainless steel ring is sleeved on the outer side of one end of the sleeve close to the annular imaging lens.

9. The laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The annular imaging lens is a plano-convex quartz annular lens.

10. The laser ablation optical fiber catheter system with imaging function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The beam splitting surface of the beam splitter is coated with a film layer which fully reflects 308nm and 355nm ultraviolet lasers and increases the transmittance of other wavelength bands.

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