Ultrasonic osteotome control system and method for removing bone and reducing resistance of alveolar bone

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic osteotome control system for removing bones and reducing resistance of alveolar bones in the technical field of medical treatment, and the ultrasonic osteotome control system comprises an ultrasonic osteotome and a controller, a signal processing module; a judgment module; a control module; the three-dimensional image navigation module is used for positioning the ultrasonic osteotome and planning an operation path; the integrated heat dissipation module is used for dissipating heat generated when the ultrasonic osteotome works; the cooling liquid module is used for intelligently adjusting the spraying amount and spraying speed of cooling liquid according to the temperature change of the surgical site and providing different cooling liquid modes, and the cooling liquid modes comprise an anesthesia mode, a disinfection mode and a wound healing mode; and a monitoring feedback module. The ultrasonic osteotome is scientific and reasonable, and intelligent control and precise surgical operation of the ultrasonic osteotome are achieved by integrating advanced signal collecting, processing and judging technologies and combining three-dimensional image navigation, intelligent heat dissipation, multifunctional cooling liquid and a real-time monitoring feedback module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of medical technology, and in particular is an ultrasonic osteotome control system and method for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction. Background Art

[0002] In the field of oral medicine, necrotic tissue or debris may remain in the alveolar bone after tooth extraction. If these residues are not removed in time, they may cause infection, leading to oral diseases such as dry socket, fibrous gingivitis, and periodontitis. By removing the alveolar bone in the affected area, these residues can be completely removed to prevent complications. Bone removal and drag reduction of alveolar bone after tooth extraction is a delicate and complex surgical operation. Traditional surgical methods usually rely on the doctor's experience and feel, and it is difficult to accurately control the cutting depth and strength, which can easily cause damage to the surrounding soft and hard tissues, increase the patient's pain and postoperative recovery time. At the same time, because the movement speed of human teeth is relatively slow, generally 0.8 to 1.2 mm / month, the correction process of traditional orthodontic treatment generally lasts about 2 years, and the course of tooth extraction cases is longer. Therefore, optimizing the treatment plan and shortening the treatment time have important clinical and practical significance. As an innovative bone surgery device, the ultrasonic bone knife uses a high-frequency micro-oscillation knife for surgery. Compared with traditional surgical instruments, it uses high-intensity focused ultrasound technology and has the advantages of strong soft and hard tissue recognition and high cutting accuracy. Ultrasonic osteotome has been widely used in the oral field and has shown potential in orthodontic treatment. Previous studies have found that ultrasonic osteotome can accelerate the distal movement speed of canine canines. The use of ultrasonic osteotome for rapid tooth movement can significantly shorten the correction time to 7-8 months. Animal experiments have shown that ultrasonic osteotome surgery can reduce the pressure time of periodontal tissues and is an effective orthodontic technology. The drag reduction and distraction rapid tooth movement technology is based on the physiological principles of bone distraction and suture distraction osteogenesis. By performing septal bone drag reduction and buccal and lingual base cortical bone incisions immediately after tooth extraction, the bone resistance on the moving tooth movement path is effectively reduced, and the rapid movement of the moving tooth on the drag reduction side is achieved under the action of continuous distraction. Studies have shown that the drag reduction and distraction technology makes the orthodontic tooth movement speed significantly faster than traditional treatment methods, providing a new perspective for shortening the clinical correction course and in-depth exploration of the mechanism of tooth movement.

[0003] Although ultrasonic bone knives have been widely used in oral surgery, the clinical application of ultrasonic bone knife drag reduction is still immature. There are still some problems in the use of existing ultrasonic bone knives. For example, since it is impossible to judge the type of tissue contacted by the ultrasonic bone knife in real time, doctors often need to rely on experience to adjust the cutting parameters, which not only increases the uncertainty of the operation, but also may affect the effect of the operation. At the same time, during oral surgery, the temperature change of the surgical site has an important impact on the surgical effect and the comfort of the patient. Traditional coolant systems can usually only provide a single cooling function and cannot be intelligently adjusted according to surgical needs. For the patient's pain state during the operation, doctors can often only perceive it through the patient's verbal feedback. This method has lag and subjectivity, which is not conducive to the precise control of the operation.

[0004] In summary, how to realize intelligent control of ultrasonic osteotome in alveolar bone removal and drag reduction surgery after tooth extraction has become an urgent problem to be solved by technicians in this field. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an ultrasonic osteotome control system and method for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic bone knife control system and method for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction, which integrates advanced signal acquisition, processing and judgment technologies, combines three-dimensional image navigation, intelligent heat dissipation, multi-functional coolant and real-time monitoring feedback module to achieve intelligent control and precise surgical operation of the ultrasonic bone knife.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an ultrasonic bone cutter control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction, comprising an ultrasonic bone cutter and a controller, wherein the controller comprises the following modules:

[0007] Signal acquisition module: used to collect real-time current and voltage signals when the ultrasonic osteotome contacts bone tissue during the alveolar bone removal and drag reduction process after tooth extraction in the oral cavity.

[0008] Signal processing module: used to process the current and voltage signals collected by the signal acquisition module, including filtering and amplification, and calculate the real-time impedance and impedance slope parameters.

[0009] Judgment module: used to judge the type of tissue currently contacted by the ultrasonic bone knife based on the signal processed by the signal processing module and the calculated parameters, and the tissue type includes bone tissue or soft tissue.

[0010] Control module: used to adjust the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic bone knife according to the judgment result of the judgment module. When it is judged to be bone tissue, the driving mode and parameters of bone tissue are adopted; when it is judged to be soft tissue, the driving mode and parameters of soft tissue are adopted.

[0011] 3D image navigation module, used to locate ultrasonic bone knife and plan operation path by combining oral CT 3D image data;

[0012] The integrated heat dissipation module is used to dissipate the heat generated when the ultrasonic bone knife is working.

[0013] The coolant module is used to intelligently adjust the spray volume and spray speed of the coolant according to the temperature changes of the surgical site, and provide different coolant modes, including anesthesia mode, disinfection mode and wound healing mode.

[0014] The monitoring and feedback module is used to continuously monitor the working status of the ultrasonic bone knife, the tissue type judgment results, and the patient's facial expression parameter information during the operation, and feed back the information to the doctor to assist the surgical operation.

[0015] Furthermore, the integrated heat dissipation module utilizes the principles of air convection and heat conduction to integrate a temperature sensor, a micro fan and a heat pipe inside the ultrasonic bone knife body. The temperature sensor monitors the working temperature of the ultrasonic bone knife in real time and automatically adjusts the working parameters of the micro fan according to temperature changes.

[0016] Furthermore, the anesthesia mode, disinfection mode and wound healing mode refer to that when local anesthesia is needed in the early stage of surgery to relieve patient pain, the coolant sprayed by the ultrasonic bone knife is in the anesthesia mode, and the coolant module provides coolant containing local anesthetic drugs; when ensuring the cleanliness and sterility of the surgical site during the operation, the coolant sprayed by the ultrasonic bone knife is in the disinfection mode, and the coolant module provides coolant containing disinfectant; when promoting wound healing at the end of the operation, the coolant sprayed by the ultrasonic bone knife is in the wound healing mode, and the coolant module provides coolant containing nutrient solution and growth factors.

[0017] Furthermore, the signal acquisition module integrates a current sensor and a voltage sensor to collect the current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic bone knife during operation, and convert the current and voltage signals into digital signals for transmission to the signal processing module.

[0018] Furthermore, the signal processing module filtering algorithm adopts a digital filter, and the amplification circuit adopts a differential amplification circuit. The real-time impedance value is calculated according to Ohm's law. The impedance value is obtained by dividing the voltage signal by the current signal, and the impedance slope is obtained by linearly fitting the impedance value within the time window.

[0019] Furthermore, the judgment module is implemented by comparing the impedance slope with a preset impedance slope. When the impedance slope is greater than or equal to the preset value, it is judged to be bone tissue; otherwise, it is judged to be soft tissue.

[0020] Furthermore, the driving mode and parameters of bone tissue refer to the vibration mode of 27-39kHz frequency, 70-123μm amplitude and 60-110W power output of the ultrasonic bone knife; the driving mode and parameters of soft tissue refer to the vibration mode of 22.5kHz and below frequency, 130μm and below amplitude and 50W and below power output of the ultrasonic bone knife.

[0021] Furthermore, the three-dimensional image navigation module also includes a surgical path planning unit, which uses image processing algorithms and three-dimensional reconstruction technology to generate a high-precision three-dimensional model based on the patient's oral CT data, and plans the surgical path and cutting depth.

[0022] Furthermore, the monitoring feedback module also includes a facial acquisition unit and a visualization interface. The facial acquisition unit uses a preset patient facial camera and image processing technology to extract key features from the captured facial images. The features include the shape and position of eyebrows, eyes, and mouth. Based on the extracted features, a machine learning algorithm is used to analyze the patient's facial expression to determine whether the patient is in a state of pain, and feedback is provided to the doctor through a visualization interface.

[0023] A method for controlling an ultrasonic osteotome for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Signal acquisition: The signal acquisition module collects the current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic bone knife during the operation in real time, and converts these signals into digital signals for subsequent processing.

[0025] Step 2: Signal processing and calculation: The collected signal is filtered and amplified by the signal processing module, and the real-time impedance and impedance slope parameters are calculated.

[0026] Step three, tissue type determination: The determination module determines the tissue type currently contacted by the ultrasonic bone knife based on the comparison between the calculated impedance slope and the preset impedance slope, and transmits the determination result to the control module.

[0027] Step 4: Driving mode and parameter adjustment: The control module dynamically adjusts the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic bone knife according to the judgment result of the judgment module to adapt to different tissue types and surgical requirements.

[0028] Step 5: Real-time monitoring and feedback: The monitoring and feedback module continuously monitors the working status of the ultrasonic osteotome, the results of tissue type judgment, and the patient's facial expression parameters during the entire operation, and feeds this information back to the doctor in real time through a visual interface to assist the operation. The above solution achieves the following principles and beneficial effects:

[0029] Basic principle: By integrating advanced signal acquisition, processing and judgment technologies, combined with three-dimensional image navigation, intelligent heat dissipation, multi-functional coolant and real-time monitoring feedback modules, intelligent control and precise surgical operation of ultrasonic bone knife can be achieved. The signal acquisition module collects the current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic bone knife in real time during operation. After these signals are processed by the signal processing module, the real-time impedance and impedance slope parameters are calculated. The judgment module uses these parameters to determine the type of tissue currently contacted by the ultrasonic bone knife, and transmits the judgment results to the control module. The control module dynamically adjusts the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic bone knife according to the judgment results to adapt to different tissue types and surgical requirements. At the same time, the three-dimensional image navigation module provides high-precision surgical path planning, the intelligent heat dissipation module and the coolant module ensure the stable operation of the equipment and the appropriate temperature environment of the surgical site, and the monitoring feedback module continuously monitors the surgical process and provides real-time feedback to the doctor.

[0030] Beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The integrated heat dissipation module in the present invention utilizes the principles of air convection and heat conduction, and realizes active heat dissipation of the internal temperature of the ultrasonic bone knife body through components such as micro fans and heat pipes. This active heat dissipation method greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency and ensures that the ultrasonic bone knife can maintain a stable working temperature under long-term, high-intensity working conditions. By combining the intelligent adjustment of the coolant module and the active heat dissipation of the integrated heat dissipation module, the present invention forms a complete heat dissipation strategy. This comprehensive heat dissipation strategy not only effectively reduces the temperature risk during surgery, but also improves the safety and efficiency of surgery.

[0032] 2. The present invention can accurately distinguish bone tissue from soft tissue by real-time acquisition and processing of the current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic bone scalpel during operation, combined with the calculation of impedance and impedance slope, thereby ensuring that only the target tissue is accurately cut during the operation, avoiding unnecessary damage to the surrounding soft tissue. The real-time feedback mechanism enables doctors to instantly understand the progress of the operation and the working status of the ultrasonic bone scalpel, further improving the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0033] 3. The control system of the present invention can dynamically adjust the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic osteotome, such as frequency, amplitude and power output, according to the results of the judgment module to adapt to the needs of different tissue types and surgical stages. This dynamic adjustment capability not only improves the flexibility of the surgery, but also enables doctors to provide personalized treatment according to the specific conditions of different patients.

[0034] 4. The coolant module in the present invention provides multiple modes such as anesthesia, disinfection and wound healing, which effectively reduces pain and discomfort during surgery and reduces the risk of postoperative infection. Different surgical stages and surgical sites have different requirements for coolant. For example, anesthetic drugs need to be added during the anesthesia stage to relieve the patient's pain; the coolant in the anesthesia mode not only has a cooling effect, but also provides a local anesthetic effect. Disinfectants need to be added to kill bacteria during the disinfection stage; the coolant in the disinfection mode has a strong bactericidal effect and can significantly reduce the risk of postoperative infection. In the wound healing stage, substances that help wound healing need to be added to promote wound repair. This helps to reduce the patient's pain and discomfort during surgery and makes the operation more comfortable. The intelligent adjustment function of the coolant ensures the appropriate temperature of the surgical site, reduces the possibility of thermal damage and postoperative swelling, and thus accelerates the patient's postoperative recovery.

[0035] 5. The 3D image navigation module in the present invention provides high-precision surgical path planning, allowing doctors to locate the surgical site more quickly and accurately, reducing the time spent on exploration during surgery. The real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism helps doctors identify problems and make adjustments in a timely manner, avoiding delays and repeated operations during surgery, thereby improving surgical efficiency.

[0036] 6. The intelligent heat dissipation module of the present invention effectively prevents the ultrasonic osteotome from being damaged due to overheating during operation, reducing the risk of surgery. The real-time monitoring mechanism can promptly detect abnormal conditions during surgery, such as abnormal current and voltage fluctuations, thereby avoiding possible complications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 4 is a system flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Basically as attached Figure 1 As shown: An ultrasonic bone cutter control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction, including an ultrasonic bone cutter and a controller, the controller including the following modules:

[0042] Signal acquisition module: used to collect real-time current and voltage signals when the ultrasonic bone knife contacts bone tissue during the alveolar bone removal and drag reduction process after tooth extraction in the oral cavity; the signal acquisition module integrates current sensors and voltage sensors to collect current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic bone knife during operation, and convert the current and voltage signals into digital signals for transmission to the signal processing module.

[0043] Signal processing module: used to process the current and voltage signals collected by the signal acquisition module, including filtering and amplification, and calculate the real-time impedance and impedance slope parameters; the signal processing module filtering algorithm adopts a digital filter, and the amplification circuit adopts a differential amplification circuit. The real-time impedance value is calculated according to Ohm's law. The impedance value is obtained by dividing the voltage signal by the current signal, and the impedance slope is obtained by linear fitting of the impedance value within the time window.

[0044] Judgment module: used to judge the type of tissue currently contacted by the ultrasonic bone knife based on the signal processed by the signal processing module and the calculated parameters. The tissue type includes bone tissue or soft tissue. The judgment module is realized by comparing the impedance slope with the preset anti-slope. When the impedance slope is greater than or equal to the preset value, it is judged to be bone tissue; otherwise, it is judged to be soft tissue. The preset anti-slope threshold in the judgment module is determined by experiments and clinical data.

[0045] Control module: used to adjust the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic bone knife according to the judgment result of the judgment module. When it is judged to be bone tissue, the driving mode and parameters of bone tissue are adopted; when it is judged to be soft tissue, the driving mode and parameters of soft tissue are adopted; the driving mode and parameters of bone tissue refer to the ultrasonic bone knife with a frequency of 27-39kHz, an amplitude of 70-123μm, and a power output of 60-110W; the driving mode and parameters of soft tissue refer to the ultrasonic bone knife with a frequency of 22.5kHz and below, an amplitude of 130μm and below, and a power output of 50W and below.

[0046] The three-dimensional image navigation module is used to combine the oral CT three-dimensional image data to locate the ultrasonic bone knife and plan the operation path; the three-dimensional image navigation module also includes a surgical path planning unit, which uses image processing algorithms and three-dimensional reconstruction technology to generate a high-precision three-dimensional model based on the patient's oral CT data, and plan the surgical path and cutting depth.

[0047] The integrated heat dissipation module is used to dissipate the heat generated by the ultrasonic bone knife when it is working. The integrated heat dissipation module integrates a temperature sensor, a micro fan and a heat pipe inside the ultrasonic bone knife body by utilizing the principles of air convection and heat conduction. The temperature sensor monitors the working temperature of the ultrasonic bone knife in real time and automatically adjusts the working parameters of the micro fan according to temperature changes.

[0048] The coolant module is used to intelligently adjust the spray volume and spray speed of the coolant according to the temperature changes of the surgical site, and provide different coolant modes, including anesthesia mode, disinfection mode and wound healing mode; the anesthesia mode, disinfection mode and wound healing mode refer to that when local anesthesia is needed in the early stage of the operation to relieve the patient's pain, the coolant sprayed by the ultrasonic bone knife is in the anesthesia mode, and the coolant module provides coolant containing local anesthetic drugs; when ensuring the cleanliness and sterility of the surgical site during the operation, the coolant sprayed by the ultrasonic bone knife is in the disinfection mode, and the coolant module provides coolant containing disinfectant; when promoting wound healing at the end of the operation, the coolant sprayed by the ultrasonic bone knife is in the wound healing mode, and the coolant module provides coolant containing nutrient solution and growth factors.

[0049] The monitoring and feedback module is used to continuously monitor the working status of the ultrasonic osteotome, the results of tissue type judgment, and the patient's expression parameter information during the operation. The monitoring and feedback module also includes a facial acquisition unit and a visual interface. The facial acquisition unit uses a preset patient facial camera and image processing technology to extract key features from the captured facial image, including the shape and position of eyebrows, eyes, and mouth. Based on the extracted features, a machine learning algorithm is used to analyze the patient's facial expression to determine whether the patient is in a state of pain, and feedback is given to the doctor through a visual interface.

[0050] Specific implementation steps:

[0051] Assume that a dentist is performing a wisdom tooth extraction operation on a patient, which operation requires the removal of part of the alveolar bone to reduce the resistance of tooth extraction. The doctor decides to use the ultrasonic osteotome control system for alveolar bone removal and resistance reduction of the present invention.

[0052] The doctor first obtains the patient's oral three-dimensional image data through oral CT scanning, and imports this data into the three-dimensional image navigation module of the ultrasonic bone knife control system. The three-dimensional image navigation module uses image processing algorithms and three-dimensional reconstruction technology to generate a high-precision three-dimensional model of the patient's oral cavity, and plans the surgical path and cutting depth. The doctor inserts the ultrasonic bone knife into the patient's mouth and starts the control system. The signal acquisition module begins to collect the current and voltage signals when the ultrasonic bone knife contacts the bone tissue in real time, and converts these signals into digital signals and transmits them to the signal processing module. The signal processing module filters and amplifies the collected signals, and calculates the real-time impedance and impedance slope parameters.

[0053] The judgment module compares the impedance slope parameter calculated by the signal processing module with the preset impedance slope threshold. Assuming that the ultrasonic bone knife is in contact with bone tissue at this time, the impedance slope is greater than or equal to the preset value, and the judgment module transmits the result to the control module. Based on the result of the judgment module, the control module adjusts the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic bone knife to the settings suitable for bone tissue, that is, the frequency of 27-39kHz, the amplitude of 70-123μm and the power output of 60-110W.

[0054] The doctor uses the ultrasonic bone scalpel to remove the alveolar bone according to the surgical path and cutting depth planned by the 3D imaging navigation module. The integrated heat dissipation module monitors the working temperature of the ultrasonic bone scalpel in real time and automatically adjusts the working parameters of the micro fan according to the temperature changes to ensure the stable operation of the equipment. The coolant module intelligently adjusts the injection amount and injection speed of the coolant according to the temperature changes of the surgical site, and provides coolant in anesthesia mode to reduce the patient's pain.

[0055] The facial acquisition unit of the monitoring feedback module uses a preset patient facial camera and image processing technology to capture the patient's facial expressions and extract key features. Based on the extracted features, the machine learning algorithm analyzes the patient's facial expressions to determine whether they are in a state of pain. Assuming that during the operation, the patient's facial expression shows signs of pain, the monitoring feedback module will feed this information back to the doctor in real time through a visual interface. Based on the feedback information, the doctor will promptly adjust the surgical strategy or give the patient a spray of coolant in anesthesia mode.

[0056] After completing the alveolar bone removal operation, the doctor stops the ultrasonic osteotome and removes the device. The coolant module continues to provide coolant in disinfection mode to disinfect the surgical site. After the operation, the doctor can view the various parameters and feedback information during the operation through the visual interface to evaluate the surgical effect.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Basically as attached Figure 2 As shown: A method for controlling an ultrasonic osteotome for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction, comprising the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Signal acquisition: The current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic osteotome during the operation are collected in real time through the signal acquisition module, and these signals are converted into digital signals for subsequent processing;

[0060] Step 2: Signal processing and calculation: The collected signal is filtered and amplified by the signal processing module, and the real-time impedance and impedance slope parameters are calculated;

[0061] Step 3, tissue type determination: the determination module determines the tissue type currently contacted by the ultrasonic osteotome based on the comparison between the calculated impedance slope and the preset impedance slope, and transmits the determination result to the control module;

[0062] Step 4: Driving mode and parameter adjustment: The control module dynamically adjusts the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic bone knife according to the judgment result of the judgment module to adapt to different tissue types and surgical requirements;

[0063] Step 5. Real-time monitoring and feedback: The monitoring and feedback module continuously monitors the working status of the ultrasonic bone knife, the tissue type judgment results, and the patient's facial expression parameters during the operation throughout the operation, and feeds this information back to the doctor in real time through a visual interface to assist in the surgical operation.

[0064] Specific implementation steps:

[0065] Suppose a dentist is performing a mandibular wisdom tooth extraction surgery on a patient. Since the wisdom tooth is located deep and the surrounding alveolar bone is relatively hard, the doctor decides to use an ultrasonic bone knife with intelligent control function to remove part of the alveolar bone to reduce the resistance to tooth extraction.

[0066] The doctor starts the ultrasonic osteotome control system and ensures that the signal acquisition module is in normal working condition. During the operation, the signal acquisition module collects the current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic osteotome when cutting the alveolar bone in real time through the integrated current sensor and voltage sensor. These signals are quickly converted into digital signals for subsequent processing and analysis. Within 5 minutes after the start of the operation, the signal acquisition module successfully collected hundreds of current and voltage data points and converted them into digital signals and stored them in the system.

[0067] The signal processing module receives the digital signals from the signal acquisition module. These signals are filtered to remove noise and interference. Subsequently, the differential amplifier circuit is used to amplify the signal to improve the accuracy of the signal. According to Ohm's law, the real-time impedance value is calculated, and the impedance value is linearly fitted within the time window to obtain the real-time impedance slope parameter. During the processing, the signal processing module calculates the real-time impedance value to be 120 ohms and the impedance slope to be 0.18 ohms / second.

[0068] The judgment module receives the impedance slope parameter from the signal processing module and compares the parameter with a preset impedance slope threshold, such as 0.15 ohms / second. Since the impedance slope of 0.18 ohms / second is greater than the preset value, the judgment module determines that the tissue currently contacted by the ultrasonic osteotome is bone tissue.

[0069] The control module receives the tissue type judgment result from the judgment module. According to the judgment result, the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic bone knife are dynamically adjusted. For bone tissue, the control module selects a higher frequency such as 30kHz, an amplitude of 90μm and a power output of 90W to ensure cutting efficiency.

[0070] The monitoring and feedback module continuously monitors the working status of the ultrasonic bone scalpel, the results of tissue type judgment, and the patient's facial expression parameters throughout the operation. During the operation, the monitoring and feedback module captured the patient's facial expression showing slight signs of pain. After the doctor saw this feedback through the visual interface, he immediately adjusted the surgical strategy, gave the patient additional anesthetic drugs, and continued the operation. At the same time, the monitoring and feedback module also continuously monitors the working status of the ultrasonic bone scalpel to ensure that it maintains optimal performance throughout the operation.

[0071] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic bone cutter control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction, comprising an ultrasonic bone cutter and a controller, characterized in that: The controller includes the following modules: Signal acquisition module: used to collect the current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic osteotome in real time when it contacts the bone tissue during the process of alveolar bone removal and drag reduction after tooth extraction in the oral cavity; Signal processing module: used to process the current and voltage signals collected by the signal acquisition module, including filtering and amplification, and calculate the real-time impedance and impedance slope parameters; Judgment module: used to judge the type of tissue currently contacted by the ultrasonic osteotome based on the signal processed by the signal processing module and the calculated parameters, and the tissue type includes bone tissue or soft tissue; Control module: used to adjust the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic osteotome according to the judgment result of the judgment module. When it is judged to be bone tissue, the driving mode and parameters of bone tissue are adopted; when it is judged to be soft tissue, the driving mode and parameters of soft tissue are adopted; 3D image navigation module, used to locate ultrasonic bone knife and plan operation path by combining oral CT 3D image data; Integrated heat dissipation module to dissipate the heat generated by the ultrasonic bone knife when it is working; The coolant module is used to intelligently adjust the spray volume and spray speed of the coolant according to the temperature changes of the surgical site, and provides different coolant modes, including anesthesia mode, disinfection mode and wound healing mode; The monitoring and feedback module is used to continuously monitor the working status of the ultrasonic bone knife, the tissue type judgment results, and the patient's facial expression parameter information during the operation, and feed back the information to the doctor to assist the surgical operation.

2. The ultrasonic osteotome control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated heat dissipation module uses the principles of air convection and heat conduction to integrate a temperature sensor, a micro fan and a heat pipe inside the ultrasonic bone knife body. The temperature sensor monitors the working temperature of the ultrasonic bone knife in real time and automatically adjusts the working parameters of the micro fan according to temperature changes.

3. The ultrasonic osteotome control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anesthesia mode, disinfection mode and wound healing mode refer to the following: when local anesthesia is needed in the early stage of surgery to relieve patient pain, the coolant sprayed by the ultrasonic bone knife is in the anesthesia mode, and the coolant module provides coolant containing local anesthetic drugs; when ensuring the cleanliness and sterility of the surgical site during the operation, the coolant sprayed by the ultrasonic bone knife is in the disinfection mode, and the coolant module provides coolant containing disinfectant; when promoting wound healing at the end of the operation, the coolant sprayed by the ultrasonic bone knife is in the wound healing mode, and the coolant module provides coolant containing nutrient solution and growth factors.

4. The ultrasonic osteotome control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The signal acquisition module integrates a current sensor and a voltage sensor to collect the current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic bone knife during operation, and converts the current and voltage signals into digital signals for transmission to the signal processing module.

5. The ultrasonic osteotome control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal processing module filtering algorithm adopts a digital filter, and the amplifier circuit adopts a differential amplifier circuit. The real-time impedance value is calculated according to Ohm's law. The impedance value is obtained by dividing the voltage signal by the current signal, and the impedance slope is obtained by linearly fitting the impedance value within the time window.

6. The ultrasonic osteotome control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The judgment module is implemented by comparing the impedance slope with the preset impedance slope. When the impedance slope is greater than or equal to the preset value, it is judged to be bone tissue; otherwise, it is judged to be soft tissue.

7. The ultrasonic osteotome control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mode and parameters of bone tissue refer to the ultrasonic bone knife's frequency of 27-39kHz, vibration mode of 70-123μm amplitude, and power output of 60-110W. The driving mode and parameters of soft tissue refer to the ultrasonic bone knife's frequency of 22.5kHz and below, vibration mode of 130μm and below, and power output of 50W and below.

8. The ultrasonic osteotome control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The 3D image navigation module also includes a surgical path planning unit, which uses image processing algorithms and 3D reconstruction technology to generate a high-precision 3D model based on the patient's oral CT data, and plans the surgical path and cutting depth.

9. The ultrasonic osteotome control system for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The monitoring feedback module also includes a facial acquisition unit and a visualization interface. The facial acquisition unit uses a preset patient facial camera and image processing technology to extract key features from the captured facial images. The features include the shape and position of eyebrows, eyes, and mouth. Based on the extracted features, a machine learning algorithm is used to analyze the patient's facial expression to determine whether the patient is in pain, and feedback is provided to the doctor through a visualization interface.

10. A method for controlling an ultrasonic osteotome for alveolar bone removal and drag reduction, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Signal acquisition: The current and voltage signals of the ultrasonic osteotome during the operation are collected in real time through the signal acquisition module, and these signals are converted into digital signals for subsequent processing; Step 2: Signal processing and calculation: The collected signal is filtered and amplified by the signal processing module, and the real-time impedance and impedance slope parameters are calculated; Step 3, tissue type determination: the determination module determines the tissue type currently contacted by the ultrasonic osteotome based on the comparison between the calculated impedance slope and the preset impedance slope, and transmits the determination result to the control module; Step 4: Driving mode and parameter adjustment: The control module dynamically adjusts the driving mode and parameters of the ultrasonic bone knife according to the judgment result of the judgment module to adapt to different tissue types and surgical requirements; Step 5. Real-time monitoring and feedback: The monitoring and feedback module continuously monitors the working status of the ultrasonic bone knife, the tissue type judgment results, and the patient's facial expression parameters during the operation throughout the operation, and feeds this information back to the doctor in real time through a visual interface to assist in the surgical operation.

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