Real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of bridge acceleration sensor

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of bridge construction, in particular to a real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor. According to the real-time resolving method, the to-be-analyzed data obtained by the bridge acceleration sensor is sequentially subjected to filtering processing and direct current component processing, and then real-time resolving is performed through the time domain quadratic integration method, so that more accurate initial displacement data points and a complete speed sequence are obtained. Therefore, the problems of error accumulation and large initial value error in the prior art are solved. Compared with a traditional acceleration quadratic integration method, the bridge acceleration sensor dynamic displacement method provided by the invention is more accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bridge construction, and in particular to a real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor. Background Art

[0002] The development of bridge construction is closely related to our lives. As an important part of public transportation, it plays a key role in the smooth operation of regional traffic and the progress of social economy. The real-time solution method of dynamic displacement of bridge acceleration sensor is a technology used to monitor the displacement changes of bridges under various pressures. This method collects the acceleration data of the acceleration sensor device arranged on the bridge, and processes and analyzes the data through the real-time solution method of bridge dynamic displacement. By analyzing the calculation method of acceleration data, the displacement, velocity and acceleration parameters of the bridge can be converted.

[0003] In the traditional acceleration-displacement conversion method, the quadratic integration method is usually used. However, this method has the problems of error accumulation and initial value. The quadratic integration algorithm of acceleration is based on the calculation of discrete data points, so there is the problem of error accumulation. As time goes by, the error will gradually accumulate, causing the calculation result to deviate from the actual value. In addition, the quadratic integration algorithm of acceleration cannot solve the initial value, and the initial value needs to be set. If the initial value is set improperly, the calculation result will deviate from the actual value. In the complex environment of the bridge, there are various different noises. How to pre-process the data before calculation and restore the real acceleration data is an important process in the bridge dynamic displacement solution method.

[0004] Therefore, a real-time solution method for the dynamic displacement of bridge acceleration sensors with smaller error accumulation and more accurate initial values ​​is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of error accumulation and large initial value error in the prior art and to provide a real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor comprises the following steps:

[0008] Data acquisition: data to be analyzed obtained through bridge acceleration sensors;

[0009] Filtering: filtering the data to be analyzed and outputting enhanced data;

[0010] DC component processing: filtering out the DC component of the enhanced data by fast Fourier transform and outputting acceleration data;

[0011] Real-time solution: The phase spectrum and amplitude spectrum of the acceleration data are calculated by the time domain quadratic integration method, and the initial displacement data points and the complete velocity sequence corresponding to the data to be analyzed are output.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the filtering process adopts a Butterworth filter.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the DC component processing comprises the following steps:

[0014] Performing a fast Fourier transform on the data to be analyzed to convert it from time domain signal data to frequency domain signal data;

[0015] Filter out data at zero frequency and mirror-symmetric frequency in the frequency domain signal data;

[0016] The filtered frequency domain signal data is subjected to inverse Fourier transform using inverse Fourier transform and output as acceleration data.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the real-time solution step includes the following steps:

[0018] Performing a fast Fourier transform on the acceleration data to convert it from time domain signal data to frequency domain signal data;

[0019] Obtaining the main frequency, phase and amplitude of acceleration from the converted acceleration data;

[0020] Calculate the magnitude and phase of velocity;

[0021] Calculate the initial data points of the velocity sequence and the complete velocity sequence according to the velocity amplitude and phase;

[0022] Calculate the magnitude and phase of the displacement based on the magnitude of the acceleration and the dominant frequency;

[0023] The initial displacement data points and the complete velocity sequence are calculated, and the initial displacement data points and the complete velocity sequence corresponding to the data to be analyzed are output.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation formula of the velocity amplitude and the velocity phase is:

[0025] The amplitude of the velocity is A' v (j):

[0026]

[0027] Among them, A' v (j) is the velocity amplitude value at the jth frequency component, A' a (j) is the acceleration amplitude value of the jth frequency component, w' a(j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, which indicates the number of times the signal is sampled per unit time;

[0028] Phase of velocity

[0029]

[0030] in, is the phase of velocity, is the phase of the acceleration of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency.

[0031] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the initial data point v'0 of the velocity sequence and the complete velocity sequence v' n The calculation formula is:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, v'0 is the velocity value at the initial moment, v' n is the velocity value at the nth moment. M is the total number of summed frequency components, A' v (j) is the velocity amplitude value of the jth frequency component, is the phase of the velocity at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, a i is the acceleration value at the i-th moment, a i-1 is the acceleration value at the i-1th moment.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation formula of the displacement amplitude and the displacement phase is:

[0035] Amplitude of displacement A' u :

[0036]

[0037] Among them, A' u is the displacement amplitude, A' a (j) is the acceleration amplitude value of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, which indicates the number of times the signal is sampled per unit time;

[0038] Phase of displacement

[0039]

[0040] in, is the phase of the displacement, is the acceleration phase of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency.

[0041] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the displacement initial data point u'0 and the complete velocity sequence u' n The calculation formula is:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, u'0 is the displacement value at the initial moment, u' n is the displacement value at the nth moment, A' u (j) is the displacement amplitude value of the jth frequency component, M is the total number of frequency components, is the phase of the displacement at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, n is the length of the velocity sequence, a i is the acceleration value at the ith moment, v' i is the velocity value at the i-th moment.

[0044] A real-time dynamic displacement solution device for a bridge acceleration sensor includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute any of the methods described above.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] The real-time solution method of the present invention performs filtering and DC component processing on the data to be analyzed obtained by the bridge acceleration sensor in sequence, and then performs real-time solution through the time domain quadratic integration method, thereby obtaining more accurate initial displacement data points and complete velocity sequence. This overcomes the existing problems of error accumulation and large initial value errors. Compared with the traditional acceleration quadratic integration method, the bridge acceleration sensor dynamic displacement method proposed by the present invention is more accurate and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for real-time calculation of dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the verification result of converting acceleration into displacement in a real-time solution method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor according to Example 2 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a real-time calculation device for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor described in Example 3 of the present invention, which utilizes the real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor described in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, a real-time solution method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor includes the following steps:

[0053] Data acquisition: Data to be analyzed is obtained through bridge acceleration sensors.

[0054] Filtering: filtering the data to be analyzed and outputting enhanced data.

[0055] DC component processing: The DC component of the enhanced data is filtered out by fast Fourier transform, and acceleration data is output.

[0056] Real-time solution: The phase spectrum and amplitude spectrum of the acceleration data are calculated by the time domain quadratic integration method, and the initial displacement data points and the complete velocity sequence corresponding to the data to be analyzed are output.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment is a specific implementation of the method for real-time calculation of dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor described in Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:

[0059] Data acquisition: Data to be analyzed is obtained through bridge acceleration sensors.

[0060] Filtering: filtering the data to be analyzed and outputting enhanced data.

[0061] Due to the complexity of the bridge structure, the collected acceleration data signal is easily affected by various environmental noises. In order to ensure the accuracy and stability of subsequent calculations and reduce the cumulative error, it is very necessary to perform preprocessing before data solution. This embodiment uses a Butterworth filter to filter the data collected by the acceleration sensor. The Butterworth filter is known for its flat passband and steep transition band. In practical applications, it can efficiently remove noise from the signal while retaining the original characteristics of the signal as much as possible.

[0062] DC component processing: The acceleration data collected by the bridge acceleration sensor may have a DC component due to the sensor itself. The DC component of the enhanced data is filtered out by fast Fourier transform and the acceleration data is output.

[0063] Furthermore, the DC component processing comprises the following steps:

[0064] Performing a fast Fourier transform on the data to be analyzed to convert it from time domain signal data to frequency domain signal data;

[0065] Since the DC component of the frequency domain is displayed as an amplitude at zero frequency on the graphical display, the data at zero frequency and mirror-symmetric frequency in the frequency domain signal data are filtered out;

[0066] The filtered frequency domain signal data is subjected to inverse Fourier transform using inverse Fourier transform and output as acceleration data.

[0067] Real-time solution: The phase spectrum and amplitude spectrum of the acceleration data are calculated by the time domain quadratic integration method, and the initial displacement data points and the complete velocity sequence corresponding to the data to be analyzed are output.

[0068] Furthermore, the real-time solving step includes the following steps:

[0069] Performing a fast Fourier transform on the acceleration data to convert it from time domain signal data to frequency domain signal data;

[0070] Obtaining the main frequency, phase and amplitude of acceleration from the converted acceleration data;

[0071] Calculate the amplitude and phase of the velocity; the calculation formula for the amplitude and phase of the velocity is:

[0072] The amplitude of the velocity is A' v (j):

[0073]

[0074] Among them, A' a is the magnitude of acceleration, w' a is the main frequency of acceleration;

[0075] Among them, A' v (j) is the velocity amplitude value of the jth frequency component, A' a (j) is the acceleration amplitude value of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency.

[0076] Phase of velocity

[0077]

[0078] in, is the phase of acceleration.

[0079] in, is the phase of velocity, is the phase of the acceleration of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency.

[0080] Calculate the initial data point of the velocity sequence and the complete velocity sequence according to the amplitude and phase of the velocity; the initial data point v'0 of the velocity sequence and the complete velocity sequence v' n The calculation formula is:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, v'0 is the velocity value at the initial moment, v' n is the velocity value at the nth moment. M is the total number of summed frequency components, A' v (j) is the velocity amplitude value of the jth frequency component, is the phase of the velocity at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, a i is the acceleration value at the i-th moment, a i-1 is the acceleration value at the i-1th moment.

[0083] The amplitude and phase of the displacement are calculated according to the amplitude of the acceleration and the main frequency; the calculation formula for the amplitude and phase of the displacement is:

[0084] Amplitude of displacement A' u :

[0085]

[0086] Among them, A' u is the displacement amplitude, A' a(j) is the acceleration amplitude value of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, which means the number of times the signal is sampled per unit time.

[0087] Phase of displacement

[0088]

[0089] in, is the phase of the displacement, is the acceleration phase of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency.

[0090] Calculate the initial displacement data point and the complete velocity sequence, and output the initial displacement data point and the complete velocity sequence corresponding to the data to be analyzed. n The calculation formula is:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Among them, u'0 is the displacement value at the initial moment, u' n is the displacement value at the nth moment, A' u (j) is the displacement amplitude value of the jth frequency component, M is the total number of frequency components, is the phase of the displacement at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, n is the length of the velocity sequence, a i is the acceleration value at the ith moment, v' i is the velocity value at the i-th moment.

[0094] Furthermore, simulation is used to verify the method described in this embodiment. The displacement signal is represented by a standard cosine function, the acceleration data is calculated by quadratic differentiation of the simulated data, and the root mean square error between the simulated displacement signal and the calculated displacement signal is calculated to be less than 0.3%. It can be seen that the reliability of the solution method described in this embodiment is good.

[0095] Specifically, in the simulation test embodiment, the three signal amplitudes are a1=0.5mm, a2=2mm, a3=1mm; the frequencies are f1=2Hz, f2=4Hz, f3=4Hz; the phase offset is The signal sequence is synthesized into a composite signal S1, such as Figure 2 As shown in the original displacement, the simulated original displacement signal S1 is converted into an acceleration signal sequence through secondary differentiation, and the acceleration signal sequence is solved by the dynamic displacement real-time solution method to obtain the reconstructed displacement S2, as shown in Figure 2 As shown in the reconstructed displacement, the RMS error calculated by S1 and S2 has an error of 0.19%.

[0096] Example 3

[0097] like Figure 3 As shown, a bridge acceleration sensor dynamic displacement real-time solution device includes at least one processor, a memory connected to the at least one processor, and at least one input-output interface connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the bridge acceleration sensor dynamic displacement real-time solution method described in the above embodiment. The input-output interface can include a display, a keyboard, a mouse, and a USB interface for inputting and outputting data.

[0098] Those skilled in the art can understand that: all or part of the steps of implementing the above-mentioned method embodiment can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiment; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROM), magnetic disks or optical disks, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0099] When the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present invention is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can be essentially or partly reflected in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0100] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Data acquisition: data to be analyzed obtained through bridge acceleration sensors; Filtering: filtering the data to be analyzed and outputting enhanced data; DC component processing: filtering out the DC component of the enhanced data by fast Fourier transform and outputting acceleration data; Real-time solution: The phase spectrum and amplitude spectrum of the acceleration data are calculated by the time domain quadratic integration method, and the initial displacement data points and the complete velocity sequence corresponding to the data to be analyzed are output.

2. The method for real-time calculation of dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filtering process adopts a Butterworth filter.

3. The real-time calculation method of dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The DC component processing comprises the following steps: Performing a fast Fourier transform on the data to be analyzed to convert it from time domain signal data to frequency domain signal data; Filter out data at zero frequency and mirror-symmetric frequency in the frequency domain signal data; The filtered frequency domain signal data is subjected to inverse Fourier transform using inverse Fourier transform and output as acceleration data.

4. The real-time calculation method of dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The real-time solving step comprises the following steps: Performing a fast Fourier transform on the acceleration data to convert it from time domain signal data to frequency domain signal data; Obtaining the main frequency, phase and amplitude of acceleration from the converted acceleration data; Calculate the magnitude and phase of velocity; Calculate the initial data points of the velocity sequence and the complete velocity sequence according to the velocity amplitude and phase; Calculate the magnitude and phase of the displacement based on the magnitude of the acceleration and the dominant frequency; The initial displacement data points and the complete velocity sequence are calculated, and the initial displacement data points and the complete velocity sequence corresponding to the data to be analyzed are output.

5. A real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the velocity amplitude and velocity phase is: The amplitude of the velocity is A' v (j): Among them, A' v (j) is the velocity amplitude value at the jth frequency component, A' a (j) is the acceleration amplitude value of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, which indicates the number of times the signal is sampled per unit time; Phase of velocity in, is the phase of velocity, is the phase of the acceleration of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency.

6. A real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The initial data point v'0 of the velocity sequence and the complete velocity sequence v' n The calculation formula is: Among them, v'0 is the velocity value at the initial moment, v' n is the velocity value at the nth moment. M is the total number of summed frequency components, A' v (j) is the velocity amplitude value of the jth frequency component, is the phase of the velocity at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, a i is the acceleration value at the i-th moment, a i-1 is the acceleration value at the i-1th moment.

7. A real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the displacement amplitude and displacement phase is: Amplitude of displacement A' u : Among them, A' u is the displacement amplitude, A' a (j) is the acceleration amplitude value of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, which indicates the number of times the signal is sampled per unit time; Phase of displacement in, is the phase of the displacement, is the acceleration phase of the jth frequency component, w' a (j) is the main frequency of the acceleration at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency.

8. A real-time calculation method for dynamic displacement of a bridge acceleration sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The initial displacement data point u'0 and the complete velocity sequence u' n The calculation formula is: Among them, u'0 is the displacement value at the initial moment, u' n is the displacement value at the nth moment, A' u (j) is the displacement amplitude value of the jth frequency component, M is the total number of frequency components, is the phase of the displacement at the jth frequency component, f s is the sampling frequency, n is the length of the velocity sequence, a i is the acceleration value at the ith moment, v' i is the velocity value at the i-th moment.

9. A real-time calculation device for dynamic displacement of bridge acceleration sensor, characterized in that: It includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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