Magnetic coupling speed-adjustable propeller and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic coupling speed-adjustable propeller and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of underwater navigation and electric propulsion. A motor, a driving assembly and a driven assembly of the propeller are arranged in a cabin, a motor driving shaft is connected with the driving assembly, and a plurality of first permanent magnets are arranged on the driving assembly; a plurality of second permanent magnets are arranged on the driven assembly, and the first permanent magnets are in magnetic fit with the second permanent magnets; an impeller is arranged outside the cabin body and is connected with a driven assembly; the magnetic controller comprises a disc and electromagnets, the disc is rotationally connected with the driving assembly, the multiple electromagnets are detachably arranged on the disc and arranged between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and when the driving assembly drives the driven assembly to rotate, the states of the electromagnets are changed, and the speed of the impeller can be adjusted. According to the propeller, friction loss in traditional mechanical transmission is eliminated, so that the propeller has a multi-mode speed regulation function and can adapt to more application scenes, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underwater navigation and electric propulsion, and specifically relates to a magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, underwater thrusters mostly use mechanical structures such as propellers to generate propulsion. This mechanical structure has problems such as low transmission efficiency and high noise due to friction between connecting parts. At the same time, the underwater environment also puts forward unique requirements for the performance of thrusters. For example, underwater robots, submarines and other equipment require thrusters to have high efficiency, low noise, good adaptability and other performance, and also need to achieve precise control of the thrusters. Traditional thrusters have certain limitations in these aspects, while magnetic coupling thrusters can better meet these requirements and improve the efficiency and flexibility of underwater operations.

[0003] Magnetic coupling technology is a means of power transmission based on the interaction of magnetic fields. It can eliminate friction between mechanical connection parts, improve transmission efficiency and reduce energy loss when used in underwater thrusters. Compared with traditional mechanical transmission, magnetic coupling thrusters are more flexible and responsive, but magnetic coupling thrusters have problems such as limited speed regulation and imprecise speed and thrust control.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster and a control method thereof to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster and a control method thereof, so as to achieve precise control of speed and thrust while enabling the thruster to have functions such as multi-mode speed regulation, low noise, lubrication-free and automatic overload protection.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A magnetic coupling adjustable speed propeller comprises a cabin, a motor, an active component, a driven component, a magnetic controller and an impeller; the motor and the active component are arranged inside the cabin, the driving shaft of the motor is connected to the active component, a plurality of first permanent magnets are arranged on the active component, and the motor can drive the active component and the first permanent magnet to rotate; the driven component is arranged inside the cabin, a plurality of second permanent magnets are arranged on the driven component, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet cooperate with each other magnetically, and the active component can drive the active component and the first permanent magnet to rotate through the magnetic coupling between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet. The driven component rotates; the impeller is arranged at the rear end outside the cabin body, the impeller is connected to the driven component, and the driven component can drive the impeller to rotate; the magnetic controller includes a disc and an electromagnet, the disc is rotatably connected to the active component, a plurality of electromagnets are detachably arranged on the disc, the electromagnet is arranged between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the electromagnet does not contact the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet; when the active component drives the driven component to rotate, the state of the electromagnet is changed, and the speed of the driven component and the impeller can be adjusted; the motor and the electromagnet are both connected to a power supply.

[0008] Preferably, the cabin body is composed of an outer shell, a front cover and a rear cover; one end of the outer shell is connected to the front cover, and the other end of the outer shell is connected to the rear cover; the motor, the active component and the driven component are arranged inside the outer shell; the impeller is arranged outside the rear cover; a through hole is opened on the rear cover, and the through hole is used for the driven component to connect the impeller.

[0009] Preferably, the active component includes a first cylinder and a first connecting shaft; the first cylinder is cylindrical, and the interior of the first cylinder is a hollow structure, and the first connecting shaft is arranged at the outer bottom of the first cylinder; the first connecting shaft is connected to the driving shaft of the motor; the first permanent magnets are arranged at equal intervals on the first cylinder; the inner bottom of the first cylinder is rotatably connected to the disk of the magnetic controller. Preferably, the driven component includes a second cylinder and a second connecting shaft; the second cylinder is cylindrical, the second cylinder is sleeved inside the first cylinder, and the top of the second cylinder is connected to the second connecting shaft; a first gap is left between the bottom of the first cylinder and the bottom of the second cylinder, and the first gap is used to place the disk; a second gap is left between the side wall of the first cylinder and the side wall of the second cylinder, and the second gap is used to place the electromagnet; second permanent magnets are arranged at equal intervals on the second cylinder; the second connecting shaft passes through the through hole of the rear cover to connect to the impeller.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the first permanent magnets is 16, and the number of the second permanent magnets is 4; the first permanent magnets and the second permanent magnets are both arranged alternately with south and north poles.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the disc is smaller than the inner diameter of the first cylinder, and the diameter of the disc is larger than the outer diameter of the second cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the electromagnet is composed of magnetic metal and metal wire; the magnetic metal is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the magnetic metal is detachably arranged on the side of the disk close to the second cylinder, and is arranged on the edge of the side; the magnetic metal is arranged at equal intervals; the metal wire is wound around the outside of the magnetic metal, and the metal wire is connected to a power source.

[0013] Preferably, the magnetic controller further comprises a third connecting shaft; the third connecting shaft is arranged on the side of the disc close to the first cylinder, and the disc is rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the first cylinder via the third connecting shaft.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a deflector, which is arranged on the outside of the rear cover.

[0015] A control method for a magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Start the motor, the driving shaft of the motor drives the first permanent magnet to rotate, the second permanent magnet rotates with the first permanent magnet under the action of magnetic coupling, and the second permanent magnet drives the impeller to rotate; Step 2: By changing at least one of the power supply voltage of the electromagnet, the power supply frequency of the electromagnet, the number of electromagnets, or the number of turns of the metal wire in the electromagnet, the rotation speed of the second permanent magnet relative to the first permanent magnet is adjusted, thereby adjusting the rotation speed of the impeller, so that the impeller and the motor rotate asynchronously until the impeller reaches the required rotation speed.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention adopts magnetic coupling technology to replace traditional mechanical transmission, uses magnetic field to transmit energy, eliminates friction loss in traditional mechanical transmission, improves transmission efficiency, reduces energy loss, and can control speed and thrust more accurately; at the same time, the design of the magnetic metal and metal wire in the magnetic controller can be freely disassembled and assembled, so that the thruster has a multi-mode speed regulation function, realizing four speed regulation modes: variable frequency speed regulation, multi-speed speed regulation, voltage speed regulation and slip speed regulation, which can adapt to more application scenarios and greatly improve the transmission efficiency.

[0019] 2. Compared with traditional mechanical thrusters, the magnetic coupling thruster of the present invention reduces friction and vibration due to the lack of direct mechanical connection between the motor and the impeller, thereby reducing noise and vibration levels. This feature is particularly important in underwater applications that require reducing noise interference or reducing the impact on the surrounding environment; at the same time, it also enables the thruster to have a lubrication-free function.

[0020] 3. The present invention also has an automatic overload protection function. When the impeller rotates overloaded, the magnetic connection between the active component and the driven component will be instantly cut off, which will not affect the rotation state of the active component, thereby protecting the motor.

[0021] 4. The magnetic coupling adjustable speed thruster mechanism of the present invention is simple in design, easy to produce and install, and the control method is simple and easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster in an embodiment.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection between the medium magnetic controller and the active and driven components.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The three-dimensional active components Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The three-dimensional active components Figure 2 .

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of the Zhongji controller.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A perspective view of the driven component.

[0029] In the figure: 1, casing, 2, front cover, 3, rear cover, 4, motor, 5, drive shaft, 6, active component, 7, magnetic controller, 8, driven component, 9, impeller, 10, deflector, 11, first permanent magnet, 12, magnetic metal, 13, second permanent magnet, 14, first cylinder, 15, first connecting shaft, 16, second cylinder, 17, second connecting shaft, 18, step, 19, metal wire, 20, disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a one-piece connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment describes a magnetically coupled adjustable speed propeller, which includes a cabin, a motor 4, an active component 6, a driven component 8, a magnetic controller 7 and an impeller 9; the motor 4 and the active component 6 are arranged inside the cabin, the driving shaft 5 of the motor 4 is connected to the active component 6, and a plurality of first permanent magnets 11 are arranged on the active component 6, and the motor 4 can drive the active component 6 and the first permanent magnet 11 to rotate.

[0038] The driven component 8 is arranged inside the cabin, and a plurality of second permanent magnets 13 are arranged on the driven component 8. The first permanent magnet 11 and the second permanent magnet 13 cooperate with each other magnetically. The active component 6 can drive the driven component 8 to rotate through the magnetic coupling between the first permanent magnet 11 and the second permanent magnet 13.

[0039] The impeller 9 is arranged at the outer rear end of the cabin body, and the impeller 9 is connected to the driven component 8, and the driven component 8 can drive the impeller 9 to rotate.

[0040] The magnetic controller 7 is arranged inside the cabin, and the magnetic controller 7 includes a disk 20 and an electromagnet. The disk 20 is rotatably connected to the active component 6. A plurality of electromagnets are detachably arranged on the disk 20, and each electromagnet is arranged between the first permanent magnet 11 and the second permanent magnet 13, and the electromagnet does not contact the first permanent magnet 11 and the second permanent magnet 13.

[0041] When the active component 6 drives the driven component 8 to rotate, the state of the electromagnet is changed, and the speed of the driven component 8 and the impeller 9 can be adjusted. The motor 4 and the electromagnet are both connected to a power source.

[0042] In this embodiment, the cabin body is composed of an outer shell 1, a front cover 2 and a rear cover 3. One end of the outer shell 1 is connected to the front cover 2, and the other end of the outer shell 1 is provided with a step 18, and the step 18 is used to install the rear cover 3; the motor 4 is arranged at the front end inside the outer shell 1, the active component 6 and the driven component 8 are arranged at the rear end inside the outer shell 1, and the magnetic controller 7 is arranged between the active component 6 and the driven component 8; the impeller 9 is arranged on the outside of the rear cover 3, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the rear cover 3, and the through hole is used for the driven component 8 to connect the impeller 9.

[0043] The active component 6 includes a first cylinder 14 and a first connecting shaft 15. The first cylinder 14 is cylindrical, and the interior of the first cylinder 14 is a hollow structure. The first connecting shaft 15 is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the first cylinder 14, and the first connecting shaft 15 is connected to the driving shaft 5 of the motor 4. When the driving shaft 5 of the motor 4 rotates, the first cylinder 14 can be driven to rotate; the first permanent magnets 11 are arranged at equal intervals on the side wall of the first cylinder 14. When the motor 4 drives the first cylinder 14 to rotate, the first permanent magnets 11 will rotate with the first cylinder 14. The disk 20 connected to the magnetic controller 7 is rotatably connected at the bottom of the inner side of the first cylinder 14.

[0044] The driven assembly 8 includes a second cylinder 16 and a second connecting shaft 17; the second cylinder 16 is cylindrical, and is sleeved inside the first cylinder 14, and the first cylinder 14 and the second cylinder 16 do not contact each other; the middle of the top of the second cylinder 16 is connected to the second connecting shaft 17, and the second connecting shaft 17 is connected to the impeller 9. When the driven assembly 8 rotates following the driving assembly 6, the second connecting shaft 17 can drive the impeller 9 to rotate.

[0045] A first gap is left between the bottom of the inner side of the first cylinder 14 and the bottom of the outer side of the second cylinder 16, and the first gap is used to place the disc 20; a second gap is left between the inner wall of the first cylinder 14 and the outer wall of the second cylinder 16, and the second gap is used to place the electromagnet.

[0046] The second permanent magnets 13 are arranged at equal intervals on the side walls of the second cylinder 16, and the first permanent magnets 11 and the second permanent magnets 13 are arranged alternately with the south and north poles. When the first permanent magnet 11 rotates driven by the motor 4, the first permanent magnet 11 and the second permanent magnet 13 are magnetically coupled, and a tangential force tangential to the side wall of the second cylinder 16 is generated on the second permanent magnet 13, forcing the second cylinder 16 to change its rotation posture. By adjusting the state of the electromagnet on the magnetic controller 7, multi-mode variable speed rotation between the active component 6 and the driven component 8 can be achieved.

[0047] The second connecting shaft 17 passes through the through hole of the rear cover 3 and is connected to the impeller 9 on the outside of the rear cover 3. When the second cylinder 16 rotates, the second connecting shaft 17 is driven to rotate, which can further drive the impeller 9 to rotate. At this time, by adjusting the state of the electromagnet on the magnetic controller 7, asynchronous rotation between the impeller 9 and the motor 4 can be achieved.

[0048] In this embodiment, the diameter of the disk 20 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first cylinder 14 , and the diameter of the disk 20 is larger than the outer diameter of the second cylinder 16 ; the electromagnets are arranged at equal intervals around the edge of the disk 20 .

[0049] In this embodiment, the electromagnet of the magnetic controller 7 is composed of a magnetic metal 12 and a metal wire 19. The magnetic metal 12 has a rectangular shape. The magnetic metal 12 is detachably arranged on the side of the disk 20 close to the second cylinder 16, located in the second gap, and has no contact with the first cylinder 14 and the second cylinder 16.

[0050] There are six magnetic metals 12 equidistantly arranged on the disc 20 . A metal wire 19 is wound around the outside of each magnetic metal 12 . The metal wire 19 is detachable from the magnetic metal 12 and is connected to a power source.

[0051] The magnetic controller 7 also includes a third connecting shaft, which is arranged on the side of the disc 20 close to the first cylinder 14, and the third connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the first cylinder 14 through a bearing. Since the magnetic controller 7 is connected to the first cylinder 14 through a bearing, when the first cylinder 14 rotates, the magnetic controller 7 will not rotate with the first cylinder 14.

[0052] In this embodiment, the number of the first permanent magnets 11 is four times the number of the second permanent magnets 13. Preferably, the number of the first permanent magnets 11 is 16, and the number of the second permanent magnets 13 is 4; and the first permanent magnets 11 and the second permanent magnets 13 are arranged alternately at north and south poles.

[0053] In this embodiment, a deflector 10 is further provided on the outer side of the rear cover 3 .

[0054] In this embodiment, the motor 4 is a servo motor, the magnetic metal 12 of the magnetic controller 7 is a ferromagnetic metal, and the metal wire 19 is a copper metal wire.

[0055] This embodiment can realize asynchronous rotation between the impeller 9 and the motor 4 by changing the state of the electromagnet, so that the propeller has a multi-mode speed regulation function.

[0056] The variable frequency speed regulation is achieved by changing the power supply frequency of the electromagnet, and the rotation speed of the driven component 8 and the impeller 9 is proportional to the power supply frequency; the rotation speed of the impeller 9 can be accurately controlled and adjusted over a wide range through variable frequency speed regulation.

[0057] By changing the number of electromagnets, multi-speed regulation can be achieved, and the rotation speed of the impeller 9 can be regulated at a fixed speed.

[0058] Voltage speed regulation is achieved by changing the power supply voltage of the electromagnet. The voltage is adjusted to adjust the speed. As the voltage decreases, the torque generated decreases, and the speed of the driven component 8 and the impeller 9 also decreases.

[0059] The slip speed regulation is achieved by changing the number of windings of the metal wire 19 wrapped around the magnetic metal 12. When the number of coil turns is increased, the electromotive force will be increased, thereby affecting the current and electromagnetic torque, indirectly increasing the speed of the motor 4, so that the motor 4 can withstand greater load speed regulation.

[0060] The magnetic coupling adjustable speed thruster described in this embodiment adopts magnetic coupling technology to replace the traditional mechanical transmission, uses the magnetic field to transmit energy, eliminates the friction loss in the traditional mechanical transmission, and at the same time, through the design that the magnetic metal 12 and the metal wire 19 in the magnetic controller 7 can be freely disassembled and assembled, the thruster has a multi-mode speed regulation function, can adapt to more application scenarios, and greatly improves the transmission efficiency. At the same time, since there is no direct mechanical connection between the motor 4 and the impeller 9, friction and vibration are reduced, thereby reducing the noise and vibration level, so that the thruster has a lubrication-free function. This feature is particularly important in underwater applications that need to reduce noise interference or reduce the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0061] The propeller also has an automatic overload protection function. When the impeller 9 rotates and is overloaded, since the active component 6 and the driven component 8 are hollow and have no physical connection, the magnetic connection between the active component 6 and the driven component 8 will be instantly cut off, and the rotation state of the active component 6 will not be affected, thereby protecting the motor 4.

[0062] A control method for a magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster comprises the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: Install the magnetically coupled adjustable speed propeller so that it can operate normally; Step 2: Start the motor 4, the drive shaft 5 of the motor 4 drives the first permanent magnet 11 to rotate, and the second permanent magnet 13 rotates with the first permanent magnet 11 under the action of magnetic coupling, and at the same time, the second permanent magnet 13 drives the impeller 9 to rotate; Step 3: Change at least one of the four methods of the power supply voltage of the electromagnet, the power supply frequency of the electromagnet, the number of electromagnets, or the number of turns of the metal wire 19 in the electromagnet, so as to adjust the rotation speed of the second permanent magnet 13 relative to the first permanent magnet 11, thereby adjusting the rotation speed of the impeller 9, so that the impeller 9 rotates asynchronously with the motor 4 until the impeller 9 reaches the required rotation speed.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the present invention. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster, characterized in that: It includes a cabin, a motor, an active component, a driven component, a magnetic controller and an impeller; The motor and the active component are arranged inside the cabin, the driving shaft of the motor is connected to the active component, a plurality of first permanent magnets are arranged on the active component, and the motor can drive the active component and the first permanent magnets to rotate; The driven component is arranged inside the cabin, and a plurality of second permanent magnets are arranged on the driven component. The first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet cooperate with each other magnetically, and the active component can drive the driven component to rotate through the magnetic coupling between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet; The impeller is arranged at the rear end outside the cabin, and the impeller is connected to the driven component, and the driven component can drive the impeller to rotate; The magnetic controller comprises a disc and an electromagnet, wherein the disc is rotatably connected to the active component, and a plurality of electromagnets are detachably arranged on the disc, wherein the electromagnets are arranged between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the electromagnets do not contact the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet; When the active component drives the driven component to rotate, the state of the electromagnet is changed, so that the speed of the driven component and the impeller can be adjusted; The motor and the electromagnet are both connected to a power source.

2. A magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin body is composed of an outer shell, a front cover and a rear cover; One end of the shell is connected to the front cover, and the other end of the shell is connected to the back cover; The motor, the active component and the driven component are arranged inside the housing; The impeller is arranged outside the rear cover; The rear cover is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is used for the driven component to connect with the impeller.

3. A magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active component includes a first cylinder and a first connecting shaft; The first cylinder is cylindrical, and the interior of the first cylinder is a hollow structure, and a first connecting shaft is arranged at the outer bottom of the first cylinder; The first connecting shaft is connected to the driving shaft of the motor; The first permanent magnets are arranged on the first cylinder at equal intervals; The inner bottom of the first cylinder is rotatably connected to a disk of a magnetic controller.

4. A magnetically coupled adjustable speed propeller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driven assembly includes a second cylinder and a second connecting shaft; The second cylinder is cylindrical, the second cylinder is sleeved inside the first cylinder, and the top of the second cylinder is connected to the second connecting shaft; A first gap is left between the bottom of the first cylinder and the bottom of the second cylinder, and the first gap is used to place the disc; A second gap is left between the side wall of the first cylinder and the side wall of the second cylinder, and the second gap is used to place the electromagnet; The second permanent magnets are arranged on the second cylinder at equal intervals; The second connecting shaft passes through the through hole of the rear cover and is connected to the impeller.

5. A magnetically coupled adjustable speed propeller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the first permanent magnets is 16, and the number of the second permanent magnets is 4; The first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are both arranged with south and north poles alternately.

6. The magnetically coupled adjustable speed propeller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the disc is smaller than the inner diameter of the first cylinder, and the diameter of the disc is larger than the outer diameter of the second cylinder.

7. The magnetic coupling adjustable speed propeller according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electromagnet is composed of magnetic metal and metal wire; The magnetic metal is in the shape of a cuboid, and the magnetic metal is detachably arranged on the side of the disc close to the second cylinder, and is arranged on the edge of the side; The magnetic metals are arranged at equal intervals; The metal wire is wound around the outside of the magnetic metal and is connected to a power source.

8. The magnetic coupling adjustable speed propeller according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnetic controller also includes a third connecting shaft; The third connecting shaft is arranged on the side of the disc close to the first cylinder, and the disc is rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the first cylinder via the third connecting shaft.

9. The magnetic coupling adjustable speed propeller according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a deflector, which is arranged on the outer side of the rear cover.

10. A control method for a magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster, using a magnetically coupled adjustable speed thruster according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Start the motor, the driving shaft of the motor drives the first permanent magnet to rotate, the second permanent magnet rotates along with the first permanent magnet under the action of magnetic coupling, and the second permanent magnet drives the impeller to rotate; Step 2: By changing at least one of the power supply voltage of the electromagnet, the power supply frequency of the electromagnet, the number of electromagnets, or the number of turns of the metal wire in the electromagnet, the rotation speed of the second permanent magnet relative to the first permanent magnet is adjusted, thereby adjusting the rotation speed of the impeller so that the impeller rotates asynchronously with the motor until the impeller reaches the required rotation speed.

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