Laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch with non-uniform gaps

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage high-power pulse power switches, and particularly relates to a laser trigger gap series multi-gap vacuum switch with non-uniform gaps. The switch comprises a laser trigger gap, a self-breakdown gap and a laser trigger system; the end part of the cathode conducting rod of the laser trigger gap is of a screw rod structure, the end part of the anode conducting rod of the multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap is of a nut structure, and the two gaps are connected by adopting a modular thread structure; according to the invention, a laser trigger vacuum gap and multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap series connection technology is adopted, and the gap lengths of the self-breakdown gaps are increased stage by stage, so that the conduction time of the first stages of self-breakdown gaps is effectively shortened, and the conduction performance of the switch is improved; high-voltage non-inductive resistors (coupling resistors) are connected to the two ends of each gap in parallel to regulate and control voltage division between self-breakdown gaps, so that the higher the stage number is, the larger the voltage division of the vacuum gaps is, the shorter the breakdown time is, and the conduction of the front vacuum switch is further accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage and high-power pulse power switches, and in particular relates to a multi-gap vacuum switch with a laser-triggered gap in series and a non-uniform gap. Background Art

[0002] Pulse power technology is one of the main basic disciplines of contemporary science and technology. It studies the electrophysical technology of storing low-power electrical energy, compressing it quickly, converting it, and finally releasing it effectively to the load in a very short time. The development of pulse power technology is of great significance to my country's high-tech scientific and technological research and national defense research. As one of the key components of pulse power devices, switches not only play the role of isolating charging circuits and discharging circuits, but also play the role of transforming pulse waveforms and steepening waveforms. The performance of switches directly determines the safety of electrical equipment, the quality of transmitted power, reliability and other key technical indicators. With the rapid development of pulse power technology, pulse power devices are increasingly widely used in integrated circuits, environmental engineering, medical and other fields. These applications have put forward higher requirements on switch performance: mainly high voltage resistance, short trigger delay, miniaturization, high repetition frequency and long life.

[0003] There are many types of switching devices in pulse power technology. According to the switch function, they can be divided into two categories: closing switches and breaking switches. This article mainly studies closing switches. According to the type of insulating medium, closing switches can be divided into gas switches, solid switches, liquid switches and plasma switches. As a type of gas switch, the vacuum switch uses a vacuum medium in the main gap. It has the characteristics of large current carrying capacity, high insulation and high arc extinguishing level. These advantages make vacuum switches widely used in large pulse power devices. According to the different triggering methods of the switch, it can be divided into electric pulse trigger switches and laser pulse trigger switches. The electric trigger switch uses an external trigger power supply to power the trigger circuit, and the trigger circuit discharges to generate an initial plasma to turn on the switch. Electric trigger switches can be divided into field breakdown electric trigger vacuum switches and surface flashover electric trigger vacuum switches. Field breakdown electric trigger vacuum switches require higher trigger voltages, and have larger trigger delays and delay jitters. Although surface flashover electric trigger vacuum switches do not require very high trigger voltages, the metal vapor generated during the discharge process will be deposited on the surface of the surface material after cooling. These deposits will cause the trigger voltage to drop, so the life of this type of switch is short. Laser Triggered Vacuum Switch (LTVS) combines the advantages of vacuum switch technology and pulse laser technology. It not only obtains the good control accuracy and stability of laser trigger control, but also avoids the problems of severe electrode ablation, poor working stability, extended trigger time, high trigger threshold, etc. of gas switches. The switch device has good conduction characteristics.

[0004] Due to the saturation effect between the vacuum gap breakdown voltage and the electrode spacing, it is difficult to improve the withstand voltage level of LTVS. At present, existing research at home and abroad generally adopts the method of connecting multiple vacuum gaps in series to solve this problem, and most of the research is to improve the withstand voltage by connecting a laser triggered gap and a multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap in series. The working process is that the pulsed laser irradiates the target to generate the initial plasma, and the voltage of the first-stage laser triggered gap begins to decrease. Subsequently, the laser triggered gap voltage will be superimposed on the subsequent cascade gap in the form of impulse voltage. Therefore, in the process of the subsequent cascade gap being turned on step by step, it will bear two parts of voltage - the gap DC working voltage and the steep impulse voltage. Under the joint action of these two parts of working voltage, the series vacuum gap breaks down step by step, and finally the switch is closed. Under this switch structure, the breakdown process of each gap is related to the interaction between the gaps. The later the gap breakdown order, the steeper the superimposed impulse voltage and the shorter the breakdown delay. However, due to the small superimposed impulse voltage and long breakdown delay of the first few vacuum gaps, the turn-on delay of the entire switch is long. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably design the switch structure and pay attention to the coordination between the gaps to effectively shorten the turn-on delay of the switch. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a multi-gap vacuum switch for a pulse power system with a non-uniform laser-triggered gap and multiple gaps in series, wherein the gap length from the first gap to the last gap is designed to increase step by step according to a certain ratio, so that the breakdown voltage of the vacuum gaps at the front of the series is smaller, thereby solving the problem of the long breakdown time of the first few gaps of the laser-triggered multi-stage vacuum switch. On the basis of improving the withstand voltage level, the switch reduces the conduction delay and jitter of the entire switch, so that the laser-triggered vacuum switch obtains better conduction characteristics; by reasonably designing the structure of each gap electrode and utilizing the interaction between the magnetic fields of each gap, the repetitive breaking capacity of the switch can be improved; by connecting high-voltage non-inductive resistors in parallel at both ends of each gap, the voltage division relationship between the gaps can be adjusted, so that the vacuum gaps at the front of the series have a larger voltage division, thereby accelerating the breakdown time of the gap and shortening the conduction delay of the entire switch.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A non-uniform gap laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch, comprising a laser-triggered gap, a self-breakdown gap and a laser trigger system;

[0008] The cathode conductive rod end of the laser trigger gap is a screw structure, the anode conductive rod end of the multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap is a nut structure, and the two gaps are connected by a modular threaded structure;

[0009] The laser trigger gap comprises an anode conductive rod with a light-through hole, an upper end cover, an upper insulating shell, a lower end cover, a cathode conductive rod, an anode with a light-through hole, a cathode with a groove, a shielding cover, a target material and a light-through lens;

[0010] The light-transmitting lens should be selected according to the laser wavelength, and together with the anode conductive rod with a light-transmitting hole, the upper end cover, the upper insulating shell, the lower end cover, and the cathode conductive rod, form a vacuum cavity with a certain vacuum degree;

[0011] The laser trigger gap shield cover is fixed in the upper insulating shell, and is used to optimize the electric field distribution in the laser trigger vacuum gap and suppress the arc splashing; the axes of the light-transmitting lens, the anode conductive rod with a light-transmitting hole, the anode with a light-transmitting hole, the cathode with a groove, and the cathode conductive rod are located on the same straight line; the target material is placed in the cathode groove, and the surface of the target material is slightly lower than the surface of the cathode with the groove;

[0012] The multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap comprises an anode conductive rod, an upper end cover, a lower insulating shell, a lower end cover, a cathode conductive rod, a shielding cover, a supporting insulator and an annular self-breakdown electrode;

[0013] The multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap is composed of an anode conductive rod, an upper end cover, a lower insulating shell, a lower end cover, and a cathode conductive rod to form a vacuum cavity with a certain vacuum degree;

[0014] The multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap shield is fixed on the lower insulating shell to optimize the electric field distribution in the multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap and suppress the arc splashing; the axes of the anode conductive rod, the anode, the supporting insulator, the annular self-breakdown electrode, the cathode and the cathode conductive rod are located on the same straight line;

[0015] The plurality of annular self-breakdown electrodes and supporting insulators connected in series are fixed inside the shielding cover;

[0016] The support insulator is a columnar object with an umbrella skirt, a cylindrical protrusion on the top and a cylindrical groove on the bottom. The topmost support insulator is connected with the anode conductive rod. The length of the support insulator increases step by step from the first stage to the last stage according to a certain ratio. The support insulators cooperate with each other to sandwich multiple annular self-breakdown electrode inner rings in the middle.

[0017] The bottom surface of the multi-stage self-breakdown cathode conductive rod has a protrusion that matches the supporting insulator, the upper end protrusion is connected to the groove at the bottom of the supporting insulator through the last stage of the annular self-breakdown electrode, and the lower end passes through the self-breakdown lower end cover for sealing and fixing;

[0018] The series-connected annular self-breakdown electrodes include a combination of one or more structures of a flat plate type, a longitudinal magnetic type, and a transverse magnetic type;

[0019] The diameter of the middle hollow circle of the annular self-breakdown electrode is equal to the diameter of the raised cylinder on the upper part of the support insulator. The thickness of the inner ring sheet of the electrode is smaller than that of the outer ring and is integrally connected with the outer ring. The outer ring part is the main discharge electrode. After the series gap is turned on, the current flows through the outer ring part. Changing the structure of the outer ring part can change the size and direction of the magnetic field in the gap when the current is flowing. The inner ring of the first-stage annular self-breakdown electrode is clamped between the high-voltage conductive rod and the support insulator, and in this way, a multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap is formed in series;

[0020] The laser trigger system includes a transmission optical fiber, a laser, a trigger controller, and a focusing lens;

[0021] Before receiving the trigger signal, each gap of the non-uniform laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch bears the static working voltage according to the voltage division relationship. When the trigger signal is issued, a laser pulse is generated. After the laser pulse is focused by the focusing lens, the pulse laser passes through the light-transmitting lens to bombard the target material to generate an initial plasma. The laser-triggered gap is turned on under the action of the static working voltage and the initial plasma. After the laser-triggered gap is triggered, since the switch is not turned on at this time, the voltage it bears statically will be superimposed on the cascade gap in the form of a steep impulse voltage. Since the length of the first few self-breakdown gaps is short, under the joint action of the gap DC working voltage and the steep impulse voltage, the first few self-breakdown gaps are turned on first, and the series vacuum short gaps are broken down step by step, and finally the switch is closed.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The present invention adopts laser-triggered vacuum gap and multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap series connection technology, and the switch can be applied to high-voltage level and high-power pulse power system; the length of each gap of the self-breakdown gap is designed to increase step by step, which can effectively shorten the conduction time of the first few stages of self-breakdown gaps and improve the conduction performance of the switch; by connecting high-voltage non-inductive resistors (coupling resistors) in parallel at both ends of each gap to control the voltage division between the self-breakdown gaps, the vacuum gap with a closer stage has a larger voltage division and a shorter breakdown time, which further accelerates the conduction of the first few stages of self-breakdown gaps and enables the switch to obtain a better conduction delay; by changing the combination mode of the self-breakdown annular electrodes and utilizing the mutual cooperation of the magnetic field generated between the electrodes, the repetitive frequency breaking capability of the switch can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 1. It is a schematic diagram of a multi-gap vacuum switch structure with a laser-triggered gap in series and a non-uniform gap;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-gap vacuum switch with a laser-triggered gap in series and a non-uniform gap;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the laser trigger system;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the coupling resistance of each gap.

[0028] In the figure: 1 an anode conductive rod with a light-through hole; 2 an upper end cover; 3 an upper insulating shell; 4 a lower end cover; 5 a cathode conductive rod; 6 an anode with a light-through hole; 7 a cathode with a groove; 8 a target material; 9 a shielding cover; 10 a light-through lens; 11 an anode conductive rod; 12 an upper end cover; 13 a lower insulating shell; 14 a lower end cover; 15 a cathode conductive rod; 16 an annular self-breakdown electrode; 18 a supporting insulator; 18 a shielding cover; 19 a signal transmission optical fiber; 20 a laser; 21 a trigger controller; 22 a focusing lens; 23 a coupling resistor; 24 a coupling resistor; 25 a coupling resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the technical scheme and the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 4 , a gap non-uniform laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch, including a laser-triggered vacuum gap, a self-breakdown gap and a laser triggering system;

[0032] Before the multi-gap laser-triggered vacuum switch is triggered, the static working voltage of the pulse power system is mainly borne by the laser-triggered vacuum gap and the multi-stage self-breakdown gap. The static working voltage is obtained from the system through coupling resistors 23, 24 and 25;

[0033] When the multi-gap vacuum switch connected in series with laser-triggered gaps with non-uniform gaps is not turned on, adjusting coupling resistors 23, 24, and 25 can change the voltage division ratio between the gaps, improve the internal voltage distribution of the multi-gap laser-triggered vacuum switch, speed up the conduction of the first few self-breakdown gaps, and enable the switch to obtain a better conduction delay;

[0034] When the trigger controller 21 obtains the trigger instruction, the trigger signal is transmitted to the laser 20 through the signal transmission optical fiber 19. After the laser outputs the laser pulse, the pulse laser is focused by the focusing lens 22, and then passes through the light-transmitting lens 10 to irradiate the surface of the target material 8, generating an initial plasma. The laser trigger gap is turned on under the action of the static working voltage and the initial plasma. After the laser trigger gap is turned on, the static voltage it bears before the conduction will be superimposed on the subsequent multi-stage self-breakdown gap in the form of an impulse voltage. Under the joint action of the static working voltage and the superimposed impulse voltage, the outer ring part of the annular self-breakdown electrode 16 breaks down step by step, completing the conduction of the multi-gap vacuum switch. During the switch conduction process, under the action of the annular self-breakdown electrode 16 with different structures, magnetic fields of different directions are formed in the vacuum gaps of each level and produce a synergistic effect. By using the mutual cooperation of the magnetic fields of each gap, the diffusion movement and cooling process of the arc in the gap can be accelerated, and the rapid conduction of the multi-gap laser-triggered vacuum switch can be achieved.

[0035] Embodiment 2:

[0036] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 4 , a gap non-uniform laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch, comprising a laser-triggered vacuum gap, a self-breakdown gap and a laser triggering system;

[0037] The end of the cathode conductive rod 5 of the laser trigger gap is a screw structure, and the end of the anode conductive rod 11 of the multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap is a nut structure, and the two gaps are connected by a modular threaded structure;

[0038] The laser trigger gap comprises an anode conductive rod 1 with a light-through hole, an upper end cover 2, an upper insulating shell 3, a lower end cover 4, a cathode conductive rod 5, an anode 6 with a light-through hole, a cathode 7 with a groove, a shielding cover 9, a target material 8 and a light-through lens 10;

[0039] The light-transmitting lens should be selected according to the laser wavelength, and together with the anode conductive rod 1 with a light-transmitting hole, the upper end cover 2, the upper insulating shell 3, the lower end cover 4, and the cathode conductive rod 5, form a vacuum cavity with a certain vacuum degree;

[0040] Inside the laser triggered vacuum gap, a shielding cover 9 is fixed on the upper insulating shell 3 to optimize the electric field distribution in the laser triggered vacuum gap and suppress the arc splashing; the axes of the light-transmitting lens 10, the anode conductive rod 1 with a light-transmitting hole, the anode 6 with a light-transmitting hole, the cathode 7 with a groove and the cathode conductive rod 5 are located on the same straight line; the target material 8 is placed in the cathode groove 7, and the surface of the target material 8 is slightly lower than the surface of the cathode 7 with a groove;

[0041] The multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap comprises an anode conductive rod 11, an upper end cover 12, a lower insulating shell 13, a lower end cover 14, a cathode conductive rod 15, a shielding cover 18, a support insulator 17 and an annular self-breakdown electrode 16;

[0042] The multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap is composed of an anode conductive rod 11, an upper end cover 12, a lower insulating shell 13, a lower end cover 14, and a cathode conductive rod 15 to form a vacuum cavity with a certain vacuum degree;

[0043] The multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap shield 18 is fixed on the lower insulating shell 13 to optimize the electric field distribution in the multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap and suppress the arc splashing; the axes of the anode conductive rod 11, the supporting insulator 17, the annular self-breakdown electrode 16 and the cathode conductive rod 15 are located on the same straight line;

[0044] The plurality of annular self-breakdown electrodes 16 and supporting insulators 17 connected in series are fixed inside the shielding cover 18;

[0045] The support insulator 17 is a columnar object with an umbrella skirt, a cylindrical protrusion on the top and a cylindrical groove on the bottom. The topmost support insulator is connected with the anode conductive rod. The length of the support insulator increases step by step from the first stage to the last stage according to a certain ratio. The support insulators cooperate with each other to sandwich the inner rings of multiple annular self-breakdown electrodes 16 in the middle.

[0046] The bottom surface of the multi-stage self-breakdown cathode conductive rod 15 has a protrusion that matches the support insulator 17, and the upper end protrusion is connected to the groove at the bottom of the support insulator 17 through the last stage of the annular self-breakdown electrode 16, and the lower end passes through the self-breakdown lower end cover 14 for sealing and fixing;

[0047] The series-connected annular self-breakdown electrodes 16 include a combination of one or more structures of a flat plate type, a longitudinal magnetic type, and a transverse magnetic type;

[0048] The diameter of the middle hollow circle of the annular self-breakdown electrode 16 is equal to the diameter of the raised cylinder on the upper part of the support insulator 17. The thickness of the inner ring sheet of the electrode is smaller than that of the outer ring and is integrally connected with it. The outer ring part is the main discharge electrode. After the series gap is turned on, the current flows through the outer ring part. Changing the structure of the outer ring part can change the size and direction of the magnetic field in the gap when the current is flowing. The inner ring of the first-stage annular self-breakdown electrode 16 is clamped between the anode conductive rod 11 and the support insulator 17. In this way, a multi-stage self-breakdown vacuum gap is formed in series;

[0049] The laser trigger system includes a transmission optical fiber 19, a laser 20, a trigger controller 21, and a focusing lens 22;

[0050] Before receiving the trigger signal, each gap of the non-uniform laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch bears the static working voltage according to the voltage division relationship. When the trigger signal is issued, a laser pulse is generated. After the laser pulse is focused by the focusing lens 22, the pulse laser passes through the light-transmitting lens 10 to bombard the target material 8 to generate an initial plasma. The laser-triggered gap is turned on under the action of the static working voltage and the initial plasma. After the laser-triggered gap is triggered, since the switch is not turned on at this time, the voltage it bears statically will be superimposed on the cascade gap in the form of a steep impulse voltage. Since the length of the first few self-breakdown gaps is short, under the joint action of the gap DC working voltage and the steep impulse voltage, the first few self-breakdown gaps are turned on first, and the series vacuum short gaps are broken down step by step, and finally the switch is closed.

Claims

1. A non-uniform gap laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch, characterized in that: Including laser triggered gap, multi-stage self-breakdown gap and laser trigger system; The end of the cathode conductive rod (5) of the laser trigger gap is a screw structure, the end of the anode conductive rod (11) of the multi-stage self-breakdown gap is a nut structure, and the two gaps are connected by a modular threaded structure; The laser trigger gap comprises an anode conductive rod with a light-through hole (1), an upper end cover (2), an upper insulating shell (3), a lower end cover (4), a cathode conductive rod (5), an anode with a light-through hole (6), a cathode with a groove (7), a shielding cover (9), a target material (8) and a light-through lens (10); The multi-stage self-breakdown gap comprises an anode conductive rod (11), an upper end cover (12), a lower insulating shell (13), a lower end cover (14), a cathode conductive rod (15), a shielding cover (18), a supporting insulator (17) and an annular self-breakdown electrode (16); The multi-stage self-breakdown gap is composed of an anode conductive rod (11), an upper end cover (12), a lower insulating shell (13), a lower end cover (14), and a cathode conductive rod (15) to form a vacuum cavity with a vacuum degree; The shielding cover (18) of the multi-stage self-breakdown gap is fixed on the lower insulating shell (13); the axes of the anode conductive rod (11), the supporting insulator (17), the annular self-breakdown electrode (16) and the cathode conductive rod (15) are located on the same straight line; The plurality of annular self-breakdown electrodes (16) and supporting insulators (17) connected in series are fixed inside the shielding cover (18); The support insulator (17) is a columnar object with an umbrella skirt, a cylindrical protrusion on the top and a cylindrical groove on the bottom. The topmost support insulator is connected with the anode conductive rod. The length of the support insulator increases step by step from the first stage to the last stage according to a certain ratio. The support insulators cooperate with each other to sandwich the inner rings of multiple annular self-breakdown electrodes (16) in the middle. The bottom surface of the multi-stage self-breakdown cathode conductive rod (15) is provided with a protrusion matching the supporting insulator (17), the upper end protrusion is connected to the groove at the bottom of the supporting insulator (17) through the last stage annular self-breakdown electrode (16), and the lower end passes through the self-breakdown lower end cover (14) for sealing and fixing; The diameter of the middle hollow circle of the annular self-breakdown electrode (16) is equal to the diameter of the raised cylinder on the upper part of the supporting insulator (17). The thickness of the inner ring sheet of the electrode is smaller than that of the outer ring and is integrally connected with the inner ring. The outer ring part is the main discharge electrode. After the series gap is turned on, the current flows through the outer ring part. Changing the structure of the outer ring part can change the size and direction of the magnetic field in the gap when the current is flowing. The inner ring of the first-level annular self-breakdown electrode (16) is clamped between the anode conductive rod (11) and the supporting insulator (17), and the series connection forms a multi-level self-breakdown gap.

2. A non-uniform gap laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Inside the laser trigger gap, a shielding cover (9) is fixed on the upper insulating shell (3); the axes of the light-transmitting lens (10), the anode conductive rod with a light-transmitting hole (1), the anode with a light-transmitting hole (6), the cathode with a groove (7) and the cathode conductive rod (5) are located on the same straight line; the target material (8) is placed in the cathode groove 7, and the surface of the target material (8) is slightly lower than the surface of the cathode with a groove (7).

3. A non-uniform gap laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The light-transmitting lens (10), the anode conductive rod (1) with a light-transmitting hole, the upper end cover (2), the upper insulating shell (3), the lower end cover (4), and the cathode conductive rod (5) form a vacuum cavity with a certain vacuum degree.

4. A non-uniform gap laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The annular self-breakdown electrode (16) comprises a combination of one or more structures of a flat plate type, a longitudinal magnetic type and a transverse magnetic type.

5. The laser-triggered gap-series multi-gap vacuum switch with non-uniform gaps as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The annular self-breakdown electrode (16) comprises a combination of one or more structures of a flat plate type, a longitudinal magnetic type and a transverse magnetic type.

6. A non-uniform gap laser-triggered gap series multi-gap vacuum switch as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the middle hollow circle of the annular self-breakdown electrode (16) is equal to the diameter of the raised cylinder on the upper part of the supporting insulator (17). The thickness of the inner ring sheet of the electrode is smaller than that of the outer ring and is integrally connected with the inner ring. The outer ring part is the main discharge electrode. After the series gap is turned on, the current flows through the outer ring part. Changing the structure of the outer ring part can change the size and direction of the magnetic field in the gap when the current is flowing. The inner ring of the first-level annular self-breakdown electrode (16) is clamped between the anode conductive rod (11) and the supporting insulator (17), and the series connection forms a multi-level self-breakdown gap.

7. The laser-triggered gap-series multi-gap vacuum switch with non-uniform gaps as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The length of each gap of the multi-stage self-breakdown gap is designed to increase step by step.

8. The laser-triggered gap-series multi-gap vacuum switch with non-uniform gaps as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser-triggered gap-series multi-gap vacuum switch obtains a static working voltage from the system through coupling resistors (23), (24) and (25), changes the voltage division ratio between the gaps, and improves the internal voltage distribution of the multi-gap laser-triggered vacuum switch.

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