High-temperature underglaze color porcelain and its firing process

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of ceramic manufacturing, in particular to a high-temperature underglaze color porcelain and a firing process thereof, comprising a body, the body is sequentially covered with a transparent glaze layer, a texture layer and a velvet texture layer from top to bottom, the raw material of the transparent glaze layer is transparent glaze, the raw material of the texture layer is color agent and crystalline color agent, and the raw material of the velvet texture layer is velvet glaze. After the velvet texture layer is fired, cracks similar to pigeon velvet are formed, the transparency of the transparent glaze is high, the flowability is good, the fineness of the velvet glaze slip is smaller than that of the transparent glaze, and the high-temperature viscosity is larger than that of the transparent glaze, so that when the velvet texture layer is cracked during high-temperature firing, the glaze surface flows to fill the cracks, thereby forming a unique decoration style of underglaze cracks, and the color agent and the crystalline color agent form underglaze color texture and crystalline texture in the middle, which is unique and beautiful.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ceramic manufacturing, in particular to high-temperature underglaze color porcelain and a firing process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Underglaze color, also known as kiln color, is a kind of glaze decoration of porcelain. Underglaze color is a main decoration method of ceramic ware, which uses colorant to draw various patterns on a shaped and dried blank, and then covers it with white transparent glaze or other light-colored glaze for one-time firing. The pattern after firing is covered by a layer of transparent glaze film underneath, and the surface is smooth and soft, smooth and not protruding, and appears crystal clear. The appearance of underglaze color porcelain dates back to the Three Kingdoms period of the Han Dynasty, but at that time, only simple decoration of porcelain with bright pigments was used. The existing underglaze color is simply drawn patterns on the body by colorant, and the color and form are single. In view of this, the present application is produced. SUMMARY

[0003] An object of the present application is to solve at least the above problems by high-temperature underglaze color porcelain and a firing process thereof.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: high-temperature underglaze color porcelain, comprising a body, the body is sequentially covered from top to bottom with a transparent glaze layer, a pattern layer and a velvet pattern layer, the raw material of the transparent glaze layer is transparent glaze, the raw material of the pattern layer is color colorant and crystalline colorant, and the raw material of the velvet pattern layer is velvet glaze.

[0005] Preferably, the raw material of the transparent glaze includes the following components by weight: glass powder 35-40 parts, quartz 20-30 parts, sodium feldspar 35-40 parts, potassium feldspar 12-15 parts, calcium carbonate 20-25 parts, Inner Mongolia soil 10-12 parts, white talc 5-8 parts, zinc oxide 2-4 parts, and lithium carbonate 5-8 parts.

[0006] Preferably, the raw material of the color colorant includes the following components by weight: raw powder 28-33 parts, orange colorant 25-30 parts, red colorant 2-5 parts, New Zealand kaolin powder 28-33 parts, American adhesive powder 0.2-0.5 parts, and water 50-60 parts.

[0007] Preferably, the raw material of the color colorant includes the following components by weight: iron red powder 5-8 parts, manganese dioxide 2-5 parts, aluminum oxide 6-8 parts, zinc oxide 5-7 parts, magnesium oxide 4-6 parts, silica 10-12 parts, feldspar 12-14 parts, mica 6-8 parts, glass powder 10-12 parts, and silicon nitride 2-4 parts.

[0008] Preferably, the raw materials of the crystalline color agent include the following components by weight: calcium carbonate 10-12 parts, dolomite 15-16 parts, limestone 15-20 parts, Xingzi feldspar 8-10 parts, glass powder 10-12 parts, magnesite 10-12 parts, quartz 15-20 parts, iron red powder 5-8 parts.

[0009] Preferably, the raw materials of the crystalline color agent include the following components by weight: calcium carbonate 10-12 parts, dolomite 15-16 parts, limestone 15-20 parts, Xingzi feldspar 8-10 parts, glass powder 10-12 parts, magnesite 10-12 parts, quartz 15-20 parts, iron red powder 5-8 parts.

[0010] Preferably, the raw materials of the crystalline color agent include the following components by weight: calcium carbonate 10-12 parts, dolomite 15-16 parts, limestone 15-20 parts, Xingzi feldspar 8-10 parts, glass powder 10-12 parts, magnesite 10-12 parts, quartz 15-20 parts, iron red powder 5-8 parts.

[0011] The firing process of high-temperature underglaze color porcelain includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) Raw material preparation: high-quality ceramic raw materials are selected and treated by crushing and sieving for standby;

[0013] (2) Forming treatment: the prepared raw materials are subjected to forming treatment according to design requirements to obtain the desired shape of porcelain;

[0014] (3) Body bisque firing: the body is put into the kiln for bisque firing;

[0015] (4) Apply the suede glaze on the bisque-fired body and dry;

[0016] (5) Draw underglaze color lines and crystalline lines on the suede glaze using color agents and crystalline color agents respectively, and apply transparent glaze after drying;

[0017] (6) High-temperature firing: the dried porcelain is put into a high-temperature kiln for firing to obtain the finished product.

[0018] Preferably, in step (3), the body bisque firing curve is: from room temperature to 300°C for 150 min; from 300°C to 550°C for 90 min; from 550°C to 800°C for 150 min; keep at 800°C for 60 min, and finally cool naturally.

[0019] Preferably, in the step (5), the high-temperature firing curve is as follows: taking 120 min to raise the temperature from room temperature to 550 DEG C; taking 120 min to raise the temperature from 550 DEG C to 1000 DEG C; keeping the temperature at 1000 DEG C for 60 min; taking 150 min to raise the temperature from 1000 DEG C to 1270 DEG C; taking 90 min to raise the temperature from 1270 DEG C to 1330 DEG C; keeping the temperature at 1330 DEG C for 60 min; taking 30 min to lower the temperature from 1330 DEG C to 1310 DEG C; taking 30 min to lower the temperature from 1310 DEG C to 1270 DEG C; and finally, naturally cooling.

[0020] As can be seen from the above description, the high-temperature underglaze color porcelain and the firing process thereof have the following beneficial effects: the crack similar to pigeon's down is formed after the burnout of the down layer, the transparency of the transparent glaze is high, the flowability is good, the slip fineness of the down glaze is finer than that of the transparent glaze, and the high-temperature viscosity is greater than that of the transparent glaze, so that the glaze flows to fill the cracks after the cracks are formed in the down layer during high-temperature firing, thereby forming a unique decorative style of underglaze cracks, and the color colorant and the crystalline colorant form underglaze color lines and crystalline lines, which are unique and beautiful. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The application will be further described in the following specific embodiments.

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the application easy to understand, the application will be further described in the following specific embodiments.

[0023] The high-temperature underglaze color porcelain comprises a body, which is covered with a transparent glaze layer, a line layer and a down layer from top to bottom, the raw material of the transparent glaze layer is transparent glaze, the raw material of the line layer is color colorant and crystalline colorant, and the raw material of the down layer is down glaze. The crack similar to pigeon's down is formed after the burnout of the down layer, the transparency of the transparent glaze is high, the flowability is good, the glaze thickness of the down layer is 2-3 times greater than that of the surface glaze, the slip fineness of the down glaze is finer than that of the transparent glaze, and the high-temperature viscosity is greater than that of the transparent glaze, so that the glaze flows to fill the cracks after the cracks are formed in the down layer during high-temperature firing, thereby forming a unique decorative style of underglaze cracks, and the color colorant and the crystalline colorant form underglaze color lines and crystalline lines, which are unique and beautiful.

[0024] The raw material of the transparent glaze includes the following components by weight: glass powder 35-40 parts, quartz 20-30 parts, sodium feldspar 35-40 parts, potassium feldspar 12-15 parts, calcium carbonate 20-25 parts, Inner Mongolia clay 10-12 parts, white talc 5-8 parts, zinc oxide 2-4 parts, lithium carbonate 5-8 parts. The transparent glaze has good transparency and high fluidity. The transparent glaze has high feldspar and calcium carbonate content, so it has good fluidity. During the firing process, the cracks in the velvet layer are filled quickly by the transparent glaze, making the glaze surface smooth and bright, and the inside of the glaze has cracks that appear and disappear, with a unique pigeon flower net crack inside the glaze.

[0025] The raw material of the color colorant includes the following components by weight: raw powder 28-33 parts, orange colorant 25-30 parts, red colorant 2-5 parts, New Zealand kaolin powder 28-33 parts, American adhesive powder 0.2-0.5 parts, and water 50-60 parts. The color colorant is used as the pigment of the texture layer, and forms the underglaze color texture after high-temperature firing. It has bright colors, is not easy to fade, and has strong wear resistance.

[0026] The raw material of the color colorant includes the following components by weight: iron red powder 5-8 parts, manganese dioxide 2-5 parts, aluminum oxide 6-8 parts, zinc oxide 5-7 parts, magnesium oxide 4-6 parts, silica 10-12 parts, feldspar 12-14 parts, mica 6-8 parts, glass powder 10-12 parts, and silicon nitride 2-4 parts. The raw powder is used to adjust the color and increase the stability of the color. The iron red powder can make the color of the colorant more vibrant, and the silicate contained therein can make the colorant more stable and beautiful, so as to obtain an underglaze color texture with stable color. Manganese dioxide can reduce the firing temperature of the colorant, and other components in the raw powder can improve the heat resistance of the colorant, thereby improving its stability.

[0027] The raw material of the crystal colorant includes the following components by weight: calcium carbonate 10-12 parts, dolomite 15-16 parts, limestone 15-20 parts, Xingzi feldspar 8-10 parts, glass powder 10-12 parts, magnesite 10-12 parts, quartz 15-20 parts, and iron red powder 5-8 parts. During the firing process, the crystal colorant penetrates into the cracks produced in the velvet layer, and magnesium is precipitated as forsterite, so that the area coated with the crystal colorant has yellow crystal flowers in the cracks, thereby producing cracks with a yellow sparkling effect, which is different from ordinary cracks and has a unique artistic beauty.

[0028] The raw material of the velvet layer includes the following components by weight: glass powder 35-40 parts, quartz 20-30 parts, sodium feldspar 35-40 parts, potassium feldspar 12-15 parts, vermiculite 10-15 parts, grapestone 12-15 parts, zeolite 12-15 parts, and pectolite 12-15 parts. The vermiculite expands in volume when sintered at high temperature, and the grapestone foams at high temperature, which makes the velvet layer form a pattern similar to the plumage of a pigeon. The velvet layer forms a light green or milky white base color after sintering.

[0029] The raw material of the body includes the following components by weight: plastic clay 30-35 parts, hard clay 10-20 parts, quartz 20-30 parts, feldspar 20-35 parts, and white sandstone 10-15 parts.

[0030] The firing process of high-temperature underglaze color porcelain includes the following steps:

[0031] (1) Raw material preparation: high-quality ceramic raw materials are selected, crushed, and sieved for standby use;

[0032] (2) Shaping treatment: the prepared raw materials are shaped according to design requirements to obtain the desired shape of the porcelain;

[0033] (3) Body bisque firing: the body is put into a kiln for bisque firing;

[0034] (4) Apply velvet glaze on the bisque-fired body and dry;

[0035] (5) Draw underglaze color patterns and crystalline patterns on the velvet glaze using color agents and crystalline color agents respectively, and apply transparent glaze after drying;

[0036] (6) High-temperature firing: place the dried porcelain in a high-temperature kiln for firing to obtain the finished product.

[0037] In step (3), the body bisque firing curve is: from room temperature to 300℃, it takes 150 minutes; from 300℃ to 550℃, it takes 90 minutes; from 550℃ to 800℃, it takes 150 minutes; keep at 800℃ for 60 minutes, and finally cool naturally.

[0038] In step (5), the high-temperature firing curve is: from room temperature to 550 DEG C, the time consumption is 120 min; from 550 DEG C to 1000 DEG C, the time consumption is 120 min; at 1000 DEG C, the time consumption is 60 min; from 1000 DEG C to 1270 DEG C, the time consumption is 150 min; from 1270 DEG C to 1330 DEG C, the time consumption is 90 min; at 1330 DEG C, the time consumption is 60 min; from 1330 DEG C to 1310 DEG C, the time consumption is 30 min; from 1310 DEG C to 1270 DEG C, the time consumption is 30 min, and finally natural cooling. The underglaze color after high-temperature firing is stable, bright and not easy to fade, and yellow crystals penetrate in the local cracks, which has unique beauty.

[0039] The above merely describes several specific embodiments of the present application, but the design concept of the present application is not limited thereto, and any non-essential modification of the present application by using the concept shall belong to the act of infringing the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The firing process of high-temperature underglaze porcelain, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Raw material preparation: Select high-quality ceramic raw materials, and use them after crushing and screening; (2) Shaping process: The prepared raw materials are shaped according to the design requirements to obtain the desired porcelain shape; (3) Bismuth firing of the green body: The green body is placed in the kiln for bismuth firing; (4) Apply a velvety glaze to the bisque-fired body and let it dry; (5) Apply colored pigments and crystallizing pigments to the velvet glaze to draw underglaze colored patterns and crystallized patterns respectively, and apply transparent glaze after drying; (6) High-temperature firing: The dried porcelain is placed in a high-temperature kiln for firing to obtain the finished product; During high-temperature firing, the firing curves are as follows: 120 minutes to heat from room temperature to 550℃; 120 minutes to heat from 550℃ to 1000℃; 60 minutes to hold at 1000℃; 150 minutes to heat from 1000℃ to 1270℃; 90 minutes to heat from 1270℃ to 1330℃; 60 minutes to hold at 1330℃; 30 minutes to cool from 1330℃ to 1310℃; 30 minutes to cool from 1310℃ to 1270℃; and finally, natural cooling. High-temperature underglaze porcelain includes a body, which is covered from top to bottom with a transparent glaze layer, a texture layer and a velvet layer. The transparent glaze layer is made of transparent glaze, the texture layer is made of colored pigments and crystallizing pigments, and the velvet layer is made of velvet glaze.

2. The firing process of high-temperature underglaze porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the transparent glaze include the following components by weight: 35-40 parts glass powder, 20-30 parts quartz, 35-40 parts sodium feldspar, 12-15 parts potassium feldspar, 20-25 parts calcium carbonate powder, 10-12 parts Inner Mongolian clay, 5-8 parts white talc, 2-4 parts zinc oxide, and 5-8 parts lithium carbonate.

3. The firing process of high-temperature underglaze porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the colorant include the following components by weight: 28-33 parts of raw starch, 25-30 parts of orange pigment, 2-5 parts of red pigment, 28-33 parts of New Zealand kaolin powder, 0.2-0.5 parts of American adhesive powder, and 50-60 parts of water.

4. The firing process of high-temperature underglaze porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the colorant include the following components by weight: 5-8 parts iron oxide red powder, 2-5 parts manganese dioxide, 6-8 parts aluminum oxide, 5-7 parts zinc oxide, 4-6 parts magnesium oxide, 10-12 parts silica, 12-14 parts feldspar, 6-8 parts mica, 10-12 parts glass powder, and 2-4 parts silicon nitride.

5. The firing process of high-temperature underglaze porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials of the crystallizing colorant include the following components by weight: 10-12 parts calcium carbonate, 15-16 parts dolomite, 15-20 parts limestone, 8-10 parts asteroides, 10-12 parts glass powder, 10-12 parts magnesite, 15-20 parts quartz, and 5-8 parts iron oxide red powder.

6. The firing process of high-temperature underglaze porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials for the textured layer include the following components by weight: 35-40 parts glass powder, 20-30 parts quartz, 35-40 parts sodium feldspar, 12-15 parts potassium feldspar, 10-15 parts vermiculite, 12-15 parts prehnite, 12-15 parts zeolite, and 12-15 parts calcium silicate.

7. The firing process of high-temperature underglaze porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials for the blank include the following components by weight: 30-35 parts of plastic clay, 10-20 parts of hard clay, 20-30 parts of quartz, 20-35 parts of feldspar, and 10-15 parts of white sandstone.

8. The firing process of high-temperature underglaze porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the bisque firing of the green body, the bisque firing curve is as follows: it takes 150 minutes to heat from room temperature to 300℃; it takes 90 minutes to heat from 300℃ to 550℃; it takes 150 minutes to heat from 550℃ to 800℃; it is held at 800℃ for 60 minutes, and finally cooled naturally.