Follow-up type device and method for measuring reciprocating grinding force of outer circle of superhard grinding wheel

Abstract

The invention discloses a follow-up type superhard grinding wheel outer circle reciprocating grinding force measuring device and method, relates to the technical field of grinding machining, and solves the problem that grinding force follow-up measurement in a reciprocating grinding mode cannot be achieved in grinding force measurement in the prior art. The device comprises a driving tool, wherein the driving tool is used for clamping one end of a workpiece and driving the workpiece to rotate; a Z-axis moving assembly is fixedly arranged on the driving tool, a moving supporting table is arranged at the moving end of the Z-axis moving assembly, and the Z-axis moving assembly can drive the moving supporting table to move in the axial direction of the workpiece. A tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and a normal telescopic measuring mechanism which are perpendicular to each other are arranged on the movable supporting table, and the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism can be in contact with the outer wall of the workpiece on the same normal plane perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece to measure force; the driving tool is adjustably provided with a Z-axis force measurement supporting tip, and the Z-axis force measurement supporting tip can be matched with the other end of the workpiece. Grinding force measurement in the reciprocating grinding machining process is achieved, and the grinding process can be monitored timely and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grinding processing, in particular to a follow-up type super-hard grinding wheel outer circle reciprocating grinding force measuring device and method. Background Art

[0002] Grinding, as the last step in the mechanical processing of parts, plays a vital role in improving the accuracy, reliability and life of mechanical products. In the grinding process, the grinding force comes from the elastic deformation, plastic deformation, chip formation caused by the contact between the workpiece and the grinding wheel, and the friction between the abrasive and the binder and the workpiece surface. Grinding force is an important parameter that characterizes the dynamic changes of a grinding process. It is directly related to almost all grinding phenomena. It is an important cause of energy consumption and grinding heat generation in the grinding process, and plays a decisive role in the accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece. In addition, the grinding force also affects the electromechanical coupling characteristics of the grinding spindle system, the wear of the grinding wheel and the deformation of the process system, which ultimately affects the stability of the grinding system and the processing accuracy and surface quality of the parts.

[0003] Cylindrical reciprocating grinding is an important branch of many grinding methods. For example, the processing of long shaft parts is inseparable from cylindrical reciprocating grinding. In the process of cylindrical reciprocating grinding, the grinding force is mainly divided into three components: axial force, tangential force and normal force.

[0004] There are two main ways to measure the reciprocating grinding force of external cylindrical grinding: homemade strain gauge dynamometer and piezoelectric dynamometer. The former is to paste the strain gauge to the circumference of the tailstock top of the external cylindrical grinding equipment according to the Wheatstone bridge circuit. When the top is deformed by the grinding force, the strain gauge detects the deformation signal, and then outputs the strain, and then outputs the grinding force through calibration. The latter is to place the sensor based on the "piezoelectric effect" at the junction of the workpiece and the top, output the electrical signal through the piezoelectric effect, and then output the grinding force.

[0005] However, the above grinding force measurement method is only suitable for external cylindrical cut-in grinding, that is, the grinding wheel only feeds radially and does not reciprocate along the axial direction of the workpiece. In the process of external cylindrical reciprocating grinding, in addition to radial feeding, the grinding wheel also reciprocates along the axial direction of the workpiece. If the conventional force measuring system is fixed at the top of the tailstock, as the grinding wheel moves away from the top of the tailstock, deflection will occur under the action of the grinding force, which will cause distortion of the grinding force data. In addition, even if the distance of the grinding wheel away from the force measuring system is used to compensate for the deflection of the grinding force data, the compensation coefficient is difficult to determine due to the diversity of the material and size of the workpiece.

[0006] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN112605888A discloses a method for measuring the grinding force of the outer cylindrical grinding of a bearing ring. For the electromagnetic centerless fixture for grinding the bearing ring, force sensors are installed at the front and rear support points respectively. When the bearing ring is ground, the force sensor accurately measures the support force on the bearing ring. By measuring the support force of the bearing ring in two equilibrium states before contact with the grinding wheel and after contact grinding, the normal grinding force and tangential grinding force on the bearing ring during grinding are calculated. In this scheme, it is also only the cut-in grinding form of the outer circle, and does not meet the measurement requirements of the reciprocating grinding scenario. Therefore, it is urgent to invent a device and method that can accurately meet not only radial cut-in grinding, but also the grinding force measurement in the outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding scenario. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a follow-up superhard grinding wheel outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measurement device and method, which solves the problem that the grinding force measurement in the prior art cannot realize the follow-up measurement of the grinding force in the reciprocating grinding method.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: a follow-up superhard grinding wheel external cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device includes a driving tool, the driving tool is used to clamp one end of the workpiece and drive the workpiece to rotate; a Z-axis moving assembly is fixedly provided on the driving tool, and the moving end of the Z-axis moving assembly is provided with a moving support table, and the moving support table can be driven to move along the axial direction of the workpiece; a tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and a normal telescopic measuring mechanism perpendicular to each other are provided on the moving support table, and the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism can contact the outer wall of the workpiece on the same normal plane perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece for force measurement; a Z-axis force measuring support top is adjustable on the driving tool, and the Z-axis force measuring support top can cooperate with the other end of the workpiece.

[0009] Preferably, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism both include a linear drive unit fixed on a movable support platform, a driving end of the linear drive unit is connected to a transition sleeve, the transition sleeve is connected to a pressure sensor I, the pressure sensor I is connected to a rolling contact, and the linear drive unit can drive the rolling contact to make a linear motion close to or away from the side wall of the workpiece.

[0010] Preferably, an outer sleeve is provided outside the transition sleeve, the outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the movable support platform, and a limiting unit is provided between the outer sleeve and the transition sleeve or between the outer sleeve and the rolling contact, and the limiting unit is used to limit the linear motion range of the rolling contact.

[0011] Preferably, the limit unit includes a pair of supports arranged on the outer sleeve, the supports are used to fix the limit sensor, the outer sleeve is provided with a window to meet the arrangement of the limit sensor, and the transition sleeve or the side wall of the rolling contact is provided with a trigger block for triggering the limit sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the rolling contact comprises a retaining frame, the retaining frame is connected to the pressure sensor I, a rotating head is rotatably provided on the retaining frame; a limiting slide groove and a limiting slide rail are cooperated between the side wall of the retaining frame and the outer sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the driving tooling includes a base plate, on which a dovetail slide rail is provided, support seats are provided at both ends of the dovetail slide rail, and at least one support seat can slide along the dovetail slide rail; a driving motor I is fixedly provided on one of the support seats, and the driving motor I is coordinated with a fork rotating on the support seat through a transmission pair, and the fork is connected to a heart-shaped chuck, and the heart-shaped chuck is used to clamp the workpiece.

[0014] Preferably, the Z-axis moving assembly includes a drive motor II fixed on a base plate, the output end of the drive motor II is connected to a lead screw I, the lead screw I is in transmission cooperation with a lead screw nut fixed on a movable support platform, and the movable support platform is in sliding cooperation with a dovetail guide rail.

[0015] Preferably, the Z-axis force measurement support top includes a top, a front end of the top cooperates with the workpiece, a rear end of the top is connected to a pressure sensor II, and the pressure sensor II is connected to a support seat.

[0016] A method for measuring the reciprocating grinding force of an external cylindrical super-hard grinding wheel using a follow-up type, using a device as described in any one of the above items, comprising the following steps: Step 1: First, use the driving fixture to clamp the workpiece, and at the same time, match the Z-axis force measuring support top with the workpiece until the force signal of the Z-axis force measuring support top reaches the set value, and then match the grinding wheel of the grinding equipment with the workpiece.

[0017] Step 2: Control the Z-axis moving assembly to move the mobile support table to the middle position corresponding to the width of the grinding wheel, and then slightly adjust the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism to contact the workpiece, observe the output of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism, and stop adjusting until a trace force signal appears.

[0018] Step 3, setting the grinding parameters of the grinding equipment, and at the same time, zeroing the force measurement signals of the Z-axis force measuring support top, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism, and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism, and setting the control parameters of the Z-axis moving assembly, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism, and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism during the processing; Step 4: Start the grinding equipment to control the grinding wheel and start grinding the workpiece. Control the Z-axis moving assembly to drive the moving support table to move back and forth with the reciprocating grinding of the grinding wheel, and keep the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism at the middle position corresponding to the width of the grinding wheel for follow-up force measurement. The Z-axis force measuring support top, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism are subjected to the grinding forces in the corresponding directions, and the grinding forces in three directions can be output.

[0019] Preferably, when the control parameters are set in step 3, when the reciprocating speed of the grinding wheel is V w , the workpiece radius single stroke grinding depth is a p When the moving speed V of the mobile support platform is calculated according to formula A f , and according to the moving speed V f Set the Z-axis moving assembly; set the total movement L of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism according to formula B and formula C respectively. t , L n , so that the rolling contacts of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism are always in contact with the cylindrical surface of the workpiece to avoid the influence of the reduction of the workpiece diameter, where x is the number of reciprocating strokes.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1: By setting up the driving fixture, the corresponding components required for measurement can be provided with an installation support foundation; by setting up the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism, the grinding force of the workpiece in the normal direction and the tangential direction can be measured in real time. At the same time, the telescopic function of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism can be used to measure the grinding force during the plunge grinding process, and can adapt to the measurement needs of workpieces of different sizes, with a wider range of applications.

[0021] 2: By setting up a Z-axis moving assembly and a moving support table at its moving end, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism can be driven to move back and forth synchronously with the grinding wheel in a follow-up manner in a reciprocating grinding scenario, thereby realizing real-time, follow-up measurement.

[0022] 3: By setting up a Z-axis force measuring support center that matches the workpiece, the grinding force of the workpiece along the axial direction during the grinding process can be measured, and at the same time it can also provide a certain support for the end of the workpiece.

[0023] 4: It solves the problem that conventional strain gauges and piezoelectric dynamometers are difficult to accurately measure the grinding force during the external cylindrical reciprocating grinding process. It is conducive to an in-depth understanding of the force and deformation mechanism of the workpiece during the reciprocating grinding process, timely and accurately monitoring the grinding process, and providing data support for the adjustment of grinding parameters and the completion of high-precision and high-quality grinding.

[0024] 5: It is conducive to monitoring the wear state of the grinding wheel, supporting the failure analysis of the grinding wheel, and providing data support for improving the design of grinding wheel formula and manufacturing process. At the same time, it has the advantages of compact structure, high compatibility, good dynamic characteristics, high measurement accuracy and low manufacturing cost, and has great potential for promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooperation between the mobile support platform and the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rolling contact structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the outer sleeve structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting unit of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure sensor II of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of formula A of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of formula B of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of formula C of the present invention; In the figure: 1: driving fixture, 2: workpiece, 3: Z-axis moving assembly, 4: moving support table, 5: tangential telescopic measuring mechanism, 6: normal telescopic measuring mechanism, 7: Z-axis force measuring support top, 51: transition sleeve, 52: pressure sensor I, 53: rolling contact, 54: outer sleeve, 55: support, 56: limit sensor, 57: retaining frame, 58: rotating head, 59: limit slide, 11: base plate, 12: dovetail slide, 13: support seat, 14: driving motor I, 15: transmission pair, 16: shift fork, 17: chicken heart chuck, 31: driving motor II, 32: screw I, 71: top, 72: pressure sensor II, 141: tapered hole, 151: driving motor III, 152: screw II; 101: formula A, 102: formula B, 103: formula C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in , 3, Example 1, a follow-up superhard grinding wheel external cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device, includes a driving fixture 1, the driving fixture 1 is used to clamp one end of the workpiece 2 and drive the workpiece 2 to rotate, and also includes a Z-axis moving assembly 3, the Z-axis moving assembly 3 is fixed on the driving fixture 1, the moving end of the Z-axis moving assembly 3 is provided with a moving support table 4, and the moving support table 4 can be driven to move axially along the workpiece 2.

[0029] It also includes a tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and a normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 arranged on the mobile support platform 4. Specifically in the present embodiment, the mobile support platform 4 is a vertical base in a right-angle posture, and the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 are arranged perpendicular to each other, so that the telescopic action directions of the two are perpendicular to each other.

[0030] When this embodiment is actually used, the contact point between the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 and the workpiece, the contact point between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, and the axis of the workpiece are located on the same horizontal plane, and the cutting telescopic measuring mechanism can be telescoped along the horizontal X-axis direction and maintain contact with the workpiece surface, so that the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 is used to measure the grinding force in the normal direction. The contact point between the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the workpiece and the axis of the workpiece are located on the same vertical plane, and the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 can be telescoped along the vertical Y-axis direction and maintain contact with the workpiece surface, so that the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 is used to measure the grinding force in the tangential direction. During processing measurement, according to actual processing requirements, the telescopic function of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism is used to adjust the position, and the contact with the workpiece surface is always maintained. The grinding force measurement during the plunge grinding process can be realized in real time, and it can adapt to the measurement requirements of workpieces of different sizes, and has a wider range of applications.

[0031] In the reciprocating grinding scenario, driven by the Z-axis moving assembly, the contact points between the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism installed on the mobile support table 4 and the workpiece, and the contact points between the center of the grinding wheel and the workpiece are always located in the same normal plane perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece 2, and move back and forth synchronously with the grinding wheel in a follow-up manner, realizing real-time, follow-up measurement with accurate measurement and strong timeliness.

[0032] In addition, the driving fixture 1 is adjustable with a Z-axis force measuring support top 7, which can cooperate with the other end of the workpiece 2. By setting the Z-axis force measuring support top that cooperates with the workpiece, the grinding force of the workpiece in the axial direction, i.e., the Z-axis direction, during the grinding process can be measured, and the Z-axis force measuring support top 7 can also play a certain supporting role on the end of the workpiece.

[0033] In actual use, the driving fixture can provide an installation support foundation for the corresponding components required for measurement. The driving fixture 1 is used to clamp the workpiece 2, and the Z-axis force measurement support top 7 is used to cooperate with the workpiece 2. When performing reciprocating grinding, the grinding wheel of the grinding equipment is matched with the workpiece for grinding, and the Z-axis moving assembly is controlled to drive the moving support table to move, thereby changing the position of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 and the workpiece matching point, and maintaining the contact points of the grinding wheel center, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5, and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 with the workpiece 2 are all located in the same normal plane perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece 2. During the reciprocating grinding process, the workpiece 2 is subjected to the grinding normal and tangential forces, forcing the workpiece 2 to undergo elastic deformation. At this time, the grinding normal and tangential forces can be measured, and reciprocating follow-up measurement can be achieved at the same time.

[0034] As an optional implementation, the Z-axis moving assembly can be directly fixed on the existing general grinding equipment, the existing grinding equipment is used to clamp and grind the workpiece, and the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 are used to realize the follow-up external cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measurement. At the same time, the top of the existing grinding equipment can be optionally replaced with the Z-axis force measurement support top 7 to realize the grinding force measurement and support along the Z-axis direction.

[0035] Embodiment 2, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 both include a linear drive unit fixed on the movable support platform 4, the driving end of the linear drive unit is connected to the transition sleeve 51, the transition sleeve 51 is connected to the pressure sensor Ⅰ52, the pressure sensor Ⅰ52 is connected to the rolling contact 53, and the linear drive unit can drive the rolling contact 53 to make a linear motion close to the workpiece 2 or away from the side wall of the workpiece 2.

[0036] The linear drive unit may optionally adopt a conventional linear module or a linear drive device. In this embodiment, the linear drive unit includes a drive motor III 151 fixedly mounted on the mobile support platform. The output end of the drive motor III 151 is connected to a lead screw II 152 via a coupling. The transition sleeve 51 is connected to the lead screw nut, and the lead screw nut cooperates with the lead screw II in transmission. When the drive motor III is working, it can drive the lead screw II 152 to rotate, thereby driving the lead screw nut and the transition sleeve 51 to move. In addition, in this embodiment, an outer sleeve 54 is provided on the outside of the transition sleeve 51, and the outer sleeve 54 is fixedly connected to the mobile support platform 4. Among them, as Figure 5As shown, a flange is provided at one end of the outer sleeve and is connected to the movable support platform by bolts.

[0037] As a further embodiment, a limiting unit is provided between the outer sleeve 54 and the transition sleeve 51 or between the outer sleeve 54 and the rolling contact 53 , and the limiting unit is used to limit the linear motion range of the rolling contact 53 .

[0038] Specifically, the limit unit includes a pair of support members 55 arranged on the outer sleeve 54, and the support members 55 are used to fix the limit sensor 56. The outer sleeve 54 is provided with a window that meets the arrangement of the limit sensor 56. The side wall of the retaining frame 57 of the transition sleeve 51 or the rolling contact 53 is provided with a trigger block for triggering the limit sensor 56. In this embodiment, the trigger block is fixed on the outer wall of the transition sleeve. The spacing between the two limit sensors 56 of each set of limit units can be designed according to the initial diameter and final diameter of the workpiece or determined by the maximum and minimum diameters of different workpieces. Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the support member 55 is an elastic steel ring fixed on the outer sleeve 54, and the limit sensor 56 adopts a conventional photoelectric sensor. In addition, two rectangular windows are set on the side wall of the outer sleeve 54, one window is used for moving the limit, and the other window is used to meet the lead wire threading and moving space requirements of the pressure sensor I 52. The output line of the pressure sensor I 52 is led out from the window and connected to the controller, and the controller is controlled by the numerical control system. As a further optional solution, the numerical control system also controls the action and force detection of the corresponding power parts of the drive motor III, the drive tooling, and the Z-axis moving assembly through the controller.

[0039] In actual use, as the driving motor III 151 drives the axis of the transition sleeve 51 to move, the limit sensors 56 at both ends of the axial direction of the window limit the moving range of the trigger block, thereby limiting the adjustment range of the rolling contact.

[0040] As a further embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the rolling contact 53 includes a retainer 57, which is connected to the pressure sensor I 52, and a rotating head 58 is rotatably provided on the retainer 57. Specifically, in this embodiment, a U-shaped seat is provided on the retainer, and the U-shaped seat is used to support the rotation of the rotating head. The cylindrical surface of the retainer 57 and the inner hole surface of the outer sleeve 54 are provided with micro-threads and patterned micro-grooves for storing lubricating oil and reducing moving friction. The shape of the rotating head 58 can be spherical or disc-shaped with an arc, and the material can be high-speed steel, ceramic or hard alloy.

[0041] In addition, a limiting slide groove 59 and a limiting slide rail are provided between the side wall of the retaining frame 57 and the outer sleeve 54. With the cooperation of the limiting slide groove and the limiting slide rail, the retaining frame 57 can be prevented from rotating relative to the outer sleeve 54. When the lead screw II 152 rotates, it can drive the lead screw nut to move along the axis, and simultaneously drive the transition sleeve 51, the retaining frame 57, and the rotating head 58 to make a linear motion along the axis close to or away from the workpiece 2, so that the rotating head contacts and cooperates with the side wall of the workpiece, which is convenient for the subsequent measurement of the grinding force.

[0042] In this embodiment, in the reciprocating grinding scenario, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism follow the synchronous reciprocating movement of the grinding wheel in a follow-up manner, and the two rotating heads 58 always maintain contact with the workpiece surface, drive the tooling to drive the workpiece to rotate, and the rotating heads synchronously move along the workpiece surface. When the workpiece is ground by the grinding wheel to generate grinding force, the grinding force is synchronously transmitted to the two rotating heads in the normal direction and the tangential direction, and then transmitted to the pressure sensor I through the retaining bracket, thereby realizing the measurement of the normal grinding force and the tangential force.

[0043] Embodiment 3, based on embodiment 2, the driving tool 1 comprises a base plate 11, a dovetail slide rail 12 is provided on the base plate 11, support seats 13 are provided at both ends of the dovetail slide rail 12, and at least one support seat 13 can slide along the dovetail slide rail 12. The surface of the dovetail slide rail 12 is a fish scale surface of a scraper, which is used to store oil and reduce friction.

[0044] A driving motor I 14 is fixedly mounted on one of the support seats 13. The driving motor I 14 is coupled to a fork 16 rotatably mounted on the support seat 13 through a transmission pair 15. The fork 16 is connected to a heart-shaped chuck 17. The heart-shaped chuck 17 is used to clamp the workpiece 2. When in use, the driving motor I 14 drives the fork 16 to rotate, and the fork 16 drives the workpiece 2 to rotate through the heart-shaped chuck 17.

[0045] In addition, the Z-axis moving assembly 3 includes a driving motor II 31 fixed on the base plate 11, the output end of the driving motor II 31 is connected to a lead screw I 32, and the lead screw I 32 is arranged on the base plate through a lead screw seat. The lead screw I 32 is in driving cooperation with a lead screw nut fixed on the mobile support platform 4, and the mobile support platform 4 is in sliding cooperation with a dovetail slide rail 12, and the dovetail slide rail 12 plays a guiding role in the movement of the mobile support platform 4.

[0046] When in use, the driving motor II drives the mobile support platform 4 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the workpiece 2 through the transmission cooperation between the screw I and the screw nut, thereby driving the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 on the mobile support platform 4 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece to realize follow-up measurement.

[0047] As a further embodiment, the Z-axis force measurement support top 7 includes a top 71, the front end of the top 71 cooperates with the workpiece 2, the rear end of the top 71 is connected to the pressure sensor II 72, and the pressure sensor II 72 is connected to the support seat 13 located at the rear end of the workpiece. Figure 7 As shown, the optional pressure sensor II is fixed on the support seat 13, and the top 71 is directly installed on the tapered hole 141 of the pressure sensor II 72 to ensure the positioning of the top 71 and facilitate disassembly. When the top 71 is subjected to the axial force, the top 71 compresses the pressure sensor II 72, so that it outputs pressure data, which is the grinding axial force. During the rotation of the workpiece, the grinding wheel of the grinding equipment can realize radial feeding and reciprocating movement along the axial direction of the workpiece under the control of the grinding equipment. During the reciprocating processing, the grinding force of the workpiece in the axial direction is transmitted to the top, and the top is transmitted to the pressure sensor II, so that the grinding force along the Z-axis direction can be measured in real time.

[0048] Embodiment 4, a method for measuring the reciprocating grinding force of an external cylindrical surface of a follow-up superhard grinding wheel, using the device described in embodiments 1 to 3, comprises the following steps: Step 1: First, use the driving fixture 1 to clamp the workpiece 2, and at the same time, match the Z-axis force measurement support top 7 with the workpiece 2 until the force signal of the Z-axis force measurement support top 7 reaches the set value, and then match the grinding wheel of the grinding equipment with the workpiece 2. The set value is the clamping preload, which is the basic force value, and the grinding force in the Z-axis direction is the sensor force value minus the clamping preload.

[0049] Step 2: Control the Z-axis moving assembly 3 to move the moving support table 4 to the middle position corresponding to the width of the grinding wheel, and then slightly adjust the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 to contact the workpiece 2, observe the output of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6, and stop adjusting until a micro-force signal appears.

[0050] Step 3: Set the grinding parameters of the grinding equipment, and at the same time, reset the force measurement signals of the Z-axis force measuring support top 7, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5, and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 to zero, and set the control parameters of the Z-axis moving assembly 3, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5, and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 during the processing.

[0051] When setting the control parameters, the reciprocating speed of the grinding wheel is V w , the single-stroke grinding depth of workpiece 2 radius is a p When Figure 8 , 9 , 10, the moving speed of the moving support platform 4 is calculated according to formula A101 V f, and according to the moving speed V f The moving speed of the moving support table driven by the Z-axis moving assembly 3 is set; the total movement of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 is set according to formula B102 and formula C103 respectively. L t , L n , so that the rolling contacts 53 of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 are always in contact with the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 2 to avoid the influence of the reduction of the diameter of the workpiece 2, where x is the number of reciprocating strokes of the grinding process.

[0052] Step 4, start the grinding equipment to control the grinding wheel, start grinding the workpiece 2, control the Z-axis moving assembly 3 to drive the moving support table 4 to move back and forth with the reciprocating grinding of the grinding wheel, and make the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 always keep corresponding to the middle position of the grinding wheel width, and perform follow-up force measurement. The Z-axis force measuring support top 7, the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism 5 and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism 6 are subjected to the grinding forces in the corresponding directions, and the grinding forces in three directions can be output.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A follow-up super-hard grinding wheel outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device, characterized in that: The driving tool (1) is used to clamp one end of a workpiece (2) and drive the workpiece (2) to rotate; A Z-axis moving assembly (3) is fixedly provided on the driving fixture (1); a moving end of the Z-axis moving assembly (3) is provided with a moving support platform (4), and the moving support platform (4) is capable of driving the moving support platform (4) to move along the axial direction of the workpiece (2); a tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5) and a normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6) are provided on the moving support platform (4), which are perpendicular to each other; the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5) and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6) are capable of contacting the outer wall of the workpiece (2) on the same normal plane perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece (2) to perform force measurement; and a Z-axis force measuring support top (7) is adjustable on the driving fixture (1); the Z-axis force measuring support top (7) is capable of cooperating with the other end of the workpiece (2).

2. The follow-up superhard grinding wheel outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5) and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6) both comprise a linear drive unit fixed on the movable support platform (4); a drive end of the linear drive unit is connected to a transition sleeve (51); the transition sleeve (51) is connected to a pressure sensor I (52); the pressure sensor I (52) is connected to a rolling contact (53); and the linear drive unit can drive the rolling contact (53) to perform a linear motion close to or away from a side wall of the workpiece (2).

3. The follow-up type super-hard grinding wheel outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An outer sleeve (54) is provided outside the transition sleeve (51), the outer sleeve (54) is fixedly connected to the movable support platform (4), and a limiting unit is provided between the outer sleeve (54) and the transition sleeve (51) or between the outer sleeve (54) and the rolling contact (53), the limiting unit being used to limit the linear motion range of the rolling contact (53).

4. The follow-up type super-hard grinding wheel outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The limit unit comprises a pair of support members (55) arranged on an outer sleeve (54), the support members (55) being used to fix a limit sensor (56), the outer sleeve (54) being provided with a window for arranging the limit sensor (56), and a trigger block for triggering the limit sensor (56) being provided on a side wall of the transition sleeve (51) or the rolling contact (53).

5. The follow-up type super-hard grinding wheel outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The rolling contact (53) comprises a retaining frame (57), the retaining frame (57) is connected to the pressure sensor I (52), a rotating head (58) is rotatably provided on the retaining frame (57), and a limiting slide groove (59) and a limiting slide rail are cooperated between the side wall of the retaining frame (57) and the outer sleeve (54).

6. The follow-up type super-hard grinding wheel outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The driving tool (1) comprises a base plate (11), a dovetail slide rail (12) is provided on the base plate (11), support seats (13) are provided at both ends of the dovetail slide rail (12), and at least one support seat (13) can slide along the dovetail slide rail (12); a driving motor I (14) is fixedly provided on one of the support seats (13), and the driving motor I (14) is driven and matched with a shift fork (16) rotatably provided on the support seat (13) through a transmission pair (15), and the shift fork (16) is connected to a heart-shaped chuck (17), and the heart-shaped chuck (17) is used to clamp the workpiece (2).

7. The follow-up type super-hard grinding wheel outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The Z-axis moving assembly (3) comprises a driving motor II (31) fixedly mounted on a base plate (11); the output end of the driving motor II (31) is connected to a lead screw I (32); the lead screw I (32) is in driving cooperation with a lead screw nut fixedly mounted on a moving support platform (4); and the moving support platform (4) is in sliding cooperation with a dovetail guide rail (12).

8. The follow-up type super-hard grinding wheel outer cylindrical reciprocating grinding force measuring device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The Z-axis force measurement support top (7) comprises a top (71), the front end of the top (71) cooperates with the workpiece (2), the rear end of the top (71) is connected to a pressure sensor II (72), and the pressure sensor II (72) is connected to a support seat (13).

9. A method for measuring the reciprocating grinding force of a follow-up superhard grinding wheel outer circle, using the device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: First, the workpiece (2) is clamped by using the driving fixture (1), and at the same time, the Z-axis force measuring support top (7) is matched with the workpiece (2) until the force signal of the Z-axis force measuring support top (7) reaches a set value, and then the grinding wheel of the grinding device is matched with the workpiece (2); Step 2: Control the Z-axis moving assembly (3) to move the moving support table (4) to a position corresponding to the middle of the width of the grinding wheel, and then slightly adjust the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5) and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6) to contact the workpiece (2), and observe the output of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5) and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6), and stop adjusting until a micro-force signal appears; Step 3, setting the grinding parameters of the grinding equipment, and at the same time, zeroing the force measurement signals of the Z-axis force measuring support top (7), the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5), and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6), and setting the control parameters of the Z-axis moving assembly (3), the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5), and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6) during the processing; Step 4: Start the grinding equipment to control the grinding wheel to start grinding the workpiece (2). Control the Z-axis moving assembly (3) to drive the moving support table (4) to move back and forth with the reciprocating grinding of the grinding wheel, and keep the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5) and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6) at the middle position corresponding to the width of the grinding wheel to perform follow-up force measurement. The Z-axis force measuring support top (7), the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5) and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6) are subjected to the grinding forces in the corresponding directions, and the grinding forces in the three directions can be output.

10. The method for measuring the external cylindrical reciprocating grinding force of a follow-up superhard grinding wheel according to claim 9, characterized in that: When setting the control parameters in step 3, the reciprocating speed of the grinding wheel is V w , the radius of the workpiece (2) single stroke grinding depth is a p When the moving speed of the moving support platform (4) is calculated according to formula A (101): V f , and according to the moving speed V f The Z-axis moving assembly (3) is set; the total movement of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5) and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6) are set according to formula B (102) and formula C (103) respectively. L t , L n , so that the rolling contacts (53) of the tangential telescopic measuring mechanism (5) and the normal telescopic measuring mechanism (6) are always in contact with the cylindrical surface of the workpiece (2) to avoid the influence of the reduction of the diameter of the workpiece (2), where x is the number of reciprocating strokes.

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